CN110373525A - A kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and temperature automatically controlled method - Google Patents
A kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and temperature automatically controlled method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of heat treatment, provide a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and temperature automatically controlled method, including topical treatment process Optimization Steps and the temperature automatically controlled step of local heat treatmet.Wherein, topical treatment process Optimization Steps include: the setting of temperature measuring point；The arrangement of heating sheet；The spot welding and wiring of thermocouple；Auxiliary heating.The temperature automatically controlled step of local heat treatmet includes: the selection of Equipment for Heating Processing；It is heat-treated the line of DCS automatic temperature control system；What is be heat-treated is temperature automatically controlled.Wherein, the temperature automatically controlled of heat treatment includes: warming temperature；It is heat-treated the adjusting and heat treatment heat preservation of holding temperature；After heat preservation, start to cool down automatically according to heat treatment process card control rate of temperature fall, completes heat treatment.So far, complete large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and it is temperature automatically controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of heat treatment, and in particular to a kind of optimization of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process and
Temperature automatically controlled method.
Background technique
The key link that local heat treatmet is manufactured as large pressurized vessel, its role is to during eliminating welding manufacture
Residual stress, improve the service life and safety of container, to ensure container for a long time be on active service be of great significance.Large size is held
The manufacturing process and field condition of device determine such container not and can be carried out entirety or Fractional Heat-treatment and " itself furnace in furnace
Thorax " bulk heat treatmet.Currently, eliminating residual stress by the way of local heat treatmet for such container scene is most of, adopt
It is heated with heating sheet, temperature control box carries out temperature control, and recording instrument without paper carries out acquisition and the record of data.
The control of conventional method temperature is in such a way that automatic/hand adjusting combines.Relatively for the heating of uniform thickness connector
It is easy, it is larger to differ biggish not uniform thickness connector heating difficulty for super wall thickness, joint dimension.The difference of thickness leads to heating not
Unanimously, be warming up to it is mutually synthermal required for the time greatly prolong, heat treatment operation personnel labor intensity is larger.Secondly, temperature control
The heat treatment temperature-rise period of case setting terminates, and temperature-control heat couple reaches scheduled holding temperature.At this point, heat treatment object structure and
The difference of the exposure level of different location heating sheet and steel plate, the convection current radiant heat transfer of different location, heat dissipation are different, lead to difference
The temperature thermocouple temperature in region has a certain difference.Finally, regulation of the specification of heat treatment for soaking time are as follows: to steel plate
The temperature of upper all temperature measuring points that need to be examined starts timing after entering holding temperature range lower limit temperature.Manually adjust temperature control heat
It is larger to guarantee that the temperature of all temperature measuring points that need to be examined enters holding temperature range difficulty to holding temperature is heat-treated for galvanic couple,
The required time is longer.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve large pressurized vessel local heat treatmet operation large labor intensity, heating-up time length, difficulty technology
Problem, the present invention provides a kind of optimization of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process and temperature automatically controlled methods, at localized heat
Reason process and temperature control optimize, and the efficient of heat treatment process is realized while ensuring that heat treatment process is gone on smoothly
Property.
The following technical solution is employed by the present invention:
A kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and temperature automatically controlled method, including topical treatment process are excellent
Change and local heat treatmet is temperature automatically controlled；
The described topical treatment process optimization the following steps are included:
The setting of step 1. temperature measuring point
When for longitudinal seam heat treatment, every heating panel region is at least arranged a temperature controlling point, two temperature measuring points, while away from
Weld pipe mill from two end 50mm above and below weld seam and with a distance from the position weld edge 50mm be arranged with temperature thermocouple；
When for girth joint and penetration piece insertion plate welding seams heat treatment, a temperature control is at least arranged in every heating panel region
Point, three temperature measuring points；
All temperature-control heat couples are arranged on heating sheet, and temperature thermocouple is arranged on the steel plate；
It mainly include three categories weldering for the weld seam that pressure vessel carries out local heat treatmet in above-mentioned technical proposal step 1
Seam: cylinder longitudinal direction and circumferential butt weld, stiffening plate and cylinder butt weld, penetration piece sleeve and cylinder attachment weld.Vertical weldering
When seam heat treatment, a temperature controlling point, two temperature measuring points, while weld seam two ends up and down are at least arranged in every heating panel region
The Weld pipe mill of 50mm and apart from the position weld edge 50mm be intended to arrangement temperature thermocouple.Girth joint and penetration piece insertion plate weldering
A temperature controlling point, three temperature measuring points are at least arranged in every heating panel region when seam heat treatment.All temperature-control heat couples are arranged
On heating sheet, temperature thermocouple is arranged on the steel plate.
