CN110348082B - Design method of toe-in control arm - Google Patents

Design method of toe-in control arm Download PDF

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CN110348082B
CN110348082B CN201910561018.1A CN201910561018A CN110348082B CN 110348082 B CN110348082 B CN 110348082B CN 201910561018 A CN201910561018 A CN 201910561018A CN 110348082 B CN110348082 B CN 110348082B
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toe
control arm
performance
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parameters
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CN110348082A (en
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马廷涛
石海鑫
金科
李继川
李耀
吕巍
韩超
徐卉
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FAW Group Corp
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/15Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/04Ageing analysis or optimisation against ageing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/06Power analysis or power optimisation

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a design method of a toe-in control arm. The method comprises the following steps: analyzing the performance of the reference front toe control arm to obtain performance constraint parameters; determining a design space of an extrusion section of a toe-in control arm to be designed, and carrying out topological optimization on the extrusion section based on performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section; performing three-dimensional expansion along the thickness direction of the extrusion section to obtain an initial plate toe-in control arm; optimizing the appearance and the size of the toe-in control arm of the initial edition based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a toe-in control arm of a second edition; carrying out process analysis on the second version of toe-in control arm, and continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second version of toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third version of toe-in control arm; and performing performance analysis on the third version of the toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, and if the performance parameters are qualified, determining the third version of the toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm. The weight reduction of the toe-in control arm can be effectively realized.

Description

Design method of toe-in control arm
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of automobile design, in particular to a design method of a toe-in control arm.
Background
The toe-in control arm is one of the force transmission components of the automobile chassis suspension system, and is mainly used for transmitting the moment between the auxiliary frame and the steering knuckle and changing the toe-in angle of the wheels. The design requirement of the toe-in control arm is simple structure, good reliability and certain strength.
The extruded profile toe-in control arm is finally formed by the procedures of aluminum alloy extrusion, cutting, machining and the like, and has the advantages of light weight, low cost, simple process, low die cost, high production efficiency and the like compared with a steel pipe welding or aluminum alloy casting/forging process.
The existing design method of the toe-in control arm is to perform structure and material distribution reference on the original toe-in control arm according to design experience and performance requirements on the basis of the original control arm of a standard vehicle or a platform vehicle, and obtain parts meeting the design requirements through repeated finite element calculation or experimental verification and modification, and the existing design method has the following defects:
1. if the toe-in control arm of the standard car or the platform car is not designed reasonably, the subsequent design of the toe-in control arm which is newly designed is not designed reasonably, the design requirement or the design redundancy is not met, and the time and the labor are wasted;
2. at present, the mainstream control arm lightweight optimization method mostly adopts topology optimization, the method is single, only one framework outline exists, the structure is not fine enough, and the control on the appearance, the size and the material thickness is not accurate;
3. except for performance and structure, the extrusion process factors are not considered in the design process of the extrusion profile toe-in control arm, and although some structure optimization software can consider the die opening directions of stamping and forging, the size change and the stress change caused by the extrusion process cannot be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a design method of a toe-in control arm, which can effectively realize the light weight of the toe-in control arm, and meanwhile, reduces the design period and cost of the toe-in control arm, and has the advantages of general method and strong operability.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a toe-in control arm, where the method includes:
analyzing the performance of the reference front toe control arm to obtain performance constraint parameters; wherein the performance constraint parameters include: a steady state performance parameter, a fatigue performance parameter, and a modal performance parameter;
determining a design space of an extrusion section of a toe-in control arm to be designed, and carrying out topological optimization on the extrusion section based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section;
performing three-dimensional expansion along the thickness direction of the extrusion section to obtain an initial plate toe-in control arm;
optimizing the appearance size of the toe-in control arm of the initial edition based on the performance constraint parameter to obtain a toe-in control arm of a second edition;
carrying out process analysis on the second version of toe-in control arm, and continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second version of toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third version of toe-in control arm;
and performing performance analysis on the third version of toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, and if the performance parameters are qualified, determining the third version of toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm.
Further, the performance of the reference toe-in control arm is analyzed to obtain performance constraint parameters, and the performance constraint parameters comprise:
acquiring static load and dynamic load at a connecting point of a reference vehicle toe-in control arm;
establishing a finite element model of a reference vehicle toe-in control arm, and inputting the static load and the dynamic load into the finite element model to obtain a steady-state performance parameter and a fatigue performance parameter;
and carrying out modal analysis based on the finite element model to obtain modal performance parameters.
Further, acquiring static load and dynamic load at a connection point of the reference toe-in control arm, comprising:
establishing a multi-body dynamic model according to road spectrum test data of a reference vehicle;
and calculating the tire grounding force of the reference vehicle under a set working condition, inputting the tire grounding force into the multi-body dynamic model, and obtaining the static load and the dynamic load at the connecting point of the toe-in control arm of the reference vehicle.
