CN110369814B - Caliper gauge and method for controlling thread starting point by using caliper gauge - Google Patents
Caliper gauge and method for controlling thread starting point by using caliper gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN110369814B CN110369814B CN201910726461.XA CN201910726461A CN110369814B CN 110369814 B CN110369814 B CN 110369814B CN 201910726461 A CN201910726461 A CN 201910726461A CN 110369814 B CN110369814 B CN 110369814B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/44—Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting
- B23G1/52—Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting for operating on pipes or tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
Abstract
A caliper gauge and a method for controlling a thread starting point by using the caliper gauge are disclosed, wherein the caliper gauge comprises a first reference section and a second reference section which are perpendicular to each other, one side, facing the second reference section, of the first reference section is a measuring surface, a spiral saw is arranged on the second reference section, one side, far away from the first reference section, of the spiral saw is a positioning surface, the positioning surface is parallel to the measuring surface, the distance between the positioning surface and the measuring surface is a thread pitch, and the angular orientation of the position, which is one time of the thread pitch, away from the thread starting point can be controlled by the caliper gauge, so that the starting point position is ensured to meet the design requirement, and the screwing sealing of two pipe fittings at the middle point of a connecting nut is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a caliper gauge and a method for controlling a starting point of a coarse-pitch sawtooth thread by using the caliper gauge.
Background
For the left-handed large-pitch and right-handed large-pitch sawtooth threads for transferring motion, the two pipe fittings are driven to synchronously move oppositely at equal intervals to the end face for fitting and sealing when the connecting nut is screwed, and the connecting nut is ensured to be centered after assembly.
In order to satisfy the above requirements, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the starting points of the threads at both ends of the coupling nut must be on the same axial section, the starting points of the threads at both ends of the pipe must also be on the same axial section, and the angular orientation of the starting points of the threads on the same axial section is set to 0 °. If the starting point of the thread is not specified in the machining process, the connection nut and one end thread of one pipe fitting are screwed in the assembling process, the butt joint end of the other pipe fitting needs to be rotated by a certain angle, and then the threads can be screwed, so that the screwing lengths of the two pipe fittings and the connection nut are different, the axial displacements of the two pipe fittings are different, and the requirements of centering the nut after assembly and fitting and sealing the two pipe fittings at the end faces cannot be met.
When the thread starting point is required, the existing method is to mark the thread starting point by a fitter, and the cutter point is aligned to the marked thread starting point for turning during turning, so that the starting point is ensured to be coincident with a set point. The method adopts the prior art for processing, the marking error is between 0.2 and 0.5mm, the tool setting precision is greatly influenced by human objective factors, the requirements of a large thread pitch of precision transmission motion and the processing precision of a sawtooth thread on a starting point are difficult to meet, the thread processing involves three steps of rough processing, semi-finish processing and finish processing, the theoretical position of the starting point of the thread is difficult to find after processing due to extrusion, burr and flash generation and the like during the thread processing, particularly, in the semi-finish processing of the thread, the thread needs to be clamped again for tool setting alignment again, and the finding of the starting point during the rough processing by using a marking method is almost impossible.
Therefore, effective innovation of the prior art is needed to address the above drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a caliper and a method for controlling a thread starting point by using the caliper.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a caliper gauge, includes first benchmark section and the second benchmark section that mutually perpendicular set up, first benchmark section orientation one side of second benchmark section is the measuring surface, in set up the spiral shell saw on the second benchmark section, keep away from on the spiral shell saw one side of first benchmark section is the locating surface, the locating surface with measuring the face and parallel, just the locating surface with the interval of measuring the face is a pitch.
