CN110379271A - Probe into the instrument and operating method of burning condition experiment - Google Patents
Probe into the instrument and operating method of burning condition experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110379271A CN110379271A CN201910756407.XA CN201910756407A CN110379271A CN 110379271 A CN110379271 A CN 110379271A CN 201910756407 A CN201910756407 A CN 201910756407A CN 110379271 A CN110379271 A CN 110379271A
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/24—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for chemistry
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Abstract
The instrument and operating method for probing into burning condition experiment are related to probing into the teaching aid and operating method of burning condition experiment in a kind of experiment of junior middle school chemistry.Existing experiment has inconvenient, security risk and pollutes the defect of environment.In order to overcome disadvantages described above the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that special teaching aid construction and corresponding Examination on experimental operation.The teaching aid is that will have in mouth conical flask (tool mouth is in lower section) one large beaker of insertion, and tool mouth flask fixes respectively up and down with large beaker to be connect.The operating method is that drug is all put into conical flask, and control hot water is added in different vessels (large beaker inside or conical flask inside), achievees the purpose that allow in hot water white phosphorus to contact with air by tool mouth export hot water.Sodium hydroxide solution is imported by tool mouth, thoroughly to absorb tail gas.The present invention not only realizes easy to operate, safety and environmental protection, but also thoroughly absorbs tail gas, has filled up blank of the prior art in terms of thoroughly removing tail gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of teaching aids and Examination on experimental operation for probing into burning condition experiment.
Background technique
The experiment is that people teaches the burning of the 7th unit project 1 of the version chemistry ninth grade first volume and probes into the interior of burning condition in putting out a fire
Hold.Although the mentality of designing of teaching material experiment is very clear, teachers have found it in teaching aid use and method in actual operation
There are many defects in design.It is very inconvenient to be operated first, and the white phosphorus into hot water is passed through the operation need (as shown in Figure 2) of oxygen
It wants to prepare oxygen on classroom, this needs to consume longer time.Secondly there are biggish security risk, white phosphorus burning is held on copper sheet
Easily there is the white phosphorus that ignite also to be blazed up (as shown in Figure 1) so as to cause other end red phosphorus into splashing, this is not only disturbed just
Normal experimental phenomena and be breakneck.Experiment above is carried out in open environment again, and white phosphorus burning generates a large amount of
White cigarette can cause environmental pollution, and have very big harm to the health of student.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome present on existing teaching aid and scheme it is inconvenient, there are security risk and environment is caused greatly
This three point defect is polluted, the present invention is based on experimental provision is changed to enclosed system by opening wide system on the basis of teaching material experimental principle
And designing and producing a kind of obturator for being specially adapted for the experiment --- the tool mouth conical flask with a set of cups is same as teaching aid
When devise corresponding Examination on experimental operation.The invention is not only easy to operate but also safety and environmental protection.
The present invention adopts the technical scheme that special teaching aid construction and corresponding experimental implementation side in order to solve the technical problem
Method.
Teaching aid is introduced first, this teaching aid is from the appearance that a conical flask is put in a large beaker.In fact three
Angle flask is that bottom is vacantly embedded in inside beaker.Connect after the two short glass bar meltings in the top of flask with large beaker inner wall
It connects to play the purpose of fixed triangle flask.Flask selection is that have mouth in the tool mouth conical flask of bottom.Conical flask
Tool mouth is communicated with the outside world across walls of beaker, is successively arranged after the glass bar melting short with two at the same horizontal position with tool mouth
It connect to play the purpose of fixed triangle flask with large beaker inner wall.The tool mouth being exposed point connected with rubber tube and
A tongs are pressed from both sides on rubber tube.Have single hole rubber stopper (rubber stopper glass tube end of the mouth conical flask bottleneck with glass tube
There is a balloon in end system) stopper (such as Figure 10,11 and 12).Rubber stopper with balloon realizes device sealing.Beaker and tool mouth triangle
The ingenious combination of flask not only realizes teaching aid integration, it is often more important that the special tectonic and ingenious application for having mouth greatly simplify
Experimental implementation, while also achieving the purpose that tail gas is thoroughly removed in closed environment.
The principle of the experiment is first briefly introduced before introducing Examination on experimental operation, two groups of comparisons of the project application are visited
Study carefully the condition for obtaining burning.
