CN110374906A - A kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system and method - Google Patents
A kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
- F04D25/166—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows using fans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/007—Conjoint control of two or more different functions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control systems, including wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and the wind speed and direction detector being arranged in tunnel；Axial flow blower, axial flow fan and the jet blower for being suspended on tunnel vault being set in tunnel ventilation vertical shaft；Wherein every axial flow blower installs a General Converters, every axial flow blower and jet blower are mounted on programmable controller, to a wherein programmable controller, as main website, remaining programmable controller passes through connection as slave station, between main website and slave station and connects；The data that main website detects wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector are transmitted to tunnel operation control center computer master control system by Ethernet；Master control system is equipped with the software for calculating tunnel required airflow and power of boosting and axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air-blower control power-saving technique field, in particular to a kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency optimization
Control system and method.
Background technique
With the development of highway in China carrier, the quantity and scale of long highway tunnel are all constantly increasing.So
And during long highway tunnel operation, ventilating system power consumption expense is always a very big expenditure.It is empty in vcehicular tunnel
Pollutant mainly includes particulate matter, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and oxynitrides etc. in gas, and pollutant concentration is once more than
Standard generates huge harm to human body, so tunnel internal continuously must be transported to outside air, guarantees personnel
Air quality in eupnea, traffic safety and tunnel.
Tunnel Ventilation System as defined in existing specification and conventional design mainly use the ventilation mode of longitudinal divisions formula, generally
Select powerful blower to make main ventilation equipment, and blower be one kind have a large capacity and a wide range, the great dynamic power machine of power consumption.China
The power consumption of annual blower accounts for 10% of wastage in bulk or weight or more, in electric power, steel, coal, tunnel ventilation, the power consumption of blower
Often account for 20% or more of productive power.Therefore, it should take effective measures, on the basis of good ventilation effect, save energy
Source.
However, mainly having intelligent mould applied to the control method of highway tunnel ventilation well longitudinal pressure-suction ventilation system at present
The methods of paste control and Neural Network Online Control.These methods are with CO concentration, VI concentration and vehicle flowrate three prisons in tunnel
Two in measured data are used as input variable, are output with the starting number of blower, have ignored influence tunnel ventilation environment from
The complexity of the working characteristics of the factors such as right wind, tunnel wall friction loss and blower, ventilating system considers deficiency, causes to control
Precision processed is insufficient.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the big technical problem that consumes energy present in existing draught fan group control technology in tunnel operation, the present invention
Purpose be, a kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency optimization control method and system are provided.
In order to realize that above-mentioned task, the present invention take following technical solution:
A kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system characterized by comprising
Axial flow blower, axial flow fan and the jet stream wind for being suspended on tunnel vault being set in tunnel ventilation vertical shaft
Machine；Wherein every axial flow blower installs a General Converters, and the power of the General Converters is more than or equal to axial flow blower
Shaft power；
Every axial flow blower and jet blower are mounted on programmable controller, wherein one axial flow blower of selection is penetrated
The programmable controller of flow fan is as main website, remaining programmable controller is as slave station, by logical between main website and slave station
Interrogate line connection；
The data that main website detects wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector, by with
Too net is transmitted to tunnel operation control center computer master control system；
The tunnel operation control center computer master control system be provided with calculate tunnel required airflow and boost power software and
Axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program.
The control method of above-mentioned long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system, which is characterized in that
This method calculates vehicle according to the data of wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector
Stream is under the different operating conditions such as normal, idling, congestion, the number of units and axial flow blower of the axial flow blower and jet blower that need to open
Frequency, and tunnel required airflow and boosting power are input in axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program, then root
The optimization principles that combination is opened according to axial flow blower and jet blower determine the number of units that axial flow blower or jet blower are opened,
Position and axial flow blower frequency, so that axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program pass through main website again and information passed
Each slave station is passed, axial flow blower and jet blower are carried out to open control and axial flow blower frequency modulation control；
Since road section length is different before and after tunnel ventilation vertical shaft, then required design air flow is different, calculates for convenience, according to
Tunnel is divided into two parts and calculated by direction of traffic:
(I) the n group jet blower hung at air shaft and its rear section (i.e. tunnel air draft section) to hole；
(II) the m group jet blower hung at air shaft and its front section (i.e. tunnel air-supply section) to hole；
Wherein the z platform jet blower of suspension in parallel is one group, wherein z=3.
