CN110388198B - Method for collecting heat energy of dry hot rock by using single well - Google Patents
Method for collecting heat energy of dry hot rock by using single well Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 clays Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for collecting heat energy of hot dry rock by using a single well, which comprises the following steps: s1, drilling at least one well, and continuing to drill more than 500m after drilling into a target layer in the well; s2, establishing a three-dimensional stress distribution rule in a certain range of the well; s3, acquiring a stress field and rock mechanical properties according to the three-dimensional stress distribution, calculating the relation between the amount of required explosive and the blasting volume, and calculating the interval distance and direction of the perforation; s4, loading explosives into the perforation, blasting along the main stress direction of the stratum to form cracks perpendicular to the well in the stratum, wherein the cracks are communicated with each other; and S5, carrying out secondary drilling on the target stratum, and putting a pump into the well to realize the collection of heat energy. The method is a high-efficiency, simple and complete hot dry rock heat energy exploitation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy exploitation, in particular to a method for collecting heat energy of hot dry rock by using a single well.
Background
The geothermal energy is clean, stable, safe and efficient renewable energy, and particularly has huge and widely distributed deep dry hot rock resources. The key technology of the development of the dry hot rock is fracturing and collecting the dry hot rock, and the purpose of the fracturing of the dry hot rock is to improve the permeability of the rock so that the underground heat exchanger has a larger heat exchange area. The commonly used methods are artificial hydraulic fracturing and chemical fracturing, i.e. by injecting a volume of water, the high pressure causes the rock fractures to open, extend and intersect to form a connected fracture network, similar to natural geothermal heat storage reservoirs. The traditional geothermal enhanced hydraulic fracturing method is mainly characterized in that the area is increased on a plane, but the extension and communication of cracks are difficult to control due to the situation of a field in-situ ground stress field on the plane and the condition of a pre-existing crack system. The economic benefit is not obvious due to the fact that the number of the related wells on the plane is large. Therefore, the traditional fracturing and collecting method cannot be effectively popularized and applied at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems that extension and communication of cracks are difficult to control and economic benefits are not obvious in the hydraulic fracturing method for exploiting the hot dry rock, the invention provides a method for collecting the heat energy of the hot dry rock by using a single well.
A method of harvesting hot dry rock thermal energy using a single well, comprising:
s1, drilling at least one well, and continuing to drill more than 500m after drilling into a target layer in the well;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional stress distribution rule in a certain range of the well;
s3, acquiring a stress field and rock mechanical properties according to the three-dimensional stress distribution, calculating the relation between the amount of required explosive and the blasting volume, and calculating the interval distance and direction of the perforation;
s4, loading explosives into the perforation, blasting along the main stress direction of the stratum to form cracks perpendicular to the well in the stratum, wherein the cracks are communicated with each other;
and S5, carrying out secondary drilling on the target stratum, and putting a pump into the well to realize the collection of heat energy.
In some example implementations, the three-dimensional stress distribution law includes a stress distribution perpendicular to the well.
In some example embodiments, loading the explosive into the perforation comprises the steps of:
each charge is pushed into the perforations in a pulsed manner corresponding to the same location and in the same direction as each perforation, depending on the orientation and location of the perforation.
In some example embodiments, the blasting is performed by electromagnetically stimulating the detonating explosive.
In some example embodiments, drilling 500-.
In some example embodiments, the amount of explosive required is related to the shot volume by: q ═ qV;
wherein Q represents the explosive quantity kg of blasting, and is the unit consumption kg/m of standard throwing blasting explosive3(ii) a V is the blasting volume m3。
In some example embodiments, the perforations are spaced apart a distance 1.5-2 times the length of the fracture, and the direction of the perforations is the direction of least principal stress perpendicular to the well.
In some example embodiments, the certain range is a circle with a radius of 2m centered at the center of the well.
In some example embodiments, the establishing a three-dimensional stress distribution includes the following steps:
and establishing three-dimensional stress distribution by underground stress measurement, imaging logging and mechanical experiments and combining with a ground structure background.
Compared with hydraulic fracturing, the method has the advantages that extension and communication of the cracks are difficult to control, the method calculates the relation between explosive quantity and blasting volume required by blasting and the interval and direction of perforation according to the stress field and rock mechanical properties obtained by three-dimensional stress distribution by establishing three-dimensional stress distribution, blasting and fracturing are carried out on the reservoir layer to form a plurality of cracks vertical to the well, extension of the cracks can be controlled, and the cracks are communicated with one another. Compared with the method that multiple wells need to be mined in hydraulic fracturing, the method can inject cold water into a single well and collect hot water in the single well on the basis of blasting modification, and can greatly reduce the production cost. In the same volume, the heat exchange area required on the plane is converted into the heat conversion area communicated in the vertical direction, thereby achieving the aims of heat reservoir transformation and full heat energy absorption. In addition, the method is a high-efficiency, simple and complete hot dry rock heat energy mining method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for collecting dry and hot rock heat energy by using a single well according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fractured directional perforating blasting of a stratum according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of single well heat energy collection disclosed by the invention;
description of reference numerals:
wherein, 1 well, 2 perforations, 3 cracks.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As used herein, the term "well" refers to a hole that opens into a subterranean formation, typically for the production of fluids or gases from the formation. The well may comprise a single wellbore, or may have multiple wellbores that are bifurcated. As used herein, a multilateral well is a well having a number of lateral wellbores drilled from one or more main wellbores. The well may be of any type including, but not limited to, a production well, an experimental well, an exploration well, and the like.