A method for controlling a thread start point using the caliper, comprising the steps of:
1) before performance heat treatment, end face allowance is reserved at two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, a theoretical thread starting point is marked on the outer circumference side or the inner circumference side which is away from the end face of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut by an end face allowance distance, a spiral boundary line is marked on the outer circumference side or the inner circumference side of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut along the full length direction of the thread by the theoretical thread starting point, a cutter starting point is advanced or retreated by a specific distance, another spiral boundary line is marked by lathing, threads are roughly machined in the two boundary line areas, and an actual thread starting point exists in the end face allowance of the roughly machined threads;
2) calculating the angle deviation of the position between the actual thread starting point and the theoretical thread starting point of the rough turning thread according to the end face allowance and the thread pitch, rotating the caliper gauge to the actual thread starting point from the theoretical thread starting point in the reverse spiral direction by a corresponding angle, clamping the screw saw of the caliper gauge into the tooth socket of the rough turning thread, and measuring that the dimensional accuracy of the position at one time of the thread pitch from the actual thread starting point meets the requirement;
3) after the performance heat treatment, lathing two spiral boundary lines by the same method in 1) through the starting point of the theoretical thread, checking whether the tooth space of the roughly lathed thread after the heat treatment is still in the two spiral boundary lines, and if the requirement is met, performing thread semi-finishing on the starting point of the theoretical thread; if the spiral boundary line can not completely envelop the rough thread, calculating a new theoretical thread starting point position, and then according to the new theoretical thread starting point, lathing and marking two spiral boundary lines in the full length direction of the thread by the method of 1) until the two spiral boundary lines can completely envelop the rough thread, and taking the new theoretical thread starting point as the theoretical thread starting point of the subsequent semi-finishing;
4) calculating the angle deviation of the position between the actual thread starting point and the theoretical thread starting point of the semi-finish turning thread according to the end face allowance and the thread pitch, rotating the caliper gauge to the actual thread starting point from the theoretical thread starting point in the reverse spiral direction by a corresponding angle, clamping the screw saw of the caliper gauge into the tooth socket of the semi-finish turning thread, and measuring the dimension precision of the thread pitch position which is one time of the actual thread starting point position to meet the requirement;
5) finish milling a spigot surface on the allowance of partial end surface of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, forming a measuring reference plane between the spigot surface and the allowance of the end surface which is not finish milled due to height difference, wherein one side surface of a first reference section of the caliper gauge is tightly propped against the measuring reference plane, a screw saw of the caliper gauge is clamped into a thread tooth groove, and the size of the distance between the spigot surface and the measuring surface of the caliper gauge is checked to judge whether theoretical thread starting points at two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut correspond to the same angle position or not, and when the distance exceeds a set range, the positions of the theoretical thread starting points at the two ends are ensured to be completely corresponding by correcting the allowance of the end surface;
6) after the starting points of the threads at the two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut correspondingly meet the requirements, the residual end face allowance is completely corrected to be flush with the spigot face;
correspondingly, in the steps 1) and 3), no matter the marked theoretical thread starting point or the calculated new theoretical thread starting point is located on the same generatrix, the theoretical thread starting points located at the two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut are required to be located on the same generatrix;
accordingly, in step 1), the specific distance comprises 1/4 pitch lengths;
correspondingly, in the step 1), a margin is reserved between the rough-turned thread and the two boundary lines, so that the semi-finish machining and the finish machining of the subsequent thread are facilitated;
correspondingly, in the step 1), a directional mark is scribed on the end face of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, the directional mark comprises a cross mark passing through the center of the end face, and one end of the cross mark is connected with a bus where a theoretical thread starting point is located and used for indicating the direction of the theoretical thread starting point;
correspondingly, in the step 2), the total end face allowance on the pipe fitting or the connecting nut can be obtained by subtracting the required length from the total length of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, and the end face allowance on one end of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut is half of the total end face allowance;
correspondingly, in the steps 2) and 4), when the end face allowance of the thread starting point is a and the end face allowance is expected to be removed, the angle change theta from the theoretical thread starting point to the actual thread starting point is as follows: theta is a/T360 degrees, wherein T represents the thread pitch, and the angle of the caliper which needs to rotate in the reverse spiral direction is calculated through the margin a of the end face and the thread pitch T;
correspondingly, in the steps 2) and 4), the central line of the measuring surface of the caliper is coincided with the straight line where the radius of the end surface of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut is located, and the central line of the positioning surface of the caliper is ensured to pass through the rotation center of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, so that the measuring precision is improved;
correspondingly, in the steps 2) and 4), the measured distance between the end surface of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut and the measuring surface of the caliper is less than or equal to 0.1mm, and the dimensional accuracy meets the requirement;
correspondingly, in the step 3), the theoretical thread starting point angular deviation α: α is L/T360 ° according to the axial deviation L of the rough threading relative to the boundary line, wherein T represents the thread pitch, and a new theoretical thread starting point position is calculated according to the angular deviation;
correspondingly, in the step 5), an outer shoulder circle or an inner shoulder circle for butt joint is milled at the center of the spigot surfaces at the two ends of the pipe fitting, and the outer shoulder circle and the inner shoulder circle are matched in size;
correspondingly, in the step 5), the measurement reference plane is parallel to a first section, the first section is a section passing through a central axis of the bus where the theoretical thread starting point is located and the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, the circumference of the end face of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut is divided into a major arc and a minor arc by the measurement reference plane, the width difference of a semicircle corresponding to the major arc and a semicircle corresponding to the minor arc is equal to half of the width of the measuring surface of the caliper gauge, so that the caliper gauge can be accurately positioned at the center of the end face of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, and the accuracy of caliper gauge measurement is improved;
correspondingly, in the step 5), the measuring reference planes at the two ends are positioned on the same axial section, the flatness errors on the measuring reference planes are less than or equal to 0.05mm, the perpendicularity errors of the spigot surfaces at the two ends and the measuring reference planes are less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the measuring accuracy of the caliper gauge is ensured;
correspondingly, in the step 5), if the distance between the measuring surface and the spigot surface is less than 0.03mm, the starting point directions of the theoretical threads at the two ends of the two pipes or the connecting nut are consistent, and if the distance is greater than or equal to 0.03mm, the allowance of the end surface is corrected until the distance between the two ends is less than 0.03 mm.
