CN110365024B - Emergency control method for restraining sending-end fan off-line caused by direct-current commutation failure - Google Patents
Emergency control method for restraining sending-end fan off-line caused by direct-current commutation failure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an emergency control method for inhibiting the disconnection of a fan at a sending end caused by direct-current commutation failure, which takes the direct-current commutation failure as an emergency control starting condition, takes a voltage drop control area at the fan end as a criterion, and matches different low-penetration active and reactive control strategies according to the control area of the fan end drop, so that the risk of the disconnection of the large-scale fan at the sending end caused by the disordered disconnection of the fan due to the low-voltage penetration failure or the over-high transient overvoltage of the fan can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems and automation, and particularly relates to an emergency control method for restraining a sending-end fan from being disconnected due to direct-current commutation failure.
Background
The extra-high voltage direct current wind power delivery system represented by the direct current of the northwest QiShao bears the requirement of large-scale wind power centralized delivery in the near area of the delivery end. On one hand, the direct current matched reinforcing grid frame is seriously lagged, the direct current near-region power grid frame is weak, the voltage supporting capability is insufficient, on the other hand, the wind turbine generator and the wind power base dynamic reactive power compensation device are complex in voltage regulation characteristic, dispersed in control target and lack of coordination control, the wind power base in the actual power grid is integrally represented by the voltage regulation characteristic opposite to that of a conventional power supply, and the power grid adaptability is not strong. Under the condition of direct-current high-power transmission, transient voltage rise at the end of a near-region fan is easily caused to be overlarge after direct-current commutation fails, so that a large-scale fan is disconnected, and the risk of power grid breakdown is possibly caused. Simulation analysis and actual operation experience also show that the larger the wind power output of the extra-high voltage direct current weak sending end is, the more serious the transient overvoltage problem of the near-region wind turbine generator set after the direct current commutation failure is, and therefore, the larger the wind power output is, the relation of a seesaw with the direct current transmission capacity exists, and the capacity of consuming new energy in the extra-high voltage direct current cross-region is severely limited.
At present, the analysis of fan disconnection mainly focuses on the accident development process caused by alternating current short circuit fault. With the rapid operation of an external transmission system of an extra-high voltage direct current wind power base, simulation calculation and actual operation find that after direct current phase change failure occurs due to near-area alternating current short circuit fault of a receiving end converter station, the voltage of a transmitting end is caused to have the characteristic of low first and high second, and a large number of fans of a power grid of the transmitting end are disconnected under severe conditions. Based on simulation comparison and analysis of an actual fault recording curve, the following two main reasons of transient overvoltage of the wind power plant caused by direct current commutation failure are found, 1) reactive surplus of a filter of the direct current converter station is obtained; 2) active power of the wind turbine generator is reduced in a low-penetration period, and reactive power cannot return in time after the wind turbine generator goes out of the low-penetration period, so that reactive power of a main network is greatly surplus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an emergency control method for inhibiting the off-line of a fan at a sending end caused by the failure of direct current commutation, which takes the failure of direct current commutation as an emergency control starting condition and matches different emergency control strategies according to a control area of the drop of the fan end, and can effectively prevent the risk of the chain off-line of the large-scale fan at the sending end caused by the disordered off-line of the fan due to the high and low penetration failures of the fan.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an emergency control method for inhibiting off-line of a sending-end fan caused by direct-current commutation failure comprises the following steps:
1) determining a voltage drop setting value of a grid-connected point voltage drop trigger control action of the wind power plant;
2) marking out a control action area on a low voltage ride through requirement curve of the wind power plant according to the voltage drop setting value;
3) according to the control action area, making low-penetration reactive power control measures and low-penetration active power control measures, and determining the action time of each control measure;
4) according to the received direct current commutation failure information, starting an emergency control measure by the wind power plant control station;
5) and comparing the grid-connected point voltage track of the wind power plant with a low voltage ride through requirement curve of the wind power plant, and implementing corresponding control measures according to the control action area when the grid-connected point voltage track of the wind power plant continuously falls in the control action area for a certain time.