The arrangement of step 2. heating sheet
Suitable width of heating is determined according to the requirement of volume III of ASME B&PV specification, determines the specification of heating sheet；
For cylinder longitudinal seam, the length direction of heating sheet is vertical with fusion length direction when laying；
For cylinder girth joint, the length direction of heating sheet is parallel with fusion length direction when laying；
Plate is inserted into for penetration piece, the post weld heat treatment of weld seam uses trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets or trapezoidal crawler type electricity
Method that heating sheet and rectangle crawler type electric heating sheets combine carries out, when laying trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets short transverse
It is vertical with fusion length direction；
The geometric center of heating sheet corresponds to the position while welding of pending heat treatment；
Further, in step 2, for horizontally disposed strip heat tape, the geometric center of heating sheet is with respect to weld seam
Center offsets downward 25mm~35mm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal step 2, when the selection of heating sheet, determined according to ASME B&PV specification volume III of requirement
Suitable width of heating determines the specification of heating sheet (for example, by using rectangle crawler type heating sheet 600mm × 400mm, power
l0KW)。
It is long straight weld for cylinder longitudinal seam when using rectangle crawler type heating sheet 600mm × 400mm, is laid with
When its length direction it is vertical with fusion length direction, i.e., width of heating should be 600mm；For cylinder girth joint, when laying, is heated
Leaf length direction is parallel with fusion length direction, i.e., width of heating should be 400mm.
Plate is inserted into for penetration piece, weld seam is largely arc, and the post weld heat treatment of such weld seam uses trapezoidal crawler type
The method that electric heating sheets or trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets and rectangle crawler type electric heating sheets combine carries out, and trapezoidal heating sheet is high
Degree suggests that 450mm should be not less than, its short transverse is vertical with fusion length direction when laying, i.e. width of heating 450mm.It can basis
Actual conditions, the specification of heating sheet can be accordingly adjusted for the penetration piece of different size, but to guarantee that width of heating meets ASME
The requirement that B&PV specification is volume III.
When the arrangement of heating sheet, under normal circumstances, the geometric center of heating sheet is the highest region of heating sheet temperature, corresponding
In the position while welding that needs are heat-treated.And for horizontally disposed strip heat tape, in order to eliminate caused by hot domino effect of rising
Heating sheet center is offset downward 25mm~35mm with respect to Weld pipe mill by temperature deviation, enables the temperature of weld seam two sides up and down
It is enough to be consistent substantially.
The spot welding and wiring of step 3. thermocouple；
Further, in step 3, to the position spot welding Backup thermocouples for deforming biggish position and easily falling off.
Further, in step 3, the part conducting wire being connected with thermocouple solder joint, placing direction and the deformation of this position have ladder
The direction of degree is vertical.
Further, the length of the part conducting wire is 10~15cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal step 3, it occur frequently that thermocouple failure causes heat treatment to interrupt in heat treatment process, cause
Repeat-heating and reduce and material property and cause larger residual deformation.Thermocouple fastness solution can be used and be arranged as follows
It applies: according to the similitude of structure, the form of thermocouple failure is summarized, to the location point for deforming biggish position and easily falling off
Weld Backup thermocouples；It is fixed under normal conditions using band steel on the outside of heating sheet tooling or other modes, guarantees heating sheet
With steel plate good fit, thermocouple is also at the state of fitting closely.In order to ensure deformation when thermocouple can free extension not by
It pulls, the part conducting wire (length about 10~15cm) being connected with thermocouple solder joint, placing direction and the deformation of this position have gradient
Direction is vertical, and heat treatment large deformation is effectively avoided to tear thermocouple.
Step 4. auxiliary heating
For cylinder girth joint, using the symmetrical heat treatment of segmentation；
The big position in end and weld seam two sides steel plate thickness for strip heat tape, using increasing auxiliary heating sheet
Mode compensates heating；
The position heated up is not easy for other, is laid with auxiliary heating sheet as spare；
Further, in step 4, for strip heat tape, auxiliary is laid in the lower region of its end position temperature
Heating sheet；Biggish not uniform thickness connector is differed for size, is laid with auxiliary heating sheet in plank side.
Further, in step 4, assist the maximum temperature of heating lower than heat treatment holding temperature.
In above-mentioned technical proposal step 4, due to heat treatment object structure and different location heating sheet and steel plate
The difference of exposure level, the convection current radiant heat transfer of different location, heat dissipation are different, and the temperature thermocouple temperature of different zones is caused to be deposited
In certain difference.The position big for strip heat tape end and weld seam two sides steel plate thickness, in order to improve heating rate
With better control temperature uniformity, heating is compensated by the way of increasing auxiliary heating sheet.For example, cylinder girth joint is logical
Frequently with the symmetrical heat treatment of segmentation, the lower region of strip electric heating end position temperature is laid with auxiliary heating, auxiliary heating, contracting
The short heating-up time.Biggish not uniform thickness connector is differed for size, needs to be laid with auxiliary heating sheet in plank side, promotes heating
Harmful temperature gradient is reduced simultaneously.The maximum temperature of auxiliary heating is lower than heat treatment holding temperature.
