CN110389315B - Orientation device, orientation method and application of active antenna unit - Google Patents
Orientation device, orientation method and application of active antenna unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110389315B CN110389315B CN201910700782.2A CN201910700782A CN110389315B CN 110389315 B CN110389315 B CN 110389315B CN 201910700782 A CN201910700782 A CN 201910700782A CN 110389315 B CN110389315 B CN 110389315B
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- antenna
- directional antenna
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- satellite
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/35—Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
- G01S19/36—Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain relating to the receiver frond end
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/04—Details
- G01S3/12—Means for determining sense of direction, e.g. by combining signals from directional antenna or goniometer search coil with those from non-directional antenna
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a directional device of an active antenna unit, which relates to the field of communication equipment, and is internally installed in a chassis of the active antenna unit, and comprises: the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna are used for receiving satellite signals, are separately installed in the case, and are shielded by the metal part of the case in half to form a half-sky shielding effect for receiving the satellite signals; the first satellite positioning module and the second satellite positioning module are used for respectively processing satellite signals received by the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna to obtain the statistical directions of satellite disappearance zones of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna; and the double-antenna differential orientation module processes data of the first satellite positioning module and the second satellite positioning module to realize the double-antenna differential orientation of the active antenna unit. The invention also discloses a method for orienting the active antenna unit. The invention effectively utilizes the metal shielding effect of the active antenna unit case and improves the orientation precision.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communication devices, and in particular, to a directional device, a directional method, and an application of an active antenna unit.
Background
The intelligent antenna refers to an antenna with the capability of sensing the working parameters of the antenna, and by means of the sensing capability of the intelligent antenna, the operation and maintenance system can remotely know the working state of the antenna, timely give an alarm when the parameters of the intelligent antenna change, and remind operation and maintenance personnel to maintain, so that the operation and maintenance efficiency is greatly improved, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and invalid operation and maintenance caused by blindness is reduced. Therefore, it is one of the directions of future development of smart antennas to embed an Active Antenna Unit (AAU) with an engineering parameter measurement device. As an orientation device for detecting the direction and the angle of the 5G AAU, the orientation device is an important link for measuring the engineering parameters.
The existing commonly used orientation technologies include geomagnetic orientation, a sum and difference beam method using satellite navigation signals, a dual-antenna orientation method using satellite navigation signals, and the like.
Geomagnetic orientation is limited in its application because it is susceptible to interference. The sum and difference beam method using satellite navigation signals and the dual antenna orientation method using satellite navigation signals require a satellite navigation positioning antenna to be installed inside the 5G AAU. Because the chassis of the 5G AAU is generally formed by splicing a rear cover made of metal and a front cover made of plastic, if the satellite navigation positioning antenna is installed inside the chassis of the AAU, the antenna cannot effectively receive satellite signals due to the shielding of the metal, and therefore the measurement accuracy is influenced. In addition, four independent omnidirectional satellite navigation and positioning antennas need to be installed by applying the sum and difference beam method, and the complexity of the system is increased.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to develop a directional device and a directional method for an active antenna unit, which effectively utilize the shielding of the metal part of the AAU chassis, and operate a dual-antenna directional algorithm by observing and counting the vanishing band of the satellite signal as auxiliary information for dual-antenna differential positioning, thereby realizing dual-antenna differential positioning and improving the directional accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to effectively utilize the shielding of the metal part of the AAU chassis to improve the directional measurement accuracy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a directional device for an active antenna unit, the directional device being installed in a chassis of the active antenna unit, the directional device comprising:
a first directional antenna and a second directional antenna for receiving satellite signals; the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna are separately installed in the case, and part of the first directional antenna and part of the second directional antenna are both shielded by the metal part of the case, so that a shielding effect for receiving the satellite signal is formed;
the first satellite positioning module processes satellite signals received by the first directional antenna, obtains the statistical direction of a satellite vanishing zone of the first directional antenna and deduces the direction of the first directional antenna; the second satellite positioning module processes the satellite signals received by the second positioning antenna, obtains the statistical direction of the satellite vanishing zone of the second directional antenna and deduces the direction of the second directional antenna;
and the double-antenna differential orientation module processes the data of the first satellite positioning module and the second satellite positioning module in a differential mode to realize the orientation of the active antenna unit.
Further, the baseline direction of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna is parallel to a shielding boundary formed by the metal part shielding the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna.
