CN110362148A - Photovoltaic system maximum power tracking method under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm - Google Patents

Photovoltaic system maximum power tracking method under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm Download PDF

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CN110362148A
CN110362148A CN201910654415.3A CN201910654415A CN110362148A CN 110362148 A CN110362148 A CN 110362148A CN 201910654415 A CN201910654415 A CN 201910654415A CN 110362148 A CN110362148 A CN 110362148A
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photovoltaic system
photovoltaic
mppt
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束洪春
朱德娜
杨博
安娜
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The present invention relates to photovoltaic system maximum power tracking methods under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm, belong to technical field of electric power system control.Firstly, establishing photovoltaic system model and MPPT Controlling model；Secondly, by photovoltaic system received intensity of illumination S, temperature T and output voltage be input in the MPPT controller of ABC and carry out optimizing repeatedly until algorithmic statement；The optimal output voltage of photovoltaic system is obtained finally, the optimal duty ratio that MPPT controller exports is input to after insulated gate bipolar transistor to realize MPPT.The present invention can solve the problems, such as that the photovoltaic array MPPT control under shadowed condition with multimodal output characteristics is easily trapped into local maximum power point, the algorithm is compared with the convergent of traditional algorithm using Matlab software, iteration speed and stability can be effectively improved.

Description

Photovoltaic system maximal power tracing under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic system maximum power tracking methods under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm, belong to In technical field of electric power system control.
Background technique
Photovoltaic power generation is considered as the most promising new energy technology of our times, and local environment is with development Become to become increasingly complex, part shade causes photovoltaic array multi-peak phenomenon occur, influences photovoltaic array delivery efficiency, or even damage Bad photovoltaic cell.Maximum power tracking method is to reduce cost of electricity-generating, improve the most direct effective method of generating efficiency.It is existing Most of method is suitable for uniform illumination situation, has ignored the circumstance of occlusion of photovoltaic array in actual life, they can not be Maximum power point is accurately traced under shadowed condition.This algorithm can be accurate, and it is global maximum steadily to trace into photovoltaic system Power points avoids algorithm from falling into local maximum power point, to greatly improve the generating efficiency of photovoltaic system.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide photovoltaic systems under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm Maximum power tracking method, to solve the problems, such as the existing control technology of photovoltaic array MPPT under shadowed condition.
The technical scheme is that one kind is based on artificial bee colony (artificial bee colony, ABC) algorithm Photovoltaic system maximal power tracing (maximum power point tracking, MPPT) method under shadowed condition, firstly, building Vertical photovoltaic system model and MPPT Controlling model；Secondly, by the received intensity of illumination S of photovoltaic system institute, temperature T and output voltage It is input in the MPPT controller of ABC and carries out optimizing repeatedly until algorithmic statement；Finally, by optimal the accounting for of MPPT controller output Sky is than obtaining photovoltaic after being input to insulated gate bipolar transistor (insulate-gate bipolar transistor, IGBT) System optimal output voltage is to realize MPPT.
Specific steps are as follows:
Step1: photovoltaic system model is established；
Relationship between photovoltaic array output electric current and voltage can be described as:
In formula, IgIt is the photogenerated current that photovoltaic cell generates, IsIt is the reverse saturation current of photovoltaic cell, electron charge q= 1.60217733×10-19Cb, A are the ideal factor of diode, Boltzmann constant k=1.380658 × 10-23J/K, TcFor Temperature, VdcIt is photovoltaic output voltage, IpvIt is photovoltaic output electric current, RsIt is series resistance；
