CN110389081B - Ballast bed compactness testing device and method based on high polymer material - Google Patents
Ballast bed compactness testing device and method based on high polymer material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110389081B CN110389081B CN201910667342.1A CN201910667342A CN110389081B CN 110389081 B CN110389081 B CN 110389081B CN 201910667342 A CN201910667342 A CN 201910667342A CN 110389081 B CN110389081 B CN 110389081B
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- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ballast bed compactness test structure and method based on a high polymer material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ballast track state detection, in particular to a ballast bed compactness test structure and method based on a high polymer material.
Background
At present, the traditional ballasted track structure mainly comprises discrete gravel ballasts, and the compactness of gravel ballasts directly determines the mechanical property of a track bed and the holding capacity of geometric shapes and positions of the track structure. Therefore, the compactness of the ballast bed needs to be measured when a line is newly built.
The traditional testing method mainly comprises an irrigation method and a nuclear densitometer method, and has obvious defects. The irrigation method is characterized in that the volume of the ballast aggregate to be measured needs to be measured by paving a film, and ballast particles need to be manually picked out, so that the contact state of the original ballast can be damaged, time and labor are wasted, and a large error exists. The nuclear densitometer method has a certain personal injury to operators because of adopting a radioactive source for measurement; in addition, the test result of the nuclear density method is also affected by the ballast volume weight.
Therefore, the device and the method for testing the density of the ballast bed with safety and high precision are provided, and are the problems to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a ballast bed compactness test structure and method based on polymer materials.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a ballast compactness test structure based on a high polymer material comprises a high polymer material ballast complex, a sleeper and a steel rail; the high-molecular railway ballast composite is formed by bonding discrete stone railway ballast with high-molecular materials, a plurality of sleepers are arranged on the high-molecular railway ballast composite in parallel, and two mutually parallel steel rails are arranged on the sleepers; the steel rail is parallel to and perpendicular to the sleeper.
Preferably, a pouring point is arranged on the polymer railway ballast complex, and the pouring point is positioned on the outer sides of the two steel rails and is positioned in the center position between the steel rails and the sleeper.
The invention also provides a ballast bed compactness test method based on the high polymer material, which adopts the ballast bed compactness test structure based on the high polymer material and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a polymer mixed solution;
(2) Determining a pouring point, and then pouring the weight of m at the pouring point 1 The polymer mixed solution of (a);
(3) After the foaming reaction of the polymer mixed solution is completed, the polymer material is bonded with the dispersoid gravel ballast to form a polymer material ballast complex;
(4) Measuring the weight m of the ballast complex based on the high polymer material 2 ；
(5) Measuring the volume V of the ballast complex based on the high polymer material;
(6) According to the mass m of the polymer mixed solution 1 And (3) calculating the measurement results of the step (4) and the step (5) to obtain the compactness of the ballast bed.
Preferably, the polymer material obtained by foaming the polymer mixed solution in the step (1) includes polyurethane.
5. The polymer mixed solution in the step (1) is prepared by uniformly mixing polyether polyol and isocyanate according to a molar ratio of 1:2.
The beneficial effects of the preferable technical scheme are that: the polymer mixture disclosed by the invention has good fluidity, can completely enter into gaps of the ballast of the broken stone, and can obtain a stable solid structure through foaming and curing, so that a system and weight can be conveniently calculated.
Preferably, in the step (2), pouring points are set at intervals of three spans of sleepers, the pouring points are located on the outer sides of the two steel rails, the pouring points are close to the sleepers, and the distance between the pouring points and the end faces of the sleepers is equal to the distance between the pouring points and the steel rails.
The beneficial effects of the above preferable technical scheme are as follows: the pouring point is arranged at the side part of the sleeper and is tightly attached to the side of the steel rail, so that the measured mechanical state of the ballast bed can be ensured to accurately reflect the mechanical characteristics of the core stress area of the ballast bed under the rail when a train passes through.
Preferably, the foaming reaction in the step (3) is specifically: reacting at normal temperature (10-30 ℃).
The beneficial effects of the above preferable technical scheme are as follows: the polyurethane foaming reaction process is utilized to realize the solidification of the ballast, the foaming time, density and the like of the ballast can be accurately regulated and controlled through the catalyst, the polyurethane foaming reaction process is safe and environment-friendly, and the polyurethane foaming reaction process can completely fill the gaps among the ballasts and fasten the discrete ballast particles.
