CN110361552B - Centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device and application method thereof - Google Patents
Centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device and a use method thereof, wherein the centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device comprises: the system comprises a main controller component, a coordination processing component, an optical system component, a micro-fluid chip and a power management component; the microfluid chip is a core carrier of the portable analysis device and is used for analyzing the types and the contents of different biological indexes; the main controller component, the optical system component and the coordination processing component are connected through a data bus to exchange data; the main controller component is used for controlling and displaying the whole system; the optical system component is used for reading optical signals of the detection process or the final detection result; the coordination processing component is used for coordinating and managing motor driving, temperature control and other peripheral components in the portable analysis device; the power management component is connected with the main controller component, the coordination processing component and the optical system component and provides direct current power for the whole portable analysis device. The invention can be widely applied to the field of centrifugal analyzers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of centrifugal analyzers, in particular to a centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device and a use method thereof.
Background
Clinical biochemistry and immunoassay are routine physical examination projects, and have very important significance for preventing, diagnosing and treating diseases. In use, biochemical and immunological tests are often performed by fully (semi-) automated biochemical and immunological analyzers, while achieving an immediate test can greatly reduce the turnaround time from sample to test results, improving efficiency.
Currently, systems based in part on disposable cartridges or disposable microfluidic chips are available to enable the immediate testing of biochemical indicators, such as blood glucose in a home-accessible fingertip capillary. However, for most users, only monitoring one index of blood glucose cannot achieve the purpose of disease control, so that an automatic instrument capable of detecting multiple biochemical and immunological indexes in parallel needs to be designed.
Anderson et al reported in 1969 a centrifugal analyzer which added a sample and a reagent to the center of a disk, centrifuged the sample and reagent to flow into the outer cells, and rotated the motor to allow each cell on the outer side to pass through the light source in turn and detect the reaction results, thereby achieving simultaneous analysis of a plurality of samples. In 1995, abaxis company in the United states of America has marketably introduced a portable blood biochemical analyzer Piccolo Xpress, in which biochemical reagents and diluents are stored in a disc, and after a sample such as whole blood, serum or plasma is added, no manual operation is required, and the whole system can automatically realize the processes of sample processing, biochemical reaction, result detection and the like, and can realize the analysis of 'sample in-out'. In 2002, gyros AB corporation has proposed a Gyrolab CDs system that can perform immunoassays on a maximum of 104 indices within 1 hour (Honda et al, 2005). More products of centrifugal microfluidic analysis systems such as Roche B-101, samsung LABGEO IB10 were then released.
The centrifugal microfluidic analysis system has the characteristics of integration, high automation degree and the like, and can integrate the processes of liquid sample adding, quantitative analysis, material separation, mixing, reaction, final optical detection and the like in a conventional biochemical laboratory in the system through comprehensive application of a centrifugal force control valve, a quantitative tank, a separation chamber, fluid distribution and the like. But the main problems of the current centrifugal microfluidic analysis system are: existing devices are typically dedicated, desktop, non-portable devices, lacking versatility. For example, operations such as sample adding, quantifying, separating, mixing and the like of liquids in different detection projects are generally determined by structural design of a microfluidic chip, and different detection projects and different detection sample types relate to different items such as rotation speed control, tray structure, temperature control curve, detection position and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device and a use method thereof, which are mainly used for solving the problems of non-universality and repeated development of platforms existing in a centrifugal microfluidic analysis system at present, aiming at condensing the requirements of a core electronic control system in the centrifugal microfluidic analysis system, designing a corresponding overall solution, and providing a platform scheme which is convenient for personalized design and custom development on the basis.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device, comprising: the system comprises a main controller component, a coordination processing component, an optical system component, a micro-fluid chip and a power management component; the microfluidic chip is a core carrier of the portable analysis device and is used for analyzing the types and the contents of different biological indexes; the main controller component, the optical system component and the coordination processing component are connected through a data bus to exchange data; the main controller component is used for controlling and displaying the whole system; the optical system component is used for reading optical signals of a detection process or a final detection result; the coordination processing component is used for coordinating and managing motor driving, temperature control and other peripheral components in the portable analysis device; the power management component is connected with the main controller component, the coordination processing component and the optical system component and provides direct current power for the whole portable analysis device.
Further, the main controller component comprises an embedded system component and a display component, wherein the embedded system component is used for controlling reaction flow, instruction execution, information processing, condition judgment, task scheduling, data interaction and resource allocation; the display component is connected with the embedded system component and is used for man-machine interaction, information input, result output and reporting functions.
Further, the embedded system component comprises an embedded core piece, a first power management module, a real-time clock, a wired connector, a wireless connector and a sensor; the embedded core piece is connected with the first power management module, the real-time clock, the wired communicating vessel, the wireless communicating vessel and the sensor and is used for running an embedded real-time operating system, and the embedded core piece comprises an embedded processor, a memory and a memory; the embedded processor is used for running the embedded system, the memory is used for storing instructions to be executed, and the memory is used for storing temporary data; the first power management module is used for converting the voltage input by the power management component into a fixed voltage suitable for the embedded system component; the real-time clock is used for providing a stable time reference; the wired connector is used for wired communication between the embedded system component and the outside, and comprises a data bus used for communicating with other components in the portable analysis device, a parallel bus and a communication protocol connection with other components outside the portable analysis device; the wireless connector is used for connecting the embedded system component with external wireless data; the sensor is used for monitoring the environment and state information in or around the portable analysis device and is used for indicating the running condition of the instrument.
Further, the wireless connector comprises a mobile communication terminal, a wireless data terminal and a near field communication module, wherein the mobile communication terminal is used for long-distance wireless communication of more than 1km of the portable analysis device; the wireless data terminal is used for medium-short distance wireless communication within 1km of the portable analysis device; the near field communication module is used for short-distance wireless communication of the portable analysis device within 10 cm.
Further, the display component comprises a display screen, a backlight driver, a display interface, a contact controller, a second power management module and a touch sensing system; the display screen is used for information display and information input, and the surface of the display screen is provided with a contact sensing layer; the backlight driver is used for providing backlight of the display screen; the display interface is connected with the embedded system component and is used for providing a data stream to be displayed by the display screen; the contact controller is connected with the contact sensing layer of the display screen and is used for detecting and recording the position clicked by a user, converting the information of the contact position coordinates of the display screen into bus data which is convenient to identify and sending the bus data to the embedded system component; the second power management module provides power for the display component; the touch sensing system is used for providing touch sensing feedback during system control and interaction and providing feedback whether information input is correct and complete.
Further, the coordination processing component comprises a micro-controller, an illumination light source, a position and excitation component, an excitation light source, a temperature control component, an electromagnet component and a motor driving component; the micro controller is used for receiving and executing the instruction sent by the embedded system component and executing the driving and control tasks of the corresponding component; the illumination light source is used for instrument state display or illumination in the cabin; the position and excitation component is used for providing position information for optical detection, detecting the states of an instrument bin gate, an upper cover and a lower cover, and exciting the excitation light source; the excitation light source is used for providing a stable light source required by biological experiment detection; the temperature control component is used for adjusting and maintaining the temperature of the area in the chamber where the microfluidic chip is positioned to a set temperature; the electromagnet component is used for controlling the opening and closing cover or the warehouse entering state of the portable analysis device; the motor driving part is used for controlling the rotating motor carrying the microfluidic chip to perform uniform-speed, acceleration and deceleration rotating motion.
The position and excitation component comprises a signal pretreatment, a position detector and a trigger detector, and the signal pretreatment, the position detector and the excitation light source are connected to the micro controller and the optical system component through a data bus after being subjected to signal pretreatment; the trigger detector is used for detecting the position of the microfluidic chip in the cavity and providing position information for optical detection; the position detector is used for detecting the states of the instrument bin gate and the upper and lower covers.
