CN110361033A - Essential safe type sensor for process automation - Google Patents

Essential safe type sensor for process automation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110361033A
CN110361033A CN201910216630.5A CN201910216630A CN110361033A CN 110361033 A CN110361033 A CN 110361033A CN 201910216630 A CN201910216630 A CN 201910216630A CN 110361033 A CN110361033 A CN 110361033A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
diode
rectifier diode
zener diode
cathode
zener
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Granted
Application number
CN201910216630.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110361033B (en
Inventor
斯特凡·皮尔茨
约尔格·乌勒
斯特凡·保罗
亨德里克·佐恩
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Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Endress and Hauser Conducta GmbH and Co KG
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Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416—Systems
    • G01N27/4166—Systems measuring a particular property of an electrolyte
    • G01N27/4167—Systems measuring a particular property of an electrolyte pH
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D11/24—Housings ; Casings for instruments
    • G01D11/26—Windows; Cover glasses; Sealings therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/08—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for safeguarding the apparatus, e.g. against abnormal operation, against breakdown
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H04Q9/02—Automatically-operated arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/414—Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/008—Intrinsically safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

This application involves a kind of essential safe type sensors for process automation.The invention discloses a kind of essential safe type field devices (1) for process automation, comprising: for detecting at least one at least one measured sensor element (4)；Secondary coil (3), for sending and receiving data --- value especially obtained from measured variable --- with primary coil (13) and for from primary coil reception power, wherein secondary coil (3) to include the first tie point (3.1) and the second tie point (3.2)；Second connected body (2), be designed to it is complementary with the first connected body (12), wherein the second connected body (2) includes secondary coil (3)；And it is arranged in the circuit unit (40) in secondary coil (3) downstream.In circuit unit, Zener diode (Z1-Z6) is connected to the upstream of rectifier diode (D1-D6).

Description

Essential safe type sensor for process automation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of essential safe type sensors for process automation.
Background technique
Intrinsically safe equipment is used in the environment with explosive atmosphere.Work is defined to connect these equipment The data those of known to " entity value ".In most cases, these data include voltage and current.For a user, this Just mean that he can operate these intrinsically safe equipments using only these parameters.For example, if intrinsically safe equipment has Having parameter is Ui=5.7V and Ii=130mA then must be noted that ensure that power supply unit using these data as maximum output value And ensure the input condition of intrinsically safe equipment.
Equally exist the essential safe type device with the induction interface as power supply interface.What it is positioned at primary side is to have The connecting element of first coil, and be located at primary side is for the sensor using the second Coil Detector measured variable.Two A coil forms a transformer.In order to protect this essential safe type device from external action, or in order to make explosivity Medium is usually packaged far from component, this intrinsic safety type component.
Moreover, in addition to the current supply, can also be carried out data transmission via this induction interface using two coils.Example Such as, this is realized by modulation carrier signal.Applicant sells such product with the title of " Memosens ".
Maximum can the definition of transimission power represent a kind of specific condition.Theoretically, in this case, the electricity of primary side Stream and voltage assume that as arbitrary value, as long as the power output of primary side is restricted.
In order to effectively limit voltage here, usually using Zener (Zener) diode, crowbar grades and resistor. Therefore, Zener diode is preferably directly attached via the secondary side coil differential concatenation of transformer.Therefore, voltage for Subsequent conditioning circuit is restricted.
This solution can not be used to have efficient induction interface.Classical two pole of Zener can not be used Pipe, diode network and crowbar grades, this is because the parasitic capacitance of diode is too big in > 100pF.Therefore, interface Reactive current becomes too high, and operating point is demodulated.Due to reducing efficiency, resistors in parallel has also been excluded.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of essential safe type field devices with induction interface.