It should be noted that "forward" and "backward" in the present invention refer to movement toward and away from the workpiece, respectively, and specifically, "forward" refers to movement toward the pipe or the coupling nut, and "backward" refers to movement away from the pipe or the coupling nut. "generatrix" means a line on the outer circumference of the pipe element or on the inner circumference of the coupling nut which can be parallel to the central axis in the same plane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) designing a caliper gauge capable of measuring one-time pitch, measuring the position one-time pitch away from the actual thread starting point by the caliper gauge to obtain the dimensional accuracy of the position, ensuring that the dimensional accuracy of the position at two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut meets the requirement, and then proving that the actual thread starting points at the two ends are in the position meeting the requirement;
2) converting the position of one-time pitch from the theoretical thread starting point by a formula theta/T360 degrees, and measuring by the same caliper gauge, so as to determine whether the actual thread starting points at two ends are at corresponding positions;
3) determining whether the theoretical thread starting point is correct or not by turning and scribing a spiral boundary line, and searching a new correct theoretical thread starting point by a formula α (L/T) 360 degrees so as to ensure that the theoretical thread starting points at two ends are in corresponding positions;
4) by arranging the measuring reference plane, a reference plane for positioning and measuring the caliper gauge is provided, so that measuring errors caused by manual correction and judgment in rough machining and semi-finish machining stages are avoided, and the measuring accuracy and the butt joint accuracy are improved;
5) end face allowances are arranged at two ends of the pipe fitting and the connecting nut, and the theoretical thread starting point positions at the two ends are ensured to correspond by correcting the end face allowances according to the measuring result of the caliper gauge in the thread machining process.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a starting point of threads at two ends of a pipe fitting;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of the starting point of the threads at the two ends of the coupling nut;
FIG. 2a is a schematic side view of a caliper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic top view of a caliper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a caliper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side or cross-sectional view of a theoretical thread start point and an actual thread start point for either end of a desired pipe or coupling nut;
FIG. 5a is a schematic view of a full envelope thread with helical boundary lines;
FIG. 5b is a schematic view showing the condition that the left boundary of the rough-turned thread tooth groove exceeds the spiral boundary;
FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram of the case where the right boundary of the rough-turned thread tooth groove exceeds the spiral boundary;
FIG. 6a is a schematic side view of a caliper gauge using a spigot surface on a pipe for positioning measurements;
FIG. 6b is a schematic front view of a caliper gauge using a spigot surface on a pipe for positioning measurements;
FIG. 6c is a side view of the caliper for positioning measurements using the stop surface on the coupling nut;
FIG. 6d is a schematic front view of the caliper gauge using the stop surface on the coupling nut for positioning measurements;
FIG. 7a is a schematic side view of the spigot face of the pipe;
FIG. 7b is a schematic view of the front view of the spigot face of the pipe;
FIG. 7c is a side view of the stop face of the coupling nut;
FIG. 7d is a front view of the stop face of the coupling nut;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fitting assembled by the coupling nut;
in the figure:
1. a pipe fitting;
2. a connecting nut;
3. a caliper gauge; 31. a first reference segment; 32. a second reference segment; 33. measuring the surface; 34. a spiral saw; 35. positioning the surface;
4. end face allowance;
5. a threaded gullet;
6. a spiral boundary line;
7. a spigot surface; 71. round outer shoulder;
8. measuring a reference plane;
9. and a bus bar.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, in one embodiment of the present invention, the caliper 3 includes a first reference section 31 and a second reference section 32 which are perpendicular to each other, a side of the first reference section 31 facing the second reference section 32 is a measuring surface 33, a saw 34 is disposed on the second reference section 32, a side of the saw 34 away from the first reference section 31 is a positioning surface 35, the positioning surface 35 is parallel to the measuring surface 33, and a distance between the positioning surface 35 and the measuring surface 33 is a pitch.