The determining of the voltage drop setting value of the wind power plant grid-connected point voltage drop trigger control action comprises the following steps:
and (3) evaluating the safety and stability of the power grid according to the operation mode, the power grid model, the parameters and the expected fault set of the power grid, and determining a voltage drop setting value by aiming at that a fan cannot be disconnected due to low-penetration and high-penetration failure after the extra-high voltage direct current commutation failure under the condition that wind turbine generators in the direct current near region with different grid frame strengths of the power grid are started.
The control operation area is divided into:
Vref1≤Vpccless than 0.9 is control action area I, Vref2≤Vpcc<Vref1V is more than or equal to 0.2 for controlling the action zone IIpcc<Vref2In order to control the action zone III,
wherein, VpccFor wind farm grid point voltage, Vref1And Vref2And is a voltage drop setting value.
The low-penetration reactive power control measures are as follows:
the low-penetration active control measures are as follows:
the low-penetration reactive power control measures and the low-penetration power control measures have to meet the following requirements:
wherein, IqFor low through-period reactive current of wind turbine generator, IdActive current of wind turbine generator during low penetration period, INFor rated current of wind farm, Id0For the value of the active current, k, during steady-state operation of the wind farm1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6Satisfies k as a response coefficient4<k5<k6,k1>k2>k3。
The action time of the control measures is 20ms to 30 ms.
The direct-current commutation failure information is sent to a direct-current commutation failure information substation by a direct-current control protection system and then sent to a wind power plant control station; the direct-current commutation failure information substation adopts a substation in a power grid control system.
The voltage track of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant is obtained by monitoring a measurement and control device installed on the wind power plant in real time.
In the step 5), the fixed time refers to an operation time of the control measure.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the method, the risk of disconnection of the large-scale fan at the sending end caused by disordered disconnection of the fan due to failure of low voltage ride through or overhigh transient overvoltage of the fan can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a requirement of China 'technical Specification for wind farm Access Power System' on low voltage ride through of a wind farm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wind farm low penetration control scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a wind farm low-penetration control scheme of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention provides an emergency control method for inhibiting off-line of a fan at a sending end caused by failure of direct current commutation, which comprises the following contents:
1) according to the power grid operation mode, the power grid model, the parameters and the expected fault set, evaluating the safety and stability of the power grid, and determining a voltage drop setting value V of the voltage drop trigger control action of the wind power plant grid connection pointref1And Vref2. Marking out a control action area on a low voltage ride through requirement curve of the wind power plant according to the setting value, and determining each control measureThe action time of (2).
In the invention, the operation modes of the power grid mainly comprise the starting of the current thermal power generating unit, the starting of the direct current near-zone wind power generating unit, the direct current different operation powers and the like.
In the invention, the power grid model refers to a power grid generator model, a direct current model, a load model, a new energy model, an SVC dynamic reactive power compensation model and the like. The parameters are the parameters and control parameters of the devices such as a generator, a line, a transformer and the like in the power grid, and the parameters are relatively fixed.
The expected faults comprise any alternating current N-1/N-2 faults and direct current faults which can occur in a power grid, and the invention mainly aims at direct current commutation failure faults.
The voltage of the machine end of the wind generating set has self low and high voltage protection fixed values, the low voltage protection is as shown in figure 1, and if the voltage change breaks through the protection fixed value during the fault period, the wind generating set can be disconnected. In the existing fan control strategy, a low voltage ride through requirement curve of a wind power plant is shown in fig. 1, no matter whether a fan falls into any non-grid-off area in fig. 1, active current and reactive current generated by the fan are consistent, 3 areas are defined on the basis, the voltage of the fan falls into different areas, and the active current and the reactive current are different in a low ride through period, namely fig. 2.
