CN110350652A - 一种基于光伏发电的多机并联ups系统 - Google Patents

一种基于光伏发电的多机并联ups系统 Download PDF

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CN110350652A
CN110350652A CN201910634283.8A CN201910634283A CN110350652A CN 110350652 A CN110350652 A CN 110350652A CN 201910634283 A CN201910634283 A CN 201910634283A CN 110350652 A CN110350652 A CN 110350652A
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power generation
energy
parallel connection
system based
ups system
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颜景斌
赵耀
李瑞松
李森铎
刘思
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,所述一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统包括AC/DC整流器,储能电池单元,DC/AC逆变器,光伏组件,主开关和旁路开关。所述一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统能将太阳能转换为电能,实现清洁能源的充分利用,并通过拓展储能电池单元的接口,可以实现多台UPS并联,提高蓄电池组利用率,延长蓄电池组寿命,有效解决UPS不能扩展的问题。同时利用Swiss整流电路,将电源侧电流波形调制成正弦波,提高了功率因数,将谐波降低至10%左右,减少了谐波污染,使得电能质量明显改善。

Description

一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统
技术领域
本发明涉及供电技术领域,具体涉及一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统。
背景技术
USP即不间断电源,广泛应用于电力、电信、金融、制造等多个行业,主要给计算机网络系统、电力电子设备、通信设备等提供稳定、不间断的电力供应,在日常生活中,对于这些设备是不允许电力有间断的,UPS可以保证在停电之后继续工作一段时间,使用户不致停电而影响工作或丢失数据。
在今后相当长的一段时间内,我国市电电网供电不足,电压波动大,干扰严重的局面仍将存在,而各行业、各领域的快速发展对供电质量提出了越来越高的要求,尤其是实时性很强的重要系统、重要部门和重要的用电设备。现有USP技术存在能耗高、功率因数低、寿命短等问题,且其中的电力开关会产生大量谐波,这些谐波会引起电气组件附加损耗和发热,造成电气组件绝缘加速老化和使用寿命的降低,干扰设备的正常工作,从而使得电力系统整体供电效率低。
随着石油、煤炭等不可再生能源的不断消耗,能源危机已经日益凸显,发展新型能源是一条可行之路,太阳能作为资源丰富的可再生能源,而且太阳能发电过程简单,不需要消耗燃料,不排放温室气体在内的任何物质,无噪音、无污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述现有技术的不足,提供一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,以解决现有技术中能耗高、功率因数差、蓄电池利用率低的问题。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,包括AC/DC整流器,储能电池单元,DC/AC逆变器,光伏组件,主开关和旁路开关。
所述AC/DC整流器是一种将交流电转化为直流电的装置,包括电源侧隔离变压器、AC/DC整流电路、调制单元、DC/DC变换器和直流母线,其中所述电源侧隔离变压器、所述AC/DC整流电路、所述DC/DC变换电路、直流母线依次相连。
所述DC/AC逆变器是一种将直流电转化为交流电的装置,包括DC/AC逆变电路、调制单元、负荷侧隔离变压器和滤波器,其中所述DC/AC逆变电路、所述负荷侧隔离变压器、所述滤波器依此相连。
所述光伏组件包括太阳能电池板和光伏管理单元,所述太阳能电池板用来将光能转换为电能。
所述储能电池单元是UPS系统用来作为储存电能的装置,包括蓄电池组、电池外接拓展口和电池管理单元,主电源正常时所述蓄电池组吸收来自所述直流母线的电能,以化学能的形式储存起来,一旦主电源中断,所述蓄电池把储存的化学能转换为直流电能向直流母线供电,维持了负载供电的连续性。
所述主开关和旁路开关,包括双向可控开关和控制继电器的控制装置。
优选的所述储能电池单元使用大容量、大功率、成本低且可深度充放电、环保的铅酸免维护蓄电池。
优选的,所述储能电池单元中可以和多台UPS系统并联,实现了UPS在线并机扩容功能,能够充分利用蓄电池组,节约成本的同时还可以提高电池寿命。
优选的,所述UPS系统加入光伏组件,连接所述储能电池单元,所述储能电池单元可以由所述光伏组件进行充电,以充分利用太阳能。
优选的,所述AC/DC整流电路采用Swiss整流电路,该整流电路能够改善电源侧电流波形的同时还可以提高功率因数,所述Swiss整流电路调制采用高频PWM调制波形。
优选的,所述AC/DC整流电路接入隔离变压器,所述DC/AC逆变器接入隔离变压器,可以实现电能的输入与输出的安全隔离,确保电网的扰动不会对负载造成干扰。
优选的,所述主开关和旁路开关中继电器的控制装置应选择合适的继电器快速切换开关,以减少动作时间,防止出现掉电的问题,提高UPS系统的供电可靠性。
优选的,所述UPS系统适用电容量大或集中供电的场合。
