CN110369898B - Base welding method and manufacturing process - Google Patents

Base welding method and manufacturing process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110369898B
CN110369898B CN201910740727.6A CN201910740727A CN110369898B CN 110369898 B CN110369898 B CN 110369898B CN 201910740727 A CN201910740727 A CN 201910740727A CN 110369898 B CN110369898 B CN 110369898B
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welding
substrate
plate
base
assembly
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CN110369898A (en
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高兰云
李忠明
王汉彪
姜锡祥
王家开
李仁民
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China Shipbuilding Industry Corp Diesel Engine Co ltd
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China Shipbuilding Industry Corp Diesel Engine Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a base welding method and a manufacturing process, wherein the base is divided into two large parts, the respective assembling and welding methods of the two parts are consistent and are in mirror symmetry relative to a central reference plane, after the respective assembling and welding of the two large parts are finished, the middle part is assembled and welded, and finally, the folding and welding are carried out to finish the welding; the base is divided into two parts for welding during welding, the two parts are operated simultaneously, the workload completed in unit time is increased, and the assembly welding efficiency is effectively increased; the base is divided into two parts for processing, so that the weight born by a crane during hoisting and overturning is effectively reduced, the assembly is safer and more controllable in the overturning process, and the two parts can be conveniently and accurately butted.