Further, establishing a finite element model of the reference toe-in control arm, including:
carrying out meshing on a simulation geometric model of a reference vehicle toe-in control arm, wherein the connection between a spherical hinge and a bushing in the simulation geometric model is simulated by a rigid connection unit;
and setting material parameters for the simulated geometric model to obtain a finite element model.
Further, determining a design space of an extrusion section of the toe-in control arm to be designed, and performing topological optimization on the extrusion section based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section, including:
determining a design space of an extrusion section according to the maximum contour of the toe-in control arm to be designed;
and carrying out topology optimization in a design space based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain an optimized material distribution form.
Further, optimizing the external dimension of the initial version toe-in control arm based on the performance constraint parameter to obtain a second version toe-in control arm, including:
performing smoothing treatment on the curved surface and the fillet of the initial plate toe-in control arm;
and adjusting the size of the smoothed initial version toe-in control arm based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a second version toe-in control arm, wherein the size comprises the wall thickness, the fillet radius and the size of an internal skeleton.
Further, performing process analysis on the second version toe-in control arm, and continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second version toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third version toe-in control arm, including:
carrying out process analysis on the second version toe-in control arm according to a set flow to obtain a stress and deformation analysis result;
and carrying out structural adjustment on the toe-in control arm of the second version according to the stress and deformation analysis result to obtain a toe-in control arm of the third version.
Further, performing performance analysis on the third version toe-in control arm to obtain a performance parameter, and if the performance parameter is qualified, determining the third version toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm, including:
performing finite element performance analysis on the toe-in control arm of the third edition to obtain performance parameters;
comparing the performance parameters with the performance constraint parameters to determine whether the third version of toe-in control arm is qualified;
and if the front beam control arm is qualified, determining the front beam control arm of the third version as a target front beam control arm.
Further, after determining the third version of the toe-in control arm as the target toe-in control arm, the method further includes:
performing post-processing on the target toe-in control arm according to the product requirement; wherein the product requirements include chamfer, tolerance, roughness, specification, and related standards.
According to the design method of the toe-in control arm provided by the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the performance of the reference toe-in control arm is analyzed to obtain performance constraint parameters; and then determining a design space of an extrusion section of the toe-in control arm to be designed, performing topological optimization on the extrusion section based on performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section, performing three-dimensional expansion along the thickness direction of the extrusion section to obtain an initial toe-in control arm, then optimizing the appearance size of the initial toe-in control arm based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a second toe-in control arm, performing process analysis on the second toe-in control arm, continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third toe-in control arm, and finally performing performance analysis on the third toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, and if the performance parameters are qualified, determining the third toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm. The method can effectively realize the light weight of the toe-in control arm, simultaneously reduce the design period and cost of the toe-in control arm, is universal and has strong operability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing a toe-in control arm according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of obtaining performance constraint parameters according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary optimization of the toe-control arm according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing a toe-in control arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a case of designing a toe-in control arm of a vehicle, and as shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
and 110, analyzing the performance of the reference front toe control arm to obtain performance constraint parameters.
Wherein the performance constraint parameters include: a steady state performance parameter, a fatigue performance parameter, and a modal performance parameter. The steady-state performance parameters can comprise performance parameters such as rigidity and strength of the toe-in control arm; the fatigue performance parameters can comprise fatigue life and fatigue damage values at each point of the toe control arm; the modal performance parameters may include the mode shape and natural frequency of the first 6 th order elastomer mode of the toe-in control arm. The reference cart may be a benchmarking cart or a flatbed cart. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of acquiring a performance constraint parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, the process of analyzing the performance of the reference toe-in control arm to obtain the performance constraint parameter may be: acquiring static load and dynamic load at a connecting point of a reference vehicle toe-in control arm; establishing a finite element model of a reference toe-in control arm, and inputting static load and dynamic load into the finite element model to obtain steady-state performance parameters and fatigue performance parameters; and carrying out modal analysis based on the finite element model to obtain modal performance parameters.
The manner of obtaining the static load and the dynamic load at the connecting point of the reference toe-in-vehicle control arm may be: establishing a multi-body dynamic model according to road spectrum test data of a reference vehicle; and calculating the tire grounding force of the reference vehicle under a set working condition, inputting the tire grounding force into the multi-body dynamic model, and obtaining the static load and the dynamic load at the connecting point of the toe-in control arm of the reference vehicle.
