CN110362778A - Indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating - Google Patents

Indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating Download PDF

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CN110362778A
CN110362778A CN201910411372.6A CN201910411372A CN110362778A CN 110362778 A CN110362778 A CN 110362778A CN 201910411372 A CN201910411372 A CN 201910411372A CN 110362778 A CN110362778 A CN 110362778A
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indicate
penalty values
indoor
healthy life
tvoc
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钱华
沈成成
郑晓红
周春辉
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Southeast University
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating, and indoor air environment and thermal environment are influenced to quantify caused by people, provide an intuitive numerical value, to illustrate the superiority and inferiority of current indoor air environment.The present invention considers each environmental parameter, provides indoor each environmental parameter to indoor occupant quantization influence value, using quantization computation model, the influence caused by people of indoor different parameters can be understood in detail, personnel can as the case may be, and key factor in regulation room makes interior reach optimum state.

Description

Indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating
Technical field
The present invention relates to indoor air environment appraisal procedures, and in particular to is related to a kind of indoor air environment quantitatively evaluating side Method.
Background technique
The research of indoor air environment evaluation method is mainly set about in terms of room air or thermal environment at present, qualitatively Influence of the current indoor air environment to the people in wherein Working Life is described, such as describes human body to Indoor Thermal ring with pmv value The feeling in border, with the metrics evaluations indoor air environment good degree such as air quality index;Also there is a few studies person by Indoor Thermal Environment combines with air environment, takes the lead in using mathematics method, the mathematical methods such as analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are come to Interior Space compression ring Border is carried out compared with overall merit.Chinese patent 201810185571.5 utilizes temperature and humidity in sensor technology acquisition indoor air environment Parameter and formaldehyde, PM2.5 concentration parameter carry out overall merit, evaluation to indoor air environment comfort level using mathematics method As a result qualitative description is carried out with this outstanding, good, medium, poor and dangerous five grades.Although this method refers to more first Into computation model, but to the evaluation of indoor air environment it is only qualitative on description, people simultaneously do not know about indoor air environment There is what kind of interactively between indoor occupant, and Consideration is less in Selecting research object, it is difficult to description comprehensively Current indoor air environment situation.Additionally, due to the adaptivity of human body, the variation of indoor air environment does not make one sometimes Show obvious uncomfortable feeling, cause qualitative evaluation result and realistic situation deviation occur.And qualitatively evaluation is tied Fruit can not the accurate description indoor environment biggest impact factor, be difficult to determine that preferential optimization is arranged when optimizing indoor environment It applies.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating, solve existing evaluation Method can only be formed evaluation, it is difficult to current indoor air environment situation is described comprehensively, can not accurate description indoor environment it is maximum Impact factor.
Technical solution: indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) PM2.5 in collection room, formaldehyde, TVOC, temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation temperature parameter information;
(2) healthy life penalty values caused by calculating indoor formaldehyde exposure according to formaldehyde information;
(3) the healthy life penalty values under interior TVOC exposure are calculated according to TVOC information;
(4) the healthy life penalty values under PM2.5 exposure are calculated according to PM2.5 information;
(5) effective time caused by calculating thermal environment according to temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation temperature information loses Value;
(6) data result that step (2)-(5) obtain is added, quantization shadow of the indoor environment that you can get it to personnel Ring value.
Wherein, the step (2) specifically calculates are as follows:
In formula, DALYFormaldehydeIndicate healthy life penalty values caused by indoor formaldehyde exposure,Indicate formaldehyde The oncogenic insults factor,Indicate the non-carcinogenic damage factor of formaldehyde, QFormaldehyde _ intakeIndicate indoor occupant sucking Formaldehyde amount.
The specific calculating process of the step (3) are as follows:
The complex damage factor is first calculated, calculating process is as follows:
In formula,Indicate the damage factor of TVOC,Expression accounts for the 16 of TVOC content 50% The complex damage factor of kind pollutant, Wi indicate the mean concentration accounting of pollutant i in 16 kinds of pollutants;Indicate dirty Contaminate the damage factor of object i;Indicate the complex damage factor of remaining 50% pollutant in TVOC,Table Show the damage factor of j-th of pollutant in other n pollutant;
The healthy life penalty values under interior TVOC exposure are calculated according to the following formula:
In formula, DALYTVOCIndicate healthy life penalty values caused by interior TVOC exposure, QTVOC_intakeIndicate indoor occupant The amount of the TVOC of sucking.
