CN110349685A - Suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment and its design method - Google Patents
Suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment and its design method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110349685A CN110349685A CN201910610415.3A CN201910610415A CN110349685A CN 110349685 A CN110349685 A CN 110349685A CN 201910610415 A CN201910610415 A CN 201910610415A CN 110349685 A CN110349685 A CN 110349685A
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- Prior art keywords
- water tank
- containment
- side wall
- cooling structure
- aperture
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C11/00—Shielding structurally associated with the reactor
- G21C11/02—Biological shielding ; Neutron or gamma shielding
- G21C11/04—Biological shielding ; Neutron or gamma shielding on waterborne craft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment and its design method, including containment, containment is internally provided with reactor pressure vessel, main pipeline, steam generator, voltage-stablizer and main pump, setting top water tank above containment, top water tank is for providing under large-break LOCA operating condition the refrigerating function of containment and as containment barrier water layer, the setting of containment bottom is for adjustment hull and has the function of the ballast water tank water of cooling containment bottom, containment two sides are arranged for cooling down safe shell side wall and as the side wall water tank of containment barrier water layer.The present invention can not only reduce the configuration of the attachmentes such as heat exchanger, filter, pipeline and valve, structure is simple, installation, maintenance is convenient, be conducive to the space layout of equipment on board, and it can not need to provide electric power continuous supply, it is thermally conductive for a long time in passive mode by water tank, save a large amount of power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine floating heap engineered safeguards features technical fields, are suitable for floating heap safety in particular to one kind
The passive cooling structure of shell and its design method.
Background technique
The development of marine floating heap is getting faster, but marine floating heap has many limits for land nuclear power station
Factor processed, such as space is limited, safe shell material selection, weight of equipment, draft, therefore, reasonably optimizing configuration is marine floating
The system design scheme of dynamic heap is particularly critical.The safety problem of marine floating heap is paid close attention to by everybody always, especially in large break
In the case of loss of-coolant accident (LOCA), a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure medium and radiating medium can be discharged into containment, and containment carries packet
Hold the effect of the radiating medium of these high temperature and pressure, it is therefore necessary to there is measure to carry out decrease temperature and pressure to containment, to ensure to pacify
The integrality of full shell.Based on the above issues, a series of researchs have been carried out to the Cooling Design method of floating heap containment, has adjusted first
The technical method for having ground land nuclear power station, the it is found that mode for land nuclear power station takes container spray to recycle more are cooled down,
The attachmentes such as two spray heat exchangers, filter and the pipeline, the valve that are connected are needed to configure at this time, it is ensured that the spray of recycling stage
The entrance of leaching pump cannot suck granular debris impurity and it is necessary to configure reliable source of power to spray pump, will increase system in this way
Complexity.Limited space aboard ship, if taking the containment cooling system design scheme of land nuclear power station, equipment arrangement and
Power demands will increase burden.
Based on these problems, consideration optimizes the containment Cooling Design of floating heap, the limited, liquid for space on ship
The more environmental requirement in cabin proposes a kind of new to be suitable for floating heap containment passive cooling system design scheme.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve deficiencies existing for above-mentioned background technique, and the one kind proposed is suitable for floating heap
The passive cooling structure of containment and its design method, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, it is suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, including peace designed by the present invention
Full shell, is characterized in that, the containment is internally provided with reactor pressure vessel, main pipeline, steam generator, pressure stabilizing
Device and main pump, containment top setting top water tank, the top water tank is for providing under large-break LOCA operating condition
The refrigerating function of containment and as containment barrier water layer, the containment bottom setting is for adjustment hull and has
The ballast water tank water of the function of cooling containment bottom, the containment two sides are arranged for cooling down safe shell side wall and as safety
The side wall water tank of shell shielding water layer.
Further, the main pipeline is for connecting reactor pressure vessel, steam generator, voltage-stablizer and main pump, structure
At closed loop, while the component part as primary Ioops system pressure boundary, it participates in constituting and contains radioactive substance
One of safety curtain.
Further, top water tank upper surface is evenly arranged with top water tank aperture, the top water tank aperture
For exporting heat of the water in the water tank of top by wall surface heating evaporation at the top of containment.
Further, side wall water tank upper surface is evenly arranged with side wall water tank aperture, the side wall water tank aperture
For exporting heat of the water in side wall water tank by safe shell side wall heating evaporation.