Further, one half of each of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna is shielded by the metal part, and a half-antenna shielding effect for receiving the satellite signal is formed.
Further, the first satellite positioning module, the second satellite positioning module, and the dual-antenna differential orientation module are integrated in a control module of the active antenna unit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an orientation method using the above orientation apparatus, including the steps of:
obtaining the statistical directions of vanishing bands of the satellites respectively observed by the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna in the constellation diagram;
and substituting the statistical directions of the disappearance zones of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna into a double-antenna positioning algorithm to realize the differential orientation of the double antennas.
Further, the statistical direction of the vanishing bands is obtained by the following steps:
continuously receiving and monitoring satellite signals of a plurality of satellites to obtain observation data;
and resolving the observation data by using a statistical method to obtain the statistical direction of the vanishing zone.
Further, the observation data includes distribution, positions and running tracks of the plurality of satellites in the constellation diagram.
Further, the vanishing zone comprises vanishing areas of a plurality of the satellites in the constellation and changing areas of the plurality of the satellites from vanishing to emerging in the constellation.
Further, the statistical direction of the vanishing band is used as the pointing direction of the active antenna unit, and is used for monitoring the directional measurement result of the active antenna unit.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning device and the positioning method thereof are applied to an AAU, and an AAU including the positioning device and the positioning method is provided.
According to the positioning device and the positioning method of the active antenna unit, the shielding effect of the metal part of the AAU case on the satellite navigation positioning antenna in the prior art is effectively utilized, the vanishing band of the satellite signal is measured, the statistical directions of the vanishing bands of the two directional antennas are used as strong auxiliary information of the differential positioning of the two antennas, the high-precision orientation of the differential orientation of the two antennas is realized, and a new thought is provided for the work parameter measuring equipment to be arranged in the AAU.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the directional decoration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a satellite constellation diagram measured by a directional antenna in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a directional antenna measuring a satellite from vanishing to emerging according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the vanishing band measured by the directional antenna in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for clarity and understanding of the technical contents thereof. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a directional device for an active antenna unit, which is installed in a chassis 1 of the active antenna unit, and includes:
the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 are separately installed in the case 1 at a certain baseline distance, and both are partially shielded by the metal part 4 of the case 1, so that a shielding boundary 5 is formed on the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3, and preferably, each half of the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 is shielded by the metal part 4. The first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 are omnidirectional satellite navigation positioning antennas, can receive satellite signals, and form a half-antenna shielding effect for receiving the satellite signals after half of the antennas are shielded by the metal part 4.
The orientation device also comprises a first satellite positioning module, a second satellite positioning module and a double-antenna differential orientation module.
The first satellite positioning module processes satellite signals received by the first directional antenna 2, obtains the statistical direction of a satellite vanishing zone of the first directional antenna 2 and deduces the direction of the first directional antenna 2; the second satellite positioning module processes the satellite signals received by the second positioning antenna 3, obtains the statistical direction of the satellite vanishing zone of the second directional antenna 3 and deduces the direction of the second directional antenna 3; the double-antenna differential orientation module processes data of the first satellite positioning module and the second satellite positioning module in a differential mode. The first satellite positioning module, the second satellite positioning module and the double-antenna differential orientation module can be integrated into a control circuit board of the AAU, can also be independently arranged, and are communicated with the circuit board of the AAU.
When the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 are installed, their base lines are parallel to the shielding border 5.
The invention provides a directional device of an active antenna unit, and a directional method thereof is as follows:
respectively obtaining the statistical directions of the satellite signal vanishing bands of the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3;
and taking the directions of the two satellite signal vanishing bands as strong auxiliary information of the double-antenna differential orientation, and substituting the strong auxiliary information into a double-antenna positioning algorithm to realize the high-precision positioning of the double-antenna differential positioning.
The principle of obtaining the statistical direction of the satellite signal vanishing band of the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 is as follows:
the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 are installed in the case 1, and half of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna are shielded by the metal part 4, and due to shielding of the metal part 4 on satellite signals, the first directional antenna 2 and the second directional antenna 3 form a shielding effect of half of a day when receiving the satellite signals. The following description will be given taking the first directional antenna 2 as an example.
