CN110340372A - Using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder - Google Patents

Using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder Download PDF

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CN110340372A
CN110340372A CN201810305262.7A CN201810305262A CN110340372A CN 110340372 A CN110340372 A CN 110340372A CN 201810305262 A CN201810305262 A CN 201810305262A CN 110340372 A CN110340372 A CN 110340372A
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powder
material manufacturing
proportions
equal
prep
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付俊
雷力明
付鑫
杨阳
石磊
周新民
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing methods using PREP TC4 spherical powder comprising following steps: step S1, select the TC4 alloy spherical powder of plasma rotating electrode atomization method preparation, the powder size of TC4 alloy spherical powder is 45 μm -180 μm；Step S2, TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, according to powder dosage and state, dry powder to being completely dried to TC4 alloy spherical powder；Step S3, using artificial sieve powder or Automatic sieve powder device carry out sieve powder, the powder being sieved is packed into dust feeder；Step S4, using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment to TC4 alloy spherical powder carry out LMD forming；Step S5, drip molding is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace to progress destressing processing；Step S6, obtain product.The present invention greatly reduces the defects of stomata, improves drip molding quality.Forming accuracy is improved, reduction fusion is bad or does not merge defect.

Description

Using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to increases material manufacturing technology field, in particular to a kind of laser using PREP TC4 spherical powder melts Deposit increasing material manufacturing method.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) technology is commonly called as 3D printing (Three Dimension Material is melted successively cumulative method using high energy beam and manufactures entity component by Printing) technology, increasing material manufacturing.It is broadly divided into Three categories: the increasing material manufacturing of nonmetallic increasing material manufacturing, the increasing material manufacturing of biological tissue/organ and metal.Increase material system in metal Field is made, and main development is two class technique directions: one, Laser Melting Deposition (LMD, Laser based on synchronous powder feeding system Melting Deposition) increases material manufacturing technology.Laser Melting Deposition (Laser Melting Deposition) is to use The method that material fusing is successively accumulated is manufactured entity component by laser.Two, the selective laser based on powder bed (powdering formula) is melted Technology (SLM, Selective Laser Melting) and electron beam melting (Electron Beam Melting) increasing material manufacturing Technology.The forming process of Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing metal parts based on synchronous powder feeding system is by carrying powder gas for spherical powder End conveys and converges, and the fusion of metal powder for being converged synchronous transport using high energy laser beam forms mobile metal bath.? Small molten bath quickly solidifies under high-temperature gradient, successively fusing accumulation, forms entity component.
Currently, alloy powder used in synchronous powder feeding system increasing material manufacturing is mainly the powder such as titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, steel, aluminium alloy End, wherein it is most widely used with TC4 alloy powder, especially far surpass it in aerospace high added value part field proportion His alloy.Subtract material manufacturing method compared to traditional, TC4 alloy zero is prepared using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing of synchronous powder feeding system Part greatly solves titanium alloy difficulty processing problems.Meanwhile the freedom degree of design is improved, there is flexible high, stock utilization High feature.
Preparation for large complicated TC4 alloyed components, can effectively reduce cost, shorten the manufacturing cycle.And based on same Walk metal powder used in the Laser Melting Deposition forming process of powder feeding, the generally spherical powder of gas atomization preparation.The powder Last hollow rate is high, and satellite ball content of powder is high, and powder sphericity is not high, and mobility is poor so that in forming process powder feeding it is uneven, The defects of forming hole, seriously affects shape, tissue and the performance of Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing drip molding, greatly reduces by zero Part quality.Therefore, it is badly in need of improving the performance of raw material powder to improve the quality of increasing material manufacturing part.
Its coarse powder recovery rate of the alloy powder of plasma rotating electrode atomization method preparation is high, and prepared powder has surface Cleaning, sphericity is high, association particle is few, without hollow/satellite powder, good fluidity, high-purity, low oxygen content, narrow particle size distribution etc. Advantage can greatly meet requirement of the metal increasing material manufacturing to powder, but using the alloy of plasma rotating electrode atomization method preparation Powder lacks the performance data of forming technology, heat treatment process and drip molding by the increasing material manufacturing of synchronous powder feeding system.