In order to reduce tunnel ventilation operation energy consumption, it is with tunnel blower working characteristics and the factor for influencing tunnel ventilation environment
Constraint condition realizes that complicated ventilating system power is minimum by control axial flow blower frequency conversion and the unlatching group number of jet blower
Change, establishes using speed ratio k and control unlatching group number ω as the objective function of Optimal Parameters；Specifically sequentially include the following steps:
Step 1 determines the relationship between speed ratio and fan delivery using blower correspondence theorem；
Step 2 to overcome tunnel frictional resistance, and guarantees axial flow blower and jet blower work in high efficient district, blower fortune
Row with pipe system performance curve point of intersection, to determine speed ratio, fan delivery and Tunnel Design air quantity three in conjunction with step 1
Between relationship；
Step 3 establishes objective function in conjunction with fan shaft power formula according to step 2；
Step 4, determines bound for objective function, and constraint condition includes:
(1) the outlet air quantity range under tunnel environment, when axial flow blower and jet blower efficient operation；
(2) when tunnel is runed, axial flow blower speed ratio range；
(3) normal in wagon flow, idling, congestion etc. difference operating condition under institute's required airflow and boost power requirement；
(4) in order to keep the integral replacing time of tunnel blower group identical as far as possible, check that the blower of staff's record uses
Situation table opens the blower that remaining life is long in blower in advance；
(5) under the requirement for substantially meeting tunnel air quantity, keep the start-stop time of axial flow blower and jet blower minimum；
Axial flow blower and jet blower open the determination principle of the configuration scheme of combination are as follows:
Principle A: according to constraint, objective function is solved, the parameter value of speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω is obtained, works as parameter value
When uniquely determining, axial flow blower and jet blower are opened according to required speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω；
Principle B: when the parameter value of speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω is not unique, then by searching in computer system, work
Make the jet blower service condition table of personnel record, remaining life time long jet blower is opened in selection；
Principle C: if on the basis of principle B, opening ways are not still unique, and the least jet blower of start-stop time is selected to open
It opens；
Principle D: if on the basis of principle C, opening ways are not still unique, then select the jet blower close apart from pollution sources
It opens in advance.
In step 1, by blower correspondence theorem, when timing under revolving speed, pressure flow oriented parallel is moved down, and determines therefrom that tune
Relationship between speed ratio and fan delivery, is shown below:
Wherein:
In formula: QiFor the air quantity that i-th axial flow blower provides, kiFor i-th axial flow blower speed ratio, ui、viFor axis
Flow exhaust blower performance parameter, piFor the pressure that i-th axial flow blower should provide, n0For blower rated speed, n1For blower exchange
Revolving speed.
In step 2, to overcome the frictional resistance in tunnel, and guarantee axial flow blower or jet blower work in high efficient district, wind
Machine should operate in the pressure p that should be provided with pipe system performance curve point of intersection, i.e., every FansiEqual to resistance of pipe system R, wherein R=s
×Qe 2, to be determined between speed ratio, axial flow blower or jet blower air quantity and Tunnel Design air quantity three in conjunction with step 1
Relationship is as follows:
In formula: Qi(Qi') it is the air quantity that i-th (i') platform axis stream arranges that (sending) blower provides, ki(ki') it is i-th (i') platform axis stream
Arrange the speed ratio of (sending) blower, ui(ui'), vi(vi') it is that axis stream arranges (sending) fan performance parameter, s is resistance of pipe system coefficient,
For design air flow needed for tunnel (I) part,For design air flow needed for tunnel (II) part.
