CN110344861B - Rapid construction method and structure of rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering - Google Patents
Rapid construction method and structure of rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN110344861B CN110344861B CN201910732151.9A CN201910732151A CN110344861B CN 110344861 B CN110344861 B CN 110344861B CN 201910732151 A CN201910732151 A CN 201910732151A CN 110344861 B CN110344861 B CN 110344861B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid building structure of a rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering, which comprises a middle hole penetrating through a core rock body, wherein upper side holes are formed in two sides of the middle hole, a rock column is arranged between the middle hole and the upper side holes, a temporary transverse channel is formed in the rock column in a penetrating manner, a lower side hole is formed below the upper side hole, ultra-long anchor cables are arranged in the rock bodies of the top walls of the middle hole and the upper side hole, a middle hole temporary anchor rod is arranged in the rock wall of the middle hole, and a side hole upper rock column temporary anchor rod is arranged in the rock column rock wall of the upper side hole; the invention also discloses a rapid construction method of the rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering. The invention can realize simultaneous excavation of multiple working surfaces of a large-span underground structure, quickly and safely form a self-stabilizing stress ring of surrounding rock at the top of a cavity, and avoid the risk of unstable cavity caused by untimely collapse of excavation supporting of a wedge-shaped rock at the top of the cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a method for quickly constructing an ultra-large span underground engineering of a rock stratum and a structure thereof.
Background
China is a mountainous country, and the areas of mountains, hills and plateaus are statistically 69% of the total area of the whole country, and most of the strata in these areas are rock strata. Rock strata in the plain regions of China are also widely distributed, and fine sandstone layers are mainly distributed in the plain regions of Yangtze river delta and the North Suzhou regions; the fine sandstone layer is mainly distributed in the areas of the inner river and the Taihu; the sandstone layer is a type of rock layer between sandstone and gravel rock layers, and is mainly distributed in the Yangtze river delta plain area, the yellow flood area and the coastal zone.
With the development of national economy, development and utilization of underground space are increasingly emphasized. The development and utilization of the underground space can realize the expansion of the urban space and improve the land utilization efficiency; the technology requirements of construction can be pulled, and the transformation and the technological progress of the underground engineering technology industry are promoted; a perfect underground disaster prevention space system can be established, and the capability of the country for resisting disasters and war is enhanced.
There are few studies on how to quickly and safely construct ultra-large span underground works in rock strata, so that a method for quickly constructing ultra-large span underground works in rock strata and a structure thereof are required to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides a method for quickly constructing a rock stratum ultra-large span underground project and a structure thereof, and aims to realize simultaneous excavation of multiple working surfaces of a large span underground structure, quickly and safely form a self-stabilizing stress ring of surrounding rocks at the top of the underground structure and avoid the risk of unstable underground structure caused by untimely collapse of support of a rock wedge at the top of an excavation range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a structure is built fast to super large-span underground works in rock stratum, including the well hole that runs through the core rock mass, the both sides in well hole all are equipped with upper portion limit hole, be equipped with the rock pillar between well hole and the upper portion limit hole, run through on the rock pillar and be equipped with interim horizontal passageway, the below in upper portion limit hole is equipped with the lower part limit hole, all be equipped with overlength anchor rope in well hole and the upper portion limit hole roof rock mass, be equipped with well hole temporary anchor rod in the rock wall in well hole, be equipped with limit hole upper portion rock pillar temporary anchor rod in the rock pillar rock wall in upper portion limit hole, be equipped with limit hole lower part core rock mass temporary anchor rod in the core rock mass rock wall in lower part limit hole.
Preferably, the upper and lower side holes are of uniform width.
Preferably, the sum of the widths of the central hole and the rock pillar corresponds to the width of the core rock mass.
Preferably, a ramp is provided at the temporary transverse channel.
Preferably, the middle hole temporary anchor rod and the rock column temporary anchor rod at the upper part of the side hole are horizontally arranged.