Description

Base welding method and manufacturing process
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of large-scale load-bearing chassis, in particular to a base welding method and a manufacturing process.
Background
The base is used as a bearing and connecting part, the weight is often very large, particularly the weight of the base for mounting oversize equipment such as large punching machines, machine tools and the like generally exceeds 100t, and finished products are obtained by assembling and welding all elements in sequence and carrying out heat treatment.
The inventor finds, in the manufacturing process to this kind of super-huge base, adopt traditional assembly welding technology to need arrange the welding according to the layer, lead to whole assembly welding inefficiency, and in welding process, need carry out a large amount of upsets to the base, in order to carry out the cooperation of each surface element and the welding under the different angles, along with the going on of assembly welding, still need carry out the upset of bulky partial having accomplished when welding small-size component, thereby operating efficiency after the upset at every turn is low, there is a large amount of repeated upset actions, a large amount of time has been wasted, influence the efficiency of whole manufacturing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The base is divided into two large parts to be synchronously assembled and welded respectively, the welding methods of the two parts are consistent, assembly welding of the middle connecting part is carried out after the assembly welding of the two parts is finished, finally, folding welding is carried out, and the mode of welding and final combination of the two parts is adopted, so that the turnover frequency is reduced, and more efficient machining is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a base welding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
welding a pair of mutually parallel C-shaped steel assemblies on a horizontally placed first substrate, wherein the two C-shaped steel assemblies are respectively positioned at two ends of the top surface of the first substrate and are vertical to the first substrate; disposing another pair of C-section steel assemblies on the second substrate in the same manner;
welding a pair of parallel through bolt assemblies on the top surface of the first substrate, wherein two ends of each through bolt assembly are respectively connected with two C-shaped steel assemblies, and the through bolt assemblies are perpendicular to the C-shaped steel assemblies to jointly form a rectangular first frame structure; disposing another pair of through-bolt assemblies on the top surface of the second substrate in the same manner, resulting in a rectangular second frame structure;
turning one of the first substrate and the second substrate to enable the top surface of the first substrate to face downwards, fixing the central component on the bottom surface of the first substrate through positioning welding, correspondingly placing the other substrate on the central component in a mode that the bottom surface of the central component faces downwards, and fixing the central component through positioning welding;
and carrying out folding welding on the position where the central assembly is connected with the first substrate and the second substrate.
Furthermore, the C-shaped steel assembly comprises a first plate, a second plate and a third plate which are sequentially connected, the first plate and the third plate are parallel to each other, and two ends of the second plate are respectively connected with the first plate and the third plate to form a C-shaped structure with an opening.
Furthermore, the second plate is perpendicular to the first plate, and the C-shaped steel assembly is welded on the first base plate and the second base plate in a mode that the opening of the C-shaped steel assembly faces upwards.
Furthermore, for the through bolt assembly, the through bolt assembly is firstly assembled with the first base plate and the second base plate respectively, the internal sealing part of the through bolt assembly is transversely welded, and other welding seams are not welded.
Furthermore, after the first base plate and the second base plate are folded and welded, the posture is adjusted, and the other welding seams of the through bolt assembly are subjected to flat welding.
Further, after the through bolt assembly is welded, corresponding side plate accessories are arranged on the top surfaces of the first base body and the second base body which are horizontally placed, and positioning welding is carried out.
Furthermore, after the first substrate and the second substrate are folded and welded, the posture is adjusted, and the side plate accessories are subjected to flat welding.
Further, a first transport vehicle is disposed in the first area, and the first carriage places the container transported to the first area on the first transport vehicle to be delivered, or picks up the container transported by the first transport vehicle and transports the container to the storage unit.
Furthermore, after the first substrate and the second substrate are folded and welded, posture adjustment is carried out and corresponding welding seams are welded, and after the posture is adjusted every time, all welding seams adopting flat welding in the posture are completed.
The application also provides a manufacturing process of the base, which comprises the following steps:
blanking to obtain elements to be assembled and welded;
assembling and welding each element by adopting the base welding method;
flame straightening, namely performing flame shape adjustment on a local plane;
annealing, namely removing welding stress in the welding seam by adopting stress relief annealing;
and (5) sand blasting and paint spraying.
Further, the flame straightening is carried out under the following conditions: the flatness tolerance value is larger than 3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the base is divided into two parts for welding during welding, the two parts are operated simultaneously, the workload completed in unit time is increased, and the assembly welding efficiency is effectively increased;
(2) the base is divided into two parts for processing, so that the weight born by a crane during hoisting and overturning is effectively reduced, the assembly is safer and more controllable in the overturning process, and the two parts can be conveniently and accurately butted;
(3) after the two substrates are folded, all the elements are fixed at corresponding positions, so that the subsequent welding process is facilitated, and therefore, after each turnover, all welding which can be carried out in the posture is completed, repeated turnover is avoided, and the efficiency of effective processing after each turnover is improved;
(4) in welding process, according to the gesture welding of preferably violently welding of carrying on, to other welding seams that can't carry on violently welding under this gesture carry on the butt welding after the adjustment gesture, through the mode of violently welding and butt welding, to the operation that can be convenient of welded process, can stably improve welding efficiency and welding seam quality.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a base structure obtained after welding in embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the composition of a C-section steel assembly of a base in example 1 of the present application.
