CN110344961B

CN110344961B - Cooling water jacket, control method thereof and engine structure

Info

Publication number: CN110344961B
Application number: CN201810299607.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邬文睿; 郭凯; 赵前进; 陈明; 张小矛
Original assignee: SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
Current assignee: SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-04
Filing date: 2018-04-04
Publication date: 2022-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-04
Also published as: CN110344961A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling water jacket of an engine and a control method thereof, wherein the cooling water jacket comprises a cylinder body water jacket and a cylinder cover water jacket, wherein a first cavity and a second cavity which are mutually isolated are arranged in the cylinder body water jacket, and the first cavity is communicated with the cylinder cover water jacket and is used for cooling a cylinder cover of the engine; the switch device is used for controlling the second cavity to be opened or closed, and when the switch device is opened, the first cavity and the second cavity are both in a working state; when the switch device is turned off, the first cavity is in a working state, and the second cavity stops working. According to the invention, the structure of the cooling water cavity in the cylinder water jacket is improved and the switching device is arranged, so that the cooling water jacket can be quickly warmed up when the engine is in cold start, and has a good cooling effect under the running working condition of the engine, so that the engine has good performance under two working conditions. Meanwhile, the cooling water jacket has the advantage of saving space. In addition, the invention also discloses an engine structure.

Description

Cooling water jacket, control method thereof and engine structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a cooling water jacket, a control method thereof and an engine structure.

Background

The cylinder cover and the cylinder body of the engine need to maintain normal working temperature by means of heat exchange of cooling water in the water jacket inside the cylinder cover and the cylinder body of the engine. At present, a common engine water jacket is a cavity and a pipeline which are cast by sand cores, and the volume of the common engine water jacket is generally fixed.

Under the working condition of high-power operation of the engine, the water jacket of the engine needs to contain a large amount of cooling water to ensure the cooling capacity, namely the volume of the water jacket of the engine required under the working condition is large; when the engine is in a cold start working condition, the warming-up rate needs to be improved as much as possible so as to reduce the friction loss of the engine and reduce the pollutant emission, and therefore, the volume of a water jacket of the engine needs to be reduced as much as possible.

Therefore, the existing engine water jacket cannot meet the cooling requirements of the engine under the two working conditions, and the performance of the engine is reduced under the cold start working condition or the high-power working condition.

In view of this, a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is to provide an engine water jacket that can meet the requirements of an engine under two operating conditions, i.e., a cold start condition and a high power condition, so as to improve the performance of the engine under the two operating conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention aims to provide a cooling water jacket of an engine, which comprises a cylinder body water jacket and a cylinder cover water jacket, wherein the cylinder body water jacket is internally provided with a first cavity and a second cavity which are isolated from each other, and the first cavity is communicated with the cylinder cover water jacket and is used for cooling a cylinder cover of the engine;

the switch device is used for controlling the second cavity to be opened or closed, and when the switch device is opened, the first cavity and the second cavity are both in a working state; when the switch device is turned off, the first cavity is in a working state, and the second cavity stops working.

Therefore, the volume of the cooling water cavity in the cylinder water jacket can be changed as required by arranging the switch device, and meanwhile, as the cylinder water jacket is directly communicated with the cylinder cover water jacket, additional water cavities are not required to be additionally arranged between the cylinder water jacket and the cylinder cover water jacket to finish water supply and water return, so that the water-saving water-cooling cylinder has the advantage of saving space.

Optionally, a partition piece is provided inside the block water jacket, the partition piece being in contact with a sealing gasket in an engine block so as to partition the block water jacket into the first cavity and the second cavity.

Optionally, the dividing sheet is arranged in the cylinder water jacket through a supporting sheet; the support sheet at the inlet of the cylinder water jacket is positioned at the inner side of the cylinder water jacket.

Optionally, an outlet of the second cavity is provided with an electronic control valve, and the electronic control valve is the switch device;

the electronic control valve can also adjust the flow of cooling water into the second cavity according to the real-time temperature of the engine.