The rapid construction method of the rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering comprises the following steps:
s1, rapidly constructing a middle hole, a middle hole temporary anchor rod and a temporary transverse channel, simultaneously constructing an ultra-long anchor cable at the top of the middle hole, and fixing a rock body above a structure;
s2, after the middle hole is communicated, a temporary transverse channel and the middle hole are used as a soil outlet channel in the hole, an upper side hole and a temporary anchor rod are constructed at the left side and the right side, the upper side hole and the temporary anchor rod at the left side and the right side are also constructed at the same time outside the hole, a rock column is used as a temporary support in a large-span underground cavity, an overlength anchor cable at the top of the upper side hole is constructed, and a rock mass above the upper side hole is fixed;
s3, after the upper side hole is communicated, excavating a temporary transverse channel in the hole to the elevation of a bottom plate of the hole, taking the temporary transverse channel and the middle hole as a soil outlet channel in the hole, constructing left and right side lower side holes and side hole lower core rock mass temporary anchor rods, and simultaneously constructing left and right side lower side holes and side hole lower core rock mass temporary anchor rods outside the hole, wherein the rock columns are based on core rock masses;
s4, excavating rock mass in the range of the rock column in opposite directions by taking the temporary transverse channel as a working surface, and constructing an ultra-long anchor cable at the top of the rock column;
s5, excavating a core rock mass, and performing secondary lining to form the ultra-large span underground structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the underground structure to be excavated is divided into a middle hole, an upper side hole, a lower side hole, a rock column, a core rock mass and a temporary transverse channel, a temporary self-stabilizing stress ring is formed through a rock stratum at the top of the underground structure and an ultra-long anchor cable, and rapid construction is realized through stepwise, layered and multi-working-surface excavation.
The rock pillar can be used as a temporary support for top excavation of the ultra-large span underground structure, conditions are provided for construction of ultra-long anchor cables at the tops of the middle hole and the side hole, the temporary transverse channel can provide conditions for simultaneous construction of multiple working surfaces of the side hole, the middle hole and the temporary transverse channel can be used as a muck outward transport channel of the side hole, and the ultra-large span underground structure can be quickly and safely constructed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a rapid construction structure of a rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering, which is proposed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a rapid construction structure of a rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering, which is provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a middle hole and temporary transverse channel construction longitudinal section structure of a rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering rapid construction structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a schematic cross-sectional view of an upper side hole construction longitudinal plane of the rapid construction structure of the rock stratum oversized span underground engineering provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a schematic cross-sectional view of a lower side hole construction longitudinal plane of the rapid construction structure of the ultra-large span underground engineering of the rock stratum;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a section structure of a rock column and a core rock mass construction longitudinal plane of the rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering rapid construction structure provided by the invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a middle hole 1, an upper side hole 2, a lower side hole 3, a rock pillar 4, a core rock mass 5, a middle hole temporary anchor rod 6, a rock pillar temporary anchor rod 7, a core rock mass temporary anchor rod 8, a temporary transverse channel 9, an ultra-long anchor cable 10 and a ramp 11.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the rapid construction structure of the ultra-large span underground engineering of the rock stratum comprises a middle hole 1 penetrating through a core rock body 5, wherein upper side holes 2 are formed in two sides of the middle hole 1, a rock column 4 is arranged between the middle hole 1 and the upper side holes 2, a temporary transverse channel 9 is formed in the rock column 4 in a penetrating mode, an ultra-long anchor cable 10 is arranged in each of the middle hole 1 and the rock wall of the upper side holes 2, a middle hole temporary anchor rod 6 is arranged in the rock wall of the middle hole 1, side hole upper side rock column temporary anchor rods 7 are arranged in the rock column 4 rock wall of the upper side holes 2, and side hole lower core rock body temporary anchor rods 8 are arranged in the core rock body 5 rock wall of the lower side holes 3.
In the invention, the widths of the upper side hole 2 and the lower side hole 3 are consistent.
Specifically, the sum of the widths of the central hole 1 and the rock pillar 4 corresponds to the width of the core rock mass 5.
Specifically, the temporary transverse channel 9 is provided with the ramp 11, so that the slag can be conveniently transported outwards through the ramp 11 according to construction requirements.
Specifically, the middle hole temporary anchor rod 6 and the rock column temporary anchor rod 7 on the upper portion of the side hole are horizontally arranged.
When the structure and the method disclosed by the invention are implemented, a large-span underground project is divided into five parts of a middle hole 1, an upper side hole 2, a lower side hole 3, a rock column 4 and a core rock body 5 in advance, the middle hole 1, a middle hole temporary anchor rod 6 and a temporary transverse channel 9 are quickly constructed on the basis of the core rock body 5, and meanwhile, an ultra-long anchor cable 10 at the top of the middle hole 1 is constructed to fix the rock body above the structure.
After the middle hole 1 is communicated, a temporary transverse channel 9 and the middle hole 1 are used as a soil outlet channel in the hole, the upper side holes 2 and the temporary anchor rods 7 on the left side and the right side are constructed, the upper side holes 2 and the temporary anchor rods 7 on the left side and the right side are also constructed outside the hole, a rock column 4 is used as a temporary support in a large-span underground cavity, an ultra-long anchor cable 10 at the top of the upper side hole 2 is constructed, and a rock mass above the upper side hole 2 is fixed.