The voltage drop setting value is evaluated through the safety and stability of the power grid: under the conditions of different direct-current operating powers, different direct-current near-zone wind power starting and different thermal power starting, the voltage drop degree at the end of the fan is different after the direct-current commutation failure fault, the low-voltage off-grid can be caused due to serious drop, and the reactive power support power grid voltage is generated after the voltage drop of the fan is regulated by the current new energy enterprise for reducing the voltage drop.
The reactive power generated during the low voltage period of the fan can influence the overvoltage after the voltage of the system is recovered, too much power is generated, the main network is reactive, and the surplus power can cause the transient overvoltage of the fan to be off-line.
The control strategy provided by the invention aims to optimize the active and reactive power during the low-penetration period, so that the low-voltage off-line caused by the idle power generation during the low-voltage period of the fan and the high-voltage off-line caused by the idle power generation during the low-penetration period can be avoided after the direct current commutation failure of the fan.
The control action zone is divided as follows: according to the off-line time domain simulation calculation, the voltage drop setting value V of the wind turbine generator is determined by aiming at the condition that the fan cannot be disconnected due to low-penetration and high-penetration failure after the extra-high voltage direct current commutation failure under the condition that the wind turbine generator in the direct current near region with different net rack strengths of the power grid is started upref1And Vref2And defining a corresponding control action area.
The control action area is divided into: vref1≤VpccLess than 0.9 is the control action region I, Vref2≤Vpcc<Vref1V is more than or equal to 0.2 for controlling the action zone IIpcc<Vref2To control the action zone III.
The fan can not be off-grid due to low penetration and high penetration failure, and active and reactive control strategies when a near-zone fan enters low penetration are achieved by optimizing direct-current commutation failure, so that disordered off-grid of the fan caused by low voltage penetration failure or transient overvoltage of the fan is prevented, and large-scale off-grid of a sending-end fan is prevented.
The existing fan low-penetration control strategy has the advantages that the active power is instantaneously reduced even reduced to 0, and the reactive current Iq=k*(0.9-Vpcc)INThe deeper the drop of the voltage at the generator end of the receiving-end fan caused by the failure of direct-current commutation is, the larger the reactive current injected into the system is, the untimely reactive return sent by the fan after the low penetration can cause more main network reactive surplus, and the more serious the transient overvoltage of the fan caused by the fault is. The invention carries out grading on active and reactive control measures after the wind power generation unit enters low penetration, and controls the active current I in the low penetration period when the low voltage drop caused by phase commutation failure is deeperdThe larger the reactive current I is, the part of the reactive power can be consumed, and the reactive current I is controlledqThe smaller the wind turbine generator is, the less the non-reactive surplus of the wind turbine generator is caused by untimely reactive back-off after the wind turbine generator is out of the wind turbine generator and is penetrated.
The control measures are as follows:
wherein, IqFor low through-period reactive current of wind turbine generator, IdActive current of wind turbine generator during low penetration period, INRated current, V, for wind farmspccFor wind farm grid point voltage, Id0For the value of the active current, k, during steady-state operation of the wind farm1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6For the response coefficient, the corresponding value can be determined according to the actual power grid, and k4<k5<k6,k1>k2>k3。
2) The track of the voltage of a grid-connected point of the wind power plant changing along with time is monitored in real time through a measurement and control device installed on the wind power plant.
3) And when the direct current commutation failure occurs, the direct current commutation failure information substation sends the direct current commutation failure information to the wind power plant control station, and the wind power plant control station starts an emergency control measure.
4) And the wind power plant control station analyzes and compares the wind power plant grid-connected point voltage track with the low voltage ride through requirement curve of the wind power plant.
5) And when the voltage track of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant continuously falls in the control action area for a certain time, actively implementing reactive emergency control according to the control measures of the corresponding fan. The duration is typically 20ms to 30 ms.