By tunnel (I), (II) two parts institute wasted work rate superposition calculation is established to minimize optimization mould of the power as target
Type is shown below:
In formula: Ni…NnIndicate axial flow blower power at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft, Ni'…Nn'It indicates at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft
Axial flow fan power, Nj…NmIndicate every group of jet blower institute wasted work rate of tunnel (I) section, Nj'…Nm'Indicate that tunnel (II) section is every
Group jet blower institute wasted work rate, wherein every group includes z platform jet blower, wherein z=3；Qi(Qi')) be i-th (i')) platform axis stream
Arrange the air quantity that (sending) blower provides, QjFor air quantity provided by (I) section jth group jet blower, Qj'For (II) section jth ' group jet stream
Air quantity provided by blower；peiFor power of boosting provided by i-th axial flow blower, pei'It is mentioned by the i-th ' platform axial flow fan
The boosting power of confession；ωjTo control tunnel (I) section jet blower unlatching group number parameter, ωj'To control tunnel (II) section jet blower
Unlatching group number parameter, ωj, ωj'∈ { 0,1 }, 0 indicates to be not turned on jth (j') group jet blower, and 1 indicates that opening jth (j') group penetrates
Flow fan, A are unit conversion coefficient.
In step 4 (1), what tunnel was presented is a kind of tubulose semi-closed structure, and limited space is serious, sets 0.9 η -0.98
Efficiency when η, η are blower highest total pressure, corresponding range of flow are the high efficient district of axial flow blower work；
In step 4 (2), the upper limit of setting speed ratio k is 0.95, and the lower limit of setting speed ratio k is 0.5, then speed ratio
Restriction range: 0.5≤ki≤0.95；
In step 4 (3), different operating conditions when being runed according to tunnel design wind needed for the section of front and back at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft
Amount is different, tunnel gravity-flow ventilation power, and the pressure that traffic ventilation force provides is different, tunnel (I), (II) two parts axial flow blower and penetrates
Needed for air quantity provided by flow fan and boosting power must satisfy respective section, then constraint condition are as follows:
In formula: QjIndicate air quantity provided by jth group jet blower, Q in tunnel (I)j'Indicate that tunnel (II) jth ' group is penetrated
Air quantity provided by flow fan, z × pej, z × pej'Respectively tunnel (I), in (II) two parts provided by one group of jet blower
Boosting power, peFor boosting power required in tunnel；In step 4 (5), when tunnel actual operation, axial flow blower or jet blower are opened
It is not closed in 10min, to avoid frequent start-stop axial flow blower or jet blower, then constraint condition are as follows:
In formula: dHIndicate the Hamming distances between two vectors, ωj, ωj'Respectively ωaAnd ωbOne of unlatching group
Conjunction mode, j and j' are respectively ωaAnd ωbValue serial number, ω ' and ω " are respectively tunnel (I), (II) two parts fluidic current
Blower fan group operating status.
Speed ratio and the row's of sending axial flow blower flow have certain functional relation, then the speed ratio model limited this functional relation
It encloses, with 0.5≤ki≤ 0.95 takes intersection.
The speed ratio k solved, should be converted into the respective frequencies of blower frequency modulation, then conversion formula are as follows:
In formula: f is the respective frequencies of blower frequency modulation, and p is the number of magnetic pole pairs of blower motor.
Control jet blower unlatching group number parameter ωj∈ { 0,1 }, 0 indicates to be not turned on jth group jet blower, and 1 indicates to open
Jth group jet blower, with vector ωaAnd ωbRespectively indicate tunnel (I), in (II) two parts jet blower group possibility opening square
Formula then has m respectively2And m'2Kind opens combination.
