CN110376226A - A kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature determines method - Google Patents
A kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature determines method Download PDFInfo
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- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
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- G01N21/91—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination using penetration of dyes, e.g. fluorescent ink
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation features to determine method, including defect production, the production of structural member forging stock, test block design, test block production, the orthogonal fatigue test of rack, total focus phased array detects corresponding relationship and establishes, and CT three-dimensional reconstruction detects corresponding relationship and establishes, test block fracture analysis, structural member production, structural member defect recognition, structural member fatigue test, the detection of structural member underbead crack, structural member surface crack detection, structural member fracture analysis.The present invention solves the problems, such as the position to defect, crackle and the determination of size.Invention achieves the purposes that quantitative analysis is carried out to underbead crack, face crack internal feature, reach grasp crack propagation law, and then achieve the purpose that damage tolerance design.The method being related to has the characteristics that crack propagation feature determines that ability is strong, solves the shortcoming that existing crack propagation feature determines technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to be used to indicate or measure the technical field of characteristic, specially a kind of turbine engine rotor is split
Line extension feature determines method.
Background technique
Due to material, processing factors, have the defects that certain size (initial damage) in structure.Structure is on active service a period of time
Afterwards, the easy crack initiation of fault location, crack propagation to certain size can cause the fatigue rupture of structure.Thus, Defective structure
Service life is much smaller than low-cycle fatigue projected life.Turbogenerator severe for operating condition and that security requirement is high turns
Minor structure needs to be analyzed using damage tolerance design method On Crack Propagation process in structure design and troubleshooting analysis, from
And reach the important parameters indexs such as the reasonable time between overhaul of setting.Damage tolerance design, which refers to, assumes that there is split in component
Line, with fracture mechanics, Analysis of Fatigue Crack Growth and verification experimental verification, it was demonstrated that crackle is not before sure discovery in the case where inspecting periodically
The design method for being enough to cause to destroy can be expanded to.
Defect is often imbedded in inside configuration, and the crack propagation life after the crack propagation to body structure surface formed is shorter,
Crack propagation surface and internal feature need to be grasped.The method that existing surface crack growth surface characteristics determines is based primarily upon vortex
Flaw detection, penetrant inspection, magnetic powder inspection, precision can reach 1 microns, be well solved.Existing underbead crack
The method that extension feature, surface crack growth internal feature determine is based primarily upon ray method flaw detection, supercritical ultrasonics technology flaw detection.Ultrasonic wave
Method can more sensitively identify defect, crackle, but due to the scattering of wave, refraction action, defect, the position of crackle and size are more difficult really
It is fixed；The accurate positioning defect of x-ray method energy, but it is insensitive to the crackle of non-opening, it is difficult to identify crackle and its size；On
State propagation of internal cracks feature, surface crack growth internal feature determines that the precision of method can be up to several millimeters, even tens millimeters
More than, so that this problem still only rests in qualitative analysis.For this problem, the present invention proposes a kind of crack propagation feature
It determines method, quantitatively determines crack propagation feature, grasp entire crack propagation law, and then reach the mesh of damage tolerance design
's.