The road spectrum test data may be 12-channel random road load spectrum data of the reference vehicle. The set working conditions comprise: vertical working condition, turning working condition, backing brake, maximum acceleration, forward hand brake, backing hand brake working condition, road test and the like. Specifically, suspension performance parameters are obtained according to road spectrum test data of a reference vehicle, a multi-body dynamic model is established by using Adams software, and then tire grounding force under each set working condition is input into the multi-body dynamic model to obtain static load and dynamic load at the connecting point of a control arm of a front beam of the reference vehicle.
The method for establishing the finite element model of the reference toe-in-vehicle control arm can be as follows: performing mesh division on a geometric model of the reference vehicle toe-in control arm, wherein the connection between a spherical hinge and a bushing in the geometric model is simulated by a rigid connection unit; and setting material parameters for the geometric model to obtain a finite element model.
The material parameters include density, modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, and the like.
In this embodiment, the static load is input to the finite element model of the reference toe-in control arm as a loading condition to perform a steady-state linear analysis, so as to obtain steady-state performance parameters such as stiffness and strength of the reference toe-in control arm. Optionally, a buckling analysis may be performed to obtain buckling performance parameters of the reference toe-in-vehicle control arm. And inputting the dynamic load as a loading condition into a finite element model of the reference toe-in control arm for fatigue analysis, and obtaining the fatigue life and the fatigue damage value of each point of the reference toe-in control arm. And performing free mode analysis based on the finite element model of the reference toe-in control arm to obtain the mode shape and the natural frequency of the front 6-order elastomer mode of the reference toe-in control arm.
And 120, determining a design space of the extrusion section of the toe-in control arm to be designed, and performing topological optimization on the extrusion section based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section.
In this embodiment, the toe-in control arm is manufactured by an extrusion process, and the extrusion process is performed by equal-thickness extrusion based on a set cross section, so that a design space of the extrusion cross section of the toe-in control arm to be designed needs to be determined, and the design space is established by a maximum profile.
Specifically, the design space of the extrusion section is determined according to the maximum profile of the toe-in control arm to be designed, and then the distribution proportion of the material on the extrusion section is gradually reduced based on the performance constraint parameters, so that the optimized material distribution form is obtained.
In this embodiment, the distribution ratio of the material is adjusted in the other areas except for the bush and the spherical hinge area in the extrusion cross section, and the performance constraint parameter is used as the limiting condition for adjustment. Namely, on the premise of ensuring that the performance parameter of the toe-in control arm to be designed is not lower than the performance constraint parameter, the material consumption of the toe-in control arm is minimum.
And step 130, performing three-dimensional expansion along the thickness direction of the extrusion section to obtain an initial plate toe-in control arm.
In this embodiment, after the three-dimensional expansion, a three-dimensional geometric model of the toe-in control arm to be designed may be obtained and determined as an initial version toe-in control arm.
And 140, optimizing the appearance size of the toe-in control arm in the initial edition based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a toe-in control arm in the second edition.
Specifically, firstly, the curved surface and the fillet of the toe-in control arm of the initial version are subjected to smoothing treatment, then the size of the toe-in control arm of the initial version after smoothing treatment is adjusted based on performance constraint parameters, and a toe-in control arm of a second version is obtained, wherein the size comprises the wall thickness, the radius of the fillet and the size of an internal skeleton.
In this embodiment, Catia software may be used to smooth curved surfaces and rounded corners. And adjusting the thickness of the extruded wall, the radius of a fillet and the size of an internal skeleton by taking the performance constraint parameters as limiting conditions, so that the toe-in control arm has the lightest weight. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary optimization of the toe-in control arm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
And 150, performing process analysis on the second version of toe-in control arm, and continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second version of toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third version of toe-in control arm.
Specifically, process analysis is carried out on the toe-in control arm of the second edition according to a set flow to obtain a stress and deformation analysis result; and carrying out structural adjustment on the toe-in control arm of the second version according to the stress and deformation analysis result to obtain a toe-in control arm of a third version.
The setting process comprises the steps of model positioning, working band extraction, bar stock creation, material selection, process parameters, calculation execution and the like. And obtaining a stress and deformation analysis result, and performing structure adjustment and optimization on parts with larger stress and deformation, so that the stress and deformation are improved, and the manufacturability is ensured.
And 160, performing performance analysis on the third version of toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, and if the performance parameters are qualified, determining the third version of toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm.
Specifically, finite element performance analysis is carried out on the third version of toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, the performance parameters are compared with the performance constraint parameters to determine whether the third version of toe-in control arm is qualified, and if the third version of toe-in control arm is qualified, the third version of toe-in control arm is determined as the target toe-in control arm.
Optionally, after determining the third version of the toe-in control arm as the target toe-in control arm, the method further includes the following steps: performing post-processing on the target toe-in control arm according to the product requirement; wherein the product requirements include chamfer, tolerance, roughness, technical requirements, and related standards. The designed toe-in control arm can better meet the product requirements.