Further, the top water tank, side wall water tank are connected to ballast tank by runner, the side wall water tank with
Water tank water charging system has an interface, and is provided with moisturizing gate valve and is isolated, and moisturizing gate valve is used for top water tank and side wall
After the water-filling of water tank and ballast tank, it is isolated with the hydrospace around containment in closing.
Further, the aperture of the top water tank aperture is 1.0~1.5m, and spacing is 1.2~1.8m.
Further, the aperture of the side wall water tank aperture is 0.5~0.75m, and spacing is 0.6~0.9m.
Further, content gauge is provided in the side wall water tank, the content gauge is for measuring top water tank and side
The SEA LEVEL VARIATION of wall water tank, is provided with thermometer in the top water tank, the thermometer be used to measure at the top of water in water tank
Temperature change.
The present invention also propose it is a kind of based on the above-mentioned design method suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment,
It is characterized in that: the size of the containment are as follows: length a, width b are highly c, and described a, b, c are natural number, unit
Size for rice, the top water tank (6) meets: length a, width 1.5b are highly 0.25c, the ballast tank (7)
Size meet: length a, width 1.5b are highly 0.25c, and the size of the side wall water tank (9) meets: length is
0.25a, width 1.5b are highly 1.5c.
Preferably, the radius of the top water tank aperture is 0.1a, length 0.16a；The half of the side wall water tank aperture
Diameter is 0.0625a, length 0.25a.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention may be summarized as follows:
1, the present invention uses passive containment Cooling Design method, takes full advantage of the function of hull liquid tank, both did
The function of shielding for having arrived containment, but also as the function that post incident containment cools down for a long time, which will be suitable for
The design of floating heap containment cooling system.
2, this invention simplifies the configuration of system, it is attached to reduce heat exchanger, filter and the pipeline being connected, valve etc.
Part alleviates hull weight, is conducive to the space configuration of equipment on board, reduces the control of the active equipment such as pump and valve, has
A possibility that effect reduces human error, simplifies the design of measurement and control system.
3, the present invention does not need to reduce power consumption to active equipment continued power, be conducive to it is energy saving, even if
In the case where losing power supply, it can still play the role of safeguard protection.
4, the configuration of the present invention is simple and it is compact, system equipment and measuring instrumentss simplify, easy for installation, save space, are applicable in
In the limited cabin condition of floating heap space.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view that the present invention is suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment.
Fig. 2 is the top view that the present invention is suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment.
Corresponding title is respectively numbered in figure are as follows: 1- containment, 2- reactor pressure vessel, 3- main pipeline, 4- steam generation
Device, 5- voltage-stablizer, the top 6- water tank, 7- ballast tank, 8- main pump, 9- side wall water tank, 10- moisturizing gate valve, the top 11- water tank are opened
Hole, the aperture of 12- side wall water tank, 13- content gauge, 14- thermometer.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is more clearly understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to this
Invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention provide it is a kind of be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment,
1 inner space of containment is disposed with reactor pressure vessel 2, main pipeline 3, steam generator 4, voltage-stablizer 5, main pump
8, wherein reactor pressure vessel 2, steam generator 4, voltage-stablizer 5 and main pump 8 are connected by main pipeline 3, form one
Enclosed dual-loop system.Reactor pressure vessel 2 guarantees that coolant pressure force boundary is complete for containing reactor core assembly
It is whole, prevent radioactive substance to be discharged into containment.Main pipeline 3 is for connecting reactor pressure vessel 2, steam generator 4, steady
Depressor 5 and main pump 8, constitute closed loop, while the component part as primary Ioops system pressure boundary, and participation constitutes packet
Hold one of safety curtain of radioactive substance.Steam generator 4 is used to take away the heat of reactor core generation, constitutes primary Ioops
Pressure boundary prevents radioactive substance from leaking to containment and secondary coolant circuit system.Voltage-stablizer 5 is for stablizing reactor coolant system
The pressure of system.Main pump 8 guarantees circulating for reactor coolant for providing the drive ram of reactor coolant.Safety