The TC4 alloy powder of traditional gas atomization preparation is as Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing forming synchronous powder feeding system Dominant powder raw material, the performance characteristics of powder, such as hollow/satellite powder content are high and poor fluidity, sphericity are low, be mingled with, The problems such as oxygen content is high, size distribution is wide, can reduce the quality of drip molding, so that drip molding deforms, increase drip molding Porosity forms defect, reduces the performance of drip molding, increase the percent defective of drip molding, will lead to part rejection when serious, Increase production cost.For TC4 alloy powder prepared by plasma rotating electrode atomization method, increased by the laser of synchronous powder feeding system Material manufacture forming, lacks forming technology, heat treatment process and drip molding performance data.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to shape work to overcome the method for preparing TC4 alloy in the prior art to lack The defects of performance data of skill, heat treatment process and drip molding, provides a kind of laser fusing using PREP TC4 spherical powder Deposit increasing material manufacturing method.
PREP refers to plasma rotating electrode atomization Plasma rotating electrode processes herein, i.e., Alloy consutrode end is melted through plasma, and atomization is realized under high speed centrifugation power and surface tension effects, is obtained spherical Powder.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
A kind of Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method using PREP TC4 spherical powder, it is characterized in that, the system Make method the following steps are included:
Step S1, select plasma rotating electrode atomization method preparation TC4 alloy spherical powder, the TC4 alloy spherical The powder size of powder is 45 μm -180 μm；
Step S2, the TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, according to powder dosage and state, to institute It states TC4 alloy spherical powder and dry powder to being completely dried；
Step S3, using artificial sieve powder or Automatic sieve powder device carry out sieve powder, the powder being sieved is packed into dust feeder；
Step S4, using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment to the TC4 alloy spherical powder carry out LMD forming；
Step S5, drip molding is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace to progress destressing processing, be warming up to 520 DEG C -590 with furnace DEG C, 4h-8h is kept the temperature, argon gas is passed through and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step S6, obtain product.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the step S1The TC4 alloy spherical powder in powder size be less than Powder proportions equal to 45 μm are less than or equal to 5%, and the powder proportions that 45 μm -180 μm of powder size are more than or equal to 90%, powder grain Powder proportions of the degree more than or equal to 180 μm are less than or equal to 5%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, powder cumulative particle size distribution D10≤70 μm, D50≤120 μm, the μ of D90≤180 The mobility of m, the TC4 alloy spherical powder are less than or equal to 27s/50g.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the step S2Described in TC4 alloy spherical powder drying temperature setting It is 100 DEG C -150 DEG C, the time is set as 2h-8h.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the step S3The sieve of 325 mesh and 80 mesh is selected to carry out sieve powder.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the step S4Described in synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment laser Power is 1000-3200W, scan power 800-1600mm/min, powder feeding rate 7-28g/min, spot diameter 2- 6mm, thickness 0.9-2mm, overlapping rate 30%-70%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, powder of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in the TC4 alloy spherical powder Last ratio accounts for 1.55%, and the powder proportions that 45 μm -180 μm of powder size account for 98.45%, and powder size is more than or equal to 180 μm Powder proportions account for 0%；
D10=59.27 μm, D50=103.7 μm, D90=163.7 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 25s/ 50g。
According to one embodiment of present invention, powder of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in the TC4 alloy spherical powder Last ratio accounts for 3.9%, and the powder proportions that 45 μm -180 μm of powder size account for 95.4%, and powder size is more than or equal to 180 μm of powder Last ratio accounts for 0.7%；
D10=64.3 μm, D50=106.1 μm, D90=171.9 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 24.8s/50g。
According to one embodiment of present invention, powder of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in the TC4 alloy spherical powder Last ratio accounts for 2.5%, and the powder proportions that 45 μm -180 μm of powder size account for 96.7%, and powder size is more than or equal to 180 μm of powder Last ratio accounts for 0.8%；
D10=69.6 μm, D50=112.4 μm, D90=169.0 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 25.2s/50g。
According to one embodiment of present invention, powder of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in the TC4 alloy spherical powder Last ratio accounts for 1.7%, and the powder proportions that 45 μm -180 μm of powder size account for 98%, and powder size is more than or equal to 180 μm of powder Ratio accounts for 0.3%；
D10=62.1 μm, D50=105.4 μm, D90=172.6 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 26.86s/50g。
The positive effect of the present invention is that:
The present invention is had the advantage that using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder
One, the defects of greatly reducing stomata improves drip molding quality.The PREP TC4 alloy spherical powder that the present invention uses End without hollow powder, can effectively avoid synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacture forming process in because in hollow powder stomata and hole Gap and the defect introduced, ensure that the performance of titanium alloy drip molding, improve the quality of drip molding.