Preferably, in the step (5), the volume of the high polymer material ballast complex is measured by adopting a drainage method.
Preferably, the step (5) specifically includes: a transparent cylinder with volume scales is adopted to pre-fill half volume of water, and the volume V of the water in the cylinder is recorded before a test piece is filled in 1 And (3) completely immersing the high polymer material ballast composite obtained in the step (4) into a cylinder, and recording the volume V of water in the immersed cylinder 2 The volume of the test piece v=v 2 -V 1 。
The beneficial effects of the above preferable technical scheme are as follows: the volume of the irregular high polymer material ballast composite can be effectively measured by utilizing the drainage method, and the water absorption rate of the irregular high polymer material ballast composite is negligible relative to the volume of the ballast high polymer material composite because the selected material is a closed-pore material.
Preferably, the calculation formula adopted in the step (6) is
。
Compared with the prior art, the ballast bed compactness test structure and method based on the high polymer material provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The structure and the method disclosed by the invention can measure the volume of the ballast bed on the premise of not changing the relative contact state of the ballasts in the original ballast bed, so that the accuracy of a measurement result can be improved;
(2) Calculating the compactness of the railway ballast according to the measured ballast bed volume so as to improve the measurement accuracy;
(3) The method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, high in safety and strong in practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a ballast bed compactness test structure based on a polymer material, provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballast bed compactness test structure based on a polymer material;
in the figure: the high polymer material ballast composite body is 1, the sleeper is 2, the steel rail is 3, and the pouring point is A.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention discloses a ballast bed compactness test structure based on a high polymer material, which comprises a high polymer material ballast composite body 1, a sleeper 2 and a steel rail 3; the high polymer railway ballast composite body 1 is formed by bonding dispersion gravel railway ballast with high polymer materials, a plurality of sleepers 2 are arranged on the high polymer railway ballast composite body 1 in parallel, and two mutually parallel steel rails 3 are arranged on the sleepers 2; the rail 3 is perpendicular to the sleeper 2.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the high polymer railway ballast complex 1 is provided with a pouring point A which is positioned at the outer sides of the two steel rails 3, the pouring point A is close to the sleeper, and the distance between the pouring point A and the end face of the sleeper 2 is equal to the distance between the pouring point A and the steel rails 3
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a ballast bed compactness test method based on a high polymer material, which adopts the ballast bed compactness test structure based on the high polymer material of the embodiment 1 for testing, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing polyether polyol and isocyanate according to a molar ratio of 1:2 to obtain a polymer mixed solution;
(2) Setting pouring points at intervals of three spans of sleepers, wherein the pouring points are positioned on the outer sides of the two steel rails, the pouring points are close to the sleepers, the distance between the pouring points and the end faces of the sleepers is equal to the distance between the pouring points and the steel rails, and then pouring weight at the pouring points is m 1 The polymer mixed solution of (a);
(3) Performing foaming reaction on the poured polymer mixed solution under normal temperature, and bonding the dispersion stone ballast by the polymer material to form a polymer material ballast complex after the foaming reaction of the polymer mixed solution is completed;
(4) Measuring the weight m of the ballast complex based on the high polymer material 2 ；
(5) Measuring the volume V of a high polymer material ballast complex by adopting a drainage method, specifically adopting a transparent cylinder with volume scales, pre-filling half volume of water, and recording the volume V of the water in the cylinder before a test piece is filled 1 And (3) completely immersing the high polymer material ballast composite obtained in the step (4) into a cylinder, and recording the volume V of water in the immersed cylinder 2 The volume of the test piece v=v 2 -V 1 ；
(6) According to the mass m of the polymer mixed solution 1 And the measurement results of step (4) and step (5) are calculatedThe calculation formula adopted for obtaining the compactness of the ballast bed is as follows
。
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A ballast compactness test method based on a high polymer material is characterized in that the ballast compactness test structure based on the high polymer material comprises a high polymer material ballast complex, a sleeper and a steel rail; the high polymer material ballast composite is formed by bonding discrete stone ballast with high polymer materials, a plurality of sleepers are arranged on the high polymer material ballast composite in parallel, and two mutually parallel steel rails are arranged on the sleepers; the steel rail is perpendicular to the sleeper;
the high polymer railway ballast composite body is provided with a pouring point, the pouring point is positioned at the outer sides of the two steel rails, the pouring point is close to the sleeper, and the distance between the pouring point and the end face of the sleeper is equal to the distance between the pouring point and the steel rails;
by adopting the ballast bed compactness test structure based on the high polymer material, the ballast bed compactness test method based on the high polymer material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a polymer mixed solution;
(2) Determining a pouring point, and then pouring the weight of m at the pouring point 1 The polymer mixed solution of (a);
(3) After the foaming reaction of the polymer mixed solution is completed, the polymer material is bonded with the dispersoid gravel ballast to form a polymer material ballast complex;
(4) Measuring the weight m of the ballast complex based on the high polymer material 2 ；
(5) Measuring the volume V of the high polymer material ballast complex by adopting a drainage method;
(6) According to the mass m of the polymer mixed solution 1 And (3) calculating the measurement results of the step (4) and the step (5) to obtain the compactness of the ballast bed.