Further, the temperature control part comprises a temperature control part and a temperature measuring part, wherein the temperature measuring part is used for collecting the temperature in the cavity, transmitting the temperature to the micro controller and adjusting the temperature control part according to a proportional-integral-derivative control method so that the temperature value measured by the temperature measuring part reaches a set temperature value.
Further, the temperature measuring component comprises a temperature detector and a temperature collector, wherein the temperature detector is arranged at the inner side of a cavity where the microfluidic chip is positioned and is used for sensing ambient temperature and converting the ambient temperature into a usable output signal; the temperature collector is used for converting the voltage and current analog signal difference generated by the temperature detector along with different temperatures into a digital value which can be processed by the micro controller.
Further, the temperature control component comprises a bidirectional transceiver, a fan assembly and a heating film assembly, wherein the bidirectional transceiver is connected with the micro controller and used for data buffering; the fan assembly and the heating film assembly are used for heating or radiating according to a temperature control signal sent by the micro controller, so that the temperature of a chamber where the microfluidic chip is located reaches a set temperature; the fan assembly comprises a fan driver and a temperature control fan, and the temperature control fan is arranged on the back of the portable analysis device and is driven by the fan driver; the heating film assembly comprises a heating film driver, a lower heating film and an upper heating film, wherein the lower heating film and the upper heating film are respectively attached to the outer side of the lower surface and the outer side of the upper surface of a chamber where the microfluidic chip is located, and are used for heating the chamber under the driving of the heating film driver.
Further, the optical system component comprises a photodetector array, a pre-amplifying component and a logic processing component; the photoelectric detector array is electrically connected with the pre-amplifying component, and the pre-amplifying component is electrically connected with the logic processing device; the photoelectric detector array is used for detecting the optical signal intensity change of the microfluidic chip in different reaction processes; the pre-amplification component is used for preprocessing signals detected by the photoelectric detector array; the logic processing component is used for processing the photoelectric voltage signal amplified by the front stage to a voltage range suitable for being acquired by the analog-to-digital converter and carrying out logic operation on the acquired digital pulse signals of a plurality of channels.
Further, the logic processing component comprises an FPGA controller, a first stage amplification, a program-controlled gain adjustment, a third stage amplification, a final stage amplification, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter and a third power management module; the FPGA controller is used for detecting and judging the position of the microfluidic chip, controlling the starting of the excitation light source, recording optical signals in the detection reaction holes, judging the corresponding substance types and calculating the content of the substances; the first-stage amplification is used for amplifying the voltage signal output by the pre-stage amplification component according to a fixed multiple so that the amplified voltage signal is in the range of the program-controlled gain adjustment; the program-controlled gain adjustment is used for carrying out attenuation adjustment on the output signal amplified by the first stage according to the signal sent by the FPGA controller; the third-stage amplification is used for amplifying the voltage signal subjected to program-controlled gain adjustment attenuation according to a fixed multiple; the final amplification is used for connecting the voltage output by the third-stage amplification with the multiplexer after impedance matching; the multiplexer is used for selectively connecting one or a plurality of multichannel voltage signals to the analog-to-digital converter according to the selection signals sent by the FPGA; the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the voltage signal switched and selected by the multiplexer into a binary digital signal which can be processed by the FPGA controller.
Further, the photodetector array is provided with a plurality of photodetectors for performing photoelectric detection on different optical signals.
Further, the pre-amplification comprises a fourth power management module, a voltage reference source, current-voltage conversion and channel pre-amplification, wherein the power module and the voltage reference source are connected with the power management component, and the power module is used for providing power for the pre-amplification; the voltage reference source is used for providing reference bias voltage of the photoelectric detector array; the current-voltage conversion is used for converting the current type signal output by the photoelectric detector array into a voltage type signal which is easy to carry out analog amplification processing and sending the voltage type signal to each channel for pre-amplification; the pre-amplification of each channel is used for pre-amplifying the voltage signal of the photoelectric detector and sending the voltage signal to the logic processing component.
Further, the microfluidic chip may be provided with different detection reaction holes along the same radius.
Further, the power management component comprises a fifth power management module, a safety device and an alternating current power adapter; the alternating current power adapter is used for converting input alternating current voltage into direct current voltage and providing power supply conversion from commercial power to low-voltage direct current; the safety device is used for current overcurrent protection and surge protection of equipment; the fifth power management module is used for converting the direct current voltage provided by the alternating current power adapter into a reference voltage and a low-noise voltage for the portable analysis device, and managing the rechargeable battery assembly when the rechargeable battery assembly is built in the portable analysis device; the rechargeable battery assembly comprises a battery pack, a battery power monitor and a battery charger; the battery power monitor is used for monitoring the residual power of the battery pack and providing charging and power supply scheduling for the battery charger and the battery management unit; the battery charger is connected with the alternating current power supply adapter through the safety device to charge the battery pack.
Further, the fifth power management module comprises a switch, a filter, battery management, voltage monitoring, a system power supply and a low noise power supply; the switch is used for a change-over switch started by a power supply, and the filter is connected with the switch and used for electromagnetic compatibility filtering after the power supply is input; the battery management is used for managing the power supply and charging relation between the alternating current power supply adapter and the rechargeable battery assembly, and the dispatching of charging while working of the reaction device is realized; the voltage monitoring is used in cooperation with the battery management, monitors the voltage of the alternating current power supply adapter, receives the voltage and electric quantity information of the battery pack, provides information for the battery management, monitors the voltage state of the system power supply, and prompts information through a main controller component or judges the battery management if the system power supply is too low or too high.