Summary of the invention
Existing method to solve to propose in above-mentioned technical background, which is not enough to reach, determines entire crack propagation feature, grasps
Crack propagation law, and then the problem of achieve the purpose that damage tolerance design, the present invention provides a kind of turbine engine rotors
Crack propagation feature determines method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature determines that method includes the following steps:
1) structural member forging stock is embedded to defect in prefabrication practice；, strain equivalence equivalent by stress, strain energy are equivalent, open
Test block design is opened up, determines test block size, defective locations and tensile load value；
2) test block comprising different defects is taken out from structural member forging stock；The test block comprising different defects is including being
Arrange the test block of deep defects containing different set and the dimensional defects containing different set；
3) carry out the fatigue test of test block, and under designated cycle number, use the detection of total focus phased array and CT Three-dimensional Gravity
Build detection identification test block defect and crackle；After crack propagation to surface, under designated cycle number, the detection of total focus phased array is carried out
Identification test block defect and crackle are detected with CT three-dimensional reconstruction, meanwhile, face crack is measured using fluorescence detection, surface replica method
Length；After test block fracture, electron-microscope scanning analysis, Metallographic Analysis are carried out to test block fracture；
4) test block defect, the testing result of crackle and fracture analysis are combined as a result, the detection of calibration total focus phased array and CT
The sensitivity of three-dimensional reconstruction detection method, and the test block pass corresponding with total focus phased array testing result for establishing different defects
System, establishes the test block of different defects and the corresponding relationship of CT three-dimensional reconstruction testing result；
5) structural member forging stock is machined out, and makes structural member；Carry out the fatigue test of structural member；It is phased to carry out total focus
Battle array detection and the detection of CT three-dimensional reconstruction；The corresponding relationship established according to testing result by step 4), calibration structure part inside lack
It falls into, the position of crackle, size；It thus, can be since the corresponding relationship that step 4) is established includes the complete crack propagation process of test block
Know the crack propagation law of structural member, predict crack propagation life, determines the face crack surface characteristics detection week of structural member
Phase.
As a preference of the present invention, in the step 5), when crackle is reached close to surface, face crack surface ruler is measured
It is very little, and applying step 4) corresponding relationship established detects face crack internal feature, and may further know crack propagation spy
Sign predicts structural member crack propagation life, determines the face crack surface characteristics detection cycle of structural member.
As a preference of the present invention, the step 1) defect is cylindrical body field trash, the cylindrical body field trash
Mechanical strength and anti-fatigue performance be weaker than structure material, the portion that structural member easily destroys is arranged in defect embedding location
Position；
Structural member forging stock is embedded to defect, the pre-setting method in prefabrication practice are as follows:
1.1) forging stock is cut in designated position；
1.2) in the designated position borehole in section；
1.3) it is implanted into cylindrical body field trash in hole, combines cut surface by hot isostatic pressing.
As a preference of the present invention, the test block of different set deep defects is thick by cutting test block in the step 2)
Degree obtains；The test block of different set dimensional defects is obtained by the prefabricated various sizes of defect of step 1).
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention program, which passes through, combines the test of mark block, structural member test, in conjunction with total focus phase
Battle array method, CT three-dimensional rebuilding method and fracture analysis are controlled, solves the problems, such as the position to defect, crackle and the determination of size.This
Invention has achieved the purpose that quantitatively determine underbead crack, face crack internal feature, reaches grasp crack propagation law,
And then achieve the purpose that damage tolerance design.The method being related to has the characteristics that crack propagation feature determines that ability is strong, with high accuracy,
Solves the shortcoming that existing crack propagation feature determines technology.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature determines method flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is test block schematic diagram.
In figure, 1. preset defects, 2. grip bolt holes, X. structural member radial direction, Y. structural member circumferential direction direction, Z. structure
Part axial direction.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature determines that method specifically includes defect production, structure
The production of part forging stock, test block design, test block production, the orthogonal fatigue test of rack, total focus phased array detect corresponding relationship and establish, CT
Three-dimensional reconstruction detects corresponding relationship and establishes, test block fracture analysis, structural member production, structural member defect recognition, the examination of structural member fatigue
It tests, the detection of structural member underbead crack, structural member surface crack detection, structural member fracture analysis.
The defect constructed in the present invention is the field trash that a kind of property is more crisp, anti-fatigue performance is weak, is a series of sizes
Cylindrical body (such as φ 0.5*0.5, φ 1.0*1.0, φ 1.5*1.5, φ 2*2).The defect is imbedded in the structural member forging stock
In, the inside of the key positions such as embedding location setting structure part centre bore, eccentric orfice, tongue-and-groove, and axial and circumferential uniform
Arrangement.
The pre-setting method are as follows: 1. cut forging stock in designated position；2. the designated position borehole in section；3. in hole
Implantation is mingled with and welds, and combines cut surface by hot isostatic pressing.