The photovoltaic cell saturation current I varied with temperaturesIt calculates as follows:
In formula, IRSBe specified intensity of illumination and at a temperature of photovoltaic cell reverse saturation current, EgIt is photovoltaic cell half Band-gap energy in conductor；
Step2: MPPT Controlling model is established；
The MPPT of photovoltaic system can be by adjusting photovoltaic system output voltage VpvIt realizes, due to the target of photovoltaic system It is to obtain maximum active power, therefore the MPPT Controlling model under shadowed condition can be described as:
In formula, F (Vpv) indicate objective function, VpvIt is photovoltaic system output voltage, IpvIt is photovoltaic system output electric current, Pout It is the active power of photovoltaic system,WithIt is the minimum and maximum output voltage of photovoltaic system respectively；
Step3: the intensity of illumination S and temperature T of acquisition photovoltaic array in real time；
Step4: by photovoltaic system received S, T and output voltage be input in the MPPT controller based on ABC algorithm, Wherein specific step is as follows for ABC algorithm:
1. bee is led to search for:
It leads bee to search for field nectar source (field solution), generates new nectar source (more excellent solution):
In formula,The d dimension position of i-th honeybee, d is randomly selected dimension, h (h ≠ i) represent in bee colony with The honeybee of machine selection,Represent equally distributed random number in [- 1,1]；
2. bee is followed to search for:
It follows bee to carry out field search according to the nectar source information for leading bee to share, next nectar source is selected according to information, i-th The probability that honeybee is selected are as follows:
In formula, fiThe fitness function of i-th honeybee is represented, N represents population quantity；After determining target nectar source, every Follow bee that can update the position of oneself according to formula (4).
3. search bee is searched for:
If a honeybee runs out of a nectar source in preset the number of iterations, corresponding honeybee will be considered as being used for The search bee of random search, search bee search strategy are as follows:
In formula,WithIt is minimum and maximum position vector respectively, r is the random number in [0,1]；
4. solving objective function:
MPPT Controlling model in Step2 is solved using ABC algorithm, obtains current iteration F (Vpv)kValue, export this The duty ratio of iteration, output voltage and feeding back in the MPPT controller based on ABC algorithm prepares next time after IGBT is adjusted Iteration, until meeting the condition of convergence | F (Vpv)k-F(Vpv)k-1|≤ε；
Step5: after executing the ABC strategy in MPPT controller, corresponding duty ratio is exported；
Step6: gained duty ratio enters insulated gate bipolar transistor (insulate- after pulse width is modulated Gate bipolar transistor, IGBT), to adjust photovoltaic system output voltage, make photovoltaic array with illumination variation Steadily work at maximum power point.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention can realize that global maximum power tracks compared with traditional algorithm under shadowed condition, and fluctuation is small, is not easy Converge to local maximum power point；
2, for the present invention compared to for INC and PSO, search mechanisms are divided into three steps, are easy in the environment of variation high Realize MPPT in effect ground；
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic system power vs. voltage (P-V) performance diagram under shadowed condition of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the MPPT schematic diagram that the present invention realizes photovoltaic system；
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is temperature-resistant, when Spline smoothing occurs for intensity of illumination, is responded using the photovoltaic system of ABC algorithm Figure；
Fig. 5 is the present invention when temperature, intensity of illumination change, using the photovoltaic system response diagram of ABC algorithm.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1-3, photovoltaic system maximum power under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm Tracking, firstly, establishing photovoltaic system model and MPPT Controlling model；Secondly, by the received intensity of illumination of photovoltaic system institute S, temperature T and output voltage, which are input in the MPPT controller of ABC, carries out optimizing repeatedly until algorithmic statement；Finally, by MPPT The optimal duty ratio of controller output obtains the optimal output voltage of photovoltaic system after being input to insulated gate bipolar transistor with reality Existing MPPT.