Optionally, the cylinder head water jacket is disposed at an exhaust manifold of the engine, and includes a plurality of water supply channels, one end of each water supply channel is communicated with the first cavity, and the other end of each water supply channel is communicated with a junction area of each branch pipe in the exhaust manifold.

Optionally, the water supply channel is of a strip structure.

Optionally, the exhaust manifold includes four branch pipes, which are a 1-cylinder branch pipe, a 2-cylinder branch pipe, a 3-cylinder branch pipe and a 4-cylinder branch pipe, respectively, the 1-cylinder branch pipe and the 2-cylinder branch pipe intersect in a first intersection region, the 3-cylinder branch pipe and the 4-cylinder branch pipe intersect in a second intersection region, the four branch pipes intersect in a total intersection region, the first intersection region and the second intersection region are located on two sides of the total intersection region, and an outlet pipe of the exhaust manifold is located in the total intersection region;

the cylinder cover water jacket comprises a first water supply channel, a second water supply channel and a third water supply channel, and the first water supply channel, the second water supply channel and the third water supply channel are communicated to the first intersection area, the second intersection area and the total intersection area respectively.

Optionally, the first water supply channel and the second water supply channel each have a connecting channel connected to the main junction area.

Optionally, the cylinder head water jacket further comprises an annular water channel arranged at a spark plug of the engine, and the annular water channel is close to the combustion chamber of the engine and is communicated with the first cavity.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides an engine structure which comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder cover and a cooling water jacket for cooling the engine, wherein the cooling water jacket is the cooling water jacket.

In addition, the present invention further provides a method of controlling a cooling water jacket, which is the cooling water jacket described above; the control method comprises the following steps:

10) judging the working condition of the engine according to the real-time temperature of the engine, and performing step 11 when the real-time temperature is lower than the preset temperature and the engine is in a cold start working condition); when the real-time temperature is higher than the preset temperature, finishing the engine warming, and performing step 12);

11) closing the switch device to enable the first cavity to be in a working state, stopping the second cavity, and enabling cooling water in the first cavity to enter the cylinder cover water jacket;

12) and opening the switch device to enable the first cavity and the second cavity to be in working states, wherein cooling water in the first cavity enters the cylinder cover water jacket, and cooling water in the second cavity enters the cylinder body of the engine.

Therefore, when the engine is in cold start, the switch device is closed, at the moment, only the cooling water in the first cavity in the cylinder water jacket exchanges heat with the radiator, and compared with the total volume of the cooling water cavity of the cylinder water jacket, the volume of the cooling water cavity (first cavity) in which the cylinder water jacket acts in the mode is smaller, so that the warm-up speed of the engine in cold start is increased, the engine is quickly warmed up, and friction loss and pollutant emission are reduced.

When the engine is warmed up and normally runs, in order to ensure that the cooling water jacket has a good cooling effect, the first cavity and the second cavity in the cylinder water jacket are both active cooling water cavities, namely, the volume of the cooling water cavity of the cooling water jacket is larger in the mode, so that the cooling water jacket can be ensured to have a good cooling effect, and the engine is prevented from being overheated.

Based on the structure, the structure of the cooling water cavity in the cylinder water jacket is improved, and the switching device is arranged, so that the cooling water jacket can be quickly warmed up when the engine is in cold start, and has a good cooling effect under the running working condition of the engine, and the engine has good performance under two working conditions.

Optionally, the switching device is an electronic control valve, and in step 12), the method further includes the following steps:

121) and adjusting the opening of the electronic control valve according to the real-time temperature so as to adjust the flow of the cooling water entering the second cavity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an engine coolant jacket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the block jacket of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view of the cylinder water jacket of FIG. 2 at the intake side of the engine;

FIG. 4 is a view of the cylinder block water jacket of the drawing on the exhaust side of the engine;

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the segmentation assembly of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder liner water jacket of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder jacket of FIG. 7 from another perspective;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of a cooling water jacket control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 1-8:

1 cylinder water jacket, 11 first cavity, 111 first outlet, 12 second cavity, 121 second outlet, 13 inlet, 14 dividing component, 141 first dividing piece, 142 second dividing piece, 143 supporting piece;

2 cylinder cover water jacket, 21 first water supply channel, 22 second water supply channel, 23 third water supply channel, 24 first intersection zone, 25 second intersection zone, 26 total intersection zone, 27 connecting water channel.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-6 and 9, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine cooling water jacket according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the block jacket of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view of the cylinder water jacket of FIG. 2 at the intake side of the engine; FIG. 4 is a view of the cylinder block water jacket of the drawing on the exhaust side of the engine; FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the segmentation assembly of FIG. 2; fig. 9 is a flowchart of a cooling water jacket control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a cooling water jacket of an engine, wherein the engine comprises a cylinder block and a cylinder cover, and the cylinder block comprises a cylinder barrel. As shown in fig. 1, the cooling water jacket includes a cylinder water jacket 1 and a cylinder head water jacket 2, wherein the cylinder water jacket 1 is externally sleeved on the cylinder barrel, and the cylinder head water jacket 2 is externally sleeved on the cylinder head.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the block jacket 1 has a first cavity 11 and a second cavity 12 isolated from each other inside, wherein the first cavity 11 is communicated with the head jacket 2, i.e., the first cavity 11 is used for cooling a cylinder head of the engine, and the second cavity 12 is used for cooling a block of the engine. The cooling water jacket also comprises a switch device for controlling the second cavity 12 to be opened or closed, when the switch device is opened, the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 are both in a working state, cooling water in the two cavities can enter the radiator, and at the moment, the cooling water jacket is in a first working mode; when the switch device is turned off, the first cavity 11 is in a working state, the second cavity 12 stops working, only the cooling water in the first cavity 11 can enter the radiator, and at the moment, the cooling water jacket is in a second working mode.

According to the invention, the volume of the cooling water cavity in the cylinder body water jacket 1 can be changed as required by arranging the switch device, and meanwhile, as the cylinder body water jacket 1 is directly communicated with the cylinder cover water jacket 2, no additional water cavity is required to be additionally arranged between the cylinder body water jacket 1 and the cylinder cover water jacket 2 to complete water supply and water return, so that the water-saving water-cooling cylinder has the advantage of space saving.

Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a method for controlling an engine cooling water jacket, which is the cooling water jacket described in the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the method for controlling the cooling water jacket includes the following steps:

s10: judging the state of the engine according to the real-time temperature of the engine, judging whether the real-time temperature of the engine is lower than a preset temperature, and if so, performing step S11; if not, go to step S12;

s11: when the engine is in a cold start state, the switching device is turned off, so that the first cavity 11 is in a working state, the second cavity 12 stops working, and cooling water in the first cavity 11 enters the radiator for heat exchange.

S12: the engine cold start is accomplished, is in the state of traveling, opens switching device for first cavity 11 and second cavity 12 are all in operating condition, and the cooling water homoenergetic of the two can get into the heat exchanger in the radiator.

In the invention, when the engine is in cold start, the switch device is closed, at the moment, only the cooling water in the first cavity 11 in the cylinder water jacket 1 exchanges heat with the radiator, and compared with the total volume of the cooling water cavity of the cylinder water jacket 1, the volume of the cooling water cavity (the first cavity 11) acted by the cylinder water jacket 1 in the mode is smaller, so that the warm-up speed of the engine in cold start is improved, the quick warm-up is realized, and the friction loss and pollutant emission are reduced.

When the engine is warmed up and normally runs, in order to ensure that the cooling water jacket has a good heat dissipation effect, the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 in the cylinder water jacket 1 are both active cooling water cavities, namely, the volume of the cooling water cavity of the cooling water jacket is large in the mode, so that the cooling water jacket can be ensured to have good heat exchange capacity, and the engine is prevented from being overheated.

Therefore, according to the invention, by improving the structure of the cooling water cavity in the cylinder water jacket 1 and arranging the switch device, the cooling water jacket can be quickly warmed up when the engine is in cold start, and has a good cooling effect when the engine works normally, and meanwhile, the cooling water jacket also has the advantage of saving space.

