CN110360026B - Ethanol reforming system for improving dynamic performance of natural gas engine and control method - Google Patents
Ethanol reforming system for improving dynamic performance of natural gas engine and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110360026B CN110360026B CN201910589125.5A CN201910589125A CN110360026B CN 110360026 B CN110360026 B CN 110360026B CN 201910589125 A CN201910589125 A CN 201910589125A CN 110360026 B CN110360026 B CN 110360026B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0227—Means to treat or clean gaseous fuels or fuel systems, e.g. removal of tar, cracking, reforming or enriching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an ethanol reforming system and a control method for improving the dynamic performance of a natural gas engine, and the system comprises an LNG storage tank, an LNG vaporizer, a mixer, a turbocharger, an ethanol storage tank, an ethanol vaporizer and an ethanol reformer, wherein a gas compressor of the turbocharger is connected with the mixer through an intercooler, the LNG storage tank is connected with the LNG vaporizer through a liquid natural gas flow valve, the LNG vaporizer is connected with the mixer through a gaseous natural gas flow valve, the mixer is connected with a gas inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is connected with a turbine of the turbocharger, the exhaust pipe is connected with the ethanol reformer through an exhaust gas bypass pipe, a waste gas bypass valve is installed on the exhaust gas bypass pipe, the ethanol storage tank is connected with the ethanol vaporizer through the liquid ethanol flow valve, the ethanol vaporizer is connected with the ethanol reformer, the ethanol reformer is. The invention can effectively inhibit the knocking and fire phenomena of the natural gas engine and can efficiently burn under cold start, low load working condition and loading working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an engine and a control method, in particular to a natural gas engine and a control method.
Background
Natural gas is widely used in the engine industry because of its high heat generation, clean emission, abundant reserves and other characteristics. For a spark ignition natural gas engine, when the engine is operated at an air/fuel ratio close to the equivalence ratio, the mixture at the far end is liable to self-ignite before the flame reaches, and knocking is caused. Lean combustion (φ a >1) is generally used to suppress occurrence of knocking. However, when the natural gas engine is loaded, sufficient fresh air cannot be supplied in time to maintain lean combustion due to a delay in the reaction of the turbocharger. In order to keep the in-cylinder combustion process away from the knock limit, the loading step size must be reduced, resulting in poor dynamic performance of the spark-ignited natural gas engine.
A wastegate valve is one of the means to improve the dynamic performance of a natural gas engine and is typically located before the turbocharger. When the excess air coefficient is too large (high load or sudden load drop), the valve is opened or the opening degree of the valve is increased, so that part of waste gas is directly discharged to the outside without passing through the turbine, the rotating speed of the turbocharger is reduced, and the air intake quantity is reduced. Conversely, when the excess air ratio is too small (low load or sudden load increase), the air intake amount can be increased by closing the valve or reducing the valve opening. However, when the load suddenly changes too fast, the waste gate valve has a limited effect on improving the dynamic performance. In addition, in the opening stage of the waste gas bypass valve, high-temperature waste gas is directly discharged to the outside, and certain heat waste exists.
The incorporation of hydrogen in moderate amounts into natural gas is another way to improve the dynamic performance of natural gas engines. The patent (CN108625998A) discloses a natural gas-hydrogen dual-fuel engine jet control device, which utilizes the characteristic of fast combustion speed of hydrogen to accelerate the combustion process of natural gas, and realizes efficient and clean combustion while inhibiting detonation. However, since the hydrogen needs to be prepared and stored separately, the structure and the control process of the device system are complex, the storage and the transportation of the hydrogen are difficult, and the overall cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ethanol reforming system and a control method for improving the dynamic performance of a natural gas engine, which improve the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine and realize efficient and clean combustion.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention discloses an ethanol reforming system for improving the dynamic performance of a natural gas engine, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an LNG storage tank, an LNG vaporizer, a mixer, a turbocharger, an ethanol storage tank, an ethanol vaporizer and an ethanol reformer, wherein a gas compressor of the turbocharger is connected with the mixer through an intercooler, the LNG storage tank is connected with the LNG vaporizer through a liquid natural gas flow valve, the LNG vaporizer is connected with the mixer through a gaseous natural gas flow valve, the mixer is connected with a gas inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is connected with a turbine of the turbocharger, the exhaust pipe is connected with the ethanol reformer through an exhaust gas bypass pipe, a waste gas bypass valve is installed on the exhaust gas bypass pipe, the ethanol storage tank is connected with the ethanol vaporizer through the liquid natural gas flow valve, the ethanol vaporizer is connected with the ethanol reformer, the ethanol reformer is connected with the mixer.