Further, in step 4, it is that super thick penetration piece insertion plate is welded with larger size that described other, which are not easy the position heated up,
The main weld of sleeve and the position that anti-deformation tool and Fractional Heat-treatment are welded on main weld；Plate is inserted into for super thick penetration piece
When being welded with the main weld progress local heat treatmet of larger size sleeve, corresponding insertion plate thickness direction laying is surveyed in sleeve and is assisted
Heating sheet；When position for being welded with anti-deformation tool and Fractional Heat-treatment on main weld carries out local heat treatmet, it is being segmented
Head and the tail position be laid with auxiliary heating sheet.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the position heated up is not easy for other, is laid with auxiliary heating sheet as spare.It is relatively common
Two kinds to be not easy the case where heating up as follows: the main weld for being welded with larger size sleeve for super thick penetration piece insertion plate carries out part
When heat treatment, sleeve easy heat radiation closer from main weld causes heating slower, and corresponding insertion plate thickness direction is surveyed in sleeve and is laid with
Auxiliary heating；The case where for being welded with anti-deformation tool and Fractional Heat-treatment on main weld, although deformation tooling insulation cotton
It wraps, deformation tooling causes bad heating or heating-up time to extend similar to fin easy heat radiation, needs in the head and the tail position of segmentation
It is laid with auxiliary heating.
The local heat treatmet it is temperature automatically controlled the following steps are included:
The selection of step 5. Equipment for Heating Processing
DCS auto temperature controlled system is selected, the DCS auto temperature controlled system includes the temperature thermocouple of commissure, heating sheet
On temperature-control heat couple, compensation lead of thermocouple, recording instrument without paper, temperature control box, temperature multi channel testing controller, ratio control
Device, microcomputer and DCS control system；
Further, in step 5, DCS auto temperature controlled system specifically: heat treatment of welds temperature is obtained by temperature thermocouple
, after compensated conducting wire cold junction compensation, transmission is shown on the operating condition table of recording instrument without paper and microcomputer, and heat treatment personnel are according to aobvious
The temperature shown is monitored in real time；According to the requirement of heat treatment process card, it is arranged in DCS auto temperature controlled system process parameter table
Allow the temperature difference, warming and cooling rate, thermostat temperature and time parameter, when the temperature of temperature thermocouple is more than alarm temperature, system is certainly
Dynamic alarm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal step 5, the temperature automatically controlled method of local heat treatmet uses DCS auto temperature controlled system.This system
Data communication, display device, process control and intelligent digital instrument are combined, the low, temperature control with labor intensity
The intuitive feature of precision height, centralized control, scattered risks management, man-machine interface can effectively increase the efficiency of heat treatment construction
And reliability.The system is Two-stage control, both can realize centralized watch, control and management by microcomputer, and can also be degraded to
Temperature-controlling cabinet scatter operation, management.Under normal circumstances, operator can directly be shown according to the system condition, alarm indication, heat
Treatment process curve shows etc. that functions are monitored, set and modified to each technological parameter by microcomputer.
Its principle of automatic control are as follows: heat treatment of welds temperature is obtained by temperature thermocouple, after compensated conducting wire cold junction compensation, transmission
It is shown on the operating condition table of recording instrument without paper and microcomputer, heat treatment personnel monitor in real time according to the temperature of display.According to heat
The requirement for the treatment of process card, setting allows the temperature difference, warming and cooling rate, constant temperature temperature in DCS auto temperature controlled system process parameter table
The parameters such as degree and time.If the temperature of temperature thermocouple is more than alarm temperature, system meeting automatic alarm, operator can basis
Particular problem is analyzed and is handled in time.
The line of step 6. heat treatment DCS automatic temperature control system；
Further, in step 6, specifically, being communicated between microcomputer and temperature control box by cable, between recording instrument without paper
It is communicated by serial ports, the Distributed Control System being made of them controls entire heat treatment；
Temperature thermocouple is arranged on heat-treated steel plate, and temperature thermocouple is connected to no paper by compensation lead of thermocouple
On recorder, record is heat-treated each temperature measuring point real time temperature, and recording instrument without paper sets every 10s and records a temperature data；
Temperature-control heat couple is welded on 20mm × 20mm stalloy, and stalloy is located at place heating sheet temperature highest point, and
It is fixed on heating sheet fixing tool, temperature-control heat couple is connected on temperature control box by compensation lead of thermocouple, control heat treatment
Temperature；Wherein, every heating sheet has a temperature-control heat couple, and the temperature per a piece of heating sheet is to adjust individually, at any time
Separate component.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, because temperature-control heat couple is arranged only on heating sheet, the temperature of heating sheet is directly controlled, because
The temperature shown on this temperature-controlled box allow beyond specification heat treatment allow maximum temperature, but on heat processing unit temperature measuring point guarantor
Temperature never allows to surpass this temperature.According to the feedback regulation temperature-control heat couple of temperature thermocouple, realizes and automatically control.