Referring to fig. 2, in the invention, when the voltage track of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant falls in a control action area I and reaches a certain time, the emergency control is actively implemented according to the control measure 1; when the voltage track of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant falls into the control action area II and reaches a certain time, actively implementing emergency control according to the control measure 2; and when the voltage track of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant falls in the control action area III and reaches a certain time, actively implementing emergency control according to the control measure 3.
6) Return to step 2).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An emergency control method for inhibiting the off-line of a sending-end fan caused by the failure of direct-current commutation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining a voltage drop setting value of a grid-connected point voltage drop trigger control action of the wind power plant;
2) marking out a control action area on a low voltage ride through requirement curve of the wind power plant according to the voltage drop setting value;
3) according to the control action area, making low-penetration reactive power control measures and low-penetration active power control measures, and determining the action time of each control measure;
the low-penetration reactive power control measures are as follows:
the low-penetration active control measures are as follows:
the low-penetration reactive power control measure and the low-penetration active power control measure have to meet the following requirements:
wherein, IqFor low through-period reactive current of wind turbine generator, IdLow penetration period of wind turbineIntermittent active current, INFor rated current of wind farm, Id0For the value of the active current, V, during steady-state operation of the wind farmpccFor wind farm grid point voltage, Vref1And Vref2Is a voltage sag setting value, k1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6Satisfies k as a response coefficient4<k5<k6,k1>k2>k3;
4) According to the received direct current commutation failure information, starting an emergency control measure by a wind power plant control station;
5) and comparing the grid-connected point voltage track of the wind power plant with a low voltage ride through requirement curve of the wind power plant, and implementing corresponding control measures according to the control action area when the grid-connected point voltage track of the wind power plant continuously falls in the control action area for a certain time.
2. The emergency control method for inhibiting the sending-end fan from being disconnected due to the direct-current commutation failure according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the voltage drop setting value of the wind power plant grid-connected point voltage drop trigger control action comprises the following steps:
and (3) evaluating the safety and stability of the power grid according to the operation mode, the power grid model, the parameters and the expected fault set of the power grid, and determining a voltage drop setting value by aiming at that a fan cannot be disconnected due to low-penetration and high-penetration failure after the extra-high voltage direct current commutation failure under the condition that wind turbine generators in the direct current near region with different grid frame strengths of the power grid are started.
3. The emergency control method for suppressing the disconnection of the sending-end fan caused by the failure of the direct-current commutation according to claim 1, wherein the control action area is divided into:
Vref1≤Vpccless than 0.9 is the control action region I, Vref2≤Vpcc<Vref1V is more than or equal to 0.2 for controlling the action zone IIpcc<Vref2In order to control the zone of action III,
wherein, VpccFor wind farm grid point voltage, Vref1And Vref2Is electricityAnd (5) setting a voltage drop value.
4. The emergency control method for suppressing the off-line of the sending-end fan caused by the failure of the direct-current commutation according to claim 1, wherein the action time of the control measure is 20ms to 30 ms.
5. The emergency control method for suppressing the off-grid of the sending-end fan caused by the direct-current commutation failure according to claim 1, wherein the direct-current commutation failure information is sent to a direct-current commutation failure information substation by a direct-current control protection system and then sent to a wind farm control station; and the direct-current commutation failure information substation adopts a substation in a power grid control system.
6. The emergency control method for suppressing the off-grid of the sending-end fan caused by the direct-current commutation failure according to claim 1, wherein a voltage track of a grid-connected point of the wind farm is obtained by monitoring a measurement and control device installed in the wind farm in real time.
7. The emergency control method for suppressing the off-line of the sending-end fan caused by the failure of the direct-current commutation according to claim 1, wherein the certain time in the step 5) is an action time of a control measure.
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CN112086971B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-04-05 | 国电南瑞南京控制系统有限公司 | Power grid emergency control method and system |
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CN102035217A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-04-27 | 西北电网有限公司 | Control method for actively preventing simultaneous low-voltage tripping of sets in wind power field |
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