The test block design refers to that, strain equivalence equivalent by stress, strain energy are equivalent, determines test block size, defective locations,
Screwhole position and tensile load value, to reach the stress at preset defect, strain, strain energy level and its distribution and structural member
Unanimously, see Fig. 2.The test block is derived from the structural member forging stock, including make a series of defects containing different depth test block and
Make a series of test blocks containing different dimensional defects.The test block of the defect containing different depth is by cutting test block thickness come real
It is existing.
The orthogonal fatigue test of the rack refers to the low circulation tensile fatigue examination that test block is carried out on Durability Test machine
It tests.During the test, under different recurring numbers, under different detection parameters, total focus phased array, CT three-dimensional reconstruction are used
Identify test block defect.In conjunction with the fracture analysis as a result, establishing total focus phased array detection corresponding relationship and the inspection of CT three-dimensional reconstruction
The corresponding relationship of survey.When carrying out the structural member fatigue test, using the corresponding relationship, underbead crack feature is demarcated.It splits
When line is developed to surface, except measurement face crack surface characteristics, face crack internal feature is detected using the corresponding relationship.Knot
After the completion of structure fatigue test, fracture analysis is carried out.
By combining the test of mark block, structural member test, in conjunction with total focus phased array method, CT three-dimensional rebuilding method and fracture
Analysis solves the problems, such as that supercritical ultrasonics technology quantitative judge defect, the position of crackle and size determine, has reached realization crack propagation
The purpose that feature determines.
During a concrete application of the invention, crack propagation feature determine use process is as follows:
(1) statistical analysis for passing through 'historical structure part fracture, determines the type structural member typical defect size；According to statistical
Analysis is as a result, determine flaw size, φ 0.5*0.5, φ 1.0*1.0, φ 1.5*1.5, φ 2*2.
(2) statistical analysis for passing through 'historical structure part defect distribution, determines the type structural member typical defect embedding location；
(3) specified defect is embedded to by structural member forging stock designated position by preset method；
(4) by stress, equivalent, strain equivalence, strain energy are equivalent, carry out test block design, determine test block size, defective bit
It sets, screwhole position and tensile load value.
(5) test block is taken out from structural member forging stock by (4) design parameter.Wherein, structural member radial direction is as test block
Width direction (X-axis), length direction (Y-axis) of the structural member circumferential direction direction as test block, structural member axial direction is as test block
Thickness direction (Z axis).
(6) carry out the fatigue test of test block, and carry out the detection of total focus phased array and CT Three-dimensional Gravity under designated cycle number
Build detection.
(7) after crack propagation to surface, under designated cycle number, the detection of total focus phased array and the inspection of CT three-dimensional reconstruction are carried out
It surveys, meanwhile, use the length of the measurement face crack such as fluorescence detection, surface replica method.
(8) after test block fracture, electron-microscope scanning analysis, Metallographic Analysis etc. are carried out to test block fracture.
(9) test block defect, the testing result of crackle and fracture analysis are combined as a result, the detection of calibration total focus phased array and CT
The sensitivity of three-dimensional rebuilding method, and establish corresponding detection corresponding relationship.
(10) carry out the fatigue test of structural member.
(11) the detection corresponding relationship is applied, internal flaw, the position of crackle, size are demarcated.
(12) when crackle is reached close to surface, face crack surface size, and application detection corresponding relationship survey are measured
Measure face crack inside dimension.
(13) if structural member ruptures, fracture analysis is carried out, further verifying, optimizing detection corresponding relationship.
(14) if structural member does not rupture, structural member crack propagation life is predicted.
(15) terminate.
, strain equivalence equivalent by stress, strain energy are equivalent, have identical and similar defect special between structural member and test block
Property and crack propagation feature.Test block is derived from structural member, and test block includes structural member overhanging set distance near defect predeterminated position
(include defective locations) to the part of structural member and axis connection end, under identical detection mode, similar fatigue test mode,
Structural member and the testing result of test block have the equivalent relation of height.