Step 7. is heat-treated temperature automatically controlled
(1) warming temperature
Temperature control box, recording instrument without paper, microcomputer are opened, heat treatment temperature curve, and the liter that is powered are set in DCS control system
Temperature, temperature-control heat couple is carried out automatically controlling by microcomputer by temperature control box, after temperature-rise period, is made on steel plate within constant temperature 1~2 hour
The temperature of each point tends towards stability；
In above-mentioned technical proposal step 7 (1), temperature-control heat couple is controlled by microcomputer by control temperature control box, temperature multi channel testing
Instrument and proportional controller carry out automatically controlling, to guarantee the heating rate of heat treatment process requirement.After temperature-rise period, Ying Heng
Temperature makes the temperature of each point on steel plate tend towards stability for 1~2 hour.
(2) adjusting and heat treatment heat preservation of holding temperature are heat-treated
In the adjusting stage of holding temperature, heating sheet uses small range step-by-step movement multiple spot subregion temperature-rising method, will be on steel plate
The temperature range of the temperature heat treated of temperature measuring point is adjusted；
In holding stage, temperature thermocouple temperature is observed, for the lower limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, increases corresponding add
The control temperature of backing turns down the control temperature of corresponding heating sheet for the upper limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, makes temperature with this
Degree maintains within heat-preserving range, while the cooling time started is arranged；
Further, in step 7 (2), in the adjusting stage of holding temperature, specifically, by corresponding heating sheet temperature measuring point
Temperature is adjusted to holding temperature range lower limit temperature some temperature spot below, is stable in this temperature spot to all temperature measuring points
After 10min~20min, corresponding heating sheet is heated 5 DEG C~10 DEG C, until temperature rises to the temperature range of heat treatment.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the ginseng such as warming temperature value, soaking time is adjusted by " system process parameters table " in microcomputer
Number, using small range step-by-step movement multiple spot subregion temperature-rising method, by the temperature range (example of the temperature heat treated of temperature measuring point on steel plate
Such as 600 DEG C~625 DEG C) it adjusts.The specific method is as follows: the temperature of corresponding heating sheet temperature measuring point being adjusted to 600 DEG C or less first
Some temperature spot (such as 585 DEG C, 590 DEG C), to all temperature measuring points be stable in this temperature spot for a period of time (10min~
After 20min), then corresponding heating sheet heated several degrees Celsius, its temperature is risen to the temperature range of heat treatment.It increases every time
Temperature be not easy that excessive (it is recommended that every time 5 DEG C, 10 DEG C are adjusted up, closer to holding temperature range, the temperature being adjusted up is got over
Small, heating maximum is no more than 20 DEG C), and 10min~20min is needed to wait for after temperature of every adjusting, stablize rear to temperature
Can be heated up adjusting next time.
In the constant temperature stage, temperature thermocouple temperature is observed, for the lower limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, increases corresponding add
The control temperature of backing turns down the control temperature of corresponding heating sheet for the upper limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, makes temperature with this
Degree maintains within heat-preserving range.The cooling time started is set simultaneously.
(3) cooling operation
After heat preservation, start to cool down automatically according to heat treatment process card control rate of temperature fall, completes heat treatment；
So far, complete large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and it is temperature automatically controlled.
The invention has the advantages that:
The setting of used temperature measuring point, the selection of heating sheet and arrangement are laid with auxiliary heating sheet, are using less thermometric
The technical way of the accurate quick temperature control of local weld seam, especially laying auxiliary heating sheet are realized on the basis of point and temperature controlling point
Method solve the problems, such as that the heating of uniform thickness connector is not difficult.
The spot welding of used thermocouple and cabling scenario are to prevent from thermocouple from failure occurs heat treatment is caused to interrupt, lead
It causes Repeat-heating and reduces material property and cause an important method of larger residual deformation.
Used small range step-by-step movement multiple spot subregion temperature-rising method and the temperature automatically controlled Distributed Control System of local heat treatmet,
Have the characteristics that labor intensity is low, temperature-controlled precision is high, centralized control, scattered risks management, man-machine interface are good, can effectively improve
The efficiency and reliability of heat treatment construction.