In particular, the outlet of the second chamber 12 is provided with an electronic control valve, i.e. the above-mentioned switching device. The electronic control valve is arranged at the outlet of the second cavity 12, so that the valve body is convenient to arrange, and the water flow of the second cavity 12 can be quickly closed, so that the warm-up rate of the engine in the cold start process is further improved. In addition, the electronic control valve is also used for adjusting the flow of cooling water into the second cavity 12 according to the real-time temperature of the engine.

Based on this, as shown in fig. 9, the step S12 further includes the steps of:

s121: the opening of the switch means is adjusted in accordance with the real-time temperature of the engine in order to adjust the flow of cooling water into the second chamber 12.

Therefore, when the engine warm-up is completed, the electronic control valve is gradually opened, so that the flow rate of the cooling water in the second chamber 12 is gradually increased. The electronic control valve can adjust the resistance of the cooling water channel in the cylinder water jacket 1, so that the flow proportion of the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 is adjusted, the flow proportion of the cylinder water jacket 11 and the cylinder cover water jacket 12 is further adjusted, and the distribution of cooling water in the cooling water jacket is reasonable.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the cylinder water jacket 1 is provided with dividing pieces inside, which are a first dividing piece 141 provided on the intake side of the engine and a second dividing piece 142 provided on the exhaust side of the engine, respectively, and the two dividing pieces contact with the gasket between the cylinders so as to divide the cylinder water jacket 1 into the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 which are isolated from each other. And the shapes of the two cutting pieces are matched with the shapes of the cylinder body water jacket 1 and the cylinder barrel.

Meanwhile, the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 are distributed along the height direction of the cylinder water jacket 1, and according to the heat dissipation requirements of the cylinder body and the cylinder cover, in addition to the exception of adjusting the cooling water flow ratio of the two cavities through an electronic control valve, the volume of the first cavity 11 and the volume of the second cavity 12 can be changed by changing the height of the partition piece in the cylinder water jacket 1, so that the flow ratio of the cooling water in the two cavities can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, since the heat dissipation requirement of the cylinder block is larger than that of the cylinder head, the volume of the second chamber 12 is larger than that of the first chamber 11 in general.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the first and

second partition pieces

141 and 142 are each provided in the cylinder water jacket 1 by the support piece 143, and by changing the size of each support piece 143, the volume ratio of the first and

second cavities

11 and 12 can be adjusted.

Meanwhile, the supporting sheet 143 at the inlet 13 of the cylinder water jacket 1 is arranged at the inner side of the cylinder water jacket 1 to reduce the influence of the supporting sheet 143 at the inlet 13 on the water flow; on the other hand, since the cooling water in the block water jacket 1 is mainly used in a high temperature region between the block water jacket 1 and the combustion chamber of the engine, and the temperature outside the block water jacket 1 is low, the support piece 143 at the remaining position inside the block water jacket 1 except for the inlet 13 is disposed outside the block water jacket 1 so as to reduce the influence of the support piece 143 on the heat exchange inside the block water jacket 1.

Referring still to fig. 7-9, fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder liner water jacket of fig. 1; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder jacket of FIG. 7 from another perspective; fig. 9 is an operation principle diagram of the cooling water jacket of fig. 1.