After the upper side hole 2 is penetrated, a temporary transverse channel 9 in the hole is excavated to the elevation of the bottom plate of the cavity, the temporary transverse channel 9 and the middle hole 1 are used as unearthed channels in the hole, the left side lower side hole 3 and the side hole lower core rock mass temporary anchor rods 8 are constructed, the left side lower side hole 3 and the side hole lower core rock mass temporary anchor rods 8 are also constructed outside the hole, and the rock column 4 is based on the core rock mass 5.
And excavating rock mass in the range of the rock column 4 in opposite directions by taking the temporary transverse channel 9 as a working surface, and constructing an ultra-long anchor cable 10 at the top of the rock column 4.
And finally, excavating a core rock mass 5, and performing secondary lining to form an ultra-large span underground structure.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any person skilled in the art, based on the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, can be replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The rapid building structure for the ultra-large span underground engineering of the rock stratum is characterized by comprising a middle hole (1) penetrating through a core rock body (5), wherein upper side holes (2) are formed in two sides of the middle hole (1), a rock column (4) is arranged between the middle hole (1) and the upper side holes (2), a temporary transverse channel (9) is formed in the rock column (4) in a penetrating mode, a lower side hole (3) is formed below the upper side hole (2), ultra-long anchor cables (10) are arranged in the rock wall of the middle hole (1) and the top wall of the upper side hole (2), a middle hole temporary anchor rod (6) is arranged in the rock wall of the middle hole (1), side hole upper side rock column temporary (7) is arranged in the rock column (4) of the upper side hole, and side hole lower core rock body temporary anchor rods (8) are arranged in the core rock body (5) of the lower side hole anchor rod (3); the widths of the upper side hole (2) and the lower side hole (3) are consistent; the sum of the widths of the middle hole (1) and the rock column (4) is consistent with the width of the core rock body (5); a ramp (11) is arranged at the temporary transverse channel (9).
2. The rapid construction structure for the ultra-large span underground engineering of the rock stratum according to claim 1, wherein the temporary rock bolts (6) of the middle hole and the temporary rock bolts (7) of the upper rock column of the side hole are horizontally arranged.
3. The rapid construction method of the rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, rapidly constructing a middle hole (1), a middle hole temporary anchor rod (6) and a temporary transverse channel (9), and simultaneously constructing an ultra-long anchor cable (10) at the top of the middle hole (1) to fix a rock mass above a structure;
s2, after the middle hole (1) is communicated, a temporary transverse channel (9) and the middle hole (1) are used as a soil outlet channel in the hole, a left upper side edge hole (2) and a right upper side edge hole (7) and a temporary anchor rod (7) are constructed outside the hole, a rock column (4) is used as a temporary support in a large-span underground cavity, an ultra-long anchor cable (10) at the top of the upper side edge hole (2) is constructed, and rock mass above the upper side edge hole (2) is fixed;
s3, after the upper side hole (2) is communicated, a temporary transverse channel (9) in the hole is excavated to the elevation of a bottom plate of the hole, the temporary transverse channel (9) and the middle hole (1) are used as a soil outlet channel in the hole, a left side lower side hole (3) and a right side lower core rock mass temporary anchor rod (8) are constructed, a left side lower side hole (3) and a right side lower core rock mass temporary anchor rod (8) are also constructed outside the hole at the same time, and a rock column (4) is based on a core rock mass (5);
s4, excavating rock mass in the range of the rock column (4) in opposite directions by taking the temporary transverse channel (9) as a working surface, and constructing an ultra-long anchor cable (10) at the top of the rock column (4);
s5, excavating a core rock mass (5), and performing secondary lining to form the ultra-large span underground structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910732151.9A CN110344861B (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Rapid construction method and structure of rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering |
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| CN201910732151.9A CN110344861B (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Rapid construction method and structure of rock stratum ultra-large span underground engineering |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110344861A CN110344861A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
| CN110344861B true CN110344861B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111502715B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-07-20 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for comprehensively constructing fractured rock mass in oversized underground cavern crossing stage |
| CN112065470B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-15 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Cave depot tank body excavation method |
| CN112576285A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-30 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Method for dismantling double-rock-pillar support of huge-span underground cave depot |
| CN112901182A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Eight-part excavation construction method for reserving double rock pillar supports in large-span underground cave depot |
| CN117189136B (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-01-09 | 中铁九局集团第四工程有限公司 | Construction method for building large-section tunnel by reinforcing middle rock mass |
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