Two, forming accuracy is improved, reduction fusion is bad or does not merge defect.The PREP TC4 alloy spherical that the present invention uses Powder flowbility is good, and substantially without satellite ball, powder size narrow range, powder feeding is not caused by capable of effectively avoiding because of powder flowbility difference Equal problem improves forming efficiency to improve forming accuracy, while powder can all converge to molten bath, shortens forming period, drop Low cost, and avoid merging bad caused by because of powder feeding unevenness or do not merge defect, improve forming quality.
Three, PREP TC4 alloy powder is applied to the laser gain material manufacturing technology of synchronous powder feeding system by the present invention, solves gas The problem of performance deficiency of atomized powder is brought solves forming quality technical problem from raw material, and widens synchronous powder feeding system Laser gain material manufactures the application of powder raw material used.
Four, the present invention provides using PREP TC4 alloy powder synchronize powder feeding laser gain material manufacturing process and at Shape part heat-treatment technology method, availability are able to satisfy the TC4 alloy product of forging standard, are able to satisfy the high-end dress such as aerospace The demand of standby manufacturing field.
Detailed description of the invention
The above and other feature of the present invention, property and advantage will pass through description with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples And become apparent, identical appended drawing reference always shows identical feature in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the processes of the PREP TC4 alloy powder Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing of synchronous powder feeding system Figure.
Specific embodiment
For the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with attached drawing to tool of the invention Body embodiment elaborates.
The embodiment of the present invention is described with detailed reference to attached drawing now.Now with detailed reference to preferred implementation of the invention Example, its example is shown in the drawings.In the case of any possible, phase will be indicated using identical label in all the appended drawings Same or similar part.In addition, although term used in the present invention is selected from public term, this Some terms mentioned in description of the invention may be that applicant is judged to carry out selection as his or her, and detailed meanings are at this Illustrate in the relevant portion of the description of text.Furthermore, it is desirable that not only by used actual terms, and be also to by each Meaning that term is contained understands the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the processes of the PREP TC4 alloy powder Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing of synchronous powder feeding system Figure.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturings using PREP TC4 spherical powder Method comprising following steps:
Step 100, the TC4 alloy spherical powder for selecting the preparation of plasma rotating electrode atomization method, the TC4 alloy spherical The powder size of powder is 45 μm -180 μm.
Powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm are less than or equal to 5% in the TC4 alloy spherical powder, powder grain The powder proportions of 45 μm -180 μm of degree are more than or equal to 90%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm are less than or equal to 5%.Powder cumulative particle size distribution D10≤70 μm, the time of D50≤120 μm, D90≤180 μm, powder flowbility are no more than 27s/50g。
What D10, D50, D90 were represented herein is powder particle size characterization.Size distribution is reflected with specific instrument and method Different-grain diameter particle accounts for the percentage (quantity, volume or quality) of particle total amount in powder sample.Be generally divided into section distribution and Two kinds of forms of cumulative distribution.Section distribution is also known as differential distribution or frequency distribution, indicates a series of particle in particle size intervals Percentage composition.Cumulative distribution also makes integral be distributed, and represents less than or the percentage composition of big Mr. Yu's particles.