First group of comparison allows white phosphorus and red phosphorus to contact respectively with oxygen, allows white phosphorus to reach ignition point in temperature control, and red
Ignition point is not achieved in phosphorus.White phosphorus blazes up quickly and red phosphorus does not burn, this group of comparative illustration burning, which needs to meet temperature, to be reached
To the condition of combustible ignition point.
Second group of comparison all uses the lower white phosphorus of ignition point to test, their temperature is allowed all to reach ignition point.But oxygen
Gas aspect one contacts another with oxygen and does not contact with oxygen.The white phosphorus contacted quickly with oxygen blazes up, and not with oxygen
The white phosphorus of gas contact does not burn.This group of comparative illustration burning needs to meet the condition that combustible is contacted with oxygen.
The conclusion of comprehensive two groups of comparisons is it can be concluded that the condition of burning is that combustible is contacted with oxygen and temperature reaches kindling
Point.
I compares (as shown in Figure 3) using three tool mouth conical flasks with a set of cups presented hereinbefore based on the above principles
And by the operational design of this experiment be following three links.(prompt: the ignition point of white phosphorus is 40 DEG C or so, the ignition point of red phosphorus
It is 240 DEG C or so)
Link one: in order to prove that burning needs to reach the condition of combustible ignition point, I puts a fritter white phosphorus in bottle 1,
A fritter red phosphorus is put in bottle 2.Respectively in the outer layer a set of cups of bottle 1 and bottle 2 plus appropriate hot water.In order to prove that burning needs combustible
The condition contacted with oxygen, I, which takes directly to have to bottle 3, adds appropriate hot water in mouth flask, and a fritter white phosphorus is taken to put in the hot water simultaneously
Guarantee that white phosphorus is totally submerged in the hot water.(as shown in Figure 4) is compareed with the white phosphorus of previous step bottle 1.A moment later it can be seen that
White phosphorus in bottle 1 burns and the white phosphorus in the white phosphorus in bottle 2 and bottle 3 does not burn (as shown in Figure 5).Pass through the white phosphorus in bottle 1
Burning and the incombustible comparative illustration burning of red phosphorus in bottle 2 need to reach the ignition point of combustible.It is burnt by the white phosphorus of bottle 1
And the white phosphorus of bottle 3 does not burn and illustrates that burning needs combustible to contact with oxygen.
Link two: in order to further prove the condition for needing combustible to contact with oxygen of burning, bottle 3 is had in mouth flask
Hot water pours out (as shown in Figure 6), it can be seen that original unburned white phosphorus reaches ignition point in temperature and contacts with oxygen in bottle 3
Blaze up (as shown in Figure 7) immediately afterwards.Prove that burning needs combustible to contact with oxygen again.
Link three: preventing from polluting to absorb tail gas, and preprepared sodium hydroxide solution is transferred to bottle 3 and has mouth burning
It (as shown in Figure 8) and is sufficiently vibrated in bottle, the white cigarette in flask thoroughly absorbs (as shown in Figure 9) by lye, and bottle 1 is also done similarly
Processing.
The invention has the advantages that experiment is compared under closed environment simultaneously with three devices respectively, it is not only real
Show easy to operate, safety and environmental protection, and thoroughly absorbed tail gas, fills up sky of the prior art in terms of thoroughly removing tail gas
It is white.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the first step of teaching material experiment to prove that burning needs temperature to reach ignition point, teaching material respectively red phosphorus and
White phosphorus is placed in the both ends of scale copper, and scale copper is placed in the large beaker for filling 80 DEG C or so hot water；In order to prove that burning needs
Combustible is wanted to contact with oxygen, Selection of Teaching Materials is compared with the white phosphorus in the white phosphorus and hot water on copper sheet.
In Fig. 1,1-1 white phosphorus, 1-2 red phosphorus, 1-3 hot water.
Fig. 2 is that the second step of teaching material experiment needs combustible to contact with oxygen in order to further illustrate burning, and teaching material uses
Oxygen is prepared in situ, the oxygen of generation is directly toward the white phosphorus in hot water and is led to.
In Fig. 2,2-1 white phosphorus, 2-2 hot water, 2-3 oxygen.
Fig. 3 is the display diagram of invention teaching aid.