The purpose is realized via field device, which includes: at least one sensor element, this is at least One sensor element is for detecting at least one measured variable；Secondary coil, the secondary coil are used to send with primary coil --- especially it is worth derived from the measured variable --- with reception data and for receiving power from primary coil, wherein The secondary coil includes the first tie point and the second tie point；Second connected body, second connected body are designed to and first Junctor is complementary, wherein the second connected body includes secondary coil；And circuit unit, the circuit unit are disposed in secondary coil Downstream.The circuit unit includes: the first Zener diode, the second Zener diode and third Zener diode, wherein first is neat The anode of diode, the second Zener diode and third Zener diode received is connected to the second tie point of secondary coil；First Rectifier diode, the second rectifier diode and third rectifier diode, wherein the first rectifier diode, the second rectifier diode The first Zener diode, the second Zener diode and third Zener are connected to by differential concatenation respectively with third rectifier diode Diode is rectified using cathode each other, wherein the first rectifier diode, the second rectifier diode and third rectify two poles The anode of pipe is connected to the first tie point of secondary coil；4th Zener diode, the 5th Zener diode and the 6th Zener two Pole pipe, wherein the anode of the 4th Zener diode, the 5th Zener diode and the 6th Zener diode is connected to secondary coil First tie point；And the 4th rectifier diode, the 5th rectifier diode and the 6th rectifier diode, wherein the 4th rectification two Pole pipe, the 5th rectifier diode and the 6th rectifier diode are connected to differential concatenation the 4th Zener diode, the 5th together respectively It receives diode and the 6th Zener diode, is rectified each other using cathode, wherein the 4th rectifier diode, the 5th two poles of rectification The anode of pipe and the 6th rectifier diode is connected to the second tie point of secondary coil.
In one embodiment, compared with Zener diode, rectifier diode has lower depletion-layer capacitance.
In one embodiment, rectifier diode is designed to Schottky diode.In one embodiment, two poles are rectified Pipe is designed to SiC, GaAs or GaN.
The natural capacity of Zener diode generates undesirable influence in order to prevent, therefore rectifier diode is connected to The upstream of each Zener diode.The rectifier diode has low depletion-layer capacitance.For example, Schottky diode is to be suitable for this Purpose.The electric discharge of depletion-layer capacitance is prevented via the circuit modifications body.Therefore, parasitic crossover current is only by rectifier diode Relatively low depletion-layer capacitance be determined.
In one embodiment, between the cathode of the first Zener diode and the cathode of the first rectifier diode or Between the cathode of the second Zener diode and the cathode of the second rectifier diode or third Zener diode cathode and The first supply voltage is accessed between the cathode of third rectifier diode.
In one embodiment, between the cathode of the 4th Zener diode and the cathode of the 4th rectifier diode or Between the cathode of the 5th Zener diode and the cathode of the 5th rectifier diode or the 6th Zener diode cathode and Second source voltage is accessed between the cathode of 6th rectifier diode.
In one embodiment, at least one additional rectifier diode of the arranged downstream of circuit unit.
In one embodiment, field device includes at least one sensing of the measured variable for detection process automation Device element.
The purpose is further by including that the sensor device of foregoing connecting element and field device is achieved.
Detailed description of the invention
It will explain in further detail with reference to the following drawings:
Fig. 1 show it is a kind of it is symbolic summarize in sensor device.
Fig. 2 shows the circuit units of the sensor of sensor device.
Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of the circuit unit of the sensor of sensor device.
In the accompanying drawings, identical feature is identified with identical appended drawing reference.
Specific embodiment
Those figures show a kind of field devices for process automation.Field device is designed to sense Device will explain in further detail below.
Sensor device 10 includes sensor 1 and connecting element 11, be will be discussed first.Biography is described in Fig. 1 Sensor arrangement 10.Sensor 1 via interface 3 and higher level unit communication.In this example, transmitter 20 is connected.It should Transmitter is connected to control system (not shown) in turn.In one embodiment, sensor 1 via connecting element 11 directly with control System communication processed.Transmitter 20 is connected at sensor side is cable 31, and the other end of cable 31 includes complementary with interface 3 Interface 13.Connecting element 11 includes cable 31 and interface 13.With the being designed to electric current isolated interface of interface 3,13, especially It is inductive interface, they can be connected using mechanical plug formula and are connected to each other.The mechanical plug formula connection be it is hermetically sealed, Therefore it can be externally entering without the fluid of medium, air or the dust such as to be measured.
Interface 3,13 is designed to coil；Within the scope of application, these coils are referred to as primary coil 13 and secondary Coil 3.Within the scope of application, term " induction interface " and " coil " are comparably used.
Sensor 1 and connecting element 11 respectively include at least one circuit board, arrange electric component, example on circuit boards Such as data processing unit, μ CS and μ CA.Coil 3,13 electrically and is optionally also mechanically connected to circuit board respectively.
Data (two-way) and power (unidirectional, i.e., from connecting element 11 to sensor 1) it is passed via interface 3,13 It send or transmits.Sensor device 10 is mainly used in process automation.