Wherein, cumulative particle size distribution abbreviation cumulative distribution, i.e., more than or less than certain specified particle size in unit volume air Granule particles number or volume, quality be equal to particle total population or total volume, gross mass percentage to its different-grain diameter Relationship (note: being usually volume or quality).
In the application, D10 is indicated: the cumulative particle sizes percentile of powder reaches partial size corresponding when 10%.It Physical significance is that partial size is less than its particle and accounts for 10%, and the particle greater than it accounts for 90%.
In the application, D50 is indicated: the cumulative particle sizes percentile of powder reaches partial size corresponding when 50%.It Physical significance is that partial size is greater than its particle and accounts for 50%, also accounts for 50%, D50 less than its particle and is also meso-position radius or intermediate value grain Diameter.D50 is commonly used to indicate the average particle size of powder.
In the application, D90 is indicated: the cumulative particle sizes percentile of powder reaches partial size corresponding when 90%.It Physical significance is that partial size is less than its particle and accounts for 90%, and the particle greater than it accounts for 10%.
The TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven by step 101, according to powder dosage and state, to institute It states TC4 alloy spherical powder and dry powder to being completely dried.
Powder drying temperature and time are adjustable, and the drying temperature of the TC4 alloy spherical powder is preferably set to 100 DEG C -150 DEG C, the time is preferably set to 2h-8h.
Step 102 carries out sieve powder using artificial sieve powder or Automatic sieve powder device, and the powder being sieved is packed into dust feeder. The sieve of 325 mesh and 80 mesh is selected to carry out sieve powder.
Step 103 carries out LMD (laser to the TC4 alloy spherical powder using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment Melt deposition) forming.Wherein, the laser power of the synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment is preferably 1000-3200W, is swept Retouching power is preferably 800-1600mm/min, and powder feeding rate is preferably 7-28g/min, and spot diameter is preferably 2-6mm, and thickness is excellent It is selected as 0.9-2mm, overlapping rate is preferably 30%-70%.
Drip molding is placed in progress destressing processing in vacuum heat treatment furnace by step 104, is warming up to 520 DEG C -590 with furnace DEG C, 4h-8h is kept the temperature, argon gas is passed through and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature.
Step 105 obtains product after destressing heat treatment.
Embodiment one:
In the present embodiment, described using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder includes following Step:
Firstly, 45 μm of -180 μm of TC4 alloy spherical powder prepared using plasma rotating electrode atomization method.Wherein, institute It states the powder proportions of powder size in TC4 alloy spherical powder less than or equal to 45 μm and accounts for 1.55%, 45 μm -180 μm of powder size Powder proportions account for 98.45%, powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0%.Powder cumulative particle size distribution D10 =59.27 μm, D50=103.7 μm, D90=163.7 μm.Powder flowbility is 25s/50g.
Secondly, drying powder: about 10kg TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, temperature setting is 120 DEG C, when Between about 3h, until powder is dry complete.
Again, sieve powder and dress powder: the powder component after drying is put in the stainless steel mesh of 325 mesh and 80 mesh and is sieved Powder, the powder being sieved are packed into dust feeder.
Then, LMD shapes: carrying out TC4 Alloy Forming using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment, including uses through cutting Piece treated model data.Shaping major parameter includes: laser power 3200W, sweep speed 1600mm/min, powder feeding rate 28g/min, spot diameter 6mm, thickness 1.8mm, overlapping rate 35%.
Then, destressing heat treatment: drip molding is placed in progress destressing processing in vacuum heat treatment furnace, is warming up to furnace 550 DEG C, 4h is kept the temperature, argon gas is passed through and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature.
Finally, product: product is obtained after destressing heat treatment, through performance test analysis.
The room temperature tensile properties of synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacture TC4 Alloy Forming part are as follows: tensile strength 1028MPa is bent Take intensity 920MPa, elongation percentage 13%, the contraction percentage of area 36%.
100 DEG C of high temperature tensile properties are as follows: tensile strength 884MPa, yield strength 762MPa, elongation percentage 18%, section shrinkage Rate 50%.