With the caliper 3 according to this embodiment, a method for controlling the starting point of the thread can be obtained, which is embodied by the following example, and comprises the following steps:
1) in the rough thread machining stage and before the performance heat treatment, as shown in fig. 4, reasonable end face margins 4 are reserved at two ends of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2, a theoretical thread starting point p is scribed at the outer circumference side or the inner circumference side which is away from the end face margin 4 of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2, the theoretical thread starting points p scribed at the two ends of the pipe fitting 1 are ensured to be positioned on the same bus 9, the theoretical thread starting points p scribed at the two ends of the connecting nut 2 are positioned on the same bus 9, and p1 is positioned at a pitch position which is one time of the theoretical thread starting point p. In view of the fact that the position of the marked theoretical thread starting point p is difficult to find in the subsequent processing process, directional signs are marked on the end faces of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 at the same time, for example, cross marks which are marked on the end faces of the two ends of the pipe fitting 1 and pass through the center of the end faces are marked for pointing to the direction of the theoretical thread starting point p, and arrow marks are marked on the end faces of the two ends of the connecting nut 2 (namely, the thick parts of the two end walls) and are used for pointing to the direction of the theoretical thread starting point p;
2) as shown in fig. 4, the theoretical thread starting point p is lathed to form a spiral boundary line 6 on the outer circumferential side or the inner circumferential side of the pipe fitting 1 or the coupling nut 2 along the full length direction of the thread, and then the starting point is advanced 1/4 pitch length to lath another spiral boundary line 6, and the rough threading is performed after leaving a margin in the area of the two boundary lines, as shown in fig. 4, the rough threading has an actual thread starting point b at the end face margin 4, wherein b1 is a position at a pitch twice as far as the actual thread starting point b;
3) calculating the end face allowance 4 of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 in advance, specifically, subtracting a required length from the full length of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 to obtain a total end face allowance 4 on the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2, wherein the end face allowance 4 on one end of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 is half of the total end face allowance 4, for example, the required length of each pipe fitting 1 is 1000mm, and if the pipe fitting length is 1020mm, the end face allowances 4 on the two ends are respectively 10 mm;
4) according to the end face allowance 4 and the thread pitch, calculating the angle deviation of the position between the actual thread starting point of the rough turning thread and the theoretical thread starting point, namely when the end face allowance 4 of the thread starting point is a and the end face allowance 4 is expected to be removed, the angle change theta value from the theoretical thread starting point position to the actual thread starting point position is as follows: θ is a/T × 360 °, where T represents a pitch, and the size of the angle of rotation of the caliper 3 in the reverse spiral direction is calculated from the end face margin 4 and the pitch, for example, the end face margin 4 is 10mm, and the angles of rotation in the reverse spiral direction are 112.5 °, 75 °, and 56.25 ° for pipes having pitches of 32mm, 48mm, and 64mm, respectively;
5) as shown in fig. 3, the center line of the measuring surface 33 of the caliper 3 coincides with the straight line where the radius of the end surface of the pipe 1 or the coupling nut 2 is located, in short, according to the directional mark scribed on the end surface, the positioning center line of the measuring surface 33 coincides with the mark pointing to the theoretical thread starting point, the measuring center line of the second reference section 32 coincides with the bus 9 pointed by the mark, then the caliper 3 is rotated by a corresponding angle in the reverse spiral direction to point to the direction of the actual thread starting point, the saw 34 of the caliper 3 is clamped into the rough turning thread tooth slot 5 (i.e. b 1) with a pitch one time larger than the actual thread starting point, for example, the measured distance between the end surface of the pipe 1 or the coupling nut 2 and the measuring surface 33 of the caliper 3 is less than or equal to 0.1mm to indicate that the dimensional accuracy meets the requirement, if the distance is larger than the distance, the rotation angle is too large, and the rotation positioning needs to be carried out again;
6) after the thread is roughly machined and is subjected to performance heat treatment, lathing two spiral boundary lines 6 according to the same method in the step 2) at the starting point of the theoretical thread, and checking whether the tooth grooves of the roughly machined thread subjected to heat treatment are still positioned in the two spiral boundary lines 6;