Specific steps are as follows:
Step1: photovoltaic system model is established；
Relationship between photovoltaic array output electric current and voltage can be described as:
In formula, IgIt is the photogenerated current that photovoltaic cell generates, IsIt is the reverse saturation current of photovoltaic cell, electron charge q= 1.60217733×10-19Cb, A are the ideal factor of diode, Boltzmann constant k=1.380658 × 10-23J/K, TcFor Temperature, VdcIt is photovoltaic output voltage, IpvIt is photovoltaic output electric current, RsIt is series resistance；
The photovoltaic cell saturation current I varied with temperaturesIt calculates as follows:
In formula, IRSBe specified intensity of illumination and at a temperature of photovoltaic cell reverse saturation current, EgIt is photovoltaic cell half Band-gap energy in conductor；
Step2: MPPT Controlling model is established；
The MPPT of photovoltaic system can be by adjusting photovoltaic system output voltage VpvIt realizes, due to the target of photovoltaic system It is to obtain maximum active power, therefore the MPPT Controlling model under shadowed condition can be described as:
In formula, F (Vpv) indicate objective function, VpvIt is photovoltaic system output voltage, IpvIt is photovoltaic system output electric current, Pout It is the active power of photovoltaic system,WithIt is the minimum and maximum output voltage of photovoltaic system respectively；
Step3: the intensity of illumination S and temperature T of acquisition photovoltaic array in real time；
Step4: by photovoltaic system received S, T and output voltage be input in the MPPT controller based on ABC algorithm, Wherein specific step is as follows for ABC algorithm:
1. bee is led to search for:
It leads bee to search for field nectar source, generates new nectar source:
In formula,The d dimension position of i-th honeybee, d is randomly selected dimension, h (h ≠ i) represent in bee colony with The honeybee of machine selection,Represent equally distributed random number in [- 1,1]；
2. bee is followed to search for:
It follows bee to carry out field search according to the nectar source information for leading bee to share, next nectar source is selected according to information, i-th The probability that honeybee is selected are as follows:
In formula, fiThe fitness function of i-th honeybee is represented, N represents population quantity；
3. search bee is searched for:
If a honeybee runs out of a nectar source in preset the number of iterations, corresponding honeybee will be considered as being used for The search bee of random search, search bee search strategy are as follows:
In formula,WithIt is minimum and maximum position vector respectively, r is the random number in [0,1]；
4. solving objective function:
MPPT Controlling model in Step2 is solved using ABC algorithm, obtains current iteration F (Vpv)kValue, export this The duty ratio of iteration, output voltage and feeding back in the MPPT controller based on ABC algorithm prepares next time after IGBT is adjusted Iteration, until meeting the condition of convergence | F (Vpv)k-F(Vpv)k-1|≤ε；
Step5: after executing the ABC strategy in MPPT controller, corresponding duty ratio is exported；
Step6: gained duty ratio enters insulated gate bipolar transistor after pulse width is modulated, to adjust photovoltaic System output voltage makes photovoltaic array steadily work at maximum power point with illumination variation.
In specific implementation, photovoltaic system parameter: T=25 DEG C of rated temperature, under peak power voltage and current be not Uref =18.47V and Iref=2.8A, inductance L=500mH, resistance R=200 Ω, capacitor C=1 μ F.
Maintain the temperature at 25 DEG C of constant, intensity of illumination variations of simulation four continuous steps of application on photovoltaic array.From Fig. 4 can converge to global maximum power point to fast and stable as it can be seen that the present invention is compared with INC and PSO.
Illumination simulation intensity and temperature change, as shown in figure 5, the present invention most can rapidly converge to maximum power point simultaneously With the smallest power swing.
In conjunction with attached drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned Embodiment within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be before not departing from present inventive concept Put that various changes can be made.