Embodiment two:
In the present embodiment, described using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder includes following Step:
Firstly, 45 μm of -180 μm of TC4 alloy spherical powder prepared using plasma rotating electrode atomization method.Wherein, institute It states powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in TC4 alloy spherical powder and accounts for 3.9%, 45 μm -180 μm of powder size Powder proportions account for 95.4%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0.7%.Powder cumulative particle size distribution D10= 64.3 μm, D50=106.1 μm, D90=171.9 μm.Powder flowbility 24.8s/50g.
Secondly, drying powder: about 10kg TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, temperature setting is 130 DEG C, when Between about 3h, until powder is completely dried.
Again, sieve powder and dress powder: the powder component after drying is put in the stainless steel mesh of 325 mesh and 80 mesh and is sieved Powder, the powder being sieved are packed into dust feeder.
Then, LMD shapes: carrying out TC4 Alloy Forming using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment, including uses through cutting Piece treated model data.Shaping major parameter includes: laser power 2200W, sweep speed 1200mm/min, powder feeding rate 15g/min, spot diameter 5mm, thickness 1.2mm, overlapping rate 40%.
Then, destressing heat treatment: drip molding is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment, is heated up with furnace To 550 DEG C, 8h is kept the temperature, argon gas is passed through and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature.
Finally, product: product is obtained after destressing heat treatment, through performance test analysis.
The room temperature tensile properties of synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacture TC4 Alloy Forming part are as follows: tensile strength 1030MPa is bent Take intensity 925MPa, elongation percentage 13%, the contraction percentage of area 38%.
100 DEG C of high temperature tensile properties are as follows: tensile strength 885MPa, yield strength 761MPa, elongation percentage 17%, section shrinkage Rate 48%.
Embodiment three:
In the present embodiment, described using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder includes following Step:
Firstly, 45 μm of -180 μm of TC4 alloy spherical powder prepared using plasma rotating electrode atomization method.Wherein, institute It states powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in TC4 alloy spherical powder and accounts for 2.5%, 45 μm -180 μm of powder size Powder proportions account for 96.7%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0.8%.Powder cumulative particle size distribution D10= 69.6 μm, D50=112.4 μm, D90=169.0 μm.Powder flowbility 25.2s/50g.
Secondly, drying powder: about 10kg TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, temperature setting is 150 DEG C, when Between about 2h, until powder is completely dried.
Again, sieve powder and dress powder: the powder after drying is subjected to sieve powder using automatic baking powder device, the powder being sieved is packed into Dust feeder.
Then, LMD shapes: carrying out TC4 Alloy Forming using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment, including uses through cutting Piece treated model data.Shaping major parameter includes: laser power 1600W, sweep speed 1000mm/min, powder feeding rate 10g/min, spot diameter 3mm, thickness 1mm, overlapping rate 55%.
Then, destressing heat treatment: drip molding is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment, is heated up with furnace To 590 DEG C, 6h is kept the temperature, argon gas is passed through and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature.
Finally, product: product is obtained after destressing heat treatment, through performance test analysis.
The room temperature tensile properties of synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacture TC4 Alloy Forming part are as follows: tensile strength 1021MPa is bent Take intensity 914MPa, elongation percentage 12%, the contraction percentage of area 35%.
100 DEG C of high temperature tensile properties are as follows: tensile strength 890MPa, yield strength 768MPa, elongation percentage 18%, section shrinkage Rate 49%.
Example IV:
In the present embodiment, described using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder includes following Step:
Firstly, 45 μm of -180 μm of TC4 alloy spherical powder prepared using plasma rotating electrode atomization method.Wherein, institute It states powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm in TC4 alloy spherical powder and accounts for 1.7%, 45 μm -180 μm of powder size Powder proportions account for 98%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0.3%.Powder cumulative particle size distribution D10= 62.1 μm, D50=105.4 μm, D90=172.6 μm.Powder flowbility 26.86s/50g.
Secondly, drying powder: about 10kg TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, temperature setting is 100 DEG C, when Between about 5h, until powder is dry complete.
Again, sieve powder and dress powder: the powder after drying is subjected to sieve powder using automatic baking powder device, the powder being sieved is packed into Dust feeder.