Detailed description of the invention
By reference to the explanation below in conjunction with attached drawing, and with a more complete understanding of the present invention, of the invention is other
Purpose and result will be more clearly understood and understood.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the arrangement schematic diagram of circumferential weld strip heat tape；
Fig. 2 is the arrangement schematic diagram of longitudinal joint strip heat tape；
Fig. 3 is the line schematic diagram for being heat-treated DCS automatic temperature control system；
Fig. 4 is case study on implementation 1 using the heat treatment obtained heat treatment temperature curve of DCS automatic temperature control system.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Refering to fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and temperature automatically controlled method, including office
The optimization of portion's heat treatment process and local heat treatmet are temperature automatically controlled；
The described topical treatment process optimization the following steps are included:
The setting of step 1. temperature measuring point
The weld seam that local heat treatmet is carried out for pressure vessel mainly includes three categories weld seam: cylinder is longitudinal and circumferential direction docks
Weld seam, stiffening plate and cylinder butt weld, penetration piece sleeve and cylinder attachment weld.
When for longitudinal seam heat treatment, every heating panel region is at least arranged a temperature controlling point, two temperature measuring points, while away from
Weld pipe mill from two end 50mm above and below weld seam and with a distance from the position weld edge 50mm be arranged with temperature thermocouple；
When for girth joint and penetration piece insertion plate welding seams heat treatment, a temperature control is at least arranged in every heating panel region
Point, three temperature measuring points；
All temperature-control heat couples are arranged on heating sheet, and temperature thermocouple is arranged on the steel plate.
The arrangement of step 2. heating sheet
Determine suitable width of heating according to the requirement of volume III of ASME B&PV specification, determine heating sheet specification (such as
Using rectangle crawler type heating sheet 600mm × 400mm, power l0KW).
When using rectangle crawler type heating sheet 600mm × 400mm, for cylinder longitudinal seam, the length of heating sheet when laying
It is vertical with fusion length direction to spend direction, width of heating 600mm；For cylinder girth joint, the length side of heating sheet when laying
To, width of heating 400mm parallel with fusion length direction.
Plate is inserted into for penetration piece, the post weld heat treatment of weld seam uses trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets or trapezoidal crawler type electricity
The method that heating sheet and rectangle crawler type electric heating sheets combine carries out, and the height of trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets is not less than
450mm, when laying the short transverse of trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets it is vertical with fusion length direction, width of heating 450mm；It can
According to the actual situation, the specification of heating sheet can be accordingly adjusted for the penetration piece of different size, but to guarantee that width of heating meets
The requirement that ASME B&PV specification is volume III.
Under normal circumstances, the geometric center of heating sheet is the highest region of heating sheet temperature, by the geometric center of heating sheet
Position while welding corresponding to pending heat treatment；
And for horizontally disposed strip heat tape, in order to eliminate temperature deviation caused by hot domino effect of rising, will heat
The geometric center of piece offsets downward 25mm~35mm with respect to Weld pipe mill, and the temperature of the upper and lower two sides of weld seam is kept substantially
Unanimously.
The spot welding and wiring of step 3. thermocouple；
According to the similitude of structure, the form of thermocouple failure is summarized, to deforming biggish position and easily fall off
Position spot welding Backup thermocouples；
It is fixed under normal conditions using band steel on the outside of heating sheet tooling or other modes, guarantees heating sheet and steel plate
Good fit, thermocouple are also at the state of fitting closely.In order to ensure deformation when thermocouple can free extension do not pullled, with
The connected part conducting wire of thermocouple solder joint (length is 10~15cm), placing direction and the deformation of this position have the direction of gradient to hang down
Directly, heat treatment large deformation is effectively avoided to tear thermocouple.
Step 4. auxiliary heating
Due to heat treatment object structure and the difference of the exposure level of different location heating sheet and steel plate, different positions
The convection current radiant heat transfer set, heat dissipation are different, and the temperature thermocouple temperature of different zones is caused to have a certain difference.
For cylinder girth joint, using the symmetrical heat treatment of segmentation；
For strip heat tape, auxiliary heating sheet, auxiliary heating, contracting are laid in the lower region of its end position temperature
The short heating-up time；Biggish not uniform thickness connector is differed for size, while plank side is laid with auxiliary heating sheet, promotes heating
Reduce harmful temperature gradient；
The position heated up is not easy for other, auxiliary heating sheet is laid with as spare, is not easy the case where heating up are as follows: for
When the main weld that super thick penetration piece insertion plate is welded with larger size sleeve carries out local heat treatmet, sleeve is relatively close fugitive from main weld
Heat causes heating slower, and corresponding insertion plate thickness direction is surveyed in sleeve and is laid with auxiliary heating；It is anti-for being welded on main weld
The case where deforming tooling and Fractional Heat-treatment deforms tooling similar to fin easy heat radiation although deformation tooling insulation cotton wraps
Cause bad heating or heating-up time to extend, therefore is laid with auxiliary heating in the head and the tail position of segmentation.
The maximum temperature of above-mentioned auxiliary heating is lower than heat treatment holding temperature.
