CN110349261B - Method for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS, comprising the following steps: acquiring a point element data object set to be processed, extracting feature data of the point element data object set to be processed, obtaining thermodynamic diagram position coordinates according to the feature data, obtaining two-dimensional thermodynamic gray-scale image parameters according to the aspect ratio of the maximum value and the minimum value of the position coordinates and obtaining two-dimensional thermodynamic gray-scale image parameters according to the aspect ratio; determining an attribute value threshold of thermal analysis of the point elements, generating a two-dimensional thermal gray map, and generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic map; and generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic picture, binding the view field of the point element data object set to be processed, and generating a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram according to the view field. According to the GIS-based three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram generation method, the dynamic threshold control capability is added, and the problem of poor display effect caused by large data difference is solved. The method solves the problems that the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is simple to realize, the display range can not be self-adapted, and the thermodynamic distribution can not be automatically adjusted according to the visual field.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of point element data object set manufacturing, in particular to a method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS.
Background
With the rapid development of big data, the data visualization technology is also rapidly developed. As a characteristic that a large amount of geospatial information is bound in big data and the thermodynamic diagram displays the data in a special highlight form is taken as an intuitive visual method, the method has good characteristics of comprehensively displaying the spatial characteristics and the attribute characteristics of the data, and can help researchers in various fields to acquire geospatial knowledge, so that the method is popular. And the display demands of users on space information are also increasing.
The traditional thermodynamic diagrams are two-dimensional thermodynamic diagrams, the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagrams only use different filling colors to distinguish different thermodynamic densities, the different thermodynamic densities can only be used for fuzzy display of the thermodynamic densities through different thermodynamic densities represented by different colors, color contrast between different positions is not obvious, the display effect of the thermodynamic diagrams is not visual enough, and the contrast effect is big. The existing thermodynamic diagram implementation mode is relatively simple, mainly aiming at a two-dimensional map solution, and a complete three-dimensional GIS implementation method is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The application discloses a method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS, comprising the following steps:
acquiring a point element data object set to be processed, wherein the point element data object set to be processed comprises a plurality of point elements;
extracting characteristic data of the point element data object set to be processed, obtaining position coordinates of a thermodynamic diagram of the point element data object set to be processed according to the characteristic data, obtaining an aspect ratio example of a two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the maximum value of the position coordinates and the minimum value of the position coordinates, and obtaining picture parameters of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the aspect ratio example; wherein the characteristic data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of the point element and an attribute value of thermal analysis of the point element;
determining a threshold value for a property value of a thermal analysis of the point element: when the maximum value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point elements is larger than the average value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point elements, the threshold range is 0-1;
generating a two-dimensional thermal gray scale map, generating a blank picture according to the picture parameters, and generating the two-dimensional thermal gray scale map according to the colors of the positions of the element points: creating a buffer zone according to the element points, wherein the buffer zone is filled with progressive gray scale zones, and gray scale values are gradually reduced from inside to outside;
generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, mapping colors according to the overlapped gray values, re-coloring the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray diagram, and generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram;
generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic picture, presetting a three-dimensional figure, wherein the three-dimensional figure comprises a three-dimensional map or a three-dimensional building model, and attaching the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram to the three-dimensional figure to generate the three-dimensional thermodynamic picture;
and acquiring a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, binding the view field of the point element data object set to be processed, and generating the dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram according to the view field.
Preferably, the picture parameters include a length and a width of the two-dimensional thermal gray scale map.
Preferably, the position coordinates of the thermodynamic diagram of the to-be-processed point element data object set are obtained according to the feature data, further, the position coordinates comprise a plurality of point element coordinates, and the point element coordinates x and y are obtained according to the following method:
wherein x is the abscissa of the point element, y is the ordinate of the point element, x min Is the minimum value of the abscissa of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, x max Is the maximum value of the abscissa of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, y min Is the minimum value of the ordinate of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, y max Is the maximum value of the ordinate of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, w is the width of the point element data object set to be processed, and h is the length of the point element data object set to be processed.
Preferably, the length h of the point element data object set to be processed is obtained according to the following method:
h＝a×w，
wherein a is the length-width ratio of the point element data object set to be processed, and the width w of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale image is the resolution of a display for displaying the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale image.
Preferably, the maximum value of the thermodynamic data of the point element is obtained according to the following method:
p max ＝α×p 1max ，
wherein p is max Is the maximum value of the thermodynamic data of the point element, alpha is the threshold value, p 1max Is the maximum value of the attribute value of the thermal analysis of the point element.
Preferably, the gray value is obtained according to the following method:
Q＝p/p max ×255，
wherein Q is a gray value, p is a thermal analysis attribute value of the dot element, p max Is the thermodynamic data maximum for the point element.
