CN110388787A - Drink cooling device - Google Patents
Drink cooling device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110388787A CN110388787A CN201811316956.7A CN201811316956A CN110388787A CN 110388787 A CN110388787 A CN 110388787A CN 201811316956 A CN201811316956 A CN 201811316956A CN 110388787 A CN110388787 A CN 110388787A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drink
- cooling
- slot
- coolant liquid
- cooling device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001595 contractor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus
- F25D31/002—Liquid coolers, e.g. beverage cooler
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of drink cooling device, and it includes ontology, room temperature cooling slot, sub-cooled slot, cooling line, coolant liquid feed trough and pre- cold traps.Room temperature cooling slot and sub-cooled slot are set to ontology.Cooling line includes leading portion and back segment.Leading portion is set in room temperature cooling slot, and leading portion has receiving end to receive drink.Back segment is then set in sub-cooled slot and is connected to leading portion, and back segment has output end to export drink.Coolant liquid feed trough connection room temperature cooling slot simultaneously supplies coolant liquid.Pre- cold trap connects sub-cooled slot to cooling coolant liquid above-mentioned to supply coolant liquid.Whereby, the present invention utilizes two-period form cooling mechanism, can avoid energy loss and other problems caused by the very fast cooling of high temperature drink.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drink cooling devices, and especially a kind of drink for having two-period form refrigerating function is cooling fills
It sets.
Background technique
Drink cooling device is the cooling equipment of common commercialization, is widely used in coffee shop in the streets, hand beverage StoreFront
In.It is required to quickly meet customer to the difference of drink temperature, the drink of high temperature must be down to suitable by hotel owner in a short time
Work as temperature.
Well known drink cooling device is to import the drink boiled in the high metal tube of thermal conductivity, and directly by metal tube
It is soaked in ice water or the lower coolant liquid of other temperature, in the hope of reducing drink temperature as much as possible in a short time.On however,
Although stating the advantage that the practice has fast cooling, there are still some the shortcomings that being difficult to avoid that.Firstly, aforementioned cooling method just as
It is completed in a short time a large amount of heat exchange, efficiency very big for the load of refrigerating compressor, while will reducing compressor produces
Raw unnecessary additional energy loss.
Secondly, violent temperature change brings thermal expansion and cold contraction effect, it may cause metal tube and other elements and (such as drink
The discrepancy water pipe of material) weld occur stress rupture.Above-mentioned phenomenon makes metal tube generate crack, and beverage and coolant liquid is caused to hand over
Mutually the problem of pollution.
Furthermore only has single cooling bath for fear of common drink cooling device, if Dan Yishui is often difficult to as coolant liquid
Reach ideal cooling effect.In order to improve cooling efficiency, part practitioner changes using more extreme means (such as liquid nitrogen cooling
Device) Lai Zengqiang heat exchange effect.However, such common practice often enables drink directly freeze and can not flow out in metal tube,
It is unable to reach instead and the purpose of drink is quickly provided.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, to solve defect of the common drink cooling device in energy consumption and cooling performance, the present invention proposes a kind of drink
Product cooling device not only can be energy saving by the cooling bath of separation setting to reach two-period form refrigerating function, while can promote
Cooling efficiency and stability.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a kind of drink cooling device is provided, it includes ontologies, room temperature cooling slot, low
Warm cooling bath, cooling line, coolant liquid feed trough and pre- cold trap.
Room temperature cooling slot and sub-cooled slot are set to ontology.Cooling line includes leading portion and back segment.Leading portion is set to often
In warm cooling bath, and leading portion has receiving end to receive drink.Back segment is then set in sub-cooled slot and is connected to leading portion,
And back segment has output end to export drink.Coolant liquid feed trough connection room temperature cooling slot simultaneously supplies coolant liquid.Pre- cold trap is used
With cooling coolant liquid above-mentioned, and sub-cooled slot is connected to supply coolant liquid.
By above embodiment, drink cooling device carries out cooling line using room temperature cooling slot and sub-cooled slot
Two-period form is cooling.It is first tentatively cooling by the coolant liquid in room temperature cooling slot when high temperature drink enters the leading portion of cooling line, it can
Excessively violent heat exchange occurs when drink being avoided to enter back segment.In addition, since drink temperature has been lowered to a certain degree,
Sub-cooled slot is not required to maintain the state of extreme low temperature, is lost simultaneously in the additional energy for reducing compressor, can protect correlation
Element is not influenced by dramatic temperature variation.