Long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system of the invention and its control method, it is logical in order to reduce tunnel
Wind runs energy consumption, using tunnel blower working characteristics and the factor for influencing tunnel ventilation environment as constraint condition, establishes with power most
The small Optimized model for turning to target.According to constraint condition, objective function is solved, obtains under different operating conditions (normal, idling, congestion)
Blower opens number of units, position and frequency, to reduce draught fan group operation power when tunnel operation, improve economic results in society and
Energy utilization rate.On the basis of considering CO concentration, VI concentration and vehicle flowrate, the semiclosed knot of this tubulose in tunnel has also been comprehensively considered
Structure, influence of the brought friction loss to axial flow blower or jet blower air outlet velocity and working efficiency, and be also added into
Research to the service life of axial flow blower and jet blower in tunnel, the problems such as frequency conversion power saving.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is highway tunnel ventilation vertical shaft combination jet blower longitudinal ventilation engineering drawing used in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is axial flow fan for tunnel and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control programme diagram；
Fig. 3 is axial flow blower or jet blower characteristic curve schematic diagram used in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the modeling method of draught fan group optimal control.
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that below in an example, (I) in text indicates: air shaft and its rear section, i.e. tunnel
Road air draft section；(II) in text indicates: air shaft and its front section, i.e. tunnel air-supply section.
Add jet blower longitudinal ventilation engineering drawing as shown in Figure 1 for certain tunnel shaft, based on this to long highway tunnel reality
Border engineering model is studied, the long 2.5km in tunnel, there is the axial flow blower of two 300kw in tunnel ventilation vertical shaft, and two
The axial flow fan of 300kw, every air draft and air-supply axial flow blower are respectively mounted a General Converters, the General Converters
Power should be greater than be equal to air-supply or air draft axial flow blower shaft power and tunnel (I) (the right, tunnel air draft section),
(II) (left side, tunnel air-supply section) each 4 groups of 30kw jet blowers of two parts, every group of spacing is 150m, and every group has 3 jet stream wind
Machine lays wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector every 200m；
Every axial flow blower and jet blower are mounted on programmable controller, wherein one axial flow blower of selection is penetrated
The programmable controller of flow fan is as main website, remaining programmable controller is as slave station, by logical between main website and slave station
Interrogate line connection.
The data that main website detects wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector, by with
Too net is transmitted to tunnel operation control center computer master control system；
The tunnel operation control center computer master control system be provided with calculate tunnel required airflow and boost power software and
Axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program.
By blower correspondence theorem, when timing under revolving speed, pressure flow oriented parallel is moved down, and determines therefrom that speed ratio and blower
Relationship between air quantity, as follows:
Wherein:
In formula: QiFor the air quantity that i-th axial flow blower provides, kiFor i-th axial flow blower speed ratio, ui、viFor axis
Flow exhaust blower performance parameter, piFor the pressure that i-th axial flow blower should provide, n0For blower rated speed, n1For blower exchange
Revolving speed.
To overcome the frictional resistance in tunnel, and guarantee blower work in high efficient district, blower should operate in and system-head curve song
Line point of intersection, i.e., the pressure p that every Fans should provideiEqual to resistance of pipe system R, wherein R=s × Qe 2, thus true in conjunction with step 1
The relationship seted the tone between speed ratio, fan delivery and design air flow three is as follows:
In formula: Qi(Qi') it is the air quantity that i-th (i') platform axis stream arranges that (sending) blower provides, ki(ki') it is i-th (i') platform axis stream
Arrange the speed ratio of (sending) blower, ui(ui'), vi(vi') it is that axis stream arranges (sending) fan performance parameter, s is resistance of pipe system coefficient,
For design air flow needed for tunnel (I) part,For design air flow needed for tunnel (II) part.
It is different according to tunnel (I), (II) section design air flow, by tunnel (I), (II) two parts institute wasted work rate superposition calculation,
It establishes in conjunction with fan characteristic and tunnel ventilation demand characteristics using speed ratio k and control unlatching group number ω as the target letter of Optimal Parameters
Number:
N in objective functioni…NnIndicate axial flow blower power at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft, Ni'…Nn'Indicate tunnel ventilation
Axial flow fan power at vertical shaft, Nj…NmIndicate every group of jet blower institute wasted work rate of tunnel (I) section, Nj'…Nm'Indicate tunnel
(II) every group of jet blower institute wasted work rate of section, wherein n=n'=2, m=m'=4.
