CN110365047A - A kind of grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system containing distributed photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents
A kind of grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system containing distributed photovoltaic power generation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of system containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, establish electric network fault event information model and photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model；Event of failure is emulated at random using Monte Carlo Method；Relevant parameter is obtained from the simulation result of event of failure；Calculate the off-grid probability of each photovoltaic generating system；Calculate the Injection Current desired value of each photovoltaic generating system；The fault point short circuit current under current failure event is calculated according to the Injection Current desired value of each photovoltaic generating system；Fault point short circuit current is counted, to obtain the probability distribution of fault point short circuit current.The present invention is solved the simulated fault event that uncertain problem is converted into multiple determinations using Probability & Statistics method, embodies the objectivity to short circuit current probability assessment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to the grid short circuit electric current of the system containing distributed photovoltaic power generation
Probability evaluation method of failure.
Background technique
Distributed photovoltaic power generation has clean and effective, the nearby advantages such as utilization and adaptation to local conditions, and photovoltaic power generation exists in recent years
Installed capacity in power distribution network constantly expands.When photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting point voltage falls, it must be protected by low voltage crossing requirement
Not off-grid operation is held, the short circuit current of injection is codetermined by grid entry point Voltage Drop and low voltage crossing control；And it is grid-connected
Photovoltaic power generation allows out of service when voltage seriously falls, and photovoltaic power generation injects power grid without short circuit current at this time.Meanwhile power grid event
The enchancement factor that barrier occurs causes photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting point Voltage Drop to have randomness, so that short during photovoltaic power generation failure
Road electric current shows uncertainty, assesses the random variation range of short circuit current of the active distribution network containing distributed photovoltaic power generation thus
It is of great significance with distribution situation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of grid short circuit electricity of system containing distributed photovoltaic power generation
Probability evaluation method of failure is flowed, is solved in the prior art since photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting point Voltage Drop randomness causes short circuit current to be difficult to
Determining technical problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs the following technical solutions: one kind containing distributed photovoltaic power generation
The grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of system, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: establishing electric network fault event information model and photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model；
Step 2: randomly selecting the fault message in electric network fault information model using Monte Carlo Method, and using being extracted
Fault message event of failure is emulated；
Step 3: trouble duration, each photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end electricity are obtained from the simulation result of event of failure
The maximum current that pressure and each photovoltaic generating system may export when being incorporated into the power networks；
Step 4: trouble duration and photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage are substituted into photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid
Probabilistic model calculates the off-grid probability of each photovoltaic generating system under current failure event；
Step 5: calculating the Injection Current desired value of each photovoltaic generating system under current failure event, wherein i-th of photovoltaic
The Injection Current desired value of electricity generation system is (1-Ppvi,n)·Ipvi,n, the current simulation times of n expression event of failure, Ppvi,nTable
Show the off-grid probability of i-th of photovoltaic generating system under current failure event, Ipvi,nIndicate i-th of photovoltaic hair under current failure event
The maximum current that electric system may export when being incorporated into the power networks；
Step 6: current failure thing is calculated according to the Injection Current desired value of photovoltaic generating system each under current failure event
Fault point short circuit current I under partfn:
In formula, I 'fnIndicate the short circuit current that conventional power generating systems provide under current failure event, it can be by event of failure
Emulation acquisition is carried out, it, can be by I ' due to being analyzed for the power output situation under photovoltaic generating system failurefnIt is considered as 0；N is indicated
The total number of photovoltaic generating system；
Step 7: judging whether the current simulation times of event of failure are equal to setting value；If it is not, enabling n=n+1, and return to step
Rapid 2；If so, entering step 8；
Step 8: the fault point short circuit current under each event of failure is counted, to obtain the probability of fault point short circuit current
Distribution.
It further, include following fault message: faulty line, abort situation, failure classes in electric network fault information model
Type, trouble duration, failure transition impedance；The probability distribution difference of each fault message is as follows:
Faulty line probability distribution: it is approximately considered that the probability of malfunction of arbitrary point on route is identical, and the failure of every route is general
Rate is directly proportional to its length, then the probability of malfunction p of j-th strip routej:
In formula, LjIndicate the length of j-th strip route, m indicates route sum；
Abort situation probability distribution: each position in system on each route all has identical probability of malfunction, failure
Obey being uniformly distributed for [0,1] in position；
Fault type probability distribution: fault type includes three-phase shortcircuit, line to line fault, two-phase grounding fault, single-phase earthing
Short circuit, to the probability of happening of power grid accident fault condition activity various types failure for statistical analysis；
Trouble duration probability distribution: trouble duration is related with electromechanical protection device type and actuation time, if
Trouble duration obedience is desired for T, and standard deviation is the normal distribution of Δ t；
Failure transition impedance probability distribution: it sets failure transition impedance obedience and is desired for R, standard deviation is the normal distribution of Δ R.