The unit of the pathogenic terminal and the terminal of causing a disease that determine PM2.5 in the step (4) first occurs caused by number of cases Healthy life penalty valuesThe generation number of cases that the pathogenic terminal of PM2.5 is calculated further according to indoor PM2.5 exposure value, calculating should The healthy life penalty values of all pathogenic terminals are added by the healthy life penalty values for terminal of causing a disease, and are obtained under PM2.5 exposure Healthy life penalty values.
The circular of healthy life penalty values under the PM2.5 exposure is as follows:
CPM2.5=CPM2.5-CThreshold value
In formula, DIiIndicate the generation number of cases of disease i;yiIndicate the basic incidence of disease i;βiIndicate that example occurs for disease i Several coefficients with concentration variation;ΔCPM2.5The exposure concentrations for indicating PM2.5 are more than the amount of secure threshold;CPM2.5Indicate PM2.5 Exposure level;CThreshold valueIndicate the exposure thresholds of PM2.5;Indicate that the healthy life penalty values of number of cases occur for disease i unit; DALYi_PM2.5Indicate healthy life penalty values caused by disease i under current PM2.5 exposure level; DALYPM2.5Expression is exposed to Healthy life penalty values under PM2.5.
Indoor pmv value is calculated according to temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation temperature information first in the step (5), by PMV Effective time penalty values caused by value calculates the working efficiency RP of indoor occupant, and calculating is reduced as working efficiency.
The effective time penalty values circular is as follows:
RP=-0.0351 × PMV3-0.5294×PMV2-0.215×PMV+99.865
In formula, M indicates human energy metabolism rate, and W indicates the mechanical work that human body is done, PaExpression steam partial pressure, kPa, TaIndicate air themperature, fclIndicate that clothes area coefficient, tcl indicate clothes hull-skin temperature, TrIndicate mean radiant temperature, hc Indicate that convection transfer rate, RP indicate opposite working efficiency, TAlwaysIndicate total working time, TL indicates effective time loss Value.
The pollutant includes iso-butane, methylene chloride, n-hexane, chloroform, 1,1,1- trichloroethanes, benzene, tetrachloro Change carbon, trichloro ethylene, toluene, tetrachloro-ethylene, ethylbenzene, m- dimethylbenzene, p- dimethylbenzene, styrene, o- dimethylbenzene and decane.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention considers each environmental parameter, indoor each environmental parameter is provided to indoor occupant quantization influence Value can understand the influence caused by people of indoor different parameters, personnel can be according to specific feelings using quantization computation model in detail Condition, key factor in regulation room, makes interior reach optimum state.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of data processing of the present invention;
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are computation model of the present invention to room air parameter;
Fig. 4 is computation model of the present invention to Indoor Thermal Environment parameter.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, present system mainly includes acquisition module, data processing module, the output module three of data Part.
Wherein, the acquisition module of data needs related data information in collection room.Present invention uses Modern Sensor Technology, Suitable position arranges several wireless sensors, PM2.5, formaldehyde, TVOC, temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation in collecting chamber indoors The parameter informations such as temperature, it is then that data connection is defeated to data by the parameter of collection by GPRS technical transmission to wireless terminal It is to be processed to enter module etc..
It include a data input channel, a data processing module and multiple in data processing module of the invention Data output.The data being passed to by data input module, into data processing module.Data processing step is as described below:
Step 1: the processing of PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) data, treatment process is as shown in Fig. 2, its calculation method is as follows:
In formula, DALYFormaldehydeIndicate healthy life penalty values caused by indoor formaldehyde exposure, y/y/100000 people;Indicate the oncogenic insults factor of formaldehyde, y/kg;Indicate the non-carcinogenic damage factor of formaldehyde, y/kg;QFormaldehyde _ intakeIndicate the formaldehyde amount of indoor occupant sucking, kg.