The ethanol reforming system for improving the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine can further comprise:
1. the reforming pipeline is divided into a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected with a reforming gas flow valve after being converged, a first stop valve and a reforming gas buffer gas tank are installed on the first branch, and a second stop valve is installed on the second branch.
2. CuO/ZnO/Al is arranged in the ethanol reformer2O3A catalyst module.
The invention discloses an ethanol reforming control method for improving the dynamic performance of a natural gas engine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the natural gas engine runs under a high-load working condition, the waste gas bypass valve is opened, on the premise of meeting the energy requirement of the turbocharger, redundant high-temperature waste gas is led into the ethanol reformer, and CuO/ZnO/Al is heated2O3Catalyst module for promoting reforming reaction of ethanol steam to generate H-rich2And CO; when the reforming reaction in the ethanol reformer starts to be stably carried out, closing the second stop valve and opening the first stop valve, and introducing the ethanol reformed gas into a reformed gas buffer tank to be used as reserve fuel gas; when the reformed gas buffer gas tank is filled to 100%, the first stop valve is closed, the second stop valve is opened, the reformed gas is controlled by the flow valve of the reformed gas to enter the mixer, and the reformed gas is mixed with natural gas and air and enters the cylinder to participate in combustion.
The ethanol reforming control method for improving the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine can further comprise the following steps:
1. when the natural gas engine is in cold start, loading or running under a low-load working condition, the discharged waste gas cannot meet the energy requirement of the waste gas turbocharger, the waste gas bypass valve is closed, all the waste gas passing through the exhaust pipe is led to the turbocharger, the rotating speed of the turbocharger is improved, and the air supply quantity is increased; meanwhile, a reformed gas flow valve is opened, the reformed gas stored in the reformed gas buffer gas tank is led to a mixer, the combustion process of the main fuel is accelerated through the hydrogen-rich reformed gas, and the possibility of knocking is reduced.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. natural gas is used as main fuel, and hydrogen-rich mixed gas is generated by reforming ethanol to accelerate combustion, so that the knocking and fire catching phenomena of a spark ignition type natural gas engine can be effectively inhibited, and efficient and clean combustion is realized;
2. the ethanol steam is subjected to catalytic reaction in the ethanol reformer, and the reaction heat comes from waste gas discharged by the bypass valve under high load, so that the overall energy recovery utilization rate of the engine can be improved;
3. the buffer gas tank is arranged to store ethanol reformed gas, so that the natural gas can be efficiently combusted under the working conditions of cold start and low load and the loading working condition, and the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine can be effectively improved by matching with the waste gas bypass valve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1, the ethanol reforming system and the control method for improving the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine of the present invention include: the system comprises an LNG storage tank 1, a liquid natural gas flow valve 2, an LNG vaporizer 3, a gaseous natural gas flow valve 4, a mixer 5, an intercooler 6, a throttle valve 7, a turbocharger 8, a gaseous flow valve 9, an air inlet pipe 10, an air cylinder 11, an exhaust pipe 12, an ethanol storage tank 14, a liquid ethanol flow valve 13, an ethanol vaporizer 15, an ethanol reformer 16, a waste gate valve 17, a buffer tank 20 and the like.
A liquid flow valve 13 is arranged between the ethanol storage tank 14 and the ethanol vaporizer 15 to control the flow of the liquid ethanol entering the ethanol reformer 16.
The heat source of the ethanol reformer 16 is provided by the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder 11. When the natural gas engine operates in a high-load working condition, the waste gas bypass valve 17 is opened, and on the premise of meeting the energy requirement of the turbocharger 8, redundant high-temperature waste gas is introduced into the ethanol reformer 16. High temperature waste gas heatingHot CuO/ZnO/Al2O3Catalyst module to facilitate conversion of ethanol vapor to contain H2And CO.