Shell 1 uses steel safety shell structure, the high temperature and pressure radiation for containing reactor and when accident occurs for primary Ioops system generates
Property substance, and the impact of missile can be resisted.Top water tank 6 is provided at the top of containment, top water tank 6 is for providing large break
Under loss of-coolant accident (LOCA) operating condition the refrigerating function of containment and double as containment barrier water layer.The upper surface row of water tank 6 at the top of containment
The circular hole 11 of 5 × 7 distributions is shown, top water tank aperture 11 is used to export the water in the water tank 6 of top by 1 top wall surface of containment
The heat of heating evaporation.1 bottom of containment is provided with ballast tank 7, and ballast tank 7 is for adjustment hull and has cooling
The function of 1 bottom of containment.1 side of containment is provided with side wall water tank 9, side wall water tank 9 for cool down 1 side wall of containment and
As containment barrier water layer, and provide water tank water-filling interface tube.And evenly distributed there are 7 circular holes in the upper surface of side wall water tank 9
12, side wall water tank aperture 12 is used to export heat of the water by containment side wall heating evaporation in side wall water tank 9.Side wall water
Case 9 and water tank water charging system have an interface, and are provided with moisturizing gate valve 10 and are isolated, and moisturizing gate valve 10 is used for top water
After the water-filling of case 6 and side wall water tank 9 and ballast tank 7, it is isolated with the hydrospace around containment 1 in closing.Side wall water tank 9
It is inside additionally provided with content gauge 13, content gauge 13 is used to measure the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of top water tank 6 and side wall water tank 9.The top of containment 1
Thermometer 14 is provided in portion's water tank 6, thermometer 14 is used to measure the coolant-temperature gage variation in the water tank 6 of top.Wherein containment top
Portion's water tank 6, side wall water tank 9 and ballast tank 7 are in connected state by small-bore runner.Whole system after completion of installation,
It is filled with enough water into containment top water tank 6, ballast tank 7, side wall water tank 9 first, closes moisturizing gate valve 10.Measurement with
Control system monitors the reading of content gauge 13 and thermometer 14, and whole system is in stand-by state.When large break occurs for reactor
After loss of-coolant accident (LOCA), since the high temperature and pressure radiating medium in reactor pressure vessel is promptly released into containment 1, containment
The temperature and pressure of 1 inner space sharply increases, and a series of engineered safety systems put into operation at this time, 1 steel wall surface of containment
Very big heat can be generated due to internal high temperature, since the heating conduction of steel structure is good, be generated inside containment 1
Most of heat can be transferred at the top of containment in water tank 6, side wall water tank 9 and ballast tank 7 by containment wall surface, top water
The coolant-temperature gage stored in case 6 and side wall water tank 9 will rise rapidly, generated if temperature is sufficiently high, or even can generate bubble
Bubble then passes through top water tank aperture 11 and side wall water tank aperture 11 is taken out of, can be supervised in real time by content gauge 13 and thermometer 14
Top water tank 6 and liquid level and state of temperature in side wall water tank 9 are surveyed, to judge the state of cooling of containment.When the liquid in water tank
Position and temperature keep stablizing, and when no longer persistently increasing, the refrigerating function of containment may be implemented.
The present invention also proposes a kind of design method suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, passes through Fluent
Software carries out Modeling Calculation to above system, designs the cooling structure suitable for floating heap containment.Containment 1 uses steel
Containment, its own considers that hull maximum swing angle is 22.5 °, i.e., waves 22.5 ° in hull with certain capacity of heat transmission
When, it can guarantee that the water of all water tanks is unlikely to spill.Assuming that containment length is a, width b, it is highly c, a, b, c are equal
For natural number, unit is rice, then the total length of external water tank is 1.5a, overall width 1.5b, total height 1.5c.Containment top
The length of portion's water tank 6 is a, width 1.5b, is highly 0.25c, and the length of ballast tank 7 is a, and width 1.5b is highly
The length of 0.25c, side wall water tank 9 are 0.25a, width 1.5b, are highly 1.5c.Top water tank aperture 11 is arranged in 5 × 7,
Its radius is 0.1a, and length 0.16a, side wall water tank aperture 12 is in 1 × 7 arrangement, and radius 0.0625a, length is
0.25a.Calculated result shows that under accident conditions, the heat inside containment can be smooth by the water tank structure designed above
Export, has reached the purpose of cooling containment.