Further, photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model is as follows:
In formula, PvnIndicate that photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probability, U indicate that photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage, t indicate
Trouble duration, tmaxThe longest of not off-grid operation is able to maintain when indicating photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end Voltage Drop to 0pu
Time, UmaxIndicate that off-grid runing time is not greater than tmaxWhen maximum voltage, UminIndicate that off-grid runing time is not greater than tmaxWhen
Minimum voltage, fx,y(t, U) indicates the joint probability density function of stochastic variable t and U, fx(t) indicate that stochastic variable t's is general
Rate density function, fy(U) probability density function of stochastic variable U is indicated.
Further, the probability density function f of stochastic variable tx(t):
In formula, σ1Indicate the distribution density of stochastic variable t, σ1=(0.15-0)/3=0.05；Existing research document shows:
When photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end Voltage Drop is to 0pu, not off-grid continuous operation 0.15s should ensure that, this is in formula
The value foundation of " 0.15 "；
The probability density function f of stochastic variable Uy(U):
In formula, σ2Indicate the distribution density of stochastic variable t, σ2=(0.2-Umin)/3=0.03, existing research show to work as light
Photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end Voltage Drop is nearby the critical state for keeping not off-grid operation to 0.2pu, this is " 0.2 " in formula
Value foundation；
The joint probability density function f of stochastic variable t and Ux,y(t, U):
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, it because of randomness and fluctuation that photovoltaic power system has, makes it difficult to predict it, need using general
Rate and statistical method carry out analysis modeling to electric system, to objectively be assessed network index and performance.Wherein cover
Special Caro method can be used for handling the stochastic problem of such multi-dimensional complicated system, and the core concept of this method is sampled in each step
In, by reflecting that the probability density function of each variable stochastic behaviour generates one group of random data, and carried out using these random data
A large amount of iterative calculation is repeatedly to obtain final result.
2, the present invention converts multiple determining events (simulated fault event) for uncertain problem and solves, each time
The all corresponding primary determining event of simulation calculation, simulation times are more just closer to truth, in combination with photovoltaic power generation short circuit
The uncertain factors such as current characteristics, low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model and fault message further carry out probability to short circuit current
Assessment.
3, when electric network fault containing photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic generating system has low voltage ride-through capability, voltage at grid entry point
Even if appearance is substantially fallen, photovoltaic power generation can still keep not off-grid operation according to grid-connected regulation, and in grid voltage sags process
Middle offer reactive current support.But grid entry point when end Voltage Drop and continues for some time, photovoltaic power generation very likely faces
Off-grid, and then change it and export electric current and system short-circuit level.Whether off-grid is fallen photovoltaic generating system by its grid entry point end voltage
It falls degree and the duration codetermines, therefore the present invention considers grid entry point end voltage with trouble duration to establish simultaneously
Photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model, and then in the failure process analysis for carrying out the power distribution network containing photovoltaic power generation, consider light
The off-grid probability of volt system, to extend traditional failure analysis methods.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 10kv feeder network structure chart in specific embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the Voltage Drop situation of grid-connected node 11；
Fig. 3 is the Voltage Drop situation of grid-connected node 12；
Fig. 4 is the Voltage Drop situation of grid-connected node 13；
Fig. 5 is the Voltage Drop situation of grid-connected node 10；
Fig. 6 be 1000 times emulation after photovoltaic generating system PV1 Injection Current desired value probability distribution result；
Fig. 7 be 1000 times emulation after photovoltaic generating system PV2 Injection Current desired value probability distribution result；
Fig. 8 be 1000 times emulation after photovoltaic generating system PV3 Injection Current desired value probability distribution result；
Fig. 9 be 1000 times emulation after photovoltaic generating system PV4 Injection Current desired value probability distribution result.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fujian somewhere 10kV feeder network structure as shown in Figure 1, wherein 11,12,13,10 nodes be respectively connected to 0.5MW,
The photovoltaic generating system of 1MW, 0.5MW, 1.5MW carry out fault simulation to route by MATLAB/Simulink.