From the ethanol reformer 16, containing H2And the mixed gas of the CO is communicated with the two pipelines. The inlets of the two pipelines are provided with stop valves, and one of the pipelines is also provided with a buffer gas tank 20. The buffer gas tank 20 is provided with a collecting and storing function. When the engine is in the working condition of cold start, low load or loading, the waste gas bypass valve 17 is closed, and the CuO/ZnO/Al in the ethanol reformer 16 is closed2O3The catalyst module loses heat source and cannot generate ethanol reforming reaction, and the buffer gas tank 20 can provide hydrogen-rich mixed gas to assist combustion under the working conditions.
A reformed gas flow valve 9 is provided between the buffer tank 20 and the mixer 5, and the flow rate of the reformed gas can be adjusted according to the change of the engine load.
The natural gas, air and hydrogen-rich reformed gas are sufficiently mixed in the mixer 5, and then enter the cylinder 11 through the intake pipe 10 and the intake valve to undergo a combustion reaction.
As shown in fig. 1, air enters a turbocharger 8 through a throttle valve 7, is cooled by an intercooler 6, and then enters a mixer 5. The liquefied natural gas is provided by a natural gas storage tank 1, is converted into gaseous natural gas through a vaporizer 3, is controlled in flow through a gaseous natural gas flow valve 4, enters a mixer 5, is uniformly mixed with air and reformed gas, and then enters an air cylinder 11 through an air inlet pipe 10 for combustion. The air-fuel equivalence ratio of the mixture entering the cylinder 11 is controlled to be about 1.5 through the throttle valve 7 and the gaseous natural gas flow valve 4, and lean combustion is guaranteed. Exhaust gas from combustion in the cylinders 11 is led via an exhaust line 12 to the turbocharger 8 for powering the supercharger. When the engine is operated under a high load condition, on the premise of meeting the energy requirement of the turbocharger 8, the redundant exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 12 is led to the waste gas bypass valve 17, and the CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst module in the ethanol reformer 16 is heated to be above 300 ℃. Liquid ethanol is supplied from an ethanol storage tank 14, the supply of which is controlled by a liquid ethanol flow valve 13. The liquid ethanol is vaporized into ethanol steam in the ethanol vaporizer 15, the ethanol steam enters the ethanol reformer 16, and hydrogen-rich reformed gas is generated under the action of the CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalytic module. The outlet of the ethanol reformer is communicated with two pipelines, the inlet of the ethanol reformer is respectively provided with a stop valve 18 and a stop valve 19, and a reformed gas buffer tank 20 is arranged behind the stop valve 19. The reformate flow valve 9 can adjust the flow of the hydrogen-rich reformate gas according to changes in engine load.
When the natural gas engine operates under a high-load working condition, the flow rate of exhaust gas is large, the temperature is high, the exhaust gas turbocharger 8 can provide enough air for the cylinder, and energy is surplus. And opening a waste gas bypass valve 17, introducing redundant high-temperature waste gas into the ethanol reformer 16 on the premise of meeting the energy requirement of the turbocharger 8, and promoting the ethanol steam to carry out reforming reaction by heating the CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst module to generate a mixed gas rich in H2 and CO. When the reforming reaction in the ethanol reformer 16 starts to proceed stably, the stop valve 18 is closed and the stop valve 19 is opened, and the reformed ethanol gas is introduced into the buffer tank 20 as the reserve gas. If the running time of the high-load working condition is long enough and the buffer gas tank 20 is filled to 100%, the stop valve 19 is closed, the stop valve 18 is opened, and the reformed gas is controlled to enter the mixer 5 through the reformed gas flow valve 9 to be mixed with natural gas and air and enter the cylinder 11 to participate in combustion, so that the combustion process is improved.