A method of using a centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device comprising the steps of:
s1: when the microfluidic chip rotates to a specific position X, triggering the detector to generate a signal related to the position, wherein the specific position X is related to the position of a reaction hole Y to be detected on the microfluidic chip;
S2: after the logic processing component monitors the position signal, the specific position X is identified, and the position relation and wavelength information of the reaction hole Y to be detected and the current attenuation multiple C are inquired;
s3: after the interval time Z= (angle from the position of the reaction hole Y to the specific position X)/rotation angular velocity, the logic processing component controls the excitation light source in the coordination processing component to emit a beam of excitation light and irradiates the excitation light to the reaction hole Y to be detected of the microfluidic chip;
s4: meanwhile, the logic processing component switches the multiplexer and switches the amplifying channel of the photoelectric detector which accords with the Y wavelength information of the reaction hole to be connected with the analog-digital converter;
s5: the photoelectric detector array senses the change of an optical signal in a reaction hole Y to be detected in the micro-fluidic chip, converts the change into a current signal, and after being preprocessed by the pre-stage amplifying component, the current signal enters the logic processing component for over-current voltage conversion, pre-amplification, first-stage amplification and post-stage amplification, and then enters the multiplexer, and the voltage of part of channels is collected into a digital signal H by the analog-to-digital converter;
s6: the FPGA controller in the logic processing part interprets the acquired digital signal H, and if the digital signal H is in the optimal range K, the attenuation multiple C of program-controlled gain adjustment at the moment is recorded;
S7: if the digital signal H is not in the optimal range K, changing the attenuation multiple of program-controlled gain adjustment until the digital signal H is in the optimal range K in a stop state or when the microfluidic chip rotates to a specific position X next time;
s8: the logic processing part calculates the optical signal intensity under the wavelength through the digital signal H, the attenuation multiple C and other fixed amplification factors, and further obtains the category, the content and the reaction progress information of the biological index in the reaction hole Y to be detected;
s9: if more reaction holes and blank positions are required to be detected correspondingly, the microfluidic chip is required to be rotated to a specific position X 2 、X 3 And proceeds according to steps S1-S8.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the electronic control system for the centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device adopts a modularized design idea, and the functions of motor driving, temperature control, peripheral control, optical detection, state detection, man-machine interaction, data uploading and the like are decomposed and realized one by one, and the whole electronic control system is uniformly scheduled and task distribution is carried out by an embedded real-time system. 2. The multi-task parallel execution time among the modules is accurate, the system is rich in resources and strong in portability, and the support degree of the portable, rapid and automatic reaction device is higher. 3. The invention provides a detection scheme and a detection flow for automatically adjusting gain, detecting fixed points and switching wavelengths of optical detection signals of a plurality of channels, which can be used for a portable blood biochemical, nucleic acid or protein detection system with a plurality of indexes. Therefore, the invention can be widely applied to the field of centrifugal analyzers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a detailed schematic diagram of an electronic control system of a centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block schematic diagram of a centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an implementation of a power management component of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an implementation of an optical system component of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embedded system and a display unit in the present application;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of optical signal detection in the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Analysis shows that the core requirements on the centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device are as follows:
1. a motor driving part for controlling the micro-fluidic chip to do uniform speed, acceleration and deceleration movements in a horizontal plane;
2. a temperature control part for controlling the temperature of a partial area in a chamber where the microfluidic chip is located or outside the chip;
3. the main controller component is used for controlling the reaction flow, executing instructions, processing information, man-machine interaction, outputting results and reporting the results;
4. an optical system component for reading optical signals from the detection process or final detection result;
Therefore, a scheme of a general electronic control system can be designed, so that the centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device can be used for detecting different detection projects and reaction types, and becomes a general and open detection platform, and the platform can be widely applied to the fields of future biochemical detection, nucleic acid analysis, immunoassay, pollutant detection, single cell research and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, in order to realize a general design of a centrifugal microfluidic analysis system, the present invention provides a centrifugal portable microfluidic analysis device (hereinafter referred to as a portable analysis device), which adopts an embedded modularized electronic design scheme, and after decomposing a core requirement, the core requirement is respectively completed by each core component, and resources are uniformly allocated by an embedded real-time operating system, including: a master component, an optical system component, a coordination processing component, a microfluidic chip, and a power management component. The microfluidic chip is a core carrier of the portable analysis device and is used for analyzing the types and the contents of different biological indexes; the main controller component, the coordination processing component and the optical system component are connected through a data bus to exchange data; the main controller component is used for controlling and displaying the whole portable analysis device; the optical system component is used for reading optical signals of the detection process or the final detection result; the coordination processing component is used for coordinating and managing motor driving, temperature control and other peripheral components in the portable analysis device; the power management component is connected with the main controller component, the coordination processing component and the optical system component, and provides a stable and reliable direct current power supply which meets the requirements of safety specifications and electromagnetic compatibility for the whole portable analysis device.
Further, the main controller component comprises an embedded system component 1 and a display component 2, wherein the embedded system component 1 is a special computer system of the portable analysis device and is used for controlling reaction flow, instruction execution, information processing, condition judgment, task scheduling, data interaction and resource allocation; the display part 2 is connected with the embedded system part 1 and is used for man-machine interaction, information input, result output, reporting and other functions, and is also a client terminal part.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the embedded system component 1 includes an embedded core 1-1, a first power management module 1-2, a real-time clock 1-3, a wired communicator 1-4, a wireless communicator 1-5, a sensor 1-6, and the like. The embedded core piece 1-1 is directly connected with other components such as the first power management module 1-2, the real-time clock 1-3, the wired communicating vessel 1-4, the wireless communicating vessel 1-5, the sensor 1-6 and the like and is used for running an embedded real-time operating system; the first power management module 1-2 is used for converting the higher voltage input by the battery or the adapter (i.e. the high voltage input by the power management component 5) into a fixed voltage suitable for the embedded system component 1; the real-time clocks 1-3 are used to provide a stable time reference; the wired communication device 1-4 is used for wired communication between the embedded system component 1 and the outside; the wireless communication device 1-5 is used for connecting the embedded system component 1 with external wireless data; the sensors 1-6 are used to monitor environmental and status information within or around the portable analysis device for indicating the operation of the instrument.
Further, the embedded core piece 1-1 can run an embedded real-time operating system, so that the use efficiency of the system is improved. Preferably, the Embedded core 1-1 used in the present application may employ a ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) processor, and the Embedded real-time operating system includes, but is not limited to, μC/OS-II/III, freeRTOS, embedded Linux, windows Embedded, and Android. The embedded real-time operating system has the functions of task management, synchronization and communication mechanisms between tasks and interrupts, memory management, interrupt management, file system, support for hardware, system transplantation and the like, and can facilitate developers to call resources such as universal bottom-layer driving software, system kernel, device driving interface, communication protocol, graphical interface and the like. And the embedded real-time operating system enables the execution time of the parallel multi-task to be more deterministic through priority setting, task scheduling, task and interrupt service, and has higher support for the portable, rapid and automatic reaction device related to the application. Meanwhile, the portability of the operation system can accelerate the development progress and facilitate the formation of a serialized biochemical reaction device.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the embedded core 1-1 includes an embedded processor 1-11, a memory 1-12, and a memory 1-13. The embedded processors 1-11 may employ a reduced instruction set microprocessor ARM, which selects different architectures according to the resources used. Preferably, the embedded processor of the present application employs an i.MX6 Quad embedded processor, employing 
Cortex TM -A9 architecture, the processor can run an embedded real-time operating system, improving the efficiency of the system. The memories 1-12 (ROM) are used for storing instructions to be executed, and may be nonvolatile memories, such as PROM, flash, etc., and when Flash Memory is used, protocols including IIC, SPI, eMMC, etc. interfaces may be used. Preferably, the memory of the present application employs a san disk serial SDIN5C2 chip. The memories 1-13 (Random Access Memory, RAM) are used for storing temporary data, and dynamic random access memories (random access memor, RAM) such as SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) and DDR RAM (Double Data Rate RandomAccess Memory) can be used, so that the memories can select different memory chips according to the size of data capacity, and the capacity can be expanded by using multiple memories in parallel. Preferably, the memory of the present application employs SDRAM from the MT41K family of the company Micron.
Further, the first power management module 1-2 adopts an integrated power management chip, and in the application, the first power management module 1-2 can select different power management chips according to different types of voltage, amplitude and current to be output. Preferably, the power management chip of the present application employs a chip of the MMPF0100 series of company Freescale Semiconductor.
Further, the first power management module 1-2 may be disposed in the embedded core 1-1, or may be disposed outside the embedded core 1-1 and inside the embedded system component 1.
Further, the real-time clock 1-3 includes a low power consumption real-time clock module and a button cell. The real-time clock module is internally provided with a frequency calibration crystal unit, the frequency calibration crystal unit has timing, calendar and timing interruption functions, and the real-time clock module initializes time when the system is restarted each time; the button battery is used for providing standby power for the real-time clock module after power failure. Preferably, the real-time clock module of the application adopts an EPSON company RX-8010SJ chip, and the button battery adopts a Panasonic company CR2032 battery.
Further, the embedded system component 1 is in wired communication with the outside, including a data bus for communication with other components within the portable analysis device, a parallel bus, and a communication protocol connection with other components outside the portable analysis device.
Further, the data bus may be used for data and instruction transmission between the embedded system component 1 and other components in the portable analysis device, and the category of the data bus includes, but is not limited to, I2C Serial bus, serial peripheral Interface (Serial Peripheral Interface), CAN bus, serial interfaces (Serial interfaces), and the like. Preferably, the present application employs multiple pairs of serial interface buses; more specifically, the embedded system component 1 and the coordination processing component, and the embedded system component 1 and the logic processing component 3 in the optical system component are connected by a data bus, and the embedded system component 1 performs overall resource and instruction scheduling.
Further, the parallel bus is used for data connection of the embedded system component 1 with the display component 2 in the portable analysis device. Preferably, the application adopts a touch display screen parallel bus of an LCD TTL data interface (comprising 24 paths of RGB, 1 path of clock and 3 paths of control signals) and 2 paths of Low-voltage differential signals (Low-Voltage Differential Signaling, LVDS).