Therefore, sensor 1 includes at least one sensor element 4 for detection process automation measured variable.For example, Sensor 1 is pH sensor, also referred to as ISFET --- being usually ion selectivity sensor --- for (according to such as wavelength Absorption in ultraviolet, infrared and/or visible-range electromagnetic wave in the medium) the measurement oxidation-reduction potential of oxygen, electricity Conductance, turbidity, nonmetallic materials concentration or temperature, and the correspondingly sensor of corresponding measured variable.
Sensor 1 includes connected body 2, which includes interface 3.As previously mentioned, interface 3 is designed to be used as root Second interface 13 is transferred to according to the value of measured variable.Sensor 1 includes the data processing unit μ CS of such as microcontroller, place The value of measured variable is managed, such as is converted into different data formats.In this way it is possible to pass through data processing unit μ CS completes equalization, pretreatment and number conversion.
Sensor 1 can be connected to connecting element 11 via interface 3,13, and be ultimately connected to superordinate elements 20.As before Described, superordinate elements 20 are, for example, transmitter or control centre.Data processing unit μ CS by according to the value of measured variable (that is, pass The measured signal of sensor component 4) it is converted into the intelligible agreement of transmitter or control centre.The example of this agreement includes Proprietary Memosens agreement or HART, wireless HART, Modbus, Profibus Fieldbus, WLAN, ZigBee, bluetooth Or RFID.This conversion can also execute in individual communication unit rather than in data processing unit, wherein communication unit Member is disposed on 11 side of sensor 1 or connecting element.Above-mentioned agreement further includes wireless protocols, so that corresponding communication unit Including wireless module.Therefore coil 3,13 is designed to be used as the two-way communication between sensor 1 and superordinate elements 20.As above Described, other than communication, coil 3,13 is also assured powers to sensor 1.
Connecting element 11 includes cylindrical connected body 12, and the connected body 12 of the cylinder is designed to and the first connected body 2 is complementary and can be inserted on the first connected body 2 using the end of cannula-like, wherein interface 13 is inserted into interface 3. Wherein opposite device of the interface 13 with sleeve-shaped design and the interface 3 with plug-like design is possible, no Has any creativeness.
Fig. 2 shows the circuit units 40 of the arranged downstream in secondary coil 3.Circuit unit 40 includes two pole of the first Zener Pipe Z1, the second Zener diode Z2 and third Zener diode Z3.Corresponding anode thus be connected to the second of secondary coil 3 Tie point 3.2.Circuit unit 40 further includes the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and third rectifier diode D3, wherein these rectifier diodes be connected to differential concatenation respectively the first Zener diode Z1, the second Zener diode Z2 and Third Zener diode Z3, therefore rectified separately from each other using cathode.First rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode The anode of D2 and third rectifier diode D3 are thus connected to the first tie point 3.1 of secondary coil 3.Circuit unit 40 further includes 4th Zener diode Z4, the 5th Zener diode Z5 and the 6th Zener diode Z6, wherein the anode connection of these diodes To the first tie point 3.1 of secondary coil 3.Circuit unit 40 further includes the 4th rectifier diode D4, the 5th rectifier diode D5 With the 6th rectifier diode D6, wherein these rectifier diodes are connected to differential concatenation the 4th Zener diode Z4, respectively Five Zener diode Z5 and the 6th Zener diode Z6, therefore rectified separately from each other using cathode.4th rectifier diode Therefore the anode of D4, the 5th rectifier diode D5 and the 6th rectifier diode D6 are connected to the second tie point of secondary coil 3 3.2。
Diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5 and diode D6 are designed to rectification two Pole pipe, and there is low depletion-layer capacitance.They are designed to Schottky diode.Thus avoid putting for depletion-layer capacitance Electricity.Therefore, compared with Zener diode, parasitic crossover current is only determined by the lower barrier-layer capacity of rectifier diode.
In Fig. 2, the first supply voltage V+ is accessed between diode D3 and Zener diode Z3.In addition, in diode Second source voltage V- is accessed between Z6 and Zener diode D6.These supply voltages V+, V- for sensor 1 for powering.
Fig. 3 shows the design substantially the same with Fig. 2.Unlike Fig. 2, in Fig. 3, supply voltage V+ or V- quilt Access is after diode D7 or diode D8.Diode D7 and diode D8 is used as rectifier diode, so that respectively only just partly Wave or negative half-wave are for powering.