The local heat treatmet it is temperature automatically controlled the following steps are included:
The selection of step 5. Equipment for Heating Processing
The temperature automatically controlled method of local heat treatmet uses DCS auto temperature controlled system.DCS auto temperature controlled system includes commissure
Temperature-control heat couple, compensation lead of thermocouple, recording instrument without paper on temperature thermocouple, heating sheet, temperature control box, temperature multi channel testing
Controller, proportional controller, microcomputer and DCS control system.
This system combines data communication, display device, process control and intelligent digital instrument, has labor
The feature that fatigue resistance is low, temperature-controlled precision is high, centralized control, scattered risks management, man-machine interface are intuitive, can effectively increase hot place
Manage the efficiency and reliability of construction.The system is Two-stage control, both can realize centralized watch, control and management by microcomputer,
Temperature-controlling cabinet scatter operation, management can also be degraded to.Under normal circumstances, operator can be directly aobvious according to the system condition
Show, alarm indication, heat treatment cycle curve are shown etc., and functions are monitored, set and repaired to each technological parameter by microcomputer
Change.
Principle of automatic control are as follows: heat treatment of welds temperature is obtained by temperature thermocouple, and after compensated conducting wire cold junction compensation, transmission is aobvious
It is shown on the operating condition table of recording instrument without paper and microcomputer, heat treatment personnel monitor in real time according to the temperature of display.At heat
The requirement for managing operation card, setting allows the temperature difference, warming and cooling rate, thermostat temperature in DCS auto temperature controlled system process parameter table
With the parameters such as time.When the temperature of temperature thermocouple is more than alarm temperature, system automatic alarm, operator can be according to specifically asking
Topic is analyzed and is handled in time.
The line of step 6. heat treatment DCS automatic temperature control system
It is communicated, is communicated between recording instrument without paper by serial ports, by them by cable between microcomputer and temperature control box
The Distributed Control System of composition controls entire heat treatment；
Thermocouple in heat treatment process includes two class thermocouples: temperature control heat on the temperature thermocouple and heating sheet of commissure
Galvanic couple.
Temperature thermocouple is arranged on heat-treated steel plate, and temperature thermocouple is connected to no paper by compensation lead of thermocouple
On recorder, record is heat-treated each temperature measuring point real time temperature, and recording instrument without paper sets every 10s and records a temperature data；
Temperature-control heat couple is welded on 20mm × 20mm stalloy, and stalloy is located at place heating sheet temperature highest point, and
It is fixed on heating sheet fixing tool, temperature-control heat couple is connected on temperature control box by compensation lead of thermocouple, control heat treatment
Temperature.Every heating sheet has a temperature-control heat couple, and the temperature per a piece of heating sheet can be adjusted individually, at any time.Because of temperature control heat
Galvanic couple is arranged only on heating sheet, and the temperature for directly controlling the temperature of heating sheet, therefore showing on temperature-controlled box allows beyond rule
The maximum temperature that model heat treatment allows, but the holding temperature of temperature measuring point never allows to surpass this temperature on heat processing unit.According to survey
The feedback regulation temperature-control heat couple of galvanic couple is warmed, realizes and automatically controls.
Step 7. is heat-treated temperature automatically controlled realization
(1) warming temperature
Temperature control box, recording instrument without paper, microcomputer are opened, heat treatment temperature curve, and the liter that is powered are set in DCS control system
Temperature, temperature-control heat couple is carried out automatically controlling by microcomputer by temperature control box, after temperature-rise period, is made on steel plate within constant temperature 1~2 hour
The temperature of each point tends towards stability.
(2) adjusting and heat treatment heat preservation of holding temperature are heat-treated
In the adjusting stage of holding temperature, when adjusting warming temperature value, heat preservation by " system process parameters table " in microcomputer
Between etc. parameters, using small range step-by-step movement multiple spot subregion temperature-rising method, by the heat preservation of the temperature heat treated of temperature measuring point on steel plate
Temperature range lower limit temperature is adjusted.Such as holding temperature range be 600 DEG C~625 DEG C when, the specific method is as follows: will correspond to first
The temperature of heating sheet temperature measuring point is adjusted to 600 DEG C of some temperature spots (such as 585 DEG C, 590 DEG C) below, to all temperature measuring points
This temperature spot is stable in for a period of time after (10min~20min), then corresponding heating sheet is heated several degrees Celsius, by it
Temperature rises to the temperature range of heat treatment.The temperature increased every time is not easy that excessive (every time 5 DEG C, 10 DEG C are adjusted up, closer
Holding temperature range, the temperature being adjusted up is smaller, and heating maximum is no more than 20 DEG C), and waited after temperature of every adjusting
10min~20min, heated up adjusting next time after temperature is stablized.