Claims (2)

1. photovoltaic system maximum power tracking method under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm, it is characterised in that: first First, photovoltaic system model and MPPT Controlling model are established；Secondly, by the received intensity of illumination S of photovoltaic system institute, temperature T and defeated Voltage input carries out optimizing repeatedly into the MPPT controller of ABC until algorithmic statement out；Finally, by MPPT controller output Optimal duty ratio obtains the optimal output voltage of photovoltaic system after being input to insulated gate bipolar transistor to realize MPPT.
2. photovoltaic system maximal power tracing side under the shadowed condition according to claim 1 based on artificial bee colony algorithm Method, it is characterised in that specific steps are as follows:
Step1: photovoltaic system model is established；
Relationship between photovoltaic array output electric current and voltage can be described as:
In formula, IgIt is the photogenerated current that photovoltaic cell generates, IsIt is the reverse saturation current of photovoltaic cell, electron charge q= 1.60217733×10-19Cb, A are the ideal factor of diode, Boltzmann constant k=1.380658 × 10-23 J/K, Tc For temperature, VdcIt is photovoltaic output voltage, IpvIt is photovoltaic output electric current, RsIt is series resistance；
The photovoltaic cell saturation current I varied with temperaturesIt calculates as follows:
In formula, IRSBe specified intensity of illumination and at a temperature of photovoltaic cell reverse saturation current, EgIt is photovoltaic cell semiconductor Middle band-gap energy；
Step2: MPPT Controlling model is established；
The MPPT of photovoltaic system can be by adjusting photovoltaic system output voltage VpvIt realizes, since the target of photovoltaic system is to obtain Maximum active power is obtained, therefore the MPPT Controlling model under shadowed condition can be described as:
In formula, F (Vpv) indicate objective function, VpvIt is photovoltaic system output voltage, IpvIt is photovoltaic system output electric current, PoutIt is light The active power of volt system,WithIt is the minimum and maximum output voltage of photovoltaic system respectively；
Step3: the intensity of illumination S and temperature T of acquisition photovoltaic array in real time；
Step4: by photovoltaic system received S, T and output voltage be input in the MPPT controller based on ABC algorithm, wherein Specific step is as follows for ABC algorithm:
1. bee is led to search for:
It leads bee to search for field nectar source, generates new nectar source:
In formula,It is the d dimension position of i-th honeybee, d is randomly selected dimension, and h (h ≠ i) is represented in bee colony to be selected at random The honeybee selected,Represent equally distributed random number in [- 1,1]；
2. bee is followed to search for:
It follows bee to carry out field search according to the nectar source information for leading bee to share, next nectar source, i-th honeybee is selected according to information The probability selected are as follows:
In formula, fiThe fitness function of i-th honeybee is represented, N represents population quantity；
3. search bee is searched for:
If a honeybee runs out of a nectar source in preset the number of iterations, corresponding honeybee will be considered as being used for random The search bee of search, search bee search strategy are as follows:
In formula,WithIt is minimum and maximum position vector respectively, r is the random number in [0,1]；
4. solving objective function:
MPPT Controlling model in Step2 is solved using ABC algorithm, obtains current iteration F (Vpv)kValue, export current iteration Duty ratio, output voltage and feed back in the MPPT controller based on ABC algorithm after IGBT is adjusted and prepare next iteration, Until meeting the condition of convergence | F (Vpv)k-F(Vpv)k-1|≤ε；
Step5: after executing the ABC strategy in MPPT controller, corresponding duty ratio is exported；
Step6: gained duty ratio enters insulated gate bipolar transistor after pulse width is modulated, to adjust photovoltaic system Output voltage makes photovoltaic array steadily work at maximum power point with illumination variation.
CN201910654415.3A 2019-07-19 2019-07-19 Photovoltaic system maximum power tracking method under a kind of shadowed condition based on artificial bee colony algorithm Pending CN110362148A (en)

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CN116846042A (en) * 2023-09-04 2023-10-03 深圳科力远数智能源技术有限公司 Automatic adjustment method and system for charging and discharging of hybrid energy storage battery

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CN113268931A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-08-17 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Method and system for reconstructing photovoltaic array based on multi-target slime optimization algorithm
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CN115030858A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-09-09 西安交通大学 Distributed ocean current energy water turbine control power generation system based on cluster intelligent optimization
CN115437451A (en) * 2022-09-01 2022-12-06 三峡大学 Photovoltaic MPPT control method based on multi-strategy improved artificial bee colony algorithm
CN115437451B (en) * 2022-09-01 2023-08-25 三峡大学 Photovoltaic MPPT control method based on artificial bee colony algorithm improved by multiple strategies
CN116846042A (en) * 2023-09-04 2023-10-03 深圳科力远数智能源技术有限公司 Automatic adjustment method and system for charging and discharging of hybrid energy storage battery
CN116846042B (en) * 2023-09-04 2023-12-22 深圳科力远数智能源技术有限公司 Automatic adjustment method and system for charging and discharging of hybrid energy storage battery

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