A fritter white phosphorus is respectively added into bottle 1 and bottle 3 by Fig. 4, and wherein the white phosphorus submergence of bottle 3 in the hot water, is added one in bottle 2
Fritter red phosphorus.
White phosphorus burning in Fig. 5 bottle 1, and the white phosphorus in the red phosphorus and bottle 3 in bottle 2 does not burn.
Hot water in bottle 3 is transferred in an empty tool mouth flask by Fig. 6.
The white phosphorus that ignition point is had reached in Fig. 7 bottle 3 blazes up immediately when contacting with air.
Preprepared sodium hydroxide solution is transferred in bottle 3 by Fig. 8.
Chemical reaction occurs for Fig. 9 sodium hydroxide solution and white cigarette phosphorus pentoxide to thoroughly sponge phosphorus pentoxide.
In Fig. 3-Fig. 9, the inside institute containing medicines that bottle number is 1 and 3 are all white phosphorus, the dress red phosphorus that number is 2.
Figure 10 is the top view of device.
Figure 11 is the front elevation panorama sketch of device.
Figure 12 is the positive bottom graph of device.
Specific embodiment
Link one: one small red phosphorus and white phosphorus are individually placed in tool mouth conical flask with the rubber with balloon by the first step
Rubber plug, which stoppers two conical flasks, guarantees that red phosphorus and white phosphorus are all contacted with air and will not be caused to air in closed container
Pollution.Second step separately takes a tool mouth conical flask to appropriate hot water is added in flask, and puts a fritter white phosphorus in the hot water, makes
White phosphorus is immersed in below hot water, and such white phosphorus is not just contacted with air.Third step is respectively to the glass of 2 outer layer of flask 1 and flask
Water is heated in a set of cups, and the hot water in a set of cups is made to submerge conical flask middle and lower part (as shown in Figure 4).It can be observed that white in flask 1
Phosphorus blazes up quickly, and the white phosphorus in the red phosphorus and flask 3 in flask 2 does not burn (as shown in Figure 5).
Test points for attention:
1. testing institute's apparatus mouth flask volume is 250mL, tool mouth must facilitate the operation of link below in lower section.
2. the amount of taking of drug red phosphorus and white phosphorus is all that mung bean grain size is advisable.
3. the amount that hot water is added in flask 3 can just submerge white phosphorus, too many water is not added.
Link two: having the tongs at mouth rubber tube for flask 3 and open, while the rubber stopper above flask being removed, will
Flask 3, which tilts, makes the hot water of the inside slowly flow out (as shown in Figure 6) along rubber tube, when the water surface is down in flask 3 below white phosphorus,
Original incombustible white phosphorus contacts (such as Fig. 7 that therefore blazes up since temperature has reached ignition point with air again simultaneously in flask 3
It is shown).Demonstrate again that burning needs that combustible is contacted with oxygen and temperature reaches ignition point by this experiment.
Test points for attention:
1. having to remove the rubber stopper of bottle 3 when the hot water of flask 3 is shifted in advance, otherwise hot water is not easy to flow out.
2. the container for accepting hot water should select an empty tool mouth in the flask of lower section, so that transfer hot water side
Just do not have to flask 3 lifting get Tai Gao, if selecting the container of beaker one kind due to needing to lift very by flask 3 when transfer hot water
Height, white phosphorus, which once blazes up, to be escaped since people operation cannot stopper bottle stopper in time and will lead to white cigarette and pollutes air.
3. (white phosphorus is allowed to have in the hot water it is noted that guarantee that white phosphorus submerges always before hot water emptying when toppling over hot water
Beside mouthpiece), once because white phosphorus ingress of air can burn at once before hot water does not empty, at this time if stoppering plug immediately
Meeting so that hot water can not continue to be discharged in bottle, by water when flask Founder can submerge again white phosphorus make combustion phenomena very of short duration without
Obviously, and white phosphorus burning generates if not stoppering continues water discharge white cigarette can escape bottle pollution air quickly.This
The operation of one step is most critical.
4. the hot water in flask 3 will be pinched off the tongs of flask 3 and accept the tool mouth flask of hot water after emptying
Tongs, the hot water outflow for preventing the white cigarette in flask 3 from escaping and being transferred out of are spread across on experimental bench.