According to the design method of the toe-in control arm provided by the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the performance of the reference toe-in control arm is analyzed to obtain performance constraint parameters; and then determining a design space of an extrusion section of the toe-in control arm to be designed, performing topological optimization on the extrusion section based on performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section, performing three-dimensional expansion along the thickness direction of the extrusion section to obtain an initial toe-in control arm, then optimizing the appearance size of the initial toe-in control arm based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a second toe-in control arm, performing process analysis on the second toe-in control arm, continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third toe-in control arm, and finally performing performance analysis on the third toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, and if the performance parameters are qualified, determining the third toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm. The method can effectively realize the light weight of the toe-in control arm, simultaneously reduce the design period and cost of the toe-in control arm, is universal and has strong operability.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method for designing a toe-in control arm, comprising:
analyzing the performance of the reference front toe control arm to obtain performance constraint parameters; wherein the performance constraint parameters include: a steady state performance parameter, a fatigue performance parameter, and a modal performance parameter;
determining a design space of an extrusion section of the toe-in control arm to be designed, and carrying out topological optimization on the extrusion section based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a material distribution form of the extrusion section;
performing three-dimensional expansion along the thickness direction of the extrusion section to obtain an initial plate toe-in control arm;
optimizing the appearance and the size of the toe-in control arm of the initial edition based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a toe-in control arm of a second edition;
carrying out process analysis on the second version of toe-in control arm, and continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the second version of toe-in control arm according to the analysis result to obtain a third version of toe-in control arm;
performing performance analysis on the third version of toe-in control arm to obtain performance parameters, and if the performance parameters are qualified, determining the third version of toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm;
the method comprises the following steps of determining a design space of an extrusion section of a toe-in control arm to be designed, carrying out topological optimization on the extrusion section based on the performance constraint parameters, and obtaining a material distribution form of the extrusion section, wherein the design space comprises:
determining a design space of an extrusion section according to the maximum contour of the toe-in control arm to be designed;
performing topology optimization in a design space based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain an optimized material distribution form;
the process analysis of the second version of toe-in control arm is carried out, the structural parameters of the second version of toe-in control arm are continuously adjusted according to the analysis result, and a third version of toe-in control arm is obtained, and the process analysis comprises the following steps:
carrying out process analysis on the second version toe-in control arm according to a set flow to obtain a stress and deformation analysis result;
and carrying out structural adjustment on the toe-in control arm of the second version according to the stress and deformation analysis result to obtain a toe-in control arm of the third version.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the performance of the reference toe control arm to obtain performance constraint parameters comprises:
acquiring static load and dynamic load at a connecting point of a reference vehicle toe-in control arm;
establishing a finite element model of a reference vehicle toe-in control arm, and inputting the static load and the dynamic load into the finite element model to obtain a steady-state performance parameter and a fatigue performance parameter;
and carrying out modal analysis based on the finite element model to obtain modal performance parameters.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein obtaining the static and dynamic loads at the reference toe control arm connection point comprises:
establishing a multi-body dynamic model according to road spectrum test data of a reference vehicle;
and calculating the tire grounding force of the reference vehicle under a set working condition, inputting the tire grounding force into the multi-body dynamic model, and obtaining the static load and the dynamic load at the connecting point of the toe-in control arm of the reference vehicle.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein establishing a finite element model of the reference toe control arm comprises:
performing mesh division on a geometric model of a reference toe-in-vehicle control arm, wherein the connection between a spherical hinge and a bushing in the geometric model is simulated by a rigid connection unit;
and setting material parameters for the simulated geometric model to obtain a finite element model.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein optimizing the apparent size of the first-version toe-in control arm based on the performance constraint parameter to obtain a second-version toe-in control arm comprises:
performing smoothing treatment on the curved surface and the fillet of the initial plate toe-in control arm;
and adjusting the size of the smoothed initial version toe-in control arm based on the performance constraint parameters to obtain a second version toe-in control arm, wherein the size comprises the wall thickness, the radius of a fillet and the size of an internal skeleton.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a performance analysis on the third version of the toe-in control arm to obtain a performance parameter, and if the performance parameter is qualified, determining the third version of the toe-in control arm as a target toe-in control arm comprises:
performing finite element performance analysis on the toe-in control arm of the third edition to obtain performance parameters;
comparing the performance parameters with the performance constraint parameters to determine whether the third version of toe-in control arm is qualified;
and if the target toe-in control arm is qualified, determining the third version of toe-in control arm as the target toe-in control arm.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after determining a third version of the toe control arm as the target toe control arm:
performing post-processing on the target toe-in control arm according to the product requirement; wherein the mounting requirements include chamfer, tolerance, roughness, specification, and related standards.
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