In holding stage, temperature thermocouple temperature is observed, for the lower limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, increases corresponding add
The control temperature of backing turns down the control temperature of corresponding heating sheet for the upper limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, makes temperature with this
Degree maintains within heat-preserving range, while the cooling time started is arranged.
(3) cooling operation
After heat preservation, start to cool down automatically according to heat treatment process card control rate of temperature fall, completes heat treatment.
So far, large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization of the invention and temperature automatically controlled is completed.
Case study on implementation 1
Heat treatment object: certain excess pressure container large size is inserted into plate and cylinder butt weld local heat treatmet.
The preparation of Equipment for Heating Processing: the temperature thermocouple of commissure, the temperature-control heat couple on heating sheet, thermocouple compensation are led
Line, recording instrument without paper, temperature control box, temperature multi channel testing controller, proportional controller, microcomputer and DCS control system.
Complete heat treatment thermocouple spot welding and its line, heating sheet laying and fix.According to heat treatment work
Heat treatment temperature curve is arranged in skill card, completes entire PWHT procedures using heat treatment DCS automatic temperature control system.Fig. 4 gives
Gone out actual heat treatment temperature curve, shown by field application: the system is with labor intensity is low, temperature-controlled precision is high, concentrates
The intuitive feature of control, scattered risks management, man-machine interface can effectively increase the efficiency and reliability of heat treatment construction.
The present invention is by the setting of temperature measuring point, the arrangement of heating sheet, laying auxiliary heating sheet, so that using less thermometric
Local weld seam precisely quick temperature control is realized on the basis of point and temperature controlling point, the method for especially laying auxiliary heating sheet solves not
The difficult problem of uniform thickness connector heating；The spot welding of used thermocouple and cabling scenario make it possible to effectively prevent thermoelectricity accidental
Raw failure causes heat treatment to interrupt, and leads to Repeat-heating and reduces material property and cause the generation of larger residual deformation；It is adopted
Small range step-by-step movement multiple spot subregion temperature-rising method and the temperature automatically controlled Distributed Control System of local heat treatmet, labor intensity
It is low, temperature-controlled precision is high, centralized control, scattered risks management, man-machine interface are good, effectively increase heat treatment construction efficiency and
Reliability.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and temperature automatically controlled method, which is characterized in that including localized heat
Treatment process optimization and local heat treatmet are temperature automatically controlled；
The described topical treatment process optimization the following steps are included:
The setting of step 1. temperature measuring point
When for longitudinal seam heat treatment, a temperature controlling point, two temperature measuring points is at least arranged in every heating panel region, while apart from weldering
It sews on the Weld pipe mill of lower two end 50mm and is arranged with temperature thermocouple apart from the position weld edge 50mm；
When for girth joint and penetration piece insertion plate welding seams heat treatment, temperature controlling point, three are at least arranged in every heating panel region
A temperature measuring point；
All temperature-control heat couples are arranged on heating sheet, and temperature thermocouple is arranged on the steel plate；
The arrangement of step 2. heating sheet
Suitable width of heating is determined according to the requirement of volume III of ASME B&PV specification, determines the specification of heating sheet；
For cylinder longitudinal seam, the length direction of heating sheet is vertical with fusion length direction when laying；
For cylinder girth joint, the length direction of heating sheet is parallel with fusion length direction when laying；
Plate is inserted into for penetration piece, the post weld heat treatment of weld seam uses trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets or trapezoidal crawler type electric heating
Method that piece and rectangle crawler type electric heating sheets combine carries out, when laying trapezoidal crawler type electric heating sheets short transverse and weldering
It is vertical to stitch length direction；
The geometric center of heating sheet corresponds to the position while welding of pending heat treatment；
The spot welding and wiring of step 3. thermocouple；
Step 4. auxiliary heating
For cylinder girth joint, using the symmetrical heat treatment of segmentation；
The big position in end and weld seam two sides steel plate thickness for strip heat tape, by the way of increasing auxiliary heating sheet
Compensate heating；
The position heated up is not easy for other, is laid with auxiliary heating sheet as spare；
The local heat treatmet it is temperature automatically controlled the following steps are included:
The selection of step 5. temperature control
DCS auto temperature controlled system is selected, the DCS auto temperature controlled system includes the temperature thermocouple of commissure, on heating sheet
It is temperature-control heat couple, compensation lead of thermocouple, recording instrument without paper, temperature control box, temperature multi channel testing controller, proportional controller, micro-
Machine and DCS control system；
The line of step 6. heat treatment DCS automatic temperature control system；
Step 7. is heat-treated temperature automatically controlled
(1) warming temperature
Temperature control box, recording instrument without paper, microcomputer are opened, heat treatment temperature curve, and the heating that is powered are set in DCS control system,
Temperature-control heat couple is carried out automatically controlling by microcomputer by temperature control box, after temperature-rise period, is made within constant temperature 1~2 hour each on steel plate
The temperature of a point tends towards stability；
(2) adjusting and heat treatment heat preservation of holding temperature are heat-treated
In the adjusting stage of holding temperature, heating sheet uses small range step-by-step movement multiple spot subregion temperature-rising method, by thermometric on steel plate
The temperature range of the temperature heat treated of point is adjusted；
In holding stage, observes temperature thermocouple temperature and corresponding heating sheet is increased for the lower limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range
Control temperature the control temperature of corresponding heating sheet is turned down for the upper limit temperature measuring point close to heat-preserving range, tie up temperature with this
It holds within heat-preserving range, while the cooling time started is set；
(3) cooling operation
After heat preservation, start to cool down automatically according to heat treatment process card control rate of temperature fall, completes heat treatment；
So far, complete large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization and it is temperature automatically controlled.
2. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 2, for horizontally disposed strip heat tape, the geometric center of heating sheet is downward with respect to Weld pipe mill
Deviate 25mm~35mm.
3. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 3, to the position spot welding Backup thermocouples for deforming biggish position and easily falling off.
4. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 3, the part conducting wire being connected with thermocouple solder joint, placing direction and this position deform the direction for having gradient
Vertically；The length of the part conducting wire is 10~15cm.
5. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 4, for strip heat tape, is laid with auxiliary heating sheet in the lower region of its end position temperature；It is right
Biggish not uniform thickness connector is differed in size, is laid with auxiliary heating sheet in plank side.
6. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 4, assists the maximum temperature of heating lower than heat treatment holding temperature.
7. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 4, it is the master that super thick penetration piece is inserted into that plate is welded with larger size sleeve that described other, which are not easy the position heated up,
Weld seam and the position that anti-deformation tool and Fractional Heat-treatment are welded on main weld；Super thick penetration piece insertion plate is welded with larger
When the main weld of size socket carries out local heat treatmet, corresponding insertion plate thickness direction is surveyed in sleeve and is laid with auxiliary heating sheet；
When position for being welded with anti-deformation tool and Fractional Heat-treatment on main weld carries out local heat treatmet, in the head and the tail position of segmentation
Set laying auxiliary heating sheet.
8. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 5, DCS auto temperature controlled system specifically: heat treatment of welds temperature is obtained by temperature thermocouple, compensated
After conducting wire cold junction compensation, transmission is shown on the operating condition table of recording instrument without paper and microcomputer, temperature of the heat treatment personnel according to display
It is monitored in real time；According to the requirement of heat treatment process card, setting allows temperature in DCS auto temperature controlled system process parameter table
Difference, warming and cooling rate, thermostat temperature and time parameter, when the temperature of temperature thermocouple is more than alarm temperature, system automatic alarm.
9. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 6, specifically, communicating between microcomputer and temperature control box by cable, passes through serial ports between recording instrument without paper
It is communicated, the Distributed Control System being made of them controls entire heat treatment；
Temperature thermocouple is arranged on heat-treated steel plate, and temperature thermocouple is connected to paperless tests by compensation lead of thermocouple
On instrument, record is heat-treated each temperature measuring point real time temperature, and recording instrument without paper sets every 10s and records a temperature data；
Temperature-control heat couple is welded on 20mm × 20mm stalloy, and stalloy is located at place heating sheet temperature highest point, and fixed
On heating sheet fixing tool, temperature-control heat couple is connected on temperature control box by compensation lead of thermocouple, controls heat treatment temperature；
Wherein, every heating sheet has a temperature-control heat couple, and the temperature per a piece of heating sheet is the independence that can be adjusted individually, at any time
Body.
10. a kind of large pressurized vessel topical treatment process optimization according to claim 1 and temperature automatically controlled method,
It is characterized in that, in step 7 (2), in the adjusting stage of holding temperature, specifically, the temperature of corresponding heating sheet temperature measuring point is adjusted
To some temperature spot of holding temperature range lower limit temperature, this temperature spot 10min~20min is stable in all temperature measuring points
Afterwards, corresponding heating sheet is heated 5 DEG C~10 DEG C, until temperature rises to the temperature range of heat treatment.
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| CN111534680A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-14 | 青岛科技大学 | Heating temperature equalizing method for local induction heat treatment after welding of thick-wall pressure-bearing equipment |
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| CN114438286B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-05-26 | 西安石油大学 | Method for simulating heat treatment process of equipment in different material process by heat treatment test plate |
| CN116287657A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-06-23 | 山东京博装备制造安装有限公司 | Large-scale earthing tank sectional heat treatment device and process |
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Effective date of registration: 20220831 Address after: 266580 No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong. Patentee after: CHINA University OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA) Patentee after: SHANDONG NUCLEAR POWER EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266580 No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong. Patentee before: CHINA University OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA) |
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