Link three: after the white phosphorus burning in flask 3 terminates and device is cooling, rubber tube is filled into sodium hydroxide with prior
The rubber tube of another brace mouth flask of solution connects, and opens tongs, since the white phosphorus burning in flask 3 consumes in bottle
Oxygen reduce air pressure, open the bottle stopper for filling the flask of sodium hydroxide solution, it can be seen that sodium hydroxide is molten
Liquid slowly flowed into along rubber tube flask 3 (Such asShown in Fig. 8).After sodium hydroxide solution is transferred completely into flask 3, flask is clamped
3 rubber tube, oscillation flask 3 make sodium hydroxide solution and white cigarette phosphorus pentoxide come into full contact with thoroughly to sponge five oxygen
Change two phosphorus, achievees the purpose that completely remove tail gas (as shown in Figure 9).Flask 1 does same processing.
Test points for attention:
1. the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 30%, volume is advisable for 150mL.
It is held 2. sodium hydroxide solution has to apparatus mouth flask, to guarantee to realize sodium hydroxide solution under closed environment
The purpose of transfer.
3. the flask bottle stopper for filling sodium hydroxide solution has to open in transfer liquid, otherwise liquid is not easy to flow out.
4. having to after the sodium hydroxide solution in tool mouth flask and in conduit is transferred completely into flask 3, first
The rubber tube of clamping flask 3, rear 3 rubber tube of flask that disconnects connect with the rubber tube for the tool mouth flask for filling sodium hydroxide solution
It connects.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of teaching aid for probing into burning condition, by supporting or holding the articles of drug or container, hold hot water in structure
Container and the device three parts for providing oxygen are composed, it is characterized in that: tool mouth conical flask (tool mouth is in lower section) insertion one
In large beaker, tool mouth flask fixes respectively up and down with large beaker to be connect.
2. tool single hole rubber stopper (rubber stopper glass of the mouth conical flask bottleneck with glass tube according to claim 1
There is a balloon in pipe end system) it stoppers.
3. tool mouth conical flask according to claim 1 bottom is vacantly embedded in large beaker.
4. the two short glass bar of tool mouth conical flask bottleneck according to claim 1 or 2 melts interior with large beaker
Wall connection.
5. it is exposed outside that tool mouth conical flask according to claim 1 or 2 tool mouth penetrates large beaker wall, with tool mouth horizontal position
The place of setting is connected with the inner wall that two short glass bars successively arrange melting and large beaker again.
6. the exposed tool mouth of mouth conical flask of having according to claim 1 or 5 point puts on rubber tube and uses sealing
Folder clamps rubber tube.
7. a kind of operating procedure and method for probing into burning condition experiment designs two experimental procedures using two groups of principle of contrast,
The first step allows red phosphorus and white phosphorus to contact respectively with air, separately takes a fritter white phosphorus to be put in hot water, is made by the heating of hot bath
White phosphorus reaches ignition point, and ignition point is not achieved in red phosphorus, and white phosphorus of the second step into hot water is passed through oxygen or air, feature
Be: drug is all put into conical flask, and control hot water is added in different vessels (inside large beaker or inside conical flask), is borrowed
It helps tool mouth export hot water or pours into sodium hydroxide solution, terminate increase in experiment and thoroughly absorb tail gas link.
8. the first step puts a fritter white phosphorus in bottle 1 according to claim 7, a fritter red phosphorus is put in bottle 2, respectively to bottle 1
Add appropriate hot water to compare in the outer layer a set of cups of bottle 2, directly has to bottle 3 and add appropriate hot water in mouth flask, take a fritter white phosphorus
It puts in the hot water and guarantees that white phosphorus is totally submerged in the hot water, compareed with the white phosphorus of bottle 1.
9. bottle 3 is had the hot water in mouth flask by tool mouth and exported by second step according to claim 7.
10. preprepared sodium hydroxide solution, which is transferred to bottle 3, by tool mouth according to third step described in claim 7 has mouth burning
It vibrates in bottle and sufficiently, bottle 1 also does same processing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910756407.XA CN110379271A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Probe into the instrument and operating method of burning condition experiment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910756407.XA CN110379271A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Probe into the instrument and operating method of burning condition experiment |
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| CN110379271A true CN110379271A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113877640A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-04 | 彭光荣 | Reactor with a reactor shell |
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| CN113877640A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-04 | 彭光荣 | Reactor with a reactor shell |
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Application publication date: 20191025 |