Wherein: 1. c-shaped steel assembly, 2, first base plate, 3, second base plate, 4, through bolt assembly, 5, center assembly, 6, side plate accessory, 101, first plate, 102, second plate, 103 and third plate.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this application, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present application should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "fixed" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As introduced in the background art, in the manufacturing process of the super-huge base in the prior art, the traditional assembly welding process needs to arrange welding according to layers, so that the overall assembly welding efficiency is low, in addition, in the welding process, the base needs to be overturned greatly to match each surface element and weld at different angles, and along with the assembly welding, large-volume completed part overturning is still needed to be carried out when the small-sized element is welded, so that the operation efficiency after overturning at each time is low, a large amount of repeated overturning actions exist, a large amount of time is wasted, the efficiency of the whole manufacturing process is influenced, and aiming at the technical problems, the base welding method and the manufacturing process are provided.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a welding method suitable for use with an oversized base is provided, as shown in fig. 1-2.
Different from the traditional mode of gradually assembling and welding the base, the base is divided into two large parts, the assembling and welding methods of the two large parts are consistent, the two large parts are in mirror symmetry relative to a central reference surface, after the assembling and welding of the two large parts are finished, the assembling and welding of the middle part are carried out, and finally the folding and welding are carried out to finish the welding.
The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing a first substrate 2 and a second substrate 3, welding a pair of mutually parallel C-shaped steel assemblies 1 on the first substrate, and respectively locating the two C-shaped steel assemblies at two ends of the top surface of the first substrate and being vertical to the first substrate; simultaneously welding another pair of parallel C-shaped steel assemblies on a second substrate, wherein the two C-shaped steel assemblies are respectively positioned at two ends of the top surface of the second substrate and are vertical to the second substrate;
welding a pair of parallel through bolt assemblies 4 on the top surface of the first substrate, wherein two ends of each through bolt assembly are respectively connected with two C-shaped steel assemblies, and the through bolt assemblies are perpendicular to the C-shaped steel assemblies to jointly form a rectangular first frame structure; similarly, another pair of parallel through bolt assemblies is welded on the top surface of the second substrate, and two ends of each through bolt assembly are respectively connected with two C-shaped steel assemblies and are perpendicular to the C-shaped steel assemblies to jointly form a rectangular second frame structure;
turning one of the first substrate and the second substrate to enable the top surface of the first substrate to face downwards, namely enabling the rectangular frame structure to face the ground, fixing the central component 5 on the bottom surface of the central component through positioning welding, correspondingly placing the other substrate on the central component in a mode that the bottom surface of the central component faces downwards, and fixing the central component through positioning welding;
and carrying out folding welding on the position where the central assembly is connected with the first substrate and the second substrate.
It should be noted that, in the above process, the first substrate and the second substrate have the same structure, and after being butted, the substrates are precisely butted in a manner that the edges are flush; in this embodiment, the first substrate and the second substrate are both substantially rectangular.
After the C-shaped steel assembly is welded, flame shaping is carried out, the workpiece is heated to 500-650 ℃ (the appearance is blackish brown), if the deformation is too large, a heavy object needs to be added at the bulge, and the next assembly work can be carried out when the measured flatness tolerance value is less than or equal to 3 mm.
The base is divided into two parts for processing, so that the weight born by a crane during hoisting and overturning is effectively reduced, the assembly is safer and more controllable in the overturning process, and the two parts can be conveniently and accurately butted.
Furthermore, the C-shaped structural plate needs to be assembled and welded in advance, the C-shaped steel assembly comprises a first plate 101, a second plate 102 and a third plate 103 which are connected in sequence, the first plate and the third plate are parallel to each other, and two ends of the second plate are respectively connected with the first plate and the third plate to form a C-shaped structure with an opening together;
the second plate is perpendicular to the first plate, and the C-shaped steel assembly is welded on the first base plate or the second base plate in a mode that the opening of the C-shaped steel assembly faces upwards.
Preferably, in this embodiment, when the C-shaped steel assemblies are assembled, the welding positions need to be subjected to reverse deformation, the C-shaped steel assemblies on both sides are subjected to reverse deformation with the perpendicularity of 24 ° in the direction away from the corresponding plate, and the assembly and the welding are completed to serve as the reference for subsequent assembly.
Further, for the through bolt assembly, the through bolt assembly is firstly assembled with the first base plate and the second base plate respectively, the sealing part in the through bolt assembly is transversely welded, and other welding seams are not welded;
and after the first base plate and the second base plate are folded and welded, adjusting the posture, and carrying out flat welding on the rest welding seams of the through bolt assembly.
In this embodiment, the bolt run through the subassembly for current finished product structure, realize the support to a pair of side top of base plate to connect a pair of C shaped steel subassembly, form the frame construction of rectangle, this application is to its welding process's reasonable optimization, and it is not restricted to run through the concrete structure of subassembly to the bolt, as long as can accomplish foretell function can.
When first base plate and second base plate are kept flat, adopt the convenient horizontal welding of going on to carry out horizontal welding earlier to the through bolt subassembly, it with the welding seam wait first base plate and second base plate fold the back, adjust to and carry out horizontal welding after the suitable gesture, whole in-process is in the gesture of convenient processing all the time when processing the welding seam to the inconvenient welding problem that non-horizontal welding or horizontal welding mode under other angles arouse has been solved.
It should be noted that the through bolt assembly is provided with a cavity with an opening, the cavity is welded on the base body to form a relative sealing structure, a welding seam for forming the sealing structure of the through bolt assembly is completed in a transverse welding mode, other welding seams are not welded, then the through bolt sealing plate is assembled on one side of the through bolt assembly, which is far away from the base plate, but welding is not performed, and after the first base plate and the second base plate are folded, when the position suitable for the through bolt sealing plate to be subjected to flat welding is adjusted, the through bolt sealing plate and the through bolt assembly are subjected to flat welding connection.
In welding process, according to the gesture welding of preferably violently welding of carrying on, to other welding seams that can't carry on violently welding under this gesture carry on the butt welding after the adjustment gesture, through the mode of violently welding and butt welding, to the operation that can be convenient of welded process, can stably improve welding efficiency and welding seam quality.