On the other hand, the cylinder head water jacket 2 in fig. 1 is provided at the exhaust manifold of the engine, and as shown in fig. 8, the cylinder head water jacket 2 includes a plurality of water supply passages, each of which has one end communicating with the first cavity 11 of the cylinder head water jacket 1 and the other end communicating with the intersection region of each branch pipe in the exhaust manifold.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cooling water in the first cavity 11 of the cylinder water jacket 1 enters the cylinder head water jacket 2 through the water supply passages so as to exchange heat with the engine cylinder head.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, each water supply passage has a long, narrow, band-like structure, that is, the flow cross section of cooling water in each water supply passage is large, thereby increasing the heat transfer coefficient between the head water jacket 2 and the engine exhaust manifold.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the exhaust form of the engine exhaust manifold is four-in one-out, that is, four inlet pipes and one outlet pipe, the four inlet pipes are respectively a 1-cylinder branch pipe, a 2-cylinder branch pipe, a 3-cylinder branch pipe and a 4-cylinder branch pipe, and each branch pipe is respectively connected with 1 cylinder, 2 cylinders, 3 cylinders and 4 cylinders so as to exhaust the exhaust gas after combustion in each cylinder of the engine. The cylinder branch pipes 1 and the cylinder branch pipes 2 intersect in a first intersection area 24, the cylinder branch pipes 3 and the cylinder branch pipes 4 intersect in a second intersection area 25, the four branch pipes intersect in a total intersection area 26, the first intersection area 24 and the second intersection area 25 are located on two sides of the total intersection area 26, and the total intersection area 26 is connected with an outlet pipe of the exhaust manifold.

Based on this, as shown in fig. 8, the cylinder head water jacket 2 in each of the above embodiments includes three water supply passages, i.e., a first water supply passage 21, a second water supply passage 22, and a third water supply passage 23, wherein the first water supply passage 21 communicates with the first cavity 11 of the cylinder water jacket 1 at one end and communicates with the first junction area 24 at the other end, the second water supply passage 22 communicates with the first cavity 11 at one end and communicates with the second junction area 25 at the other end, and the third water supply passage 23 located in the middle portion communicates with the first cavity 11 at one end and communicates with the total junction area 26 at the other end.

So set up, first water supply channel 21 can with 1 jar branch pipe and 2 jar branch pipes heat transfer, second water supply channel 22 can with 3 jar branch pipes and 4 jar branch pipes heat transfer, simultaneously, third water supply channel 23 can with four branch pipe heat transfer to improve this cylinder cap water jacket 2's heat transfer effect.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 8, each of the first water supply passage 21 and the second water supply passage 22 communicating with the first intersection region 24 and the second intersection region 25 has a connecting passage 27 communicating to the total intersection region 26.

Therefore, the flow direction of the cooling water in the cooling water jacket in the present embodiment is as follows: the cooling water in the first cavity 11 of the cylinder water jacket 1 enters the first water supply channel 21, the second water supply channel 22 and the third water supply channel 23 through the first outlet 111, and passes through the water supply channels into the first intersection region 24, the second intersection region 25 and the total intersection region 26. Meanwhile, the first water supply passage 21 and the second water supply passage 22 are divided into a connecting passage 27, and the connecting passages 27 communicate with the total junction 26. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the band-shaped first water supply passage 21, second water supply passage 22 and two connecting water passages 27 surround the exhaust manifold outlet from both sides and communicate to 4 cylinders of the engine at the bottom of the exhaust manifold.

In the present embodiment, the structure of the cylinder head water jacket 2 is described by taking a four-cylinder engine as an example, and it can be understood that when the number of cylinders of the engine is different, the number and the arrangement position of the water supply passages in the cylinder head water jacket 2 can be adjusted accordingly.

On the other hand, the engine exhaust nose bridge area is the area between the cylinder cover exhaust valve seats, so when each water channel in the cylinder cover water jacket 2 is of a belt-shaped structure with a large circulation section, the cooling effect of the exhaust nose bridge area can be improved, and the cooling water channel reaches the upper part of the spark plug through the exhaust nose bridge area, so that the spark plug is cooled. In this embodiment, the cylinder head water jacket 2 further includes an annular water channel disposed at the spark plug of the engine, the annular water channel is communicated with the first cavity 11, is in a shape of pressing down the top, and is formed into a ring shape close to the bottom combustion chamber, so as to improve the cooling effect of the region. Meanwhile, the cooling water passing through the spark plug returns to the first cavity 11 and is finally discharged out of the cylinder.

In addition, the invention further provides an engine structure, which comprises a cylinder block and a cylinder cover, and further comprises a cooling water jacket for cooling the engine, wherein the cooling water jacket is the cooling water jacket in any one of the embodiments.