Firstly, establishing electric network fault event information model and photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model:
Include following fault message in electric network fault information model: faulty line, abort situation, fault type, failure are held
Continuous time, failure transition impedance；The probability distribution difference of each fault message is as follows:
Faulty line probability distribution: it is approximately considered that the probability of malfunction of arbitrary point on route is identical, and the failure of every route is general
Rate is directly proportional to its length, then the probability of malfunction p of j-th strip routej:
In formula, LjIndicate the length of j-th strip route, m indicates route sum；
Abort situation probability distribution: each position in system on each route all has identical probability of malfunction, failure
Obey being uniformly distributed for [0,1] in position；
Fault type probability distribution: fault type includes three-phase shortcircuit, line to line fault, two-phase grounding fault, single-phase earthing
Short circuit, to the probability of happening of power grid accident fault condition activity various types failure for statistical analysis；
Trouble duration probability distribution: trouble duration is related with electromechanical protection device type and actuation time, if
Trouble duration obedience is desired for 0.18s, and standard deviation is the normal distribution of 0.06s.
Failure transition impedance probability distribution: failure transition impedance obedience is desired for 5 Ω, and standard deviation is the normal distribution of 1 Ω.
Photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model is as follows:
In formula, PvnIndicate photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probability；U indicates photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage；T is indicated
Trouble duration；tmaxIndicate to be able to maintain the maximum duration of not off-grid operation when holding Voltage Drop to 0pu；UmaxExpression does not take off
Net runing time is greater than tmaxWhen maximum voltage, UminIndicate that off-grid runing time is not greater than tmaxWhen minimum voltage, Umin、
UmaxIt is to be obtained by test of many times；fx,y(t, U) indicates the joint probability density function of stochastic variable t and U, fx(t) it indicates
The probability density function of stochastic variable t, fy(U) probability density function of stochastic variable U is indicated.
All photovoltaic generating systems U in low voltage ride-through capability test in present embodimentmin、UmaxAnd tmaxWhen
Respectively 0.1pu, 0.3pu and 0.2s.
The distribution density σ of stochastic variable t1: σ1=(0.15-0)/3=0.05；Existing research document shows: working as photovoltaic power generation
When system grid connection point end Voltage Drop is to 0pu, should ensure that not off-grid continuous operation 0.15s, this for " 0.15 " in formula value according to
According to.
The distribution density σ of stochastic variable t2: σ2=(0.2-Umin)/3=0.03, existing research show when photovoltaic power generation system
System grid entry point end Voltage Drop is nearby the critical state for keeping not off-grid operation to 0.2pu, this for " 0.2 " in formula value according to
According to.
The probability density function f of stochastic variable tx(t):
The probability density function f of stochastic variable Uy(U):
The joint probability density function f of stochastic variable t and Ux,y(t, U):
Simulation times setting value is 1000 times, is below acquired results after simulated program is run 1000 times, wherein photovoltaic
Grid entry point (i.e. node 11,12,13,10) Voltage Drop situation is as shown in Fig. 2 to 5.As seen from the figure, 4 photovoltaic power generation end voltage
The probability occurred when dropping to 0.5pu or less is larger, and part photovoltaic power generation may face off-grid, will generate to system short-circuit electric current
It influences, it is therefore necessary in conjunction with the Voltage Drop time, probability assessment be carried out to system short-circuit electric current.
The trouble duration generated by photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage obtained by each simulation calculation and at random
It brings its low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model into, the off-grid probability of each photovoltaic generating system under each secondary event of failure of emulation can be calculated
Ppvi,n, and then obtain the Injection Current desired value (1-P of photovoltaic generating system under this specified conditionspvi,n)·Ipvi,n.Fig. 6 to 9 is aobvious
The probability distribution result of the Injection Current desired value of each photovoltaic generating system in system after emulating is shown 1000 times.