Then, LMD shapes: carrying out TC4 Alloy Forming using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment, including uses through cutting Piece treated model data, forming major parameter includes: laser power 1000W, sweep speed 800mm/min, powder feeding rate 7g/min, spot diameter 2mm, thickness 0.9mm, overlapping rate 65%.
Then, destressing heat treatment: drip molding is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out fixation rates, is heated up with furnace To 520 DEG C, 4h is kept the temperature, argon gas is passed through and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature.
Finally, product: product is obtained after destressing heat treatment, through performance test analysis.
The room temperature tensile properties of synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacture TC4 Alloy Forming part: tensile strength 1022MPa, surrender Intensity 913MPa, elongation percentage 13%, the contraction percentage of area 36%.
100 DEG C of high temperature tensile properties: tensile strength 886MPa, yield strength 763MPa, elongation percentage 19%, the contraction percentage of area 50%.
According to foregoing description, the present invention is used prepared by plasma rotating electrode atomization method (without hollow/satellite powder, height Mobility) TC4 alloy powder synchronizes the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing of powder feeding, and consistency is up to 99.5% or more.Through After heat treatment, room temperature tensile properties reach forging standard, and tensile strength is not less than 1020MPa, and yield strength is not less than 910MPa, prolongs Rate is stretched not less than 12%, and the contraction percentage of area is not less than 35%.100 DEG C of high temperature tensile properties are as follows: tensile strength is not less than 880MPa, Yield strength is not less than 760MPa, and elongation percentage is not less than 16%, and the contraction percentage of area is not less than 48%.The present invention uses PREP TC4 The Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of spherical powder is suitable for the fields high added value titaniums such as aerospace, ship, automobile and closes The forming of golden components and the manufacture of structure design integration.
The present invention will be prepared by plasma rotating electrode atomization method by using the laser gain material manufacturing method of synchronous powder feeding system TC4 alloy powder shaped alloys product, especially for large-scale component forming for, high sweep speed, big thickness and Spot diameter greatly improves TC4 Alloy Forming efficiency, reduces the production cycle.
The present invention carries out baking powder operation before forming and is able to maintain powder drying, avoids the mobility made moist by powder to powder It affects, guarantees powder feeding uniformity, while avoiding forming stomata in molten bath because powder dampness is introduced into extra vapor, make At the generation of product forming defects.Impurity is sieved by sieve powder step, avoids introducing new impurity in forming process, it is ensured that Powder size in the range, guarantees the uniformity and convergence property of powder feeding, improves drip molding quality.
The present invention using prepared by plasma rotating electrode atomization method (without hollow/satellite powder, high fluidity) TC4 alloy Powder, vacuum dried case dry powder, and manually or automatically sieving machine sieves powder, increase material system by the Laser Melting Deposition of synchronous powder feeding system It makes, greatly improves forming efficiency, obtain the increasing material manufacturing drip molding of low-porosity, compact structure, consistency reaches 99.2% or more.
For large-scale component forming, high sweep speed, big thickness and spot diameter are greatlyd improve TC4 Alloy Forming efficiency reduces the production cycle.After heat treatment, product room temperature tensile properties reach forging standard, fracture toughness KIC≥80MN/m1.5, 100 DEG C of high temperature fracture toughness KIC≥92MN/m1.5, super forging standard makes that it is suitable for aerospaces, ship The forming of the fields such as oceangoing ship, automobile high added value titanium alloy components and the manufacture of structure design integration.
In conclusion the present invention is using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder with following Advantage:
One, the defects of greatly reducing stomata improves drip molding quality.The PREP TC4 alloy spherical powder that the present invention uses End without hollow powder, can effectively avoid synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacture forming process in because in hollow powder stomata and hole Gap and the defect introduced, ensure that the performance of titanium alloy drip molding, improve the quality of drip molding.