As shown in figure 3, efficiency will sharply decline when compressor flow is too high or too low, and when revolving speed is too low, efficiency
It is very low, therefore range of flow and speed adjustable range should be limited, due to the special semi-enclosed structure in tunnel, set axial flow blower work
The high efficient district of work corresponding range of flow when being 0.9 η -0.98 η, and since speed ratio k and axial flow blower flow Q have certain letter
Number relationship, calculates the value of every axial flow blower k under flow restriction range, the range and 0.5≤k with speed ratioi≤ 0.95 takes
Intersection makes the constraint condition of axial flow blower efficient operation only use speed adjustable range [Xi, Yi] indicate, it is as follows: s.t.Xi≤ki
≤Yi
The speed ratio k solved, should be converted into the respective frequencies of blower frequency modulation, then conversion formula are as follows:
In formula: f is the respective frequencies of blower frequency modulation, and p is the number of magnetic pole pairs of blower motor.
Different operating conditions (normal, idling, congestion) when being runed according to tunnel, tunnel shaft front and back road section length is different, institute
Need design air flow different, tunnel gravity-flow ventilation power, the pressure that traffic ventilation force provides is different, tunnel (I), (II) two parts axis stream
Needed for air quantity provided by blower and jet blower and boosting power must satisfy respective section, then constraint condition are as follows:
In formula: QjIndicate air quantity provided by jth group jet blower, Q in tunnel (I)j'Indicate that tunnel (II) jth ' group is penetrated
Air quantity provided by flow fan, z × pej, z × pej'Respectively tunnel (I), in (II) two parts provided by one group of jet blower
It boosts power, wherein z=3, peFor boosting power required in tunnel；
Control jet blower unlatching group number parameter ωj∈ { 0,1 }, 0 indicates to be not turned on jth group jet blower, and 1 indicates to open
Jth group jet blower, with vector ωaAnd ωbRespectively indicate tunnel (I), in (II) jet blower group possibility opening ways, then
There are 16 kinds of unlatching combinations respectively.
Consider tunnel actual operation situation, the starting of large-scale jet blower is relatively difficult, and is opened in jet blower
It should not be closed in 10min, to avoid jet blower frequent start-stop, then constraint condition are as follows:
In formula: dHIndicate the Hamming distances between two vectors, ωj, ωj'Respectively one of ω a and ω b unlatching group
Conjunction mode, j and j' are respectively ωaAnd ωbValue serial number, ω ' and ω " are respectively tunnel (I), (II) two parts fluidic current
Blower fan group operating status.
Axial flow blower and jet blower open the determination principle of the configuration scheme of combination are as follows:
Principle A: according to constraint, objective function is solved, the parameter value of speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω is obtained, works as parameter value
When uniquely determining, axial flow blower, axial flow fan and jet stream wind are opened according to required speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω
Machine；
Principle B: when the parameter value of speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω is not unique, then by searching in computer system, work
Make the blower service condition table of personnel record, remaining life time long jet blower is opened in selection；
Principle C: if on the basis of principle B, opening ways are not still unique, and jet blower start-stop time is least opens for selection
It opens；
Principle D: if on the basis of principle C, opening ways are not still unique, then select the jet blower close apart from pollution sources
It opens in advance.
Embodiment:
The long 2.5km in tunnel has the axial flow blower of two 300kw air drafts, the axis of two 300kw air-supply in tunnel ventilation vertical shaft
Section respectively has 4 groups of jet blowers before and after flow fan, and intermediate vertical shaft, and every group of spacing is 150m, and every group includes that 3 power are 30kw
Jet blower.The axial flow blower of every air-supply and air draft installs a General Converters, the power of the General Converters
It should be greater than the axial flow blower shaft power for being equal to air-supply or air draft；Every axial flow blower and jet blower are mounted on PLC technology
Device, wherein select the programmable controller of an axial flow blower or jet blower as main website, remaining programmable controller is made
For slave station, connected between main website and slave station by connection.
Wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector are laid every 200m in tunnel, and main website will
The data that above-mentioned wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector detect, are transmitted by Ethernet
To tunnel operation control center computer master control system, master control system includes the software and axis stream for calculating tunnel required airflow and power of boosting
Calculated required airflow and boosting power are input to draught fan group efficiency optimization by blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program
It controls in program, (normal, idling, congestion) speed ratio k is calculated under different operating conditionsiWith unlatching number of units ωjNumerical value, utilize
Draught fan group efficiency-optimization control program (as shown in Figure 2) realizes that tunnel blower group opens and adjusts the speed.
Modeling method according to Fig.4, is modeled, and optimum results are as follows:
Normal operation operating condition is taken, when tunnel speed is 60km/h, bicycle road vehicle number is 2000pcu/h, takes minibus
N1 accounting 50%, buggy N2, motor bus N3, middle lorry N4, truck N5, container, towed vehicle N6 are asked when respectively accounting for 10%
Solution result be k=(0.5386,0.6475), k'=(0.6328,0.7586), corresponding frequency f=(36.7HZ, 40.2HZ),
ω=(0100) f'=(39.8HZ, 43.5HZ), ω '=(0011), at this time the speed ratio of two axial flow blowers be respectively
0.5386 and 0.6475, frequency is respectively 36.7HZ and 40.2HZ, and the speed ratio of two axial flow fans is respectively 0.6328 He
0.7586, frequency is respectively 39.8HZ and 43.5HZ, 1 group of jet blower of tunnel (I) Duan Kaiqi (every group 3), tunnel (II) section
Open 2 groups of jet blowers (every group 3).
Opposite congestion operating condition is taken, when tunnel speed is 30km/h, bicycle road vehicle number is 1000pcu/h, takes minibus N1
Accounting 50%, buggy N2, motor bus N3, middle lorry N4, truck N5, container, towed vehicle N6 when respectively accounting for 10%, solve
It as a result is k=(0.6386,0.6675), k'=(0.7384,0.8423), corresponding frequency f=(40HZ, 40.9HZ), f'=
(43HZ, 45.9HZ) ω=(1101), ω '=(1011), the speed ratio of two axial flow blowers is respectively 0.6386 He at this time
0.6675, frequency is respectively 40HZ and 40.9HZ, and the speed ratio of two axial flow fans is respectively 0.7384 and 0.8423, frequency
3 groups of jet blowers of respectively 43HZ and 45.9HZ, tunnel (I) Duan Kaiqi (every group 3), 3 groups of jet blowers of (II) Duan Kaiqi are (every
Group 3)；Tunnel blower running scheme is determined using such method, and average power saving rate may be up to 34.21%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system characterized by comprising
One group of wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector are set every 200m in tunnel；
Axial flow blower, axial flow fan and the jet blower for being suspended on tunnel vault being set in tunnel ventilation vertical shaft；
Wherein every axial flow blower installs a General Converters, and the power of the General Converters is more than or equal to axial flow blower shaft work
Rate；
Every axial flow blower and jet blower are mounted on programmable controller, wherein one axial flow blower of selection or jet stream wind
The programmable controller of machine passes through connection as slave station as main website, remaining programmable controller between main website and slave station
Connection；
The data that main website detects wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector, pass through Ethernet
It is transmitted to tunnel operation control center computer master control system；
The tunnel operation control center computer master control system is provided with the software and axis stream for calculating tunnel required airflow and power of boosting
Blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program.