Further, the communication protocol connection with other components outside the portable analysis device includes connection available for general communication protocols such as ethernet, USB, etc., wherein the wired communicator 1-4 includes connection for ethernet, and a scheme of connection to a network port via the network demodulator 1-41 may be adopted; the connection for USB can comprise USB hubs 1-42 and various USB connectors, and the USB hubs 1-42 can be simultaneously connected with a plurality of USB connectors, including but not limited to a D-type USB interface, a B-type USB interface and a double-layer USB interface. Preferably, the network demodulator 1-41 adopts an AR8031-AL1A integrated network receiving chip of Atheres corporation, and the USB hub 1-42 can adopt a USB2514B high-speed hub controller of Microchip corporation.
Further, the wireless communicators 1-5 are mainly used for wireless communication protocol connection with other equipment outside the device. In more detail, the wireless communicator may be used for wireless reading of calibration curve, wireless uploading and printing of detection result, wireless downloading of firmware update package, etc., where the wireless communicator 1-5 includes a mobile communication terminal 1-51, a wireless data terminal 1-52, a near field communication module 1-53, etc.
Further, the mobile communication terminal 1-51 may be used for long-distance wireless communication (more than 1 km) of the portable analysis device, and may perform the functions of wireless uploading of the detection result, wireless downloading of the firmware update package, remote detection of the portable analysis device, remote report query, etc., where the communication method includes but is not limited to GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, TD-LTE, etc., and the mobile communication terminal 1-51 connects the portable analysis device to the cloud integrated information processing platform through the form of the internet of things. Preferably, the mobile communication terminals 1-51 of the present application may be ME909s type TD-LTE mobile communication terminals of Huazhi technology Co., ltd.
Further, the wireless data terminals 1-52 can be used for medium-short distance wireless communication (within 1 km) of the portable analysis device, and can be used for finishing the functions of on-site printing and transmission of detection results, on-site monitoring of instrument states and the like, and the schemes which can be adopted include wireless local area network (WIFI) technology, bluetooth technology, zigBee module, nRF24L01P module and the like. Preferably, the wireless data terminals 1-52 of the application adopt an RL-UM02WBS module of Realtek company, which combines the Bluetooth technology and the WIFI technology into a whole, and can realize the interaction of data through a wireless local area network or Bluetooth protocol.
Furthermore, the near field communication module 1-53 can be used for near field communication (within 10 cm) of the portable analysis device, can be used for reading data such as a reaction standard curve, an inter-table difference correction parameter, a workflow execution table and the like, and is mainly used for reading key pre-information before biological testing. The schemes which can be adopted include a short-distance wireless communication technology (NearField Communication, NFC), a radio frequency identification technology (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) and the like. Preferably, the near field communication module 1-53 of the present application adopts a near field wireless communication technology, and the near field communication module 1-53 includes a near field communication controller and an antenna, wherein the near field communication controller adopts a PN532/C1 chip of a NXP company, and is coupled and matched with the antenna through a transformer, and reads data through a wireless smart card with a working frequency of 13.56 MHz.
Further, the wireless communicating vessel 1-5 expands the limitation of the data circulation space of the portable analysis device, circulates data among the cloud, other peripherals and users, so that the portable analysis device is more intelligent and automatic, and the convenience of operation is improved.
Further, the sensors 1-6 include, but are not limited to, temperature sensors 1-61, light intensity sensors 1-62, proximity sensors 1-63, and the like. Wherein the temperature sensor 1-61 is operable to monitor an external ambient temperature, record an external temperature at which the portable analysis device is operating, provide an external value to the temperature control assembly of the coordination processing unit for automatically optimizing parameters of the temperature control unit. Preferably, the present application may employ a PT100 type temperature sensor from the company HAYASHI DENKO. The light intensity sensors 1-62 are used to monitor the external ambient light intensity, provide external background values for optical detection by the logic processing unit 3, and can be used to automatically optimize parameters of the optical system components. The proximity sensors 1-63 are used for monitoring the closing state of cabin doors such as a cabin entering state, a pipe state and a cover state of the instrument, indicating position movement information and ensuring the safety of the instrument in the running process.
Further, the display part 2 includes a display screen 2-1, a backlight driver 2-2, a display interface 2-3, a contact controller 2-4, a second power management module 2-5, a touch sensing system 2-6, and the like. The display screen 2-1 is used for information display and information input, and can be small-sized LCD display screen, TFT display screen and other devices. The application adopts a 24-bit TFT resistance type display screen, and a contact sensing layer is arranged on the surface of the display screen. The backlight driver 2-2 is used to provide backlight for the display screen 21, and typically employs a constant current type driving power supply. The application adopts a constant-current type direct current/direct current LED driver. The display interface 2-3 is used for providing a data stream to be displayed by the display screen 2-1, and is connected with the embedded system component 1 through a parallel port. The contact controller 2-4 is used for detecting and recording the clicking position of a user, is connected with the contact sensing layer of the display screen 2-1, converts the information of the contact position coordinates of the display screen 2-1 into bus data which is convenient to identify by a chip, and sends the bus data to the embedded system component 1. The touch screen control chip TSC2007 is adopted in the application, and is connected with the embedded system component 1 through an I2C serial bus. The second power management module 2-5 provides reliable power with stable voltage and small power ripple, and applicable schemes include, but are not limited to, devices such as an LDO power chip with conventional linear voltage reduction, a switch power chip with low loss and low voltage reduction, a controllable precise voltage stabilizing source and the like. The haptic systems 2-6 are used to provide haptic feedback when the system is controlling and interacting, provide feedback as to whether the information input is correct, complete, including but not limited to micro-vibration motors, etc., and may provide haptic feedback by vibration, etc. when the information input is correct, complete.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the coordination processing means includes a micro controller 6, an illumination light source 7, a position and excitation means 8, an excitation light source 9, a temperature control means 10, an electromagnet means 11, a motor driving means 12, and the like. The micro controller 6 is used for receiving and executing the instruction sent by the embedded system component 1 and executing the driving and controlling tasks of the corresponding component; the illumination source 7 is used for instrument status display or illumination in the cabin; the position and excitation component 8 is used for providing position information for optical detection, detecting the states of an instrument bin gate, an upper cover and a lower cover, and exciting the excitation light source 9; the excitation light source 9 is used for providing a stable light source required by biological experiment detection; the temperature control component 10 is used for adjusting and maintaining the temperature of the region in the chamber where the microfluidic chip is located to a set temperature, wherein the microfluidic chip is arranged on a tray in the chamber, and the tray is connected with the rotating motor through a motor connecting shaft penetrating through a central hole of the chamber; the electromagnet part 11 is used for controlling the opening and closing cover or the warehouse entering state of the analysis device; the motor driving part 12 is used for controlling the motor carrying the micro-fluidic chip to perform uniform speed, acceleration and deceleration rotary motion.
Further, the micro controller 6 may adopt schemes including, but not limited to, 51 series single-chip microcomputer, AVR series single-chip microcomputer, ARM Cortex-M series single-chip microcomputer, etc. Preferably, the microcontroller 6 of the present application employs an STM32F103RBT6 chip of the armcotex-M series.
Further, the illumination light source 7 includes a lamp panel driver 7-1 and an illumination lamp panel 7-2, the lamp panel driver 7-1 is connected to the micro controller 6, and the illumination lamp panel 7-2 is driven and controlled under the control of the micro controller 6. Preferably, the lamp panel driver 7-1 can adopt an LED constant current driver XL3001 chip; the lamp panel 7-2 may employ LED beads, LEDs, etc.