As can be seen that each photovoltaic power generation short circuit current desired value is higher for 0 this event occurrence rate in Fig. 6 to 9, wherein
It is the most significant with photovoltaic PV4.Thus illustrate in actual motion, photovoltaic very likely faces off-grid and output electric current during failure
It is 0, to will affect the accurate evaluation to fault point short circuit current.Therefore its electric current need to be improved in conjunction with the practical off-grid situation of photovoltaic
Output is as a result, more realistically reflect operating status of the photovoltaic power generation during electric network fault from objective angle.Furthermore photovoltaic PV1,
Higher trend is also presented in probability of the PV3 and PV2 short circuit current desired value at 30A and 60A, and size of current and its capacity are big
Small to be positively correlated, wherein the capacity of photovoltaic PV2 is twice of PV1 and PV3, therefore short circuit current is also in twice.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of system containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Step 1: establishing electric network fault event information model and photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model；
Step 2: randomly selecting the fault message in electric network fault information model using Monte Carlo Method, and utilize extracted event
Barrier information emulates event of failure；
Step 3: from the simulation result of event of failure obtain trouble duration, each photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage with
And the maximum current that each photovoltaic generating system may export when being incorporated into the power networks；
Step 4: trouble duration and photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage are substituted into photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probability
Model calculates the off-grid probability of each photovoltaic generating system under current failure event；
Step 5: calculating the Injection Current desired value of each photovoltaic generating system under current failure event, wherein i-th of photovoltaic power generation
The Injection Current desired value of system is (1-Ppvi,n)·Ipvi,n, the current simulation times of n expression event of failure, Ppvi,nExpression is worked as
The off-grid probability of i-th of photovoltaic generating system, I under prior fault eventpvi,nIndicate i-th of photovoltaic power generation system under current failure event
The maximum current that system may export when being incorporated into the power networks；
Step 6: being calculated under current failure event according to the Injection Current desired value of photovoltaic generating system each under current failure event
Fault point short circuit current Ifn:
In formula, I 'fnIndicate that the short circuit current that conventional power generating systems provide under current failure event, N indicate photovoltaic generating system
Total number；
Step 7: judging whether the current simulation times of event of failure are equal to simulation times setting value；If it is not, enabling n=n+1, and return
To step 2；If so, entering step 8；
Step 8: the fault point short circuit current under each event of failure is counted, to obtain the probability point of fault point short circuit current
Cloth.
2. the grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system according to claim 1 containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, special
Sign is that include following fault message in electric network fault information model: faulty line, abort situation, fault type, failure are lasting
Time, failure transition impedance；The probability distribution difference of each fault message is as follows:
Faulty line probability distribution: it is identical to be approximately considered the probability of malfunction of arbitrary point on route, the probability of malfunction of every route with
Its length is directly proportional, then the probability of malfunction p of j-th strip routej:
In formula, LjIndicate the length of j-th strip route, m indicates route sum；
Abort situation probability distribution: each position in system on each route all has identical probability of malfunction, abort situation
Obey being uniformly distributed for [0,1]；
Fault type probability distribution: fault type includes three-phase shortcircuit, line to line fault, two-phase grounding fault, single-line to ground fault,
To the probability of happening of power grid accident fault condition activity various types failure for statistical analysis；
Trouble duration probability distribution: trouble duration is related with electromechanical protection device type and actuation time, if failure
Duration, which obeys, is desired for T, and standard deviation is the normal distribution of Δ t；
Failure transition impedance probability distribution: it sets failure transition impedance obedience and is desired for R, standard deviation is the normal distribution of Δ R.
3. the grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system according to claim 2 containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, special
Sign is that trouble duration obedience is desired for 0.18s, and standard deviation is the normal distribution of 0.06s.
4. the grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system according to claim 1 containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, special
Sign is that failure transition impedance obedience is desired for 5 Ω, and standard deviation is the normal distribution of 1 Ω.
5. the grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system according to claim 1 containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, special
Sign is that photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probabilistic model is as follows:
In formula, PvnIndicate that photovoltaic power generation low-voltage off-grid probability, U indicate that photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end voltage, t indicate failure
Duration, tmaxWhen being able to maintain the longest of off-grid operation when indicating photovoltaic generating system grid entry point end Voltage Drop to 0pu
Between, UmaxIndicate that off-grid runing time is not greater than tmaxWhen maximum voltage, UminIndicate that off-grid runing time is not greater than tmaxWhen
Minimum voltage, fx,y(t, U) indicates the joint probability density function of stochastic variable t and U, fx(t) probability of stochastic variable t is indicated
Density function, fy(U) probability density function of stochastic variable U is indicated.
6. the grid short circuit electric current probability evaluation method of failure of the system according to claim 5 containing distributed photovoltaic power generation, special
Sign is, the probability density function f of stochastic variable tx(t):
In formula, σ1Indicate the distribution density of stochastic variable t；
The probability density function f of stochastic variable Uy(U):
In formula, σ2Indicate the distribution density of stochastic variable t；
The joint probability density function f of stochastic variable t and Ux,y(t, U):
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| 范文杰: "计及继电保护动作的电压暂降评估", 《电力电容器与无功补偿》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111984925A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-24 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Circuit abnormity positioning method based on loop impedance, storage medium and computing equipment |
| CN111984925B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2024-03-12 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Circuit abnormality positioning method based on loop impedance, storage medium and computing device |
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