CN110350590B - Photovoltaic inverter capacity optimization method combined with energy storage - Google Patents
Photovoltaic inverter capacity optimization method combined with energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacity optimization method of a photovoltaic inverter combined with energy storage, which is characterized in that a bypass energy storage device is added between a photovoltaic array and the inverter by utilizing the characteristic of peak clipping and valley filling of an energy storage system, and when the output of the photovoltaic array exceeds a certain value, the energy storage system is utilized to absorb the excessive energy of the photovoltaic array; when the output of the photovoltaic array is too low, a part of energy is released by the energy storage system to achieve the effect of stabilizing the output of the photovoltaic system. Meanwhile, the capacity optimization effect of the photovoltaic inverter in design after the energy storage system is added is considered, and the optimized energy storage capacity and the inverter design capacity are calculated by combining the cost of the energy storage system and the cost of the inverter. According to the invention, by utilizing the energy storage characteristic of the energy storage system, the problem of stabilizing the output fluctuation of a part of photovoltaic modules at the power generation side of the photovoltaic system is solved, the capacity of the inverter is optimized at the grid-connected side, the problems of large design capacity, poor system economy and the like of the current inverter are effectively solved, and the system economy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a capacity optimization method of a photovoltaic inverter combined with energy storage, and belongs to the field of application of power generation technology of photovoltaic systems.
Background
The exhaustion of fossil fuels and the environmental problems of the current society are increasingly prominent, the internal potential of renewable energy sources is greatly developed and utilized on the premise of economic sustainable development, and the main trend of solving the energy problems in the future is achieved. Among them, the development of the solar photovoltaic power generation technology is very rapid, and as the cost of the solar photovoltaic power generation is continuously reduced, the superiority of the solar photovoltaic power generation technology is gradually shown compared with other renewable energy sources.
In the practical application of a photovoltaic power generation system, the output power of the photovoltaic system is often different due to installation inclination angles, weather conditions, control modes and the like. Therefore, when the photovoltaic system is connected to the grid, the inverter needs to be used for surfing the grid, and when the inverter is selected, the characteristic of large fluctuation of the photovoltaic system needs to be considered, the influence of the capacity ratio on the design of the photovoltaic system needs to be considered, and the inverter design capacity is often too large.
In addition, in the application of the energy storage system, the current photovoltaic system mostly uses the energy storage system as a carrier, and the peak clipping and valley filling are performed on the output of the photovoltaic system on the grid-connected side according to the energy storage principle of the energy storage system. The method has the problems of large design capacity of an energy storage system, large inverter capacity requirement, poor system economy and the like, and is difficult to meet the requirements of higher and higher system reliability and economy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a photovoltaic inverter capacity optimization method combining energy storage, which exerts the lever principle of the photovoltaic inverter in power regulation and control on the power generation side through the energy storage principle of an energy storage system, performs peak clipping and valley filling on the output of the photovoltaic system, reduces the one-time investment cost of the inverter on the premise of not influencing the reliability of the system, and improves the overall economy of the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for optimizing capacity of a photovoltaic inverter in combination with energy storage comprises the following steps:
determining a annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the historical power generation condition of the photovoltaic power generation system;
calculating the capacity of an energy storage system and the rated power of a photovoltaic inverter according to the annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system;
establishing a photovoltaic system economic cost function according to the capacity of the energy storage system and the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter;
and optimally solving the economic cost function of the photovoltaic system to obtain the optimal capacity of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic inverter.
Further, annual historical power generation conditions of the photovoltaic power generation system in the installation place of nearly 10 years are obtained, power generation data of each year are accumulated point by point, an average value is obtained, and an annual output power curve of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the time sequence is obtained.