When the natural gas engine is in cold starting, loading or running under a low-load working condition, the discharged exhaust gas cannot meet the energy requirement of the exhaust gas turbocharger, the fuel mixture is over-rich due to insufficient air supply, and the possibility of knocking is increased. The waste gate valve 17 is closed, and all the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 12 is led to the turbocharger 8, and the rotation speed thereof is increased to increase the air supply amount. Meanwhile, the reformed gas flow valve 9 is opened, the reformed gas stored in the buffer gas tank 20 is led to the mixer 5, the combustion process of the main fuel (natural gas) is accelerated through the hydrogen-rich reformed gas, the possibility of detonation is reduced, and the natural gas can be efficiently combusted under different working conditions. Therefore, the waste gas bypass valve is combined with the ethanol reformed gas, so that the knocking phenomenon in the loading process can be greatly inhibited, and the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine is improved.
Claims (2)
1. Improve the ethanol reforming system of the dynamic performance of the natural gas engine, its characteristic is: the device comprises an LNG storage tank, an LNG vaporizer, a mixer, a turbocharger, an ethanol storage tank, an ethanol vaporizer and an ethanol reformer, wherein a compressor of the turbocharger is connected with the mixer through an intercooler, the LNG storage tank is connected with the LNG vaporizer through a liquid natural gas flow valve, the LNG vaporizer is connected with the mixer through a gaseous natural gas flow valve, the mixer is connected with an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is connected with a turbine of the turbocharger, the exhaust pipe is connected with the ethanol reformer through an exhaust gas bypass pipe, a waste gas bypass valve is installed on the exhaust gas bypass pipe, the ethanol storage tank is connected with the ethanol vaporizer through the liquid natural gas flow valve, the ethanol vaporizer is connected with the ethanol reformer, the ethanol reformer is connected with the mixer through;
the reforming pipeline is divided into a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected with a reforming gas flow valve after being converged, a first stop valve and a reforming gas buffer gas tank are installed on the first branch, and a second stop valve is installed on the second branch;
a CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst module is arranged in the ethanol reformer.
2. A method of controlling an ethanol reforming system to improve the dynamic performance of a natural gas engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the natural gas engine runs under a high-load working condition, a waste gas bypass valve is opened, on the premise of meeting the energy requirement of a turbocharger, redundant high-temperature waste gas is introduced into an ethanol reformer, and a CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst module is heated to promote the reforming reaction of ethanol steam to generate a mixed gas rich in H2 and CO; when the reforming reaction in the ethanol reformer starts to be stably carried out, closing the second stop valve and opening the first stop valve, and introducing the ethanol reformed gas into a reformed gas buffer tank to be used as reserve fuel gas; when the reformed gas buffer gas tank is filled to 100%, closing the first stop valve and opening the second stop valve, controlling the reformed gas to enter the mixer through the flow valve of the reformed gas, mixing the reformed gas with natural gas and air, and entering the cylinder to participate in combustion;
when the natural gas engine is in cold start, loading or running under a low-load working condition, the discharged waste gas cannot meet the energy requirement of the waste gas turbocharger, the waste gas bypass valve is closed, all the waste gas passing through the exhaust pipe is led to the turbocharger, the rotating speed of the turbocharger is improved, and the air supply quantity is increased; meanwhile, a reformed gas flow valve is opened, the reformed gas stored in the reformed gas buffer gas tank is led to a mixer, the combustion process of the main fuel is accelerated through the hydrogen-rich reformed gas, and the possibility of knocking is reduced.
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| CN110360026B true CN110360026B (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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| JP7151581B2 (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-10-12 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | engine system |
| CN114233526A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-03-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Ammonia reforming system and method for inhibiting natural gas engine knocking and misfiring |
| CN114352444B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-02-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Liquefied natural gas engine and reformer combined operation control system and method |
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| JP2009144626A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Control method for gas engine system and the system |
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| CN108590842A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of ethyl alcohol reforms the natural gas engine of auxiliary combustion online |
| CN208294639U (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of ethyl alcohol reforms the natural gas engine of auxiliary combustion online |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170159611A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | Transfuels LLC | Liquid natural gas storage tank pressure control system |
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| JP2009144626A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Control method for gas engine system and the system |
| CN104555923A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-04-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Vehicle-mounted hydrous ethanol low-temperature reforming hydrogen production method and device and application system |
| CN106762063A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 天津大学 | A kind of device and control method for improving lean NOx trap conversion efficiency |
| CN108590842A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of ethyl alcohol reforms the natural gas engine of auxiliary combustion online |
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