Preferably, the point elements include point elements within a current field of view or point elements within a global field of view.
Compared with the prior art, the method for generating the three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on the GIS provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the GIS-based three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram generation method, the dynamic threshold control capability is added, and the problem of poor display effect caused by large data difference is solved.
2. The method for generating the three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on the GIS solves the problems that the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is simple to realize, the display range cannot be self-adapted, and the thermodynamic distribution cannot be automatically adjusted according to the visual field.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments described are merely some, but not all embodiments of the invention and are merely illustrative in nature and in no way serve as any limitation to the invention, its application, or uses. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS according to the present invention; the method comprises the following steps:
step 101, acquiring a point element data object set to be processed, wherein the point element data object set to be processed comprises a plurality of point elements; the point element data object set to be processed is composed of a plurality of single elements.
Step 102, extracting characteristic data of a point element data object set to be processed, obtaining position coordinates of a thermodynamic diagram of the point element data object set to be processed according to the characteristic data, obtaining an aspect ratio example of a two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the maximum value of the position coordinates and the minimum value of the position coordinates, and obtaining picture parameters of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the aspect ratio example; wherein the characteristic data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of the point element and an attribute value of thermal analysis of the point element;
step 103, determining an attribute value threshold of the thermal analysis of the point element: when the maximum value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point element is far greater than the average value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point element, the threshold range is 0-1;
step 104, generating a two-dimensional thermal gray scale map, generating a blank picture according to picture parameters, and generating the two-dimensional thermal gray scale map according to the colors of the positions of the element points: creating a buffer zone according to the element points, wherein the buffer zone is filled with progressive gray bands, and gray values are gradually reduced from inside to outside; mapping colors according to the superimposed gray values, and generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale map;
and 105, generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, mapping colors according to the overlapped gray values, re-coloring the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray diagram, and generating the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram. And determining the color of each dot element according to the gray value of each dot element, mapping the colors from a color band with 256 colors by taking the overlapped gray value as an index, and recolouring the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray map so as to realize the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram.
Step 106, generating a three-dimensional thermal image, presetting a three-dimensional image which comprises a three-dimensional map or a three-dimensional building model, and attaching a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram to the three-dimensional image to generate the three-dimensional thermal image; when the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is attached to a three-dimensional figure, which is a three-dimensional building model, the three-dimensional building further includes a three-dimensional map of the location where the three-dimensional building is located.
And 107, acquiring a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, binding the view field of the point element data object set to be processed, and generating the dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram according to the view field. And when the field of view of the point element data object set to be processed changes, repeating the process until the field of view does not change, and generating a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram.
When the field of view of the point element data object set to be processed changes, repeating the steps 103 to 106 until the field of view does not change to generate a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram.
According to the GIS-based three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram generation method, the dynamic threshold control capability is added, and the problem of poor display effect caused by large data difference is solved. The method solves the problems that the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is simple to realize, the display range can not be self-adapted, and the thermodynamic distribution can not be automatically adjusted according to the visual field.
Example 2:
in yet another embodiment, the present application provides a method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS, the method comprising:
step 201, acquiring a point element data object set to be processed, wherein the point element data object set to be processed comprises a plurality of point elements; the point element data object set to be processed is composed of a plurality of single elements. The point elements include point elements within the current field of view or point elements within the global field of view.
Step 202, extracting characteristic data of a point element data object set to be processed, obtaining position coordinates of a thermodynamic diagram of the point element data object set to be processed according to the characteristic data, obtaining an aspect ratio example of a two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to a maximum value of the position coordinates and a minimum value of the position coordinates, and obtaining picture parameters of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the aspect ratio example; the picture parameters include the length and width of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale. Wherein the characteristic data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of the point element and an attribute value of thermal analysis of the point element;
in step 202, a position coordinate of a thermodynamic diagram of the object set of the point element data to be processed is obtained according to the feature data, further, the position coordinate includes a plurality of point element coordinates, and the point element coordinates x and y are obtained according to the following method:
wherein x is the abscissa of the point element, y is the ordinate of the point element, and x min Is the minimum value of the abscissa of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, x max Is the maximum value of the abscissa coordinates of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, y min Is the minimum value of the ordinate of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, y max Is the maximum value of the ordinate of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, w is the width of the point element data object set to be processed, and h is the length of the point element data object set to be processed.
In step 202, the length h of the point element data object set to be processed is obtained according to the following method:
h＝a×w，
where a is the aspect ratio of the point element data object set to be processed, and the width w of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale map is the resolution of the display displaying the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale map.
Step 203, determining an attribute value threshold of the thermal analysis of the point element: when the maximum value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point element is far greater than the average value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point element, the threshold range is 0-1;
in step 203, the maximum value of the thermodynamic data of the point element is obtained according to the following method:
p max ＝α×p 1max ，
wherein p is max The maximum value of thermodynamic data, alpha being the threshold, p, which is the point element 1max Is the maximum value of the attribute value of the thermal analysis of the point element.