Further, the position and excitation part 8 comprises a signal preprocessing 8-1, a trigger detector 8-2 and a position detector 8-3, and the trigger detector 8-2, the position detector 8-3 and the excitation light source 9 are connected to the micro controller 6 and the logic processing part 3 through a data bus after being subjected to the signal preprocessing 8-1; the trigger detector 8-2 is used for detecting the position of the microfluidic chip in the cavity and providing position information for optical detection; the position detector 8-3 is used for detecting the states of the instrument bin gate and the upper cover and the lower cover. Preferably, the signal preprocessing 8-1 can use various bus interface chips, and the trigger detector 8-2 and the position detector 8-3 use a slot-type optocoupler scheme of the OPB 620.
Further, the excitation light source 9 includes, but is not limited to, light sources such as deuterium lamp, mercury lamp, xenon lamp, and sodium lamp for absorbance detection, single wavelength laser for fluorescence detection, single color LED, and the like; due to the principle of detection and the difference in the measured substance, these excitation light sources 9 can be operated in a continuous illumination or in a blinking illumination state. Preferably, the present application employs a xenon lamp that operates in a flash state. The excitation light emitted by the excitation light source 9 irradiates the corresponding detection position of the microfluidic chip, and different optical signals can be generated according to different participation in biochemical reactions, including but not limited to light absorption, light scattering, stimulated fluorescence, phosphorescence and other phenomena. The optical signals are collected by an optical focusing lens, split by a dichroic mirror and focused at different space positions after being subjected to single-wavelength color filters; the light signals at these spatial locations are then each received by a corresponding photodetector array and converted to an electronic current or voltage, which is then conditioned to a suitable voltage detection range.
Further, the temperature control part 10 includes a temperature control part and a temperature measuring part, wherein the temperature measuring part is used for collecting the temperature in the chamber, transmitting the temperature to the micro controller 6, and adjusting the temperature control part according to a proportional-integral-derivative control (PID control) method so that the temperature value measured by the temperature measuring part reaches a set temperature value.
Further, the temperature measuring part comprises a temperature detector 10-1 and a temperature collector 10-2, wherein the temperature detector 10-1 is arranged at the inner side of the chamber where the microfluidic chip is positioned and is used for sensing ambient temperature and converting the ambient temperature into a usable output signal. The temperature collector 10-2 is used for converting the differences of analog signals such as voltage and current generated by the temperature detector 10-1 according to different temperatures into digital values which can be processed by the microcontroller 6, and the schemes adopted by the temperature collector include a general-purpose analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an integrated sensor collecting chip and the like.
Further, the temperature sensor 10-1 may employ a contact type temperature sensor including, but not limited to, a thermocouple of various types such as K, E, J, N, B, S, R, T, and a thermistor such as Pt100, pt10, cu50, cu100, etc. Preferably, the temperature probe 10-1 of the present application employs a Pt100 platinum thermal resistor. Preferably, the temperature collector 10-2 of the present application employs an ADS1248 chip.
Further, the temperature control component comprises a bidirectional transceiver 10-3, a fan component, a heating film component and the like, wherein the bidirectional transceiver 10-3 is connected with the micro controller 6 and used for buffering data, separating a low voltage part of the micro controller 6 from a high voltage part such as a heating film and the like, avoiding the integral influence on the coordination processing component when the high voltage part fails, and adopting schemes such as a digital isolator, various bus transceivers, a transformer driver and the like. The fan assembly and the heating film assembly are used for heating or radiating according to a temperature control signal sent by the micro controller 6, so that the temperature of the chamber where the microfluidic chip is located reaches a set temperature.
Further, the fan assembly may be composed of a fan driver 10-4 and a temperature control fan 10-5 for radiating heat from the chamber, and the temperature control fan 10-5 may be installed at the back of the apparatus to control the air flow rate and thus influence the heat dissipation speed. The fan driver 10-4 may employ schemes including, but not limited to, half-bridge driver chips, MOSFET transistor driving.
Further, the heating film assembly may be composed of a heating film driver 10-6, a lower heating film 10-7, an upper heating film 10-8, and the like. The lower heating film 10-7 and the upper heating film 10-8 are respectively attached to the outer side of the lower surface and the outer side of the upper surface of the chamber where the microfluidic chip is positioned and are used for heating the chamber; solutions including but not limited to flexible thermal resistance wires, infrared heaters, etc. may be employed. The heating film driver 10-6 is used to drive and control the lower heating film 10-7 and the upper heating film 10-8, and may adopt schemes including, but not limited to, half-bridge driving chips, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET tube) driving.
Further, the bi-directional transceiver 10-3 may employ a digital isolator 74HC245 chip; the heating film driver 10-6 and the fan driver 10-4 may employ MOSFET transistors FDS5670; the heating film can adopt a flexible thermal resistance wire scheme.
Further, the electromagnet part 11 comprises an electromagnet driver 11-1 and a limiting electromagnet 11-2, the electromagnet driver 11-1 is connected with the micro controller 6, and the micro controller 6 controls and drives the limiting electromagnet 11-2 to act, so that the electromagnet part 11 can finish the functions of entering and exiting a bin of a side door or opening and closing an upper cover of an instrument.
Further, the motor driving unit 12 is composed of a motor driver 12-1 and a rotating motor 12-2, and the motor driver 12-1 is connected to the rotating motor 12-2 to drive the rotating motor 12-2 to operate in accordance with a control signal sent from the microcontroller 6.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the optical system components include a photodetector array 4, a pre-amplification component 5, and a logic processing component 3. The photodetector array 4 is electrically connected to a pre-stage amplifying unit 5, and the pre-stage amplifying unit 5 is electrically connected to the logic processing device 3. The photoelectric detector array 4 is used for detecting the intensity change of optical signals in different reaction processes, and the optical signals of different channels are focused on different photoelectric detectors; the pre-amplification part 5 is used for preprocessing the signals detected by the photodetector array 4; the logic processing unit 3 is configured to process the photoelectric voltage signal after the pre-amplification to a voltage range suitable for the acquisition of the analog-to-digital converter, and perform a logic operation on the acquired digital pulse signals of the plurality of channels.
Further, the logic processing unit 3 includes an FPGA controller 3-1, a first stage amplification 3-2, a program controlled gain adjustment 3-3, a third stage amplification 3-4, a final stage amplification 3-5, a multiplexer 3-7, an analog-to-digital converter 3-8, a third power management module 3-6, and the like. The FPGA controller 3-1 is an information processing center of an optical system component and is used for detecting and judging the position of the microfluidic chip, controlling the starting of the excitation light source 9, recording optical signals in the detection reaction hole, judging the corresponding substance category and calculating the content of the substances; the first-stage amplification 3-2 is used for amplifying the voltage signal output by the front-stage amplification component 5 according to a fixed multiple so that the amplified voltage signal is in the range of subsequent program-controlled gain adjustment; the program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3 is used for attenuating and adjusting the output signal of the first-stage amplification 3-2 to a proper range according to the signal sent by the FPGA controller 3-1; the third-stage amplification 3-4 is used for amplifying the voltage signal attenuated by the program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3 according to a fixed multiple; the final stage amplification 3-5 is used for connecting the voltage which is output by the third stage amplification 3-4 and amplified to a proper range with a rear-end digital signal part after impedance matching, thereby playing a role in buffering and isolation; the multiplexers 3-7 are used for selectively connecting one or a plurality of multichannel voltage signals subjected to signal conditioning to the subsequent analog-digital converter 3-8, and the common end of each multiplexer 3-7 can be connected with one analog-digital converter 3-8; the analog-to-digital converter 3-8 is used for converting the voltage signal switched and selected by the multiplexer 3-7 into a binary digital signal which can be processed by the FPGA controller 3-1.