In one embodiment, drink cooling device may include connecting tube, the both ends connection sub-cooled slot of connecting tube with
And pre- cold trap, and connecting tube is arranged in coolant liquid feed trough.Alternatively, the both ends of connecting tube can be changed to connection room temperature cooling slot with
And coolant liquid feed trough, and it is arranged in pre- cold trap.
Under the conditions of above-mentioned setting, connecting tube can be additionally provided the heat exchange approach of room temperature cooling slot Yu sub-cooled slot.
When the drink of different temperatures imports drink cooling device, connecting tube can provide the regulatory function of the temperature of two cooling baths.
In one embodiment, aforementioned cooling line can be stainless steel material.
In one embodiment, aforementioned pre- cold trap more may include frigorific unit, and frigorific unit is for being soaked in coolant liquid.Refrigeration
The material of unit can be copper, system that but not limited to this.Further, drink cooling device may include compressor, and compressor
With condensation end, condensation end connects frigorific unit.Drink cooling device may include heat-sink unit, heat-sink unit connect compressor,
So as to absorbing the thermal energy of compressor and dissipating outward.
In one embodiment, aforementioned coolant liquid can be water.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure 1A is the front side schematic diagram of the drink cooling device of an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 1B is the rear side schematic diagram of the drink cooling device of Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 C is the explosive view of the drink cooling device of Figure 1A.
Fig. 2 is the normal temperature circulation pipeline schematic diagram of drink cooling device.
Fig. 3 is the low-temperature circulating pipeline schematic diagram of drink cooling device.
Fig. 4 A is the connecting tube flow path schematic diagram of drink cooling device.
Fig. 4 B is another connecting tube flow path schematic diagram of drink cooling device.
Appended drawing reference:
100 drink cooling devices
200 ontologies
210 inlets
220 delivery outlets
300 room temperature cooling slots
310 connecting tubes
400 sub-cooled slots
410 connecting tubes
500 cooling lines
510 leading portions
511 receiving ends
520 back segments
521 output ends
530 coupling sections
600 coolant liquid feed troughs
700 pre- cold traps
710 frigorific units
800 compressors
900 heat-sink units
L coolant liquid
The first motor of M1
The second motor of M2
Specific embodiment
In order to fully understand the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect, by following specific embodiments, and appended by cooperation
Attached drawing is described in detail the present invention, is described as follows:
Please with reference to Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C, drink cooling device 100 include ontology 200, room temperature cooling slot 300,
Sub-cooled slot 400, cooling line 500, coolant liquid feed trough 600 and pre- cold trap 700.The front side of ontology 200 has injection
Mouth 210 and delivery outlet 220.Inlet 210, cooling line 500, delivery outlet 220 from top to bottom sequentially connect, and keep drink automatically past
Delivery outlet 220 flows.Room temperature cooling slot 300 and sub-cooled slot 400 are set to ontology 200.Cooling line 500 includes leading portion 510
With back segment 520, and leading portion 510 and back segment 520 are respectively arranged at room temperature cooling slot 300 and sub-cooled slot 400.Leading portion 510
Comprising receiving end 511, receiving end 511 connects inlet 210 to receive drink.Back segment 520 then includes output end 521, output end
521 connection delivery outlets 220 are to export drink.In addition, cooling line 500 has coupling section 530 to connect leading portion 510 and back segment
520.In the present embodiment, in pairs, two groups of pipelines are independent of one another for inlet 210, cooling line 500, delivery outlet 220 or so.
Depending on using needs, above-mentioned pipeline may be three groups or more.Cooling line 500 can be the material of stainless steel.
Fig. 2 is painted the normal temperature circulation pipeline schematic diagram of drink cooling device 100.As shown in Fig. 2, coolant liquid feed trough 600
Positioned at the rear side of drink cooling device 100, coolant liquid feed trough 600 is via the first motor of piping connection M1, and the first motor M1 is again
Via piping connection room temperature cooling slot 300, so as to supplying coolant liquid L to room temperature cooling slot 300.It is cold in room temperature cooling slot 300
But 510 heat exchange of leading portion of liquid L and cooling line 500, and coolant liquid supply is back to by the other side of room temperature cooling slot 300
Slot 600.In one embodiment, coolant liquid L can be water.
Fig. 3 is painted the low-temperature circulating pipeline schematic diagram of drink cooling device 100.Pre- cold trap 700 is located at drink cooling device
100 front side, and the temperature to reduce coolant liquid L.Pre- cold trap 700 is via the second motor of piping connection M2, the second motor M2
Again via piping connection sub-cooled slot 400, so as to the coolant liquid L after cooling down to the supply of sub-cooled slot 400.In sub-cooled
In slot 400,520 heat exchange of back segment of coolant liquid L and cooling line 500, and be back to by the other side of sub-cooled slot 400 pre-
Cold trap 700.
As shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 C, drink cooling device 100 reaches cooling by compressor 800 and heat-sink unit 900
Purpose.It specifically, include frigorific unit 710 in pre- cold trap 700, frigorific unit 710 is compressed for being soaked in coolant liquid L
Machine 800 has the condensation end connecting with frigorific unit 710, so as to frigorific unit 710 is maintained low-temperature condition.Heat-sink unit
900 connect compressors 800 are dissipated thermal energy with absorbing thermal energy outward.The material of frigorific unit 710 and heat-sink unit 900
It can be copper, system that but not limited to this.
Specifically, the method for reducing the temperature of coolant liquid L is various, and above-mentioned compressor 800 and heat-sink unit
900 be only one of citing.Therefore, the example above is only needed for illustrating the operation principles of drink cooling device 100, not answer
It is considered as the necessary limitation of present embodiment.In addition, the refrigeration of compressor 800, pyrogenicity are known skill, therefore are not described in detail herein
The technical principle of compressor 800 and its condensation end.
In addition, in order to adapt to the drink of different temperatures, drink cooling device 100 can wear coolant liquid feed trough using pipeline
600 or pre- cold trap 700, so as to achieving the effect that autobalance temperature.By taking Fig. 4 A as an example, connecting tube 410 connects sub-cooled slot
400, and the flow path of connecting tube 410 first flows through coolant liquid feed trough 600, is back to pre- cold trap 700 again thereafter.In coolant liquid
In feed trough 600, the coolant liquid L inside and outside connecting tube 410 is able to carry out heat exchange, so as to reduction room temperature cooling slot 300 and low temperature
The temperature difference of cooling bath 400.
Similarly, drink cooling device 100 can also be used the form that wears of Fig. 4 B, that is, to connect room temperature cold for connecting tube 310
But slot 300, and connecting tube 310 first flows through pre- cold trap 700, is back to coolant liquid feed trough 600 again thereafter.Pass through above-mentioned Fig. 4 A
With any set-up mode of Fig. 4 B, the coolant liquid L in room temperature cooling slot 300 and sub-cooled slot 400 can carry out appropriate heat
Exchange enables drink cooling device 100 stablize and plays the cooling function of two-period form.
By above embodiment it is found that drink cooling device of the invention by the coolant system of two groups of different temperatures come
It reduces drink temperature and avoids high temperature drink from directly contacting the coolant liquid of extremely low temperature by the mechanism of reducing temperature twice.
Whereby, the present invention can also prevent the heat exchange of drink and coolant liquid excessively while drink temperature is effectively reduced
Acutely, the additional energy of compressor can not only be reduced, also can avoid stress rupture problem caused by thermal shock.Also, due to
The present invention uses the gradual type of cooling, so that cooling action time is extended, therefore drink cooling device is without the use of
The coolant liquid of extremely low temperature is equally reached ideal cooling effect.Accordingly, the present invention can effectively solve the cooling dress of common drink
The drink set freezes problem.
The present invention has hereinbefore been disclosed with preferred embodiment, however it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the reality
It applies example to be only used for describing the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It should be noted that all and embodiment
Equivalent variation and displacement should all be set as covering within the scope of the invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is when with right
It is required that subject to the content defined.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of drink cooling device, which is characterized in that the drink cooling device includes:
Ontology;
Room temperature cooling slot is set to the ontology;
Sub-cooled slot is set to the ontology;And
Cooling line, the cooling line includes:
Leading portion is set in the room temperature cooling slot, and the leading portion has receiving end to receive drink;And back segment, it is set to described
In sub-cooled slot and it is connected to the leading portion, the back segment has output end to export drink;
Coolant liquid feed trough connects the room temperature cooling slot and supplies coolant liquid;And
Pre- cold trap, to the cooling coolant liquid, the pre- cold trap connects the sub-cooled slot to supply the coolant liquid.
2. drink cooling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Connecting tube, both ends connect the sub-cooled slot and the pre- cold trap, and the connecting tube is arranged in the cooling
Liquid feed trough.
3. drink cooling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Connecting tube, both ends connect the room temperature cooling slot and the coolant liquid feed trough, and the connecting tube is arranged in institute
State pre- cold trap.
4. drink cooling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cooling line is stainless steel material.
5. drink cooling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pre- cold trap further includes frigorific unit,
For being soaked in the coolant liquid.
6. drink cooling device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the frigorific unit is copper material.