As shown in fig. 2, due to the shielding effect of the half-day, half of the satellite constellation diagram obtained according to the satellite signal observed by the first directional antenna 2 is blank, and corresponds to the shielded portion of the first directional antenna 2. In the constellation diagram corresponding to the part which is not blocked, the position distribution and the running track of the satellite can be seen. Therefore, the satellite moves in the constellation diagram, and enters the shielded part from the non-shielded part, so that the satellite disappears on the constellation diagram to form a signal disappearance band; meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the satellite may also move from the occluded area into the non-occluded area, so that the satellite signal received by the first directional antenna 2 appears on the constellation diagram from disappearance to emergence, forming a signal emergence band. The present invention collectively refers to the signal disappearance band and the signal highlight band as the disappearance band.
According to the current situation of four global positioning systems, about 100 satellites are operated on the sky, the satellites are observed by using the first directional antenna 2, a large amount of data about a signal disappearance band and a signal highlight band of the satellites can be observed by accumulation for a period of time, a disappearance band can be formed in a constellation corresponding to the first directional antenna 2 by statistical analysis of the data, as shown in fig. 4, and further, the statistical direction of the disappearance band can be calculated. The statistical direction of the vanishing bands is parallel to the vector direction of the occlusion boundaries 5.
The second directional antenna 3 is operated in the same way as the first directional antenna 2 to obtain the statistical direction of the vanishing band of the second directional antenna 3.
The statistical direction of the respective vanishing bands of the two directional antennas can be used to represent the pointing direction of the chassis 1 as a direct measure of monitoring the change in pointing direction of the chassis 1. The double-antenna differential algorithm can be assisted, high-precision positioning under weak signals is achieved, and the capability of monitoring the change of the direction of the case 1 is further improved.
As shown in FIG. 1, there are three directional measurements during use of the present invention: a first vanishing band direction vector 6 of the first directional antenna 2, a second vanishing band direction vector 7 of the second directional antenna 3 and a direction vector 8 of the dual antenna difference calculation. All three direction vectors can be used as monitoring data of the movement change of the case 1, so that the reliability of the directional measurement is increased.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An active antenna unit orientation device, the orientation device being mounted internally within a chassis of the active antenna unit, the orientation device comprising:
a first directional antenna and a second directional antenna for receiving satellite signals; the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna are separately installed in the case, and part of the first directional antenna and part of the second directional antenna are both shielded by the metal part of the case, so that a shielding effect for receiving the satellite signal is formed;
the first satellite positioning module processes satellite signals received by the first directional antenna, obtains the statistical direction of a satellite vanishing zone of the first directional antenna and deduces the direction of the first directional antenna; the second satellite positioning module processes the satellite signals received by the second positioning antenna, obtains the statistical direction of the satellite vanishing zone of the second directional antenna and deduces the direction of the second directional antenna;
and the double-antenna differential orientation module processes the data of the first satellite positioning module and the second satellite positioning module in a differential mode to realize the orientation of the active antenna unit.
2. The directional device according to claim 1, wherein the baseline direction of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna is parallel to a shielding boundary formed by the metal portion shielding the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna.
3. The directional device as recited in claim 1, wherein one-half of each of said first directional antenna and said second directional antenna is blocked by said metal portion, resulting in a half-antenna blocking effect for receiving said satellite signal.
4. The directional device of claim 1, wherein the first satellite positioning module, the second satellite positioning module, and the dual antenna differential directional module are integrated into a control module of the active antenna unit.
5. A method of orienting an orienting device as in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
obtaining the statistical directions of vanishing bands of the satellites respectively observed by the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna in the constellation diagram;
and substituting the statistical directions of the disappearance zones of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna into a double-antenna positioning algorithm to realize the differential orientation of the double antennas.
6. The orientation method according to claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining the statistical direction of the vanishing bands comprises:
continuously receiving and monitoring satellite signals of a plurality of satellites to obtain observation data;
and resolving the observation data by using a statistical method to obtain the statistical direction of the vanishing zone.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the observation data comprises a distribution, a location, and a trajectory of a plurality of the satellites in a constellation.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the vanishing band comprises vanishing regions of a plurality of the satellites in the constellation and changing regions of the plurality of the satellites from vanishing to emerging in the constellation.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the statistical direction of the vanishing band is taken as the pointing direction of the active antenna element as a measure of the orientation of the active antenna element being monitored.
10. An active antenna element comprising a directional device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN201910700782.2A CN110389315B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Orientation device, orientation method and application of active antenna unit |
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| CN201910700782.2A CN110389315B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Orientation device, orientation method and application of active antenna unit |
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