Since the cooling water jacket has the technical effects, an engine comprising the cooling water jacket also has the corresponding technical effects, and the details are not repeated herein.

The cooling water jacket, the control method thereof and the engine structure provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The cooling water jacket of the engine comprises a cylinder body water jacket (1) and a cylinder cover water jacket (2), and is characterized in that a first cavity (11) and a second cavity (12) which are isolated from each other are arranged in the cylinder body water jacket (1), and the first cavity (11) is communicated with the cylinder cover water jacket (2) and is used for cooling a cylinder cover of the engine;

the switch device is used for controlling the second cavity (12) to be opened or closed, and when the switch device is opened, the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) are both in a working state; when the switch device is closed, the first cavity (11) is in a working state, and the second cavity (12) stops working;

a partition sheet is arranged in the cylinder water jacket (1) and is in contact with a sealing gasket in an engine cylinder so as to divide the cylinder water jacket (1) into the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12);

the position of the dividing piece in the cylinder water jacket (1) is adjustable to change the volume of the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12).

2. The cooling water jacket according to claim 1, wherein the partition piece is provided in the block water jacket (1) by a support piece (143), the support piece (143) at the inlet (13) of the block water jacket (1) being located inside the block water jacket (1).

3. A cooling water jacket according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outlet of the second cavity (12) is provided with an electronically controlled valve, which is the switching device;

the electronic control valve is also capable of adjusting the flow of cooling water into the second cavity (12) in accordance with the real-time temperature of the engine.

4. A cooling water jacket according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylinder head water jacket (2) is provided at an engine exhaust manifold, and comprises a plurality of water supply passages, one end of the water supply passage communicates with the first chamber (11), and the other end communicates with a junction area of each branch pipe in the exhaust manifold.

5. The cooling water jacket according to claim 4, wherein the water supply passage is of a band structure.

6. The cooling water jacket according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust manifold includes four branch pipes, which are a 1-cylinder branch pipe, a 2-cylinder branch pipe, a 3-cylinder branch pipe and a 4-cylinder branch pipe, respectively, the 1-cylinder branch pipe and the 2-cylinder branch pipe meet at a first meeting area (24), the 3-cylinder branch pipe and the 4-cylinder branch pipe meet at a second meeting area (25), the four branch pipes meet at a total meeting area (26), and the first meeting area (24) and the second meeting area (25) are located on both sides of the total meeting area (26), and an outlet pipe of the exhaust manifold is located at the total meeting area (26);

the cylinder cover water jacket (2) comprises a first water supply channel (21), a second water supply channel (22) and a third water supply channel (23), and the three water supply channels are communicated to the first intersection area (24), the second intersection area (25) and the total intersection area (26) respectively.

7. A cooling water jacket according to claim 6, characterised in that the first water supply channel (21) and the second water supply channel (22) each have a connection channel (27) which communicates to the total junction area (26).

8. The cooling water jacket according to claim 4, wherein the cylinder head water jacket (2) further comprises an annular water channel provided at the engine spark plug, the annular water channel being close to an engine combustion chamber and communicating with the first cavity (11).

9. An engine structure comprising a cylinder block and a cylinder head, and further comprising a cooling water jacket for cooling the engine, wherein the cooling water jacket is the cooling water jacket according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A control method of a cooling water jacket, characterized in that the cooling water jacket is the cooling water jacket according to claim 1; the control method comprises the following steps:

11) closing the switch device to enable the first cavity (11) to be in a working state, stopping the second cavity (12) from working, and enabling cooling water in the first cavity (11) to enter the cylinder cover water jacket (2);

12) and opening the switch device to enable the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) to be in a working state, wherein cooling water in the first cavity (11) enters the cylinder cover water jacket (2), and cooling water in the second cavity (12) enters the cylinder body of the engine.

11. The control method according to claim 10, wherein the switching device is an electronic control valve, and in step 12), the method further comprises the steps of:

121) adjusting the opening of the electronic control valve according to the real-time temperature so as to adjust the flow of cooling water into the second cavity (12).