2. realizing the control method of long highway tunnel draught fan group efficiency-optimization control system described in claim 1, feature
It is, this method is calculated according to the data of wagon detector, CO detector, VI detector and wind speed and direction detector in vehicle
It flows under the different operating conditions such as normal, idling, congestion, number of units and the axial flow blower frequency of the axial flow blower and jet blower that need to open
Rate, and tunnel required airflow and boosting power are input in axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program, further according to
Axial flow blower and jet blower open the optimization principles of combination, determine the number of units that axial flow blower and jet blower are opened, position
Set with axial flow blower frequency, so that axial flow blower and jet blower group's efficiency-optimization control program pass through main website again and information are transmitted
To each slave station, axial flow blower and jet blower are carried out to open control and axial flow blower frequency modulation control；
Since road section length is different before and after tunnel ventilation vertical shaft, then required design air flow is different, calculates for convenience, according to driving
Tunnel is divided into two parts and calculated by direction:
(I) the n group jet blower hung at air shaft and its rear section to hole；
(II) the m group jet blower hung at air shaft and its front section to hole；
Wherein the z platform jet blower of suspension in parallel is one group, wherein z=3.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that special with axial flow blower and the jet blower work being arranged in tunnel
Property and to influence the factor of tunnel ventilation environment be constraint condition, opened by control axial flow blower frequency conversion and jet blower
A group number is opened, realizes complicated ventilating system minimum power, is established using speed ratio k and control unlatching group number ω as the mesh of Optimal Parameters
Scalar functions；Specifically sequentially include the following steps:
Step 1 determines the relationship between speed ratio and fan delivery using blower correspondence theorem；
Step 2 to overcome tunnel frictional resistance, and guarantees axial flow blower and jet blower work in high efficient district, and fan operation exists
With pipe system performance curve point of intersection, to be determined between speed ratio, fan delivery and Tunnel Design air quantity three in conjunction with step 1
Relationship；
Step 3 establishes objective function in conjunction with fan shaft power formula according to step 2；
Step 4, determines bound for objective function, and constraint condition includes:
(1) the outlet air quantity range under tunnel environment, when axial flow blower and jet blower efficient operation；
(2) when tunnel is runed, axial flow blower speed ratio range；
(3) normal in wagon flow, idling, congestion etc. difference operating condition under institute's required airflow and boost power requirement；
(4) in order to keep the integral replacing time of tunnel blower group identical as far as possible, the blower service condition of staff's record is checked
Table opens the blower that remaining life is long in blower in advance；
(5) under the requirement for substantially meeting tunnel air quantity, keep the start-stop time of axial flow blower and jet blower minimum；
The axial flow blower and jet blower open the determination principle of the configuration scheme of combination are as follows:
Principle A: according to constraint, objective function is solved, the parameter value of speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω are obtained, when parameter value is unique
When determining, axial flow blower and jet blower are opened according to required speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω；
Principle B: when the parameter value of speed ratio k and unlatching group number ω is not unique, then by searching for the people that in computer system, works
Remaining life time long jet blower is opened in the jet blower service condition table of member's record, selection；
Principle C: if on the basis of principle B, opening ways are not still unique, and the least jet blower of start-stop time is selected to open；
Principle D: if on the basis of principle C, opening ways are not still unique, then select the jet blower close apart from pollution sources leading
It opens.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 1, by blower correspondence theorem, when revolving speed is lowered
When, pressure flow oriented parallel moves down, and it determines therefrom that the relationship between speed ratio and fan delivery, is shown below:
Wherein:
In formula: QiFor the air quantity that i-th axial flow blower provides, kiFor i-th axial flow blower speed ratio, ui、viFor axis stream row
Fan performance parameter, piFor the pressure that i-th axial flow blower should provide, n0For blower rated speed, n1Turn for what blower was exchanged
Speed；
In the step 2, to overcome the frictional resistance in tunnel, and guarantee axial flow blower and jet blower work in high efficient district, wind
Machine should operate in the pressure p that should be provided with pipe system performance curve point of intersection, i.e., every FansiEqual to resistance of pipe system R, wherein R=s
×Qe 2, to be determined between speed ratio, axial flow blower or jet blower air quantity and Tunnel Design air quantity three in conjunction with step 1
Relationship is shown below:
In formula: Qi(Qi') it is the air quantity that i-th (i') platform axis stream arranges that (sending) blower provides, ki(ki') it is that i-th (i') platform axis stream is arranged
The speed ratio of (sending) blower, ui(ui'), vi(vi') it is that axis stream arranges (sending) fan performance parameter, s is resistance of pipe system coefficient, Qe1For tunnel
Design air flow needed for road (I) part, Qe2For design air flow needed for tunnel (II) part.
5. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that by tunnel (I), (II) two parts institute wasted work rate superposition calculation,
It establishes to minimize Optimized model of the power as target, is shown below:
In formula: Ni…NnIndicate axial flow blower power at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft, Ni'…Nn'Indicate axis stream at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft
Pressure fan power, Nj…NmIndicate every group of jet blower institute wasted work rate of tunnel (I) section, Nj'…Nm'Every group of section of expression tunnel (II) is penetrated
Flow fan institute wasted work rate, wherein every group includes z platform jet blower, wherein z=3；Qi(Qi')) be i-th (i')) platform axis stream row
The air quantity that (sending) blower provides, QjFor air quantity provided by (I) section jth group jet blower, Qj'For (II) section jth ' group jet stream wind
Air quantity provided by machine；peiFor power of boosting provided by i-th axial flow blower, pei'It is provided by the i-th ' platform axial flow fan
Boosting power；ωjTo control tunnel (I) section jet blower unlatching group number parameter, ωj'It is opened for control tunnel (II) section jet blower
Open a group number parameter, ωj, ωj'∈ { 0,1 }, 0 indicates to be not turned on jth (j') group jet blower, and 1 indicates that opening jth (j') organizes jet stream
Blower, A are unit conversion coefficient.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:
In step 4 (1), what tunnel was presented is a kind of tubulose semi-closed structure, and limited space is serious, sets 0.9 η -0.98 η, η
Efficiency when for blower highest total pressure, corresponding range of flow are the high efficient district of axial flow blower work；
In step 4 (2), the upper limit of setting speed ratio k is 0.95, and the lower limit of setting speed ratio k is 0.5, then the constraint of speed ratio
Range: 0.5≤ki≤0.95；
In step 4 (3), different operating conditions when being runed according to tunnel, design air flow needed for the section of front and back is not at tunnel ventilation vertical shaft
Together, tunnel gravity-flow ventilation power, the pressure that traffic ventilation force provides is different, tunnel (I) (II) two parts axial flow blower and jet stream wind
Needed for air quantity provided by machine and boosting power must satisfy respective section, then constraint condition are as follows:
In formula: QjIndicate air quantity provided by jth group jet blower, Q in tunnel (I)j'Indicate tunnel (II) jth ' group jet stream wind
Air quantity provided by machine, z × pej, z × pej'Respectively tunnel (I), boosting provided by one group of jet blower in (II) two parts
Power, peFor boosting power required in tunnel；
In step 4 (5), when tunnel actual operation, axial flow blower or jet blower are opened and are not closed in 10min, to avoid frequently
Start and stop axial flow blower or jet blower, then constraint condition are as follows:
In formula: dHIndicate the Hamming distances between two vectors, ωj, ωj'Respectively one of ω a and ω b open combination side
Formula, j and j' are respectively ωaAnd ωbValue serial number, ω ' and ω " are respectively tunnel (I), (II) two parts fluidic current blower
Group operating status.
7. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that speed ratio and the row's of sending axial flow blower flow have certain function to close
System, then the speed ratio range limited this functional relation, with 0.5≤ki≤ 0.95 takes intersection.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that control jet blower unlatching group number parameter ωj∈ { 0,1 }, 0 table
Show and be not turned on jth group jet blower, 1 indicates to open jth group jet blower, with vector ωaAnd ωbRespectively indicate tunnel (I),
(II) in two parts jet blower group possibility opening ways, then have m respectively2And m'2Kind opens combination.
9. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that the speed ratio k solved should be converted into the correspondence of blower frequency modulation
Frequency, then conversion formula are as follows:
In formula: f is the respective frequencies of blower frequency modulation, and p is the number of magnetic pole pairs of blower motor.
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