Further, after the through bolt assembly is welded, arranging corresponding side plate accessories 6 on the top surfaces of the first base body and the second base body which are horizontally placed, and performing positioning welding;
the side plate accessories are in multiple types and have the main function of butting external elements above the base, so that the side plate accessories are positioned at present in order to ensure the welding quality and the convenience of operation during welding, and then are subjected to flat welding after the first base plate and the second base plate are closed and butted, so that the side plate accessories and the base plates are butted and fixed.
Furthermore, after the first substrate and the second substrate are folded and welded, posture adjustment is carried out, after a posture is adjusted, corresponding welding seams under the posture are welded, and it needs to be pointed out that after the posture is adjusted every time, all welding seams adopting flat welding under the posture are completed, and the influence on efficiency due to repeated overturning caused by omission is avoided.
After the two substrates are folded, all elements are fixed at corresponding positions, so that the subsequent welding process is facilitated, after the substrates are turned at every time, all welding which can be carried out in the posture can be completed, repeated turning is avoided, and the efficiency of effective processing after turning at every time is improved.
After the first base plate and the second base plate are folded, only two times of side turning, two times of standing and one time of back-off are needed to be carried out on the folded base, and then the flat welding needed by all welding seams can be completed.
Of course, it is understood that after welding is completed, flaw detection is performed on the weld.
Example 2
In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, a process for fabricating a base using the above-described welding method is provided.
Blanking, namely blanking by adopting a numerical control flame cutting machine to obtain each element, strictly according to the drawing size, reserving welding shrinkage according to the integral length of a workpiece by adding 10mm, the width by adding 6mm and the height by adding 4mm, and correcting by adopting flame when the flatness tolerance value exceeds 3 mm;
assembly welding, namely assembling and welding each element by adopting the base welding method in the embodiment 1;
flame straightening, namely performing flame shape adjustment on positions with over-poor local flatness or large deformation, heating the workpiece to 500-650 ℃ (the appearance is tawny), and adding a heavy object at a bulge if the deformation is too large;
annealing, namely removing welding stress in the welding seam by utilizing stress relief annealing;
and (4) sand blasting and paint spraying, wherein the sand blasting is carried out to ISO Sa 21/2 according to the product, and the paint spraying is carried out, so that the processing is finished.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A base welding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
welding a pair of mutually parallel C-shaped steel assemblies on a horizontally placed first substrate, wherein the two C-shaped steel assemblies are respectively positioned at two ends of the top surface of the first substrate and are vertical to the first substrate; disposing another pair of C-section steel assemblies on the second substrate in the same manner;
welding a pair of parallel through bolt assemblies on the top surface of the first substrate, wherein two ends of each through bolt assembly are respectively connected with two C-shaped steel assemblies, and the through bolt assemblies are perpendicular to the C-shaped steel assemblies to jointly form a rectangular first frame structure; disposing another pair of through-bolt assemblies on the top surface of the second substrate in the same manner, resulting in a rectangular second frame structure;
turning one of the first substrate and the second substrate to enable the top surface of the first substrate to face downwards, fixing the central component on the bottom surface of the first substrate through positioning welding, correspondingly placing the other substrate on the central component in a mode that the bottom surface of the central component faces downwards, and fixing the central component through positioning welding;
and carrying out folding welding on the position where the central assembly is connected with the first substrate and the second substrate.
2. The pedestal welding method according to claim 1, wherein the C-shaped steel assembly comprises a first plate, a second plate and a third plate which are connected in sequence, the first plate and the third plate are parallel to each other, and two ends of the second plate are respectively connected with the first plate and the third plate to form a C-shaped structure with an opening together.
3. The pedestal welding method according to claim 2, wherein the second plate is perpendicular to the first plate, and the C-shaped steel assembly is welded to the first base plate and the second base plate in a manner that the opening of the C-shaped steel assembly faces upwards.
4. The pedestal welding method according to claim 1, wherein after the through-bolt assembly is welded, corresponding side plate attachments are arranged on the top surfaces of the first base body and the second base body laid flat, and tack welding is performed.
5. The pedestal welding method according to claim 4, wherein after the first base plate and the second base plate are welded together, the posture is adjusted to perform the flat welding of the side plate attachment.
6. The pedestal welding method according to claim 1, wherein after the first base plate and the second base plate are welded together, the attitude adjustment is performed and the corresponding weld joint is welded, and after each attitude adjustment, all the weld joints adopting the flat welding in the attitude are completed.
7. A base manufacturing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
blanking to obtain elements to be assembled and welded;
assembling and welding the components by the pedestal welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
flame straightening, namely performing flame shape adjustment on a local plane;
annealing, namely removing welding stress in the welding seam by adopting stress relief annealing;
and (5) sand blasting and paint spraying.
8. The base fabrication process of claim 7, wherein the flame straightening is performed under conditions of: the flatness tolerance value is larger than 3 mm.
CN201910740727.6A 2019-08-12 2019-08-12 Base welding method and manufacturing process Active CN110369898B (en)

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CN112064679A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-11 广船国际有限公司 Construction method of wall block in steel shell of immersed tunnel
CN112059457B (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-12-27 中国船舶重工集团柴油机有限公司 Welding method and manufacturing process of press body

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US20130118648A1 (en) * 2011-11-16 2013-05-16 Yoshiaki Saito Method of manufacturing ice confection mold
CN105127761A (en) * 2015-09-27 2015-12-09 周峰 Welded-type numerical control machine tool base
CN205573096U (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-09-14 宁国真瑞汽车零部件有限公司 A combination formula base for four -axis press
CN110102852B (en) * 2019-06-17 2021-01-22 中国船舶重工集团柴油机有限公司 Assembly welding method for press slide block
CN110091092B (en) * 2019-06-17 2020-12-22 中国船舶重工集团柴油机有限公司 Assembly welding method for upper cross beam of press

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Address after: 266520 No. 501 Lijiang East Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong

Patentee after: China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation Diesel ENGINE Co.,Ltd.

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