Reference signs list
1 sensor
2 connected bodies
3 secondary coils
First tie point of 3.1 secondary coils 3
Second tie point of 3.2 secondary coils 3
4 sensor elements
10 sensor devices
11 connecting elements
12 connected bodies
13 primary coils
20 superordinate elements
31 cables
40 circuit units
D1 diode
D2 diode
D3 diode
D4 diode
D5 diode
D6 diode
D7 diode
D8 diode
Z1 Zener diode
Z2 Zener diode
Z3 Zener diode
Z4 Zener diode
Z5 Zener diode
Z6 Zener diode
The first supply voltage of V+
V- second source voltage
Intelligent cell in μ CA connecting element 11
Intelligent cell in μ CS sensor 1

Claims (8)

1. a kind of essential safe type field device (1) for process automation, comprising:
At least one sensor element (4), at least one described sensor element (4) are used to detect at least one measured variable,
Secondary coil (3), the secondary coil (3) are used to primary coil (13) send and receive data --- especially from The derived value of the measured variable --- and for receiving power from primary coil,
Wherein, the secondary coil (3) includes the first tie point (3.1) and the second tie point (3.2),
- the second connected body (2), second connected body (2) are designed to complementary with the first connected body (12), wherein described Two connected bodies (2) include the secondary coil (3), and
Circuit unit (40), the circuit unit (40) are disposed in the secondary coil (3) downstream, and the circuit unit is extremely Include: less
First Zener diode (Z1), the second Zener diode (Z2) and third Zener diode (Z3),
Wherein, first Zener diode (Z1), second Zener diode (Z2) and the third Zener diode (Z3) anode is connected to second tie point (3.2) of the secondary coil (3),
First rectifier diode (D1), the second rectifier diode (D2) and third rectifier diode (D3),
Wherein, first rectifier diode (D1), second rectifier diode (D2) and the third rectifier diode (D3) first Zener diode (Z1), second Zener diode (Z2) and described are connected to by differential concatenation respectively Third Zener diode (Z3), is rectified using cathode each other,
Wherein, first rectifier diode (D1), second rectifier diode (D2) and the third rectifier diode (D3) anode is connected to first tie point (3.1) of the secondary coil (3),
4th Zener diode (Z4), the 5th Zener diode (Z5) and the 6th Zener diode (Z6),
Wherein, the 4th Zener diode (Z4), the 5th Zener diode (Z5) and the 6th Zener diode (Z6) anode is connected to first tie point (3.1) of the secondary coil (3), and
4th rectifier diode (D4), the 5th rectifier diode (D5) and the 6th rectifier diode (D6),
Wherein, the 4th rectifier diode (D4), the 5th rectifier diode (D5) and the 6th rectifier diode (D6) it is connected to differential concatenation the 4th Zener diode (Z4), the 5th Zener diode (Z5) and described respectively Six Zener diodes (Z6), are rectified using cathode each other,
Wherein, the 4th rectifier diode (D4), the 5th rectifier diode (D5) and the 6th rectifier diode (D6) anode is connected to second tie point (3.2) of the secondary coil (3).
2. essential safe type field device (1) according to claim 1, wherein with the Zener diode (Z1-Z6) phase Than the rectifier diode (D1-D6) has lower depletion-layer capacitance.
3. essential safe type field device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the rectifier diode (D1-D6) is set It is calculated as Schottky diode.
4. essential safe type field device (1) according to one of preceding claims, wherein in the first Zener diode (Z1) between the cathode of cathode and first rectifier diode (D1), or in the yin of second Zener diode (Z2) Between pole and the cathode of second rectifier diode (D2) or in the cathode of the third Zener diode (Z3) and described The first supply voltage (V+) is accessed between the cathode of third rectifier diode (D3).
5. essential safe type field device (1) according to one of preceding claims, wherein in two pole of the 4th Zener It manages between the cathode of (Z4) and the cathode of the 4th rectifier diode (D4) or in the 5th Zener diode (Z5) Cathode and institute between cathode and the cathode of the 5th rectifier diode (D5) or in the 6th Zener diode (Z6) State access second source voltage (V-) between the cathode of the 6th rectifier diode (D6).
6. essential safe type field device (1) according to one of preceding claims, wherein in the circuit unit (40) Arranged downstream at least one additional rectifier diode (D7, D8).
7. the field device (1) of the essential safe type according to one of preceding claims, wherein the field device (1) At least one sensor element (4) including the measured variable automated for detection process.
8. a kind of sensor device (10) for process automation, including connecting element (11) and according to claim 1 in 7 At least one field device (1).
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