Further, the working principle of the FPGA controller 3-1 is as follows: and judging the position of the microfluidic chip by detecting the state of the trigger detector 8-2 positioned by the chip. For biological reaction requiring external light irradiation and excitation, the on and off time of the excitation light source 9 can be controlled, so that corresponding optical signals are generated only when the reaction hole to be detected is accurately positioned under the excitation light source 9. Because the detection items carried out in the reaction holes at different positions of the microfluidic chip are different, the optical signal intensity and the optical signal wavelength are different. When the motor drives the micro-fluid chip to move to different angles and correspond to different detection items, the multiplexer 3-7 is switched and regulated, signals with the wavelength corresponding to the detection information of the reaction hole are switched to an analog-digital converter, and corresponding digital signals are collected; meanwhile, the FPGA controller 3-1 can carry out attenuation adjustment on the program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3, and adjust the voltage signal to the proper voltage acquisition range of the analog-to-digital converter 3-8.
Further, the first stage of amplification 3-2 may be an operational amplifier that amplifies the initial voltage to a higher magnitude using either co-directional or counter-directional amplification and is suitable for subsequent programmed gain adjustment ranges. Preferably, the application adopts a fixed magnification factor of 5 times in the reverse direction, and the voltage after 3-2 is amplified by the pre-amplifying component 5 and the first stage is generally 0.5-5V p-p Is not limited in terms of the range of (a).
Further, since the optical signal intensity variation range involved in the optical detection is wide, the signal cannot be adjusted to the most suitable acquisition voltage range only by adopting the amplification mode of the fixed gain. The program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3 can perform program adjustment on the amplification factor of the signal through the logic processing component 3, so as to adjust the amplification factor of the whole analog signal link. The program controlled gain adjustment 3-3 can adopt program controlled amplifier, programmable amplifier, digital-analog converter, etc. Preferably, the present application employs a digital-to-analog converter operating in a multiplier mode, which connects the voltage signal to be measured to the reference signal terminal of the digital-to-analog converter, and sets the value of the digital signal terminal by the logic processing unit 3, thereby generating the attenuated voltage signal at the output terminal.
Further, the third stage amplification 3-4 may be an operational amplification employing either co-directional or reverse amplification. Preferably, the present application employs an op-amp chip scheme with a fixed magnification of 8.5 times in reverse.
Further, the final stage amplification 3-5 may employ an operational amplifier operating in a state of amplifying the same-direction voltage more with the reverse direction by one time. Preferably, the present application employs an operational amplifier chip scheme operating in an inverse one-time amplification mode.
Further, the program controlled gain adjustment 3-3, the third stage amplification 3-4, and the final stage amplification 3-5 may be collectively referred to as a post stage amplification in this application.
Further, the multiplexers 3-7 may employ schemes including, but not limited to, multiplexing switches, analog multiplexers, and the like. The preferred application employs a scheme of CMOS analog multiplexers, each multiplexer having 16 alternative switching terminals and each multiplexer having a common terminal.
Further, the analog-to-digital converter 3-8 employs an analog-to-digital converter of an all 14-bit 10M conversion rate.
Further, when parallel detection is performed on multiple channels, a corresponding first-stage amplification 3-2, program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3, third-stage amplification 3-4 and final-stage amplification 3-5 can be set for each individual channel, and each channel corresponds to one photodetector. When a plurality of channels work in parallel, the first stage amplification 3-2, the program controlled gain adjustment 3-3, the third stage amplification 3-4 and the final stage amplification 3-5 can adopt a scheme that a plurality of channels are integrated in a chip.
Further, the photodetector array 4 is provided with a plurality of photodetectors, and for different optical signals, corresponding different photodetectors can be used, for example, a photomultiplier tube, an avalanche photodiode detector and the like can be used for weak fluorescent signals, and a PIN junction photodiode can be used for stronger scattered and transmitted light. The plurality of photodetectors can detect optical signals with different wavelengths at the same time, and the light with different wavelengths can be split into different photodetectors by a scheme of splitting light by the dichroic mirror and limiting the wavelengths by the narrow-band color filters. Preferably, the present application uses a type S12158 silicon PIN photodiode from HAMAMATSU corporation, which may be used in any number of 1 to 13, and specifically, may be consistent with the number of different spatial positions after focusing, splitting and color filtering of the excitation light source.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the pre-amplification section 5 includes, but is not limited to, a fourth power management module 5-1, a voltage reference source 5-2, a current-to-voltage conversion 5-3, and sub-modules of each channel pre-amplification 5-4. The fourth power manager 5-1 and the voltage reference source 5-2 are connected with the power management component, and the fourth power management module 5-1 is used for providing reliable power with stable voltage and small power ripple; the voltage reference source 5-2 is used for providing reference bias voltage of the photoelectric detector; the current-voltage conversion 5-3 is used for converting the current type signal output by the photoelectric detector array 4 into a voltage type signal which is easy to perform analog amplification processing and transmitting the voltage type signal to each channel for pre-amplification 5-4; the preamplification 5-4 of each channel can finish the forward or reverse amplification of voltage with a certain fixed multiple through an operational amplifier, so that the voltage signal of the photoelectric detector is preamplified and sent to the logic processing component 3.
Further, the fourth power management module 5-1 may employ schemes including, but not limited to, conventional linear buck LDO power chips, low loss low voltage drop switching power chips, controllable precision voltage regulator sources, and the like. Preferably, the fourth power management module 5-1 of the present application employs an LT1962 type LDO chip of Linear company.
Further, the voltage reference source 5-2 may employ a reference voltage source. Preferably, the voltage reference source 5-2 of the present application is an ADR01 chip from ADI corporation.
Further, the scheme of the OPA2132 double operational amplifier chip is adopted, and the voltage formed by the current signal through the 330K resistor is initially amplified to 10 times in the same direction by the second operational amplifier chip.
Furthermore, the microfluidic chip is a core carrier of the portable analysis device, adopts a special structural design, and is placed in the portable analysis device, so that the operations of liquid sample adding, quantifying, separating, mixing, incubating, detecting and the like are automatically completed by an instrument. Different detection reaction holes can be arranged on the microfluidic chip along the same radius, and the detection of optical signals such as absorbance, phosphorescence, fluorescence and the like in each reaction hole can be used for analyzing the types and the contents of different biological indexes.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the power management unit includes a fifth power management module 13, a safety device 14, an ac power adapter 15, and a rechargeable battery pack constituted by a battery pack 16, a battery level monitor 17, and a battery charger 18. The ac power adapter 15 is used for converting an input ac voltage into a dc voltage, providing power supply conversion from a commercial power to a low-voltage dc power, and various desktop power adapters authenticated by medical safety regulations can be used; safety 14 is used for current over-current protection and surge protection of the device, including, but not limited to, fuse fuses for over-current protection and surge protectors to prevent surges; the fifth power management module 13 is used to convert the dc voltage supplied from the ac power adapter 15 into a reference voltage and a low noise voltage for use in the portable analysis device, and to manage the rechargeable battery pack when the portable analysis device incorporates the rechargeable battery pack.
Further, the fifth power management unit 13 may include a switch 13-1, a filter 13-2, a battery management 13-3, a voltage monitoring 13-4, a system power supply 13-5, a low noise power supply 13-6, and the like. The switch 13-1 is used for a change-over switch started by a power supply, and the filter 13-2 is connected with the switch 13-1 and used for electromagnetic compatibility filtering after the power supply is input; the battery management 13-3 is used for managing the power supply and charging relation between the alternating current power supply adapter 15 and the battery pack 16, and realizing the scheduling of charging and the like while working the reaction device; when the analysis device does not need to have a rechargeable battery built in, the component can be omitted. The voltage monitoring 13-4 is used together with the battery management 13-3, can monitor the voltage of the alternating current power adapter 15 and receive the voltage and electric quantity information of the battery pack 16, and provides information for the battery management 13-3; meanwhile, the system also monitors the voltage state of the system power supply 13-5, and if the system power supply is too low or too high, prompt information is displayed on the display screen 2 or the battery management 13-3 carries out judgment processing.