本发明有以下有益效果:采用该技术方案后,所述一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统能将太阳能转换为电能,实现清洁能源的充分利用,并通过拓展储能电池单元的接口,可以实现多台UPS并联,提高蓄电池组利用率,延长蓄电池组寿命,有效解决UPS不能扩展的问题,同时利用Swiss整流电路,将电源侧电流波形调制成正弦波,提高了功率因数,将谐波降低至10%左右,减少了谐波污染,使得电能质量明显改善,具有重大的理论和现实意义。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统结构示意图。
图2为本发明提出的多台UPS并联示意图。
图3为本发明提出的Swiss整流电路图。
图4为本发明提出的Swiss整流电路调制算法原理图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,应当注意,在此所述的实施例仅为本发明的部分实施例,而非本发明的全部实现方式,所述实施例只有示例性。
本发明包括AC/DC整流器,储能电池单元,DC/AC逆变器,光伏组件,主开关和旁路开关。
参照图1,主电源的输出端连接主开关,在主电路工作正常时,旁路开关断开,主电源经过主开关连接AC/DC整流器的输入端,AC/DC整流器将交流电变成直流电,AC/DC整流器的输出端连接直流母线,直流母线连接DC/AC逆变器的输入端,DC/AC逆变器将直流电变成交流电,DC/AC逆变器的输出端直接连接负荷,可以输出交流电能给负载,同时直流母线连接储能电池单元的输入端,可以对储能电池单元进行充电;在负载出现过载时,主开关的控制下,主电源的输出端不经过AC/DC整流器,而是直接连接负荷的输入端,即主电源将交流电能直接供给负载;储能电池单元的输入端分别与直流母线、外接扩展口连接,可以接收直流母线、外接扩展口的电能;在主路电源故障时,UPS系统可以将储能电池单元储存的化学能变为直流电能,实现对负荷的继续供电,使负载维持正常工作并保护负载软、硬件不受损坏,提高可靠性;特殊的,光伏组件的输出端连接储能电池单元的输入端,可以对储能电池进行充电。
参照图2,所述UPS系统可以并联的多台UPS,每台UPS系统的主电源输出端连接AC/DC整流器的输入端,AC/DC整流器的输出端经过直流母线连接DC/AC逆变器的输入端,DC/AC逆变器的输出端直接连接负载,给负载提供电能;每台UPS的直流母线分别与储能电池单元连接,共用一个储能电池单元,能最大化利用储能电池组,扩充了UPS系统功能,增加了系统的可靠性;而且储能电池单元的输入端连接光伏组件的输出端,将光伏组件产生的电能转换为蓄电池组的化学能,实现清洁能源的充分利用。
进一步地,储能电池的工作全部是在浮充状态,在这种情况下至少应每年进行一次放电,以延长蓄电池组的使用寿命,降低UPS系统的后期维护成本。
进一步地,所述Swiss整流电路,其电路图如图3所示,其特点是在一个周期内的开关动作次数少,并且引入谐波注入技术,有效减少三次谐波污染。
进一步地,所述Swiss整流电路的控制算法采用高频PWM调制技术,调制算法原理如图4所示,由于器件的开通和关断状态可以控制,所以Swiss整流电路的电流波形是可控制的,这种电路的优点是可以得到与输入电压同相位的输入电流,也就是输入功率因数为1,输入电流的谐波含量可以接近为零。
进一步地,所述DC/AC逆变器中的滤波器采用LC型滤波器,滤除交流侧谐波电流,并对功率因数进行补偿,以提高电能质量。
进一步地,所述DC/AC逆变器采用双极性SVPWM控制算法调制该电压波形,以抑制电压波形畸变。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是所述技术方案的限制,所以本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,所有本领域普通技术人员在不脱离本发明宗旨和构思的前提下,及其它对本发明技术方案的简单替换和各种变化,都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,其特征在于,所述储能电池单元中可以和多台UPS系统并联,实现了UPS在线并机扩容功能,能够充分利用所述蓄电池组,节约成本的同时还可以提高电池寿命。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,其特征在于,所述UPS系统加入光伏组件,连接所述储能电池单元,所述储能电池单元可以由所述光伏组件进行充电,以充分利用太阳能。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,其特征在于,所述Swiss整流电路,其特点是在一个周期内的开关动作次数少,并且引入谐波注入技术,有效减少三次谐波污染。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,其特征在于,所述Swiss整流电路的控制算法采用高频PWM调制技术,由于器件的开通和关断状态可以控制,所以所述Swiss整流电路的电流波形是可控制的,这种电路的优点是可以得到与输入电压同相位的输入电流,也就是输入功率因数为1,输入电流的谐波含量可以接近为零。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于光伏发电的多机并联UPS系统,其特征在于,所述储能电池单元使用大容量、大功率、成本低且可深度充放电、环保的铅酸免维护蓄电池组。
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105515167A (zh) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-20 力博特公司 一种不间断电源ups装置及其供电方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105515167A (zh) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-20 力博特公司 一种不间断电源ups装置及其供电方法

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Application publication date: 20191018