As used herein, the term "formation" refers to any limited subterranean region. The formation may contain one or more rock layers, overburden, or underburden that include hydrocarbons. An "overburden" or an "underburden" is geological material above or below a formation of interest. For example, an overburden or an underburden may include rock, shale, mudstone, or other types of sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic rocks. The formation also includes a layer of hot dry rock for producing geothermal energy.
As used herein, the term "reservoir" refers to a subterranean formation from which production fluids may be harvested. The rock formations may include granite, silica, carbonates, clays, and organic materials such as oil, gas, or coal, among others. The thickness of the reservoir may vary from less than 1 foot (0.3048m) to hundreds of feet (hundreds of m). The permeability of the reservoir provides the potential for production. As used herein, a reservoir may also include a layer of hot dry rock for geothermal energy production.
As used herein, the term "fracture" is a crack or fracture plane in rock that is unrelated to the leaf or fracture in metamorphic rock along which there is minimal movement. Fractures having lateral displacements therealong may be referred to as faults. When the fractured walls move only orthogonally to each other, the fracture may be referred to as a joint. Fracturing can greatly enhance the permeability of rock by connecting pores together, and for this reason, to increase fluid flow, seams and faults can be mechanically induced in some reservoirs.
As used herein, the term "fracture" refers to a fracture in which the rock is fractured by diagenesis or tectonic action, with no significant relative displacement of the rock on either side of the fracture along the fracture plane, or with only a slight amount of displacement.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for collecting thermal energy of hot dry rock using a single well includes:
s1, drilling at least one well, and continuing to drill more than 500m after drilling into a target layer in the well;
in a preferred embodiment, the drilling depth can be adjusted to suit the situation by drilling a well 1 into the earth formation and drilling 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000m or more than 1000m after drilling the well 1 into the target zone.
S2, establishing a three-dimensional stress distribution rule in a certain range of the well;
after drilling is finished, a three-dimensional stress distribution rule is established through software in a certain range of the well 1, wherein the certain range is a circle with the center of the well as the center of the circle and the radius of 2 m. The three-dimensional stress distribution rule is established by means of underground stress measurement, imaging logging, mechanical test and the like and combining with a ground construction background.
In a preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional stress distribution law comprises a stress distribution perpendicular to the well.
S3, acquiring a stress field and rock mechanical properties according to the three-dimensional stress distribution, calculating the relation between the amount of required explosive and the blasting volume, and calculating the interval distance and direction of the perforation;
after drilling and cementing, a layer of casing and cement sheath is arranged between the well and the stratum, the casing and the cement sheath penetrate through the well, the reservoir is opened, a pore channel, namely a perforation, is generated in the rock mass, and the communication between the stratum and the shaft is established.
In a preferred embodiment, the amount of explosive required is calculated in relation to the shot volume to create a controlled volume, particularly vertical propagation, to allow vertical fractures around the well to communicate to create a vertical channel. The amount of explosive required is related to the shot volume by: q ═ qV;
wherein Q represents the explosive quantity kg of blasting, and is the unit consumption kg/m of standard throwing blasting explosive3(ii) a V is the blasting volume m3。
The perforations 2 are spaced apart by a distance of 1.5-2 times the length of the fracture, and are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the direction of least principal stress of the well, so that network fractures can be created to the maximum extent. In this embodiment, the oriented, spaced perforations 2 are provided to allow communication between vertical fractures created by explosive blasts between two adjacent perforations.
S4, loading explosives into the perforation, blasting along the main stress direction of the stratum to form cracks 3 which are vertical to the well in the stratum, and enabling the cracks 3 to be communicated with each other, wherein the reference is made in figure 2;
in a preferred embodiment, loading the explosive charge into the perforation 2 comprises the steps of:
each charge is pushed into the perforations in a pulsed manner corresponding to the same location and in the same direction as each perforation 2, depending on the orientation and location of the perforations 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the blasting is carried out by electromagnetically initiating detonation of the explosive charge. In other preferred embodiments, the explosive may also be detonated using techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
And S5, carrying out secondary drilling on the target stratum, and putting a pump into the well to realize the collection of heat energy.