Further, the calculating the energy storage system capacity includes:
selecting a power threshold P0Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
to suppress the power proportionality coefficient, PmaxOutputting power for the photovoltaic power generation system for the maximum year;
calculating the capacity of an energy storage system according to the annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system, and stabilizing the photovoltaic output exceeding a power threshold value:
wherein, tiP appears in the ith section of the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic power generation systemi(t) is greater than P0Duration of the situation; pi(t) occurrence of P for the i-th segmenti(t) is greater than P0The output power of the photovoltaic system under the condition, n is the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic system, Pi(t) is greater than P0Total number of occurrences of the condition;
determining energy storage system capacity CNComprises the following steps:
CN＝max{C1,C2…Cn}。
further, the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter is as follows:
W*＝P0，
wherein, W*The rated power of the photovoltaic inverter.
Further, the
Is taken to be 0.7.
Further, the economic cost function of the photovoltaic system is as follows:
fc＝a1*CN+a2*W*
wherein f iscAs a function of the economic cost of the photovoltaic system, a1For the unit cost of the selected energy storage system, a2Unit cost of photovoltaic inverter for selected use, CNFor energy storage system capacity, W*The rated power of the photovoltaic inverter.
Further, the optimizing and solving the economic cost function of the photovoltaic system to obtain the optimal capacity of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic inverter includes:
solving the following formula by adopting a particle swarm algorithm:
obtained by iterative solution
The optimum value of (d);
calculating to obtain the optimal
P of (1)0The optimal capacity of the photovoltaic inverter is obtained;
calculating to obtain the optimal
C of (1)NNamely the optimal capacity of the energy storage system.
Further, the number of iterations is set to 2000.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention combines the energy storage system, stabilizes the output fluctuation of a part of the photovoltaic system on the power generation side, greatly reduces the energy storage capacity required by stabilization and improves the stabilization effect. On the grid-connected side, the design capacity of the inverter is optimized, the inverter capacity required by the photovoltaic system is reduced, and the economical efficiency of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the capacity of a photovoltaic inverter in combination with energy storage, comprising:
1) and acquiring a annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the historical power generation condition of the photovoltaic power generation system. According to the method, the annual historical power generation condition of the photovoltaic power generation system in the installation place of approximately 10 years is obtained, the annual power generation data are accumulated point by point, the average value is obtained, and the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the time sequence is obtained.
2) And calculating the capacity of the energy storage system based on the annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system.
A bypass energy storage system is added between the photovoltaic array and the inverter, and when the output of the photovoltaic array exceeds a certain value, the energy storage system is used for absorbing excessive energy of the photovoltaic array; when the output of the photovoltaic array is too low, a part of energy is released by the energy storage system to achieve the effect of stabilizing the output of the photovoltaic system.
The obtained annual output power condition of the photovoltaic system needs to be preprocessed before calculation: selecting a power threshold P0Dividing the photovoltaic output power condition into a part needing to be stabilized and a part not needing to be stabilized, and comparing the power value of the photovoltaic output power condition with the power value of more than P0The output of the photovoltaic system is stabilized.
According to the power threshold value, the condition of the output power of the photovoltaic system exceeding the power threshold value can be determined, the generated energy exceeding the power threshold value can be determined by integrating the output power of the photovoltaic system exceeding the power threshold value, and the energy storage system is required to absorb the part of electric quantity due to the fact that the part of the generated energy exceeds the threshold value, so that the capacity of the energy storage system is solved based on the method.
This excess energy can be contained by configuring the energy storage system with this capacity. That is, the photovoltaic system output is stabilized at P in this case0And the output stability of the system is improved, namely the system output is stabilized.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the power threshold value is selected in the following mode:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to stabilize the power proportionality coefficient, the optimal value of the power proportionality coefficient needs to be obtained through subsequent optimization, and the initial value is generally 0.7; pmaxObtaining the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic system obtained in the step 1) for the maximum annual output power of the photovoltaic system.