Step 204, generating a two-dimensional thermal gray scale map, generating a blank picture according to picture parameters, and generating the two-dimensional thermal gray scale map according to the colors of the positions of the element points: creating a buffer zone according to the element points, wherein the buffer zone is filled with progressive gray bands, and gray values are gradually reduced from inside to outside; mapping colors according to the superimposed gray values, and generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale map;
in step 204, the gray value is obtained according to the following method:
Q＝p/p max ×255，
where Q is the gray value, p is the property value of the thermal analysis of the dot element, p max Is the thermodynamic data maximum for the point element.
And 205, generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, mapping colors according to the overlapped gray values, and re-coloring the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray diagram to generate the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram. And determining the color of each dot element according to the gray value of each dot element, mapping the colors from a color band with 256 colors by taking the overlapped gray value as an index, and recolouring the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray map so as to realize the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram.
Step 206, generating a three-dimensional thermal image, presetting a three-dimensional image, wherein the three-dimensional image comprises a three-dimensional map or a three-dimensional building model, and attaching a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram to the three-dimensional image to generate the three-dimensional thermal image; when the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is attached to a three-dimensional figure, which is a three-dimensional building model, the three-dimensional building further includes a three-dimensional map of the location where the three-dimensional building is located.
Step 207, acquiring a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, binding the view field of the point element data object set to be processed, and generating the dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram according to the view field. And when the field of view of the point element data object set to be processed changes, repeating the process until the field of view does not change, and generating a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram.
When the field of view of the point element data object set to be processed changes, repeating the steps 203 to 206 until the field of view does not change to generate a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram.
According to the GIS-based three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram generation method, the dynamic threshold control capability is added, and the problem of poor display effect caused by large data difference is solved. The method solves the problems that the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is simple to realize, the display range can not be self-adapted, and the thermodynamic distribution can not be automatically adjusted according to the visual field.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS according to the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
step 301, data arrangement.
There are two modes of thermodynamic diagram display, one is global and the other is current field of view. The global mode is that all element data participate in operation and display; the current view mode is only the operation and display of the elements in the current view.
Firstly, reading point elements with longitude and latitude coordinates (lon, lat) to be displayed and a required thermal analysis attribute value p, and counting the maximum and minimum values of longitude and latitude of target data (global or in-view data) (namely, obtaining the current visual range, the maximum value (x) max ，y max ) Minimum value (x min ，y min )). And determining the aspect ratio of the thermodynamic diagram rectangular picture according to the maximum and minimum values of the longitude and the latitude.
The picture parameters (length and width) to be generated are then set according to the aspect ratio. For example, the aspect ratio is a, and the picture width is set to w (typically, the screen resolution is taken as 1080), and the corresponding length of the other side is h=a×w.
And finally, calculating the corresponding pixel point position (x, y) of each point element on the picture according to the corresponding proportion of the longitude and latitude to the picture. Taking the location of China as an example, the calculation formula is as follows:
step 302, calculating a threshold value.
In order to realize better user experience, the invention adds the threshold calculation and modification functions in thermodynamic diagram realization, so that the display form of the thermodynamic diagram is richer, and the influence of discrete data on thermodynamic analysis is reduced.
According to the point element data set, statistics is carried out on target data, the target data comprises global target data or target data in a visual field, the maximum value and the average number of the attribute values p needing thermal analysis are generated, when the maximum value is far greater than the average number, a reference threshold alpha between 0 and 1 is proportionally generated, and meanwhile, an interface with the maximum reference threshold for modification is provided, so that the user can conveniently define the interface, and the maximum value p of the thermal data is calculated max Equal to the current data maximum times the reference threshold α.
And step 303, generating a picture.
And generating a blank picture according to the picture parameters in the first step, and then calculating the color of the position of the element point on the picture to generate a thermal picture. The method comprises the following steps:
setting a radius for the discrete points, and creating a buffer zone;
for each discrete point buffer zone, progressive gray scale bands (the complete gray scale band is 0-255) are used to fill from shallow to deep, and the current gray scale value is the current point element value p divided by the local point element maximum value p max Multiplying by 255;
since the gray values can be superimposed, the larger the gray value, the brighter the color, and the whiter appears in the gray band. In practice, any channel in the ARGB model can be selected as a superimposed gray value, so that gray values can be superimposed for a region with buffer area intersections, and therefore the more buffer areas intersect, the larger the gray value, the more "hot" the region;
with the superimposed gray values as an index, colors are mapped from a color band of 256 colors (e.g., iridescence), and the image is recoloured, thereby realizing a hotspot graph.