When the fracturing blasting is finished, the heat energy contact area of one well hole is enlarged to more than 10 times, and the existing well wall is damaged during the blasting, so that the target layer and the well hole need to be drilled for the second time. Referring to fig. 3, after drilling is completed, a water pump is placed at the bottom of the well, cold water is injected into the well, flows into the vertical crack 3 through the well, and hot water is pumped into the ground surface by the water pump at the bottom of the well after sufficient heat exchange heating.
Compared with hydraulic fracturing, the method has the advantages that extension and communication of the cracks are difficult to control, the method calculates the relation between explosive quantity and blasting volume required by blasting and the interval and direction of perforation according to the stress field and rock mechanical properties obtained by three-dimensional stress distribution by establishing three-dimensional stress distribution, blasting and fracturing are carried out on the reservoir layer to form a plurality of cracks vertical to the well, extension of the cracks can be controlled, and the cracks are communicated with one another. Compared with the method that multiple wells need to be mined in hydraulic fracturing, the method can inject cold water into a single well and collect hot water in the single well on the basis of blasting modification, and can greatly reduce the production cost. In the same volume, the heat exchange area required on the plane is converted into the heat conversion area communicated in the vertical direction, thereby achieving the aims of heat reservoir transformation and full heat energy absorption. In addition, the method is a high-efficiency, simple and complete hot dry rock heat energy mining method.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for collecting the heat energy of hot dry rock by using a single well is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, drilling at least one well, and continuing to drill more than 500m after drilling into a target layer in the well;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional stress distribution rule in a certain range of the well; wherein the certain range is a circle with the center of the well as the center of a circle and the radius of 2 m;
s3, obtaining a stress field and rock mechanical properties according to the three-dimensional stress distribution rule, calculating the relation between the amount of required explosive and the blasting volume, and calculating the interval distance and the direction of the perforation; after drilling and cementing, a layer of casing and a cement sheath are arranged between the well and the stratum, the casing and the cement sheath penetrate through the well and the stratum, the reservoir is opened, a pore canal, namely a perforation, is generated in a rock body, and the communication between the stratum and the shaft is established;
s4, loading explosives into the perforation, blasting along the main stress direction of the stratum to form cracks perpendicular to the well in the stratum, wherein the cracks are communicated with each other; wherein the interval distance of the perforation is 1.5-2 times of the fracture length, and the direction of the perforation is the direction perpendicular to the minimum principal stress of the well;
s5, carrying out secondary drilling on the target stratum, and putting a pump into the well to realize the collection of heat energy; when fracturing blasting is finished, secondary drilling is carried out on the target layer and the well, after drilling is finished, the water suction pump is placed into the bottom of the well, cold water is injected into the well, the cold water flows into the vertical crack through the well, the water is heated through sufficient heat exchange, and hot water is pumped into the ground surface by the water suction pump at the bottom of the well.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional stress distribution law comprises a stress distribution perpendicular to the well.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein loading the explosive charge into the perforation comprises the steps of:
each charge is pushed into the perforations in a pulsed manner corresponding to the same location and in the same direction as each perforation, depending on the orientation and location of the perforation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein blasting is performed by electromagnetically stimulating detonation of the explosive charge.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein drilling of the well continues for 500-1000m after the drilling of the target formation in the well.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of explosive required is related to the shot volume by: q ═ qV;
wherein Q represents the explosive quantity kg of blasting, and is the unit consumption kg/m of standard throwing blasting explosive3(ii) a V is the blasting volume m3。
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the establishing a three-dimensional stress profile comprises the steps of:
and establishing three-dimensional stress distribution by underground stress measurement, imaging logging and mechanical experiments and combining with a ground structure background.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4633951A (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1987-01-06 | Mt. Moriah Trust | Well treating method for stimulating recovery of fluids |
| CN103939077A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-23 | 山东科技大学 | Perforation fracturing permeability-improvement method for high-stress low-porosity coal seam |
| CN105443102A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well layer blast crack body modeling method |
| CN108362180A (en) * | 2018-01-27 | 2018-08-03 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | A kind of surge wave means of defence of armored concrete water-retaining cofferdam antiseepage stake demolition blasting |
| CN109505577A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆科技学院 | Hot dry rock recovery method |
-
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- 2019-05-31 CN CN201910472432.5A patent/CN110388198B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4633951A (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1987-01-06 | Mt. Moriah Trust | Well treating method for stimulating recovery of fluids |
| CN103939077A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-23 | 山东科技大学 | Perforation fracturing permeability-improvement method for high-stress low-porosity coal seam |
| CN105443102A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well layer blast crack body modeling method |
| CN108362180A (en) * | 2018-01-27 | 2018-08-03 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | A kind of surge wave means of defence of armored concrete water-retaining cofferdam antiseepage stake demolition blasting |
| CN109505577A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆科技学院 | Hot dry rock recovery method |
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