After the power threshold value is obtained, the capacity C of the energy storage system is solved by integrating the exceeded partial powerN：
CN＝max{C1,C2…Cn}
In the formula, tiP appears in the ith section of the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic power generation systemi(t) is greater than P0Duration of the situation; pi(t) occurrence of P for the i-th segmenti(t) is greater than P0The output power of the photovoltaic system under the condition, n is the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic system, Pi(t) is greater than P0Total number of occurrences of the condition.
3) Determining rated power required by the photovoltaic inverter based on the annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system:
W*＝P0
wherein, P0The power threshold value for the output stabilization of the photovoltaic system selected in the step 2).
4) Considering the cost of the energy storage system and the inverter, establishing an economic cost function of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic inverter, and calculating the economy of the photovoltaic system:
fc＝a1*CN+a2*W*
in the formula, a1The unit cost of the selected energy storage system device is related to the type of energy storage system selected; a is2The unit cost of the selected inverter, which is related to the manufacturer and the inverter power, is currently about 0.4 yuan/W.
5) And optimally solving and calculating the optimal capacity of the energy storage system and the design capacity of the photovoltaic inverter.
With fcTo optimize the function, CNAnd W*And the relation between the output of the photovoltaic system is a constraint condition, a particle swarm algorithm is selected to solve the cost function, and the expression form is as follows:
obtained by iterative solution
And (4) calculating to obtain the optimal capacity of the energy storage system and the optimal rated power of the inverter, namely the capacity of the inverter, according to the optimal value (the iteration number is set to 2000).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimizing capacity of a photovoltaic inverter in combination with energy storage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the historical power generation condition of the photovoltaic power generation system;
calculating the capacity of an energy storage system and the rated power of a photovoltaic inverter according to the annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system;
the calculating energy storage system capacity includes:
selecting a power threshold P0Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
to suppress the power proportionality coefficient, PmaxOutputting power for the photovoltaic power generation system for the maximum year;
calculating the capacity of an energy storage system according to the annual output power time sequence of the photovoltaic power generation system, and stabilizing the photovoltaic output exceeding a power threshold value:
wherein, tiP appears in the ith section of the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic power generation systemi(t) is greater than P0Duration of the situation; pi(t) occurrence of P for the i-th segmenti(t) is greater than P0Output power of the photovoltaic system in case of a situation, CiExceeds the power threshold value P for the ith section0N is P in the annual output power curve of the photovoltaic systemi(t) is greater than P0Total number of occurrences of the condition;
determining energy storage system capacity CNComprises the following steps:
CN＝max{C1,C2…Cn}；
the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter is as follows:
W*＝P0，
wherein, W*Rated power for the photovoltaic inverter;
establishing a photovoltaic system economic cost function according to the capacity of the energy storage system and the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter;
and optimally solving the economic cost function of the photovoltaic system to obtain the optimal capacity of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic inverter.
2. The method for optimizing the capacity of the photovoltaic inverter combined with the energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein annual historical power generation conditions of the photovoltaic power generation system in the installation place of the photovoltaic power generation system in the last 10 years are obtained, power generation data of each year are accumulated point by point, an average value is obtained, and an annual output power curve of the photovoltaic power generation system based on a time series is obtained.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic system economic cost function is:
fc＝a1*CN+a2*W*
wherein f iscAs a function of the economic cost of the photovoltaic system, a1For the unit cost of the selected energy storage system, a2Unit cost of photovoltaic inverter for selected use, CNFor energy storage system capacity, W*The rated power of the photovoltaic inverter.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the optimizing the economic cost function of the photovoltaic system to obtain the optimal capacity of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic inverter comprises:
solving the following formula by adopting a particle swarm algorithm:
obtained by iterative solution
The optimum value of (d);
calculating to obtain the optimal
P of (1)0The optimal capacity of the photovoltaic inverter is obtained;
calculating to obtain the optimal
C of (1)NNamely the optimal capacity of the energy storage system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises optimizing a capacity of the photovoltaic inverter with energy storage
Is taken to be 0.7.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the number of iterations is set to 2000.
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