Step 2: the calculation method of the processing to TVOC data, the complex damage factor is as follows:
In formula,Indicate the damage factor of TVOC, y/kg;Expression accounts for TVOC content 50% 16 kinds of pollutants the complex damage factor, which is respectively as follows: iso-butane, methylene chloride, n-hexane, three chloromethanes Alkane, 1,1,1- trichloroethanes, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, trichloro ethylene, toluene, tetrachloro-ethylene, ethylbenzene, m- dimethylbenzene, p- dimethylbenzene, Styrene, o- dimethylbenzene, decane.Wherein Wi indicates the mean concentration accounting of pollutant i in 16 kinds of pollutants;It indicates The damage factor of pollutant i, y/kg;Indicate the complex damage factor of remaining 50% pollutant in TVOC,Indicate the damage factor of j-th of pollutant in other n pollutant, unit y/kg.Species are polluted in remaining ingredient Class be it is uncertain, by B.In document " Organic Compounds in Indoor Environments- Review " and A.P.Jones in document " Indoor air quality and health " to indoor volatile organic compounds kind The pollutant and its toxicology data that wherein have toxicologic study data are listed in the summary of class one by one, and removal damage factor is most It is big and the smallest, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of contaminant remaining damage factor is calculated, the synthesis of TVOC is calculated separately out according to above formula Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic damage factor, and the healthy life penalty values under interior TVOC exposure are calculated according to the following formula:
In formula, DALYTVOCIndicate healthy life penalty values caused by interior TVOC exposure, y/y/100000 people; QTVOC_intakeIndicate the amount of the TVOC of indoor occupant sucking, kg.
The processing of step 3:PM2.5 data, treatment process are as shown in Figure 3, it is first determined the pathogenic terminal and the cause of PM2.5 Healthy life penalty values caused by number of cases occur for the unit of sick terminalPM2.5 is calculated further according to indoor PM2.5 exposure value The generation number of cases for terminal of causing a disease calculates the healthy life penalty values of the terminal of causing a disease, the healthy life of all pathogenic terminals is damaged Mistake value is added, and show that the healthy life penalty values under PM2.5 exposure, calculation method are as follows:
CPM2.5=CPM2.5-CThreshold value
In formula, DIiIndicate the generation number of cases of disease i;ΔCPM2.5The exposure concentrations for indicating PM2.5 are more than secure threshold Amount, CPM2.5Indicate PM2.5 exposure level, ug/m3, CThreshold valueIndicate the exposure thresholds of PM2.5;βiIndicate disease i occur number of cases with The coefficient of concentration variation;The healthy life penalty values of expression disease i unit generation number of cases, y/y/; DALYi_PM2.5 Indicate healthy life penalty values caused by disease i, y/y/100000 people, DALY under current PM2.5 exposure levelPM2.5Indicate sudden and violent The healthy life penalty values being exposed under PM2.5, y/y/100000 people.
Step 4: healthy life penalty values caused by various pollutants are added up to get air environment to indoor occupant Quantization influence result.
Step 5: the processing of thermal environment parameter, treatment process according to indoor thermal environment parameter as shown in figure 4, calculate first Indoor pmv value calculates the loss of effective time further according to pmv value, and calculation method is as follows:
RP=-0.0351 × PMV3-0.5294×PMV2-0.215×PMV+99.865
In formula, M indicates human energy metabolism rate, W/m2;W indicates the mechanical work that human body is done, W/m2;PaIndicate vapor Partial pressure, kPa;TaIndicate air themperature, DEG C;fclIndicate that clothes area coefficient, tcl indicate clothes hull-skin temperature, DEG C;TrIt indicates Mean radiant temperature, DEG C;hcIndicate convection transfer rate, W/ (m2·K);RP indicates opposite working efficiency;TAlwaysIndicate total work Time, y/y;TL indicates the penalty values of effective time, y/y/100000 people.
In order to facilitate the present invention, treated that data can be observed by indoor technical staff, and the present invention is at data processing end Data visualization interface is added in end, and using Java technology, user terminal adds and sets smart screen indoors, makes DALYFormaldehyde、DALYTVOC、 DALYPM2.5、DALYFormaldehyde+DALYTVOC+DALYPM2.5、TL、TL+DALYFormaldehyde+DALYTVOC+DALYPM2.5, etc. calculated results by should Screen is shown, people is allowed to understand indoor indices situation in real time, and according to each index value, it is excellent to make indoor air environment Change regulation measure.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) PM2.5 in collection room, formaldehyde, TVOC, temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation temperature parameter information;
(2) healthy life penalty values caused by calculating indoor formaldehyde exposure according to formaldehyde information;
(3) the healthy life penalty values under interior TVOC exposure are calculated according to TVOC information;
(4) the healthy life penalty values under PM2.5 exposure are calculated according to PM2.5 information;
(5) effective time penalty values caused by calculating thermal environment according to temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation temperature information;
(6) data result that step (2)-(5) obtain is added, quantization influence of the indoor environment that you can get it to personnel Value.
2. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2) is specific It calculates are as follows:
In formula, DALYFormaldehydeIndicate healthy life penalty values caused by indoor formaldehyde exposure;Indicate the carcinogenic of formaldehyde Damage factor refers to that a people takes in the formaldehyde-caused healthy life penalty values of unit mass;Indicate formaldehyde Non-carcinogenic damage factor, y/kg;QFormaldehyde _ intakeIndicate the formaldehyde amount of indoor occupant sucking.
3. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3) is specific Calculating process are as follows:
The complex damage factor is first calculated, calculating process is as follows:
In formula,Indicate the damage factor of TVOC,Expression accounts for 16 kinds of dirts of TVOC content 50% The complex damage factor of object is contaminated, Wi indicates the mean concentration accounting of pollutant i in 16 kinds of pollutants;Indicate pollutant i Damage factor;Indicate the complex damage factor of remaining 50% pollutant in TVOC,Indicate it The damage factor of j-th of pollutant in his n pollutant;
The healthy life penalty values under interior TVOC exposure are calculated according to the following formula:
In formula, DALYTVOCIndicate healthy life penalty values caused by interior TVOC exposure, QTVOC_intakeIndicate indoor occupant sucking TVOC amount.
4. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first in the step (4) Healthy life penalty values caused by number of cases occur for the unit of the pathogenic terminal and the terminal of causing a disease that first determine PM2.5Again The generation number of cases that the pathogenic terminal of PM2.5 is calculated according to indoor PM2.5 exposure value calculates the healthy life loss of the terminal of causing a disease The healthy life penalty values of all pathogenic terminals are added by value, obtain the healthy life penalty values under PM2.5 exposure.
5. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 4, which is characterized in that under the PM2.5 exposure Healthy life penalty values circular it is as follows:
CPM2.5=CPM2.5-CThreshold value
In formula, DIiIndicate the generation number of cases of disease i, example/100000 people;yiIndicate the basic incidence of disease i;βiIndicate disease The coefficient of number of cases and concentration variation occurs for i;ΔCPM2.5The exposure concentrations for indicating PM2.5 are more than the amount of secure threshold;CPM2.5It indicates PM2.5 exposure level, CThreshold valueIndicate the secure threshold of PM2.5,Indicate that the healthy life damage of number of cases occurs for disease i unit Mistake value;DALYi_PM2.5Indicate healthy life penalty values caused by disease i, DALY under PM2.5 exposure levelPM2.5Expression is exposed to Healthy life penalty values under PM2.5.
6. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first in the step (5) Indoor pmv value is first calculated according to temperature and humidity, air velocity, radiation temperature information, is imitated by the work that pmv value calculates indoor occupant Rate RP, and calculate reduced as working efficiency caused by effective time penalty values.
7. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the effective time Penalty values circular is as follows:
RP=-0.0351 × PMV3-0.5294×PMV2-0.215×PMV+99.865
In formula, M indicates human energy metabolism rate, and W indicates the mechanical work that human body is done, PaIndicate steam partial pressure, TaIndicate air Temperature, fclIndicate that clothes area coefficient, tcl indicate clothes hull-skin temperature TrIndicate mean radiant temperature, hcIndicate that convection current is changed Hot coefficient, RP indicate opposite working efficiency, TAlwaysIndicate total working time, TL indicates effective time penalty values.
8. indoor air environment method for quantitatively evaluating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pollutant includes different Butane, methylene chloride, n-hexane, chloroform, 1,1,1- trichloroethanes, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, trichloro ethylene, toluene, four chloroethenes Alkene, ethylbenzene, m- dimethylbenzene, p- dimethylbenzene, styrene, o- dimethylbenzene and decane.
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CN111899873A (en) * 2020-07-16 2020-11-06 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Method for quantifying health loss caused by polluted environment, terminal equipment and storage medium
CN112561244A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-26 清华大学 Building environment evaluation method and system combining indoor personnel information

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