7) as shown in fig. 5a-5c, w represents the position range of the rough threading, w1 represents the position range of the spiral boundary line 6, as shown in fig. 5a, if the rough threading is within the spiral boundary line 6, thread semi-finishing can be carried out according to a theoretical thread starting point, if the rough threading is not completely within the spiral boundary line 6, a new theoretical thread starting point position is calculated, specifically, according to the axial deviation L of the rough threading relative to the boundary line, the theoretical thread starting point angular deviation α is calculated, α is L/T360 degrees, wherein T represents the thread pitch, the new theoretical thread starting point position is calculated according to the angular deviation, and the axial deviation has two conditions, as shown in fig. 5b, the tooth socket boundary line of the rough threading proximal end surface is deviated from the spiral boundary line 6, and then the corresponding angle is rotated along the spiral direction, as shown in fig. 5c, the tooth socket boundary line of the rough threading distal end surface is deviated from the spiral boundary line 6, and then the corresponding angle is rotated along the spiral direction;
8) depending on the method of 3), calculating an end face allowance 4, and calculating the angle deviation of the position between the actual thread starting point and the theoretical thread starting point of the semi-finish turning thread according to the end face allowance 4 and the thread pitch, namely when the end face allowance 4 of the thread starting point is a and the end face allowance 4 is removed in anticipation, the angle change theta value from the theoretical thread starting point position to the actual thread starting point position is: theta is a/T360 degrees, wherein T represents the thread pitch, and the angle of the caliper 3 which needs to rotate in the reverse spiral direction is calculated through the margin 4 of the end face and the thread pitch;
9) coinciding the positioning central line of the measuring surface 33 of the caliper 3 with the straight line where the radius of the end surface of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 is located, rotating the caliper 3 in the reverse spiral direction by a corresponding angle, so that the direction of the actual thread starting point can be pointed, clamping the screw saw 34 of the caliper 3 into the semi-finish turning thread tooth socket 5 (namely b 1) which is one time of the thread pitch away from the actual thread starting point, and measuring the dimensional accuracy of the position which is one time of the thread pitch away from the actual thread starting point, wherein for example, the measured distance between the end surface of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 and the measuring surface 33 of the caliper 3 is less than or equal to 0.1mm, which indicates that the dimensional accuracy meets the requirement, and if the distance is greater than the distance, the rotating;
10) after determining that the actual starting point positions of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 at the two ends after semi-finish turning correspond to each other, finish milling a spigot surface 7 on the allowance 4 of partial end surfaces of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2, wherein in order to improve the accuracy of caliper measurement, measurement reference planes at the two ends are required to be positioned on the same axial section, the flatness errors on the two measurement reference planes are respectively less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the perpendicularity errors of the spigot surfaces at the two ends and the measurement reference planes are respectively less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
It should be particularly noted that, for the finish surface 7 milled on the pipe fitting 1, the center of the finish surface is milled with an outer shoulder circle 71 (i.e. a boss arranged at the center of the finish surface) or an inner shoulder circle (i.e. a groove arranged at the center of the finish surface) which is convenient for the butt joint of the two pipe fittings 1, and the sizes of the outer shoulder circle 71 and the inner shoulder circle are matched. Therefore, as shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the spigot surface 7 is provided with an outer shoulder circle 71 or an inner shoulder circle, and after the spigot surface 7 is finely milled on the end surface allowance 4, three planes are respectively arranged at two ends of the pipe fitting 1, wherein one plane is the spigot surface 7, one plane is the end surface of the outer shoulder circle or the inner shoulder circle, the other plane is the end surface of the original end surface allowance 4, and the three planes have height differences; for the connecting nut 2, the outer shoulder circle 71 and the inner shoulder circle are not needed to carry out butt joint between the two nuts, so that as shown in fig. 6c and 6d, the wall thickness positions of the two ends of the connecting nut 2 only have two planes, one is a spigot surface 7, and the other is the end surface of the original end surface allowance 4;
a measuring reference plane 8 is formed between the spigot surface 7 and the allowance 4 of the end surface which is not finely milled due to the height difference, the measuring reference plane 8 is parallel to a first section, the first section is a section passing through a bus where a theoretical thread starting point is located and the central axis of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2, the measuring reference plane 8 divides the circumference of the end surface of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 into a major arc and a minor arc, the width difference of a semicircular area corresponding to the major arc and a semicircular area corresponding to the minor arc is equal to half of the width of the measuring surface 33 of the caliper 3, and the caliper 3 can be accurately measured and positioned only by abutting the caliper 3 against the measuring reference plane 8, and compared with the caliper 3) and the caliper 9), the positioning is more accurate by manually holding the caliper 3;