7. drink cooling device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include:
Compressor, with condensation end, the condensation end connects the frigorific unit.
8. drink cooling device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include:
Heat-sink unit, connects the compressor, and the heat-sink unit absorbs the thermal energy of the compressor and dissipates outward.
9. drink cooling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coolant liquid is water.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW107113350A TWI642362B (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | Drink cooling device |
TW107113350 | 2018-04-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110388787A true CN110388787A (en) | 2019-10-29 |
Family
ID=65431491
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811316956.7A Pending CN110388787A (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-07 | Drink cooling device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110388787A (en) |
TW (1) | TWI642362B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111012182A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 张文丞 | Full-automatic direct-cooling type beverage vending machine |
CN111481055A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-08-04 | 张文丞 | Beverage maker |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI738603B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-09-01 | 廣騰冷凍科技有限公司 | Drink cooling device |
TR2021014529A2 (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-10-21 | Inventia Teknoloji Ueruenleri Aras Gelis San Ve Tic A S | QUICK COOLING DEVICE FOR BEVERAGES |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103370586A (en) * | 2011-03-06 | 2013-10-23 | 泰克斯机电株式会社 | Beverage cooling device |
CN104344680A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-02-11 | 曹治猛 | Quick cooler for liquid drink |
US20160265827A1 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | Cleland Sales Corporation | Temperature-controlled beverage dispenser |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6342770B2 (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2018-06-13 | ホシザキ株式会社 | Beverage cooler |
CN205082609U (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-03-16 | 谢郑成 | Pasteurization jar |
TWM519729U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-01 | Guen Lung Tuan Co Ltd | The beverages cooling apparatus |
TWM563532U (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-07-11 | 廣騰冷凍科技有限公司 | Beverage cooling device |
-
2018
- 2018-04-19 TW TW107113350A patent/TWI642362B/en active
- 2018-11-07 CN CN201811316956.7A patent/CN110388787A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160265827A1 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | Cleland Sales Corporation | Temperature-controlled beverage dispenser |
CN103370586A (en) * | 2011-03-06 | 2013-10-23 | 泰克斯机电株式会社 | Beverage cooling device |
CN104344680A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-02-11 | 曹治猛 | Quick cooler for liquid drink |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
园村光雄等: "《农业机械学》", 31 July 1970, 科学图书股份有限公司 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111012182A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 张文丞 | Full-automatic direct-cooling type beverage vending machine |
CN111481055A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-08-04 | 张文丞 | Beverage maker |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI642362B (en) | 2018-12-01 |
TW201943338A (en) | 2019-11-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110388787A (en) | Drink cooling device | |
EP3214355B1 (en) | Cooling of a supply pipe in a hydrogen refueling system | |
CN105704989B (en) | Server cabinet with liquid cooling system | |
US6640561B2 (en) | Chilling unit with “free-cooling”, designed to operate also with variable flow rate; system and process | |
US10161665B2 (en) | Refrigerator cooling system having secondary cooling loop | |
WO2015071460A2 (en) | System for cooling a cabinet | |
US20060075761A1 (en) | Apparatus for cooled or heated on demand drinking water and process for making same | |
RU2018121218A (en) | MAGNETIC RESONANCE RESEARCH SYSTEM WITH LIQUID COOLING UNIT | |
CN102589220B (en) | Instant ice-making air-cooling ice slurry system and ice-making method | |
US8925345B2 (en) | Secondary coolant finned coil | |
CN207797285U (en) | A kind of emergent refrigeration system of data center | |
CN102914087A (en) | Heat exchange system of refrigerating unit | |
TWM563532U (en) | Beverage cooling device | |
CN213564311U (en) | Multi-temperature water chilling unit | |
CN211715288U (en) | Cold platform operating system of central authorities' section | |
CN208995589U (en) | A kind of coating machine recirculating cooling water system | |
GB2509515A (en) | Milk cooling system | |
CN209978261U (en) | High-efficient ice storage system based on ethylene glycol solution | |
CN211977360U (en) | External expansion condensing device for refrigerator unit | |
CN110200504A (en) | A kind of thermoacoustic type hot-cold water direct drinking machine | |
CN108133919B (en) | Closed loop liquid cooling device and electronic equipment using same | |
CN206531313U (en) | A kind of multichannel is pumped out and multichannel oil return type oil cooling system | |
CN209386453U (en) | The refrigerating plant of cooling supply in ice-reserving | |
CN207081267U (en) | A kind of refrigeration system applied to power plant's pumped vacuum systems | |
CN207865817U (en) | A kind of refrigerator body plank of high-low temperature resistant |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20191029 |