2. The method for testing the compactness of the ballast bed based on the high polymer material according to claim 1, wherein the high polymer material obtained by foaming the high polymer mixed solution in the step (1) comprises polyurethane.
3. The method for testing the compactness of the ballast bed based on the high molecular material according to claim 1, wherein the high molecular mixed solution in the step (1) is prepared by uniformly mixing polyether polyol and isocyanate according to a molar ratio of 1:2.
4. The method for testing the compactness of the ballast bed based on the high polymer material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), pouring points are arranged every third span of sleepers, the pouring points are positioned on the outer sides of the two steel rails, the pouring points are close to the sleepers, and the distance between the pouring points and the end faces of the sleepers is equal to the distance between the pouring points and the steel rails.
5. The method for testing the compactness of a ballast bed based on the high molecular material according to claim 1, wherein the reaction conditions of the foaming reaction in the step (3) are as follows: reacting at normal temperature.
6. The method for testing the compactness of the ballast bed based on the high polymer material according to claim 1, wherein the step (5) is specifically as follows: a transparent cylinder with volume scales is adopted to pre-fill half volume of water, and the volume V of the water in the cylinder is recorded before a test piece is filled in 1 And (3) completely immersing the high polymer material ballast composite obtained in the step (4) into a cylinder, and recording the volume V of water in the immersed cylinder 2 The volume of the test piece v=v 2 -V 1 。
7. The method for testing the compactness of the ballast bed based on the high polymer material according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula adopted in the step (6) is as follows:
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| CN201910667342.1A CN110389081B (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Ballast bed compactness testing device and method based on high polymer material |
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| CN201910667342.1A CN110389081B (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Ballast bed compactness testing device and method based on high polymer material |
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| CN110389081A CN110389081A (en) | 2019-10-29 |
| CN110389081B true CN110389081B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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| CN113449430B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-11-08 | 四川睿铁科技有限责任公司 | Railway track bed comprehensive volume index calculation method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19832567A1 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-27 | Max Knape Gmbh & Co | Track integrated weighing unit, for railway |
| CN101487777A (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2009-07-22 | 北京交通大学 | Test equipment for support stiffness of road bed below railway ballast track sleeper |
| CN104122203A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Testing method of tensile adhesive strength of flexible polyurethane foam material for polyurethane solidification track bed |
| CN109916751A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-21 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of steep gradient ballast track bed long-term stable experiment device and test method |
| CN210775105U (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-06-16 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | High polymer material-based ballast bed compactness testing device |
-
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- 2019-07-23 CN CN201910667342.1A patent/CN110389081B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19832567A1 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-27 | Max Knape Gmbh & Co | Track integrated weighing unit, for railway |
| CN101487777A (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2009-07-22 | 北京交通大学 | Test equipment for support stiffness of road bed below railway ballast track sleeper |
| CN104122203A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Testing method of tensile adhesive strength of flexible polyurethane foam material for polyurethane solidification track bed |
| CN109916751A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-21 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of steep gradient ballast track bed long-term stable experiment device and test method |
| CN210775105U (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-06-16 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | High polymer material-based ballast bed compactness testing device |
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