11) the screw saw 34 of the caliper gauge 3 is clamped in the thread tooth socket 5, the size of the distance between the stop surface 7 and the measuring surface 33 of the caliper gauge 3 is checked through a feeler gauge, whether theoretical thread starting points at two ends of the pipe fitting 1 or the connecting nut 2 completely correspond to the same angle position or not is judged, and when the distance exceeds a set range, the positions of the theoretical thread starting points at the two ends are ensured to correspond by continuously correcting the end surface allowance 4;
12) after the thread start points at both ends of the pipe 1 or the coupling nut 2 are completely aligned, as shown in fig. 7a to 7d, the remaining end face margins 4 are all corrected to be flush with the spigot face 7. Fig. 8 shows that the two pipe fittings 1 are synchronously screwed on the connecting nut 2.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling a thread starting point by using a caliper, wherein the caliper comprises a first reference section and a second reference section which are perpendicular to each other, one side of the first reference section, facing the second reference section, is a measuring surface, a screw saw is arranged on the second reference section, one side of the screw saw, far away from the first reference section, is a positioning surface, the positioning surface is parallel to the measuring surface, and the distance between the positioning surface and the measuring surface is a thread pitch, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before performance heat treatment, end face allowance is reserved at two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, a theoretical thread starting point is marked on the outer circumference side or the inner circumference side which is away from the end face of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut by an end face allowance distance, a spiral boundary line is marked on the outer circumference side or the inner circumference side of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut along the full length direction of the thread by the theoretical thread starting point, a cutter starting point is advanced or retreated by a specific distance, another spiral boundary line is marked by lathing, threads are roughly machined in the two boundary line areas, and an actual thread starting point exists in the end face allowance of the roughly machined threads;
2) calculating the angle deviation of the position between the actual thread starting point and the theoretical thread starting point of the rough turning thread according to the end face allowance and the thread pitch, rotating the caliper gauge to the actual thread starting point from the theoretical thread starting point in the reverse spiral direction by a corresponding angle, clamping the screw saw of the caliper gauge into the tooth socket of the rough turning thread, and measuring that the dimensional accuracy of the position at one time of the thread pitch from the actual thread starting point meets the requirement;
3) after the performance heat treatment, lathing two spiral boundary lines by the same method in 1) through the starting point of the theoretical thread, checking whether the tooth space of the roughly lathed thread after the heat treatment is still in the two spiral boundary lines, and if the requirement is met, performing thread semi-finishing on the starting point of the theoretical thread; if the spiral boundary line can not completely envelop the rough thread, calculating a new theoretical thread starting point position, and then according to the new theoretical thread starting point, lathing and marking two spiral boundary lines in the full length direction of the thread by the method of 1) until the two spiral boundary lines can completely envelop the rough thread, and taking the new theoretical thread starting point as the theoretical thread starting point of the subsequent semi-finishing;
4) calculating the angle deviation of the position between the actual thread starting point and the theoretical thread starting point of the semi-finish turning thread according to the end face allowance and the thread pitch, rotating the caliper gauge to the actual thread starting point from the theoretical thread starting point in the reverse spiral direction by a corresponding angle, clamping the screw saw of the caliper gauge into the tooth socket of the semi-finish turning thread, and measuring the dimension precision of the thread pitch position which is one time of the actual thread starting point position to meet the requirement;
5) finish milling a spigot surface on the allowance of partial end surface of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, forming a measuring reference plane between the spigot surface and the allowance of the end surface which is not finish milled due to height difference, wherein one side surface of a first reference section of the caliper gauge is tightly propped against the measuring reference plane, a screw saw of the caliper gauge is clamped into a thread tooth groove, and the size of the distance between the spigot surface and the measuring surface of the caliper gauge is checked to judge whether theoretical thread starting points at two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut correspond to the same angular position or not;
6) after the starting points of the threads at the two ends of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut correspondingly meet the requirements, the residual end face allowance is completely corrected to be flush with the spigot face.