The present invention needs to arrange foot in containment peripheral region for the environmental requirement that space is limited, liquid tank is more on ship
Enough shielded layers, to reduce the dose level of radiation of containment exterior domain.The liquid tank around containment is utilized in these shielded layers,
The water being sufficiently loaded in liquid tank while these water are as function of shielding, also has good refrigerating function.Floating heap safety
The steel safety shell that shell uses, heating conduction are better than land nuclear power plant concrete containment.It therefore, can be by safety
The liquid tank of containment is surrounded in the setting of shell perimeter, and enough water is stored in liquid tank, when large break dehydration occurs for reactor
In the case where accident, the temperature of containment is sharply increased, post incident can be by the thermally conductive of containment wall surface, by containment
Internal heat is passed to by containment wall surface in the water tank of containment perimeter, then is led to heat by the water in water tank
The row of exhausting-gas hole of water tank is crossed to exterior space, to realize the process that containment cools down for a long time.Based on above-mentioned phenomenon, using one kind
Design method suitable for the passive cooling of floating heap containment can not only reduce heat exchanger, filter, pipeline and valve etc.
The configuration of attachment, structure is simple, installation, maintenance is convenient, is conducive to the space layout of equipment on board, and can not need to provide
Electric power continuous supply, it is thermally conductive for a long time in passive mode by water tank, save a large amount of power consumption.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, including containment (1), it is characterised in that: the safety
Shell (1) is internally provided with reactor pressure vessel (2), main pipeline (3), steam generator (4), voltage-stablizer (5) and main pump (8),
Setting top water tank (6) above the containment (1), the top water tank (6) is for providing under large-break LOCA operating condition
The refrigerating function of containment and as containment barrier water layer, containment (1) the bottom setting for adjustment hull and
Has the function of the ballast water tank water (7) of cooling containment bottom, containment (1) two sides are arranged for cooling down safe shell side wall
And the side wall water tank (9) as containment barrier water layer.
2. according to claim 1 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the supervisor
Road (3) constitutes closed ring for connecting reactor pressure vessel (2), steam generator (4), voltage-stablizer (5) and main pump (8)
Road, while the component part as primary Ioops system pressure boundary participate in constituting one of protective screen for containing radioactive substance
Barrier.
3. according to claim 1 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the top
Water tank (6) upper surface is evenly arranged with top water tank aperture (11), and the top water tank aperture (11) is for exporting top water tank
(6) heat of the water by wall surface heating evaporation at the top of containment in.
4. according to claim 1 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the side wall
Water tank (9) upper surface is evenly arranged with side wall water tank aperture (12), and the side wall water tank aperture (12) is for exporting side wall water tank
(9) heat of the water by safe shell side wall heating evaporation in.
5. according to claim 1 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the top
Water tank (6), side wall water tank (9) are connected to ballast tank (7) by runner, and the side wall water tank (9) has with water tank water charging system
One interface, and be provided with moisturizing gate valve (10) and be isolated, moisturizing gate valve (10) is used for top water tank (6) and side wall water tank
(9) and after the water-filling of ballast tank (7), closing is isolated it with the hydrospace around containment (1).
6. according to claim 3 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the top
The aperture of water tank aperture (11) is 1.0~1.5m, and spacing is 1.2~1.8m.
7. according to claim 4 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the side wall
The aperture of water tank aperture (12) is 0.5~0.75m, and spacing is 0.6~0.9m.
8. according to claim 1 be suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, it is characterised in that: the side wall
It being provided with content gauge (13) in water tank (9), the content gauge (13) is used to measure the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of top water tank and side wall water tank,
It is provided with thermometer (14) in the top water tank (6), the thermometer (14) is used to measure the coolant-temperature gage in top water tank (6)
Variation.
9. it is a kind of according to claim 1~any one of 8 described in be suitable for setting for the floating heap passive cooling structure of containment
Meter method, it is characterised in that: the size of the containment (1) are as follows: length a, width b, are highly c, and described a, b, c are
Natural number, unit are rice, and the size of the top water tank (6) meets: length a, width 1.5b are highly 0.25c, described
The size of ballast tank (7) meets: length a, width 1.5b are highly 0.25c, and the size of the side wall water tank (9) is full
Foot: length 0.25a, width 1.5b are highly 1.5c.
10. the design method according to claim 9 suitable for the passive cooling structure of floating heap containment, feature exist
In: the radius of the top water tank aperture (11) is 0.1a, length 0.16a；The radius of the side wall water tank aperture (12) is
0.0625a, length 0.25a.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910610415.3A CN110349685B (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Passive cooling structure suitable for floating reactor containment and design method thereof |
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| CN201910610415.3A CN110349685B (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Passive cooling structure suitable for floating reactor containment and design method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112489824A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-12 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Reactor cabin shielding device for compactly arranging small reactors |
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