Further, when a rechargeable battery is built in the analysis device, a combination of the battery pack 16, the battery level monitor 17, and the battery charger 18 may be adopted. Where the battery pack 16 may be a single or a combination of lithium, nickel metal hydride, sodium sulfur, etc., it generally includes a battery cell 16-1 and a battery protector 16-2. The battery level monitor 17 is used to monitor the remaining level of the battery pack 16 and provide a charging and power schedule to the battery charger 18 and the battery management 13-3. The battery charger 18 may be provided with a dedicated battery pack charging chip, and may provide charging modes including, but not limited to, trickle charge, constant current charge, constant voltage charge, etc., the battery charger 18 being connected to the ac power adapter 15 through the safety device 14.
Further, the power management section 8 supplies power to the system power supply 13-5 and the low noise power supply 13-6 after passing through the filter 13-2. Wherein the system power supply 13-5 provides the reference voltage source required for the whole reaction device and the low noise power supply 13-6 provides the low noise voltage source to the optical detection means. The system power supply 13-5 provides the primary reference voltage source and may employ schemes including, but not limited to, various types of buck, reverse low loss, switch mode power supply chips. The low noise power supply 13-6 can be a reliable power supply with stable voltage and small power supply ripple, and the scheme can be adopted to include, but is not limited to, devices such as an LDO power supply chip with conventional linear voltage reduction, a controllable precise voltage stabilizing source and the like.
As shown in fig. 6, an optical detection flow chart of the present application includes the following steps:
s1: when the microfluidic chip rotates to a specific position X, the trigger detector 82 generates a signal related to the position, and the specific position X is related to the position of a reaction hole Y to be detected;
s2: after the logic processing part 3 monitors the signal, the specific position X is identified, and the position relation and wavelength information of the reaction hole Y to be detected and the current attenuation multiple C are inquired;
s3: after the interval time z= (angle from the position of the reaction hole Y to the specific position X)/rotation angular velocity, the FPGA controller 3-1 in the logic processing unit controls the excitation light source 9 to emit a beam of excitation light, and irradiates the excitation light to the reaction hole Y to be detected of the microfluidic chip;
S4: meanwhile, the logic processing part 3 switches the multiplexer 3-7 and switches the amplifying channel of the photoelectric detector which accords with the Y wavelength information of the reaction hole to be detected to be connected with the analog-digital converter 3-8;
s5: the photoelectric detector array 4 senses the change of an optical signal in the micro-fluidic chip reaction hole Y and converts the change into a current signal, the current signal is subjected to current-voltage conversion 5-3, pre-amplification 5-4, first-stage amplification 3-2 and later-stage amplification, and then enters the multiplexer 3-7, and the voltage of part of channels is collected into a digital signal H by the analog-to-digital converter 3-8;
s6: the FPGA controller 3-1 in the logic processing part 3 interprets the acquired digital signal H, and if the digital signal H is in the optimal range K, the attenuation multiple C of the program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3 at the moment is recorded;
s7: if the digital signal H is not in the optimal range K, changing the attenuation multiple of the program-controlled gain adjustment 3-3 until the digital signal H is in the optimal range K when the digital signal H is in a stop state or the microfluidic chip rotates to a specific position X next time;
s8: the FPGA controller 3-1 in the logic processing unit 3 calculates the optical signal intensity at the wavelength through the digital signal H, the attenuation factor C and other fixed amplification factors, and further obtains information such as the type, the content, the reaction progress and the like of the biological index in the reaction well Y.
S9: if more reaction holes and blank positions are required to be detected correspondingly, the microfluidic chip is required to be rotated to a specific position X 2 、X 3 And proceeds according to steps S1-S8.
The foregoing embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, wherein the structures, connection modes, manufacturing processes, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device characterized in that it comprises: the system comprises a main controller component, a coordination processing component, an optical system component, a micro-fluid chip and a power management component;
the microfluidic chip is a core carrier of the portable analysis device and is used for analyzing the types and the contents of different biological indexes;
the main controller component, the optical system component and the coordination processing component are connected through a data bus to exchange data;
the main controller component is used for controlling and displaying the whole system;
the optical system component is used for reading optical signals of a detection process or a final detection result;
the coordination processing component is used for coordinating and managing motor driving, temperature control and other peripheral components in the portable analysis device;
The power management component is connected with the main controller component, the coordination processing component and the optical system component and is used for providing direct current power for the whole portable analysis device;
the main controller component comprises an embedded system component and a display component, wherein the embedded system component is used for controlling reaction flow, instruction execution, information processing, condition judgment, task scheduling, data interaction and resource allocation; the display component is connected with the embedded system component and is used for man-machine interaction, information input, result output and reporting functions;
the embedded system component comprises an embedded core piece, a first power management module, a real-time clock, a wired communicating vessel, a wireless communicating vessel and a sensor; the embedded core piece is connected with the first power management module, the real-time clock, the wired communicating vessel, the wireless communicating vessel and the sensor and is used for running an embedded real-time operating system; the embedded core piece comprises an embedded processor, a memory and a memory; the embedded processor is used for running the embedded system, the memory is used for storing instructions to be executed, and the memory is used for storing temporary data; the first power management module is used for converting the voltage input by the power management component into a fixed voltage suitable for the embedded system component; the real-time clock is used for providing a stable time reference; the wired connector is used for wired communication between the embedded system component and the outside, and comprises a data bus used for communicating with other components in the portable analysis device, a parallel bus and a communication protocol connection with other components outside the portable analysis device; the wireless connector is used for connecting the embedded system component with external wireless data; the sensor is used for monitoring the environment and state information in or around the portable analysis device and indicating the running condition of the instrument;
The coordination processing component comprises a micro-controller, an illumination light source, a position and excitation component, an excitation light source, a temperature control component, an electromagnet component and a motor driving component; the micro controller is used for receiving and executing the instruction sent by the embedded system component and executing the driving and control tasks of the corresponding component; the illumination light source is used for instrument state display or illumination in the cabin; the position and excitation component is used for providing position information for optical detection, detecting the states of an instrument bin gate, an upper cover and a lower cover, and exciting the excitation light source; the excitation light source is used for providing a stable light source required by biological experiment detection; the temperature control component is used for adjusting and maintaining the temperature of the area in the chamber where the microfluidic chip is positioned to a set temperature; the electromagnet component is used for controlling the opening and closing cover or the warehouse entering state of the portable analysis device; the motor driving part is used for controlling a rotating motor loaded with the micro-fluidic chip to perform uniform-speed, acceleration and deceleration rotating motions;
the optical system component comprises a photoelectric detector array, a pre-amplifying component and a logic processing component; the photoelectric detector array is electrically connected with the pre-stage amplifying component, and the pre-stage amplifying component is electrically connected with the logic processing component; the photoelectric detector array is used for detecting the optical signal intensity change of the microfluidic chip in different reaction processes; the pre-amplification component is used for preprocessing signals detected by the photoelectric detector array; the logic processing component is used for processing the photoelectric voltage signal amplified by the front stage to a voltage range suitable for acquisition of the analog-to-digital converter and carrying out logic operation on the acquired digital pulse signals of a plurality of channels;
The logic processing component comprises an FPGA controller, a first-stage amplification, a program-controlled gain adjustment, a third-stage amplification, a final-stage amplification, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter and a third power management module; the FPGA controller is used for detecting and judging the position of the microfluidic chip, controlling the starting of the excitation light source, recording optical signals in the detection reaction holes, judging the corresponding substance types and calculating the content of the substances; the first-stage amplification is used for amplifying the voltage signal output by the pre-stage amplification component according to a fixed multiple so that the amplified voltage signal is in the range of the program-controlled gain adjustment; the program-controlled gain adjustment is used for carrying out attenuation adjustment on the output signal amplified by the first stage according to the signal sent by the FPGA controller; the third-stage amplification is used for amplifying the voltage signal subjected to program-controlled gain adjustment attenuation according to a fixed multiple; the final amplification is used for connecting the voltage output by the third-stage amplification with the multiplexer after impedance matching; the multiplexer is used for selectively connecting one or a plurality of multichannel voltage signals to the analog-to-digital converter according to the selection signals sent by the FPGA; the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the voltage signal switched and selected by the multiplexer into a binary digital signal which can be processed by the FPGA controller.
2. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless communication device comprises a mobile communication terminal, a wireless data terminal and a near field communication module, wherein the mobile communication terminal is used for long-distance wireless communication of more than 1km of a portable analysis device; the wireless data terminal is used for medium-short distance wireless communication within 1km of the portable analysis device; the near field communication module is used for short-distance wireless communication of the portable analysis device within 10 cm.
3. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the display component comprises a display screen, a backlight driver, a display interface, a contact controller, a second power management module and a touch system; the display screen is used for information display and information input, and the surface of the display screen is provided with a contact sensing layer; the backlight driver is used for providing backlight of the display screen; the display interface is connected with the embedded system component and is used for providing a data stream to be displayed by the display screen; the contact controller is connected with the contact sensing layer of the display screen and is used for detecting and recording the position clicked by a user, converting the information of the contact position coordinates of the display screen into bus data which is convenient to identify and sending the bus data to the embedded system component; the second power management module provides power for the display component; the touch sensing system is used for providing touch sensing feedback during system control and interaction and providing feedback whether information input is correct and complete.
4. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the position and excitation component comprises signal preprocessing, a position detector and a trigger detector, and the signal preprocessing, the position detector and the excitation light source are connected to the micro controller and the optical system component through a data bus after being preprocessed by the signals; the trigger detector is used for detecting the position of the microfluidic chip in the cavity and providing position information for optical detection; the position detector is used for detecting the states of the instrument bin gate and the upper and lower covers.
5. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature control part comprises a temperature control part and a temperature measuring part, wherein the temperature measuring part is used for collecting the temperature in the cavity, transmitting the temperature to the micro controller and adjusting the temperature control part according to a proportional-integral-derivative control method so that the temperature value measured by the temperature measuring part reaches a set temperature value.
6. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 5, wherein: the temperature measuring component comprises a temperature detector and a temperature collector, wherein the temperature detector is arranged at the inner side of a cavity where the microfluidic chip is positioned and is used for sensing ambient temperature and converting the ambient temperature into a usable output signal; the temperature collector is used for converting the voltage and current analog signal difference generated by the temperature detector along with different temperatures into a digital value which can be processed by the micro controller.
7. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 5, wherein: the temperature control component comprises a bidirectional transceiver, a fan assembly and a heating film assembly, wherein the bidirectional transceiver is connected with the micro controller and used for data buffering; the fan assembly and the heating film assembly are used for heating or radiating according to a temperature control signal sent by the micro controller, so that the temperature of a chamber where the microfluidic chip is located reaches a set temperature;
the fan assembly comprises a fan driver and a temperature control fan, and the temperature control fan is arranged on the back of the portable analysis device and is driven by the fan driver;
the heating film assembly comprises a heating film driver, a lower heating film and an upper heating film, wherein the lower heating film and the upper heating film are respectively attached to the outer side of the lower surface and the outer side of the upper surface of a chamber where the microfluidic chip is located, and are used for heating the chamber under the driving of the heating film driver.
8. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric detector array is provided with a plurality of photoelectric detectors for carrying out photoelectric detection on different optical signals.
9. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-amplification comprises a fourth power management module, a voltage reference source, current-voltage conversion and pre-amplification of each channel, wherein the fourth power management module and the voltage reference source are connected with the power management component, and the fourth power management module is used for providing power for the pre-amplification; the voltage reference source is used for providing reference bias voltage of the photoelectric detector array; the current-voltage conversion is used for converting the current type signal output by the photoelectric detector array into a voltage type signal which is easy to carry out analog amplification processing and sending the voltage type signal to each channel for pre-amplification; the pre-amplification of each channel is used for pre-amplifying the voltage signal of the photoelectric detector and sending the voltage signal to the logic processing component.
10. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: different detection reaction holes can be arranged on the microfluidic chip along the same radius.
11. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 1, wherein: the power management component comprises a fifth power management module, a safety device and an alternating current power adapter; the alternating current power adapter is used for converting input alternating current voltage into direct current voltage and providing power supply conversion from commercial power to low-voltage direct current; the safety device is used for current overcurrent protection and surge protection of equipment; the fifth power management module is used for converting the direct current voltage provided by the alternating current power adapter into a reference voltage and a low-noise voltage for the portable analysis device, and managing the rechargeable battery assembly when the rechargeable battery assembly is built in the portable analysis device; the rechargeable battery assembly comprises a battery pack, a battery power monitor and a battery charger; the battery power monitor is used for monitoring the residual power of the battery pack and providing charging and power supply scheduling for the battery charger and the battery management unit; the battery charger is connected with the alternating current power supply adapter through the safety device to charge the battery pack.
12. A centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to claim 11, wherein: the fifth power management module comprises a switch, a filter, battery management, voltage monitoring, a system power supply and a low-noise power supply; the switch is used for a change-over switch started by a power supply, and the filter is connected with the switch and used for electromagnetic compatibility filtering after the power supply is input; the battery management is used for managing the power supply and charging relation between the alternating current power supply adapter and the rechargeable battery assembly, and the dispatching of charging while working of the reaction device is realized; the voltage monitoring is used in cooperation with the battery management, monitors the voltage of the alternating current power supply adapter, receives the voltage and electric quantity information of the battery pack, provides information for the battery management, monitors the voltage state of the system power supply, and prompts information through a main controller component or judges the battery management if the system power supply is too low or too high.
13. A method of using a centrifugal portable microfluidic analytical device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps of:
s1: when the microfluidic chip rotates to a specific position X, triggering the detector to generate a signal related to the position, wherein the specific position X is related to the position of a reaction hole Y to be detected on the microfluidic chip;
S2: after the logic processing component monitors the position signal, the specific position X is identified, and the position relation and wavelength information of the reaction hole Y to be detected and the current attenuation multiple C are inquired;
s3: after the interval time Z=the angular/rotational angular speed from the position of the reaction hole Y to the specific position X, the logic processing part controls the excitation light source in the coordination processing part to emit a beam of excitation light and irradiates the excitation light to the reaction hole Y to be detected of the microfluidic chip;
s4: meanwhile, the logic processing component switches the multiplexer and switches the amplifying channel of the photoelectric detector which accords with the Y wavelength information of the reaction hole to be connected with the analog-digital converter;
s5: the photoelectric detector array senses the change of an optical signal in a reaction hole Y to be detected in the micro-fluidic chip, converts the change into a current signal, and after being preprocessed by the pre-stage amplifying component, the current signal enters the logic processing component for over-current voltage conversion, pre-amplification, first-stage amplification and post-stage amplification, and then enters the multiplexer, and the voltage of part of channels is collected into a digital signal H by the analog-to-digital converter;
s6: the FPGA controller in the logic processing part interprets the acquired digital signal H, and if the digital signal H is in the optimal range K, the attenuation multiple C of program-controlled gain adjustment at the moment is recorded;
S7: if the digital signal H is not in the optimal range K, changing the attenuation multiple of program-controlled gain adjustment until the digital signal H is in the optimal range K in a stop state or when the microfluidic chip rotates to a specific position X next time;
s8: the logic processing part calculates the optical signal intensity under the wavelength through the digital signal H, the attenuation multiple C and other fixed amplification factors, and further obtains the category, the content and the reaction progress information of the biological index in the reaction hole Y to be detected;
s9: if more reaction holes and blank positions are required to be detected correspondingly, the microfluidic chip is required to be rotated to a specific position X 2 、X 3 And proceeds according to steps S1-S8.
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