Crackle is obtained by Defect expanding, is carried out with test, and crackle, to surface, finally will by test block and structural member internal extended
Make test block and structural part fractures；During the detection of total focus phased array and the available entire test of CT three-dimensional reconstruction detection method
Feature is detected inside underbead crack and face crack containing different defect test blocks, passes through the crack of different tests process
Obtain the crack propagation law of test block.
When structural member fatigue test, by the testing result of the fatigue test carried out, according to the correspondence having built up
Relationship, you can learn that the test block identical or close as the structural member defect.It can be equivalent according to the crack propagation law of the test block
Know the crack propagation law of structural member, and would know that the position of structural member current and initial defect, crackle, size.Root
According to the rule of crack propagation, it may be determined that the face crack surface characteristics detection cycle of structural member, or reach damage tolerance design
Purpose.The error that the equivalent relation of test block and structural member allows to have certain can be according to structural member during structural member test
Testing result find the crack propagation law of one or more immediate test block, can root the case where for multiple test blocks
The crack propagation law of structural member is known using means such as the methods for taking mean value according to the crack propagation law of multiple test blocks.Certainly,
In order to more accurate, in the case where not considering experimentation cost and test period, when test block designs, the set depth of defect and set
The variable gradient of scale cun can be as small as possible, so that more a large amount of test block is obtained, to construct more accurate equivalent relation.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature determines method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) structural member forging stock is embedded to defect in prefabrication practice, and, strain equivalence equivalent by stress, strain energy are equivalent, carries out examination
Block design, determines test block size, defective locations and tensile load value；
2) test block comprising different defects is taken out from structural member forging stock；The test block comprising different defects contains including series
The test block of different set deep defects and the dimensional defects containing different set；
3) carry out the fatigue test of test block, and under designated cycle number, examined using the detection of total focus phased array and CT three-dimensional reconstruction
Survey identification test block defect and crackle；After crack propagation to surface, under designated cycle number, the detection of total focus phased array and CT are carried out
Three-dimensional reconstruction detection identification test block defect and crackle, meanwhile, use the length of fluorescence detection, surface replica method measurement face crack
Degree；After test block fracture, electron-microscope scanning analysis, Metallographic Analysis are carried out to test block fracture；
4) test block defect, the testing result of crackle and fracture analysis are combined as a result, the detection of calibration total focus phased array and CT are three-dimensional
The sensitivity of detection method is rebuild, and establishes the test block of different defects and the corresponding relationship of total focus phased array testing result, is built
Stand the test block of different defects and the corresponding relationship of CT three-dimensional reconstruction testing result；
5) structural member forging stock is machined out, and makes structural member；Carry out the fatigue test of structural member；Carry out the inspection of total focus phased array
It surveys and CT three-dimensional reconstruction detects；The corresponding relationship established according to testing result by step 4), calibration structure part internal flaw are split
The positions and dimensions of line；Since the corresponding relationship that step 4) is established includes the complete crack propagation process of test block, can thus know
The crack propagation law of structural member predicts crack propagation life, determines the face crack surface characteristics detection cycle of structural member.
2. turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that described
In step 5), when crackle is reached close to surface, face crack surface size, and applying step 4 are measured) the corresponding relationship inspection established
Survey face crack internal feature.
3. turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that described
Step 1) the defect is cylindrical body field trash, and the mechanical strength and anti-fatigue performance of the cylindrical body field trash are weaker than structural member
The position that structural member easily destroys is arranged in material, defect embedding location；
Structural member forging stock is embedded to defect, the pre-setting method in prefabrication practice are as follows:
1.1) forging stock is cut in designated position；
1.2) in the designated position borehole in section；
1.3) it is implanted into cylindrical body field trash in hole, combines cut surface by hot isostatic pressing.
4. turbine engine rotor crack propagation feature according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that described
In step 2), the test block of different set deep defects is obtained by cutting test block thickness；The test block of different set dimensional defects by
The prefabricated various sizes of defect of step 1) obtains.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110967267A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-07 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Test method for judging fatigue crack initiation life |
| CN116773667A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-09-19 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for monitoring crack safety of rotor blade root groove of nuclear turbine |
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