2. A method for controlling thread starting point using a caliper according to claim 1, wherein in steps 1) and 3), whether the theoretical thread starting point is drawn or the new theoretical thread starting point is calculated, it is ensured that the theoretical thread starting points at both ends of the pipe or coupling nut are located on the same generatrix.
3. A method for controlling the starting point of a thread by means of a caliper according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1), the specific distance comprises 1/4 pitch lengths, and it is ensured that a margin remains between the rough-cut thread and the two boundary lines, which facilitates the semi-finishing and the finishing of the subsequent thread.
4. A method for controlling a thread starting point using the caliper according to claim 1, wherein in steps 2) and 4), when the end surface allowance at the thread starting point is a and the end surface allowance is expected to be removed, the angle change θ from the theoretical thread starting point to the actual thread starting point is: and theta = a/T360 degrees, wherein T represents the thread pitch, and the angle of the caliper which needs to rotate in the reverse spiral direction is calculated according to the end surface allowance a and the thread pitch T.
5. A method for controlling the thread starting point by using the caliper as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps 2) and 4), the center line of the measuring surface of the caliper is coincided with the line of the radius of the end surface of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, so as to ensure that the center line of the positioning surface of the caliper passes through the rotation center of the pipe fitting or the connecting nut, thereby improving the measuring accuracy.
6. A method for controlling the starting point of a thread by using the caliper as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 3), the theoretical thread starting point angular deviation α: α is L/T360 ° according to the axial deviation L of the rough threading from the boundary line, wherein T represents the thread pitch, and the new theoretical thread starting point position is calculated according to the angular deviation.
7. The method for controlling the thread starting point by using the caliper as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the measuring reference plane is parallel to a first section, the first section is a section passing through a generatrix where the theoretical thread starting point is located and the central axis of the pipe fitting or the coupling nut, and the measuring reference plane divides the circumference of the end face of the pipe fitting or the coupling nut into a major arc and a minor arc, and the difference of the widths of the semicircular areas corresponding to the major arc and the minor arc is equal to half of the width of the measuring surface of the caliper.
8. The method for controlling the starting point of the thread by using the caliper as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the measuring reference planes at both ends are on the same axial section, the flatness error of each measuring reference plane is less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the perpendicularity error of the stop surface and the measuring reference plane at both ends is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
9. The method for controlling a thread starting point using the caliper as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the distance between the measuring surface and the stop surface is less than 0.03mm, the theoretical thread starting point direction positions of both ends of the two pipes or the coupling nut are identical, and if the distance is greater than or equal to 0.03mm, the margin of the end surface is corrected until the distance between both ends is less than 0.03 mm.
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| CN111958066B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-12-02 | 天津大学 | Machining method of thread pair with controllable circumferential positioning angle |
| CN113028952B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2023-09-26 | 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 | Method for calibrating fixed-start thread gauge |
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| US5454175A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-10-03 | Li; Kam K. | Internal caliper |
| CN201532163U (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-07-21 | 吕晔 | Non-standard 139.7mm NC41 drilling tool nipple gauge |
| CN103090755B (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2015-01-28 | 纽威石油设备（苏州）有限公司 | Trapezoid screw snap gauge and detecting method for detecting pitch diameter of thread |
| CN103175457A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-26 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Quick measuring tool for effective lengths of internal threads |
| CN103759694A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-30 | 刘万钧 | Thread detection device |
| CN204007462U (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-10 | 西安泰锐精密机械科技有限公司 | A kind of oil joint internal thread pitchometer |
| CN204963752U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-13 | 山东墨龙石油机械股份有限公司 | Model is measured with helix to multistage screw thread |
| CN205008812U (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-03 | 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 | Interior thread processing instrument of super large pitch |
| CN205002690U (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-27 | 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 | Coarse pitch thread profile gauge rule |
| CN106238834B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-04-03 | 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method for determining starting point screw thread |
| CN206593548U (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-10-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | The micrometer of measurable internal thread many kinds of parameters |
| CN207763625U (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-08-24 | 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 | A kind of sawtooth pattern king-bolt accuracy of thread comprehensive check tool |
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