Step 304, picture uploading.
And generating a rectangle filling the current area according to the area where the target is located in the area including the global area or the visual field, and filling the generated thermal picture on the rectangle as texture. To enrich the presentation of the three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, rectangular areas may be provided for either a floor or building presentation. Wherein the ground is displayed on the three-dimensional earth sphere; the building is pasted with the ground and the building, and the place with the building is judged to be pasted on the surface of the building according to the actual situation, and the place without the building is pasted with the ground.
Step 305, dynamic generation.
Binding the camera view change, wherein the view change is based on the monitored mouse wheel event and the mouse dragging event, and executing steps 302 to 304 again after the view change. The complete dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is completed.
According to the GIS-based three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram generation method, the dynamic threshold control capability is added, and the problem of poor display effect caused by large data difference is solved. The method solves the problems that the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is simple to realize, the display range can not be self-adapted, and the thermodynamic distribution can not be automatically adjusted according to the visual field.
According to the embodiments, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. according to the GIS-based three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram generation method, the dynamic threshold control capability is added, and the problem of poor display effect caused by large data difference is solved.
2. The method for generating the three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on the GIS solves the problems that the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is simple to realize, the display range cannot be self-adapted, and the thermodynamic distribution cannot be automatically adjusted according to the visual field.
While certain specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example in the drawings and examples above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the techniques described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a point element data object set to be processed, wherein the point element data object set to be processed comprises a plurality of point elements;
extracting characteristic data of the point element data object set to be processed, obtaining position coordinates of a thermodynamic diagram of the point element data object set to be processed according to the characteristic data, obtaining an aspect ratio example of a two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the maximum value of the position coordinates and the minimum value of the position coordinates, and obtaining picture parameters of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale according to the aspect ratio example; wherein the characteristic data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of the point element and an attribute value of thermal analysis of the point element;
determining a threshold value for a property value of a thermal analysis of the point element: when the maximum value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point elements is larger than the average value of the attribute values of the thermal analysis of the point elements, the threshold range is 0-1;
the maximum value of the thermodynamic data of the point element is obtained according to the following method:
p max =α×p 1max ，
wherein p is max The maximum value of thermodynamic data, alpha being the threshold, p, which is the point element 1max The maximum value of the attribute value of the thermal analysis of the point element;
generating a two-dimensional thermal gray scale map, generating a blank picture according to the picture parameters, and generating the two-dimensional thermal gray scale map according to the colors of the positions of the element points: creating a buffer zone according to the element points, wherein the buffer zone is filled with progressive gray scale zones, and gray scale values are gradually reduced from inside to outside; determining the current gray value of each point element according to the attribute value of the thermal analysis of the point element and the thermal data maximum value of the point element;
generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, mapping colors according to the overlapped gray values, re-coloring the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray diagram, and generating a two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram;
generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic picture, presetting a three-dimensional figure, wherein the three-dimensional figure comprises a three-dimensional map or a three-dimensional building model, and attaching the two-dimensional thermodynamic diagram to the three-dimensional figure to generate the three-dimensional thermodynamic picture;
and acquiring a dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram, binding the view field of the point element data object set to be processed, and generating the dynamic three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram according to the view field.
2. The method of generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS of claim 1, wherein the picture parameters include a length and a width of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale map.
3. The method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS according to claim 1, wherein the position coordinates of the thermodynamic diagram of the set of point element data objects to be processed are obtained from the feature data, further wherein the position coordinates include a plurality of point element coordinates, and wherein the point element coordinates x and y are obtained according to the following method:
where x is the abscissa of the point element, y is the ordinate of the point element,
is the minimum value of the abscissa of a plurality of the point elements in the point element data object set to be processed,/->
Is the maximum value of the abscissa of a plurality of the point elements in the point element data object set to be processed,/>
Is the minimum value of the ordinate of a plurality of the point elements in the point element data object set to be processed,/->
Is the maximum value of the ordinate of a plurality of point elements in the point element data object set to be processed, w is the width of the point element data object set to be processed, h is the length of the point element data object set to be processed, and (lon, lat) is the longitude and latitude coordinates of the point elements. />
4. A method of generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS according to claim 3, wherein the length h of the set of point element data objects to be processed is obtained according to the following method:
wherein a is the length-width ratio of the point element data object set to be processed, and the width w1 of the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale image is the resolution of a display for displaying the two-dimensional thermodynamic gray scale image.
5. The method for generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS according to claim 1, wherein the current gray value of each point element is obtained according to the following method:
where Q is the current gray value of each dot element, p is the attribute value of the thermal analysis of the dot element, p max Is the thermodynamic data maximum for the point element.
6. The method of generating a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram based on GIS of claim 1, wherein the point elements comprise point elements within a current field of view or point elements within a global field of view.
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