Two, forming accuracy is improved, reduction fusion is bad or does not merge defect.The PREP TC4 alloy spherical that the present invention uses Powder flowbility is good, and substantially without satellite ball, powder size narrow range, powder feeding is not caused by capable of effectively avoiding because of powder flowbility difference Equal problem improves forming efficiency to improve forming accuracy, while powder can all converge to molten bath, shortens forming period, drop Low cost, and avoid merging bad caused by because of powder feeding unevenness or do not merge defect, improve forming quality.
Three, PREP TC4 alloy powder is applied to the laser gain material manufacturing technology of synchronous powder feeding system by the present invention, solves gas The problem of performance deficiency of atomized powder is brought solves forming quality technical problem from raw material, and widens synchronous powder feeding system Laser gain material manufactures the application of powder raw material used.
Four, the present invention provides using PREP TC4 alloy powder synchronize powder feeding laser gain material manufacturing process and at Shape part heat-treatment technology method, availability are able to satisfy the TC4 alloy product of forging standard, are able to satisfy the high-end dress such as aerospace The demand of standby manufacturing field.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these It is merely illustrative of, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not carrying on the back Under the premise of from the principle and substance of the present invention, various changes or modifications can be made to these embodiments, but these are changed Protection scope of the present invention is each fallen with modification.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method using PREP TC4 spherical powder, which is characterized in that the manufacture Method the following steps are included:
Step S1, select plasma rotating electrode atomization method preparation TC4 alloy spherical powder, the TC4 alloy spherical powder Powder size is 45 μm -180 μm；
Step S2, the TC4 alloy spherical powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, according to powder dosage and state, to the TC4 Alloy spherical powder dry powder to being completely dried；
Step S3, using artificial sieve powder or Automatic sieve powder device carry out sieve powder, the powder being sieved is packed into dust feeder；
Step S4, using synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment to the TC4 alloy spherical powder carry out LMD forming；
Step S5, drip molding is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace to progress destressing processing, be warming up to 520 DEG C -590 DEG C with furnace, heat preservation 4h-8h is passed through argon gas and is cooled to 160 DEG C, then blow-on is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step S6, obtain product.
2. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as described in claim 1 It is, the step S1The TC4 alloy spherical powder in powder size be less than or equal to less than or equal to 45 μm of powder proportions 5%, the powder proportions that 45 μm -180 μm of powder size are more than or equal to 90%, and powder size is more than or equal to 180 μm of powder proportions Less than or equal to 5%.
3. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as claimed in claim 2 It is, powder cumulative particle size distribution D10≤70 μm, D50≤120 μm, D90≤180 μm, the stream of the TC4 alloy spherical powder Dynamic property is less than or equal to 27s/50g.
4. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as described in claim 1 It is, the step S2Described in the drying temperature of TC4 alloy spherical powder be set as 100 DEG C -150 DEG C, the time is set as 2h- 8h。
5. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as described in claim 1 It is, the step S3The sieve of 325 mesh and 80 mesh is selected to carry out sieve powder.
6. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as described in claim 1 It is, the step S4Described in synchronous powder feeding system laser gain material manufacturing equipment laser power be 1000-3200W, scan power For 800-1600mm/min, powder feeding rate 7-28g/min, spot diameter 2-6mm, thickness 0.9-2mm, overlapping rate is 30%-70%.
7. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as claimed in claim 3 It is, powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm account for 1.55% in the TC4 alloy spherical powder, 45 μ of powder size M-180 μm of powder proportions account for 98.45%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0%；
D10=59.27 μm, D50=103.7 μm, D90=163.7 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 25s/50g.
8. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as claimed in claim 3 It is, powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm account for 3.9% in the TC4 alloy spherical powder, 45 μm of powder size- 180 μm of powder proportions account for 95.4%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0.7%；
D10=64.3 μm, D50=106.1 μm, D90=171.9 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 24.8s/ 50g。
9. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as claimed in claim 3 It is, powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm account for 2.5% in the TC4 alloy spherical powder, 45 μm of powder size- 180 μm of powder proportions account for 96.7%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0.8%；
D10=69.6 μm, D50=112.4 μm, D90=169.0 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 25.2s/ 50g。
10. using the Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method of PREP TC4 spherical powder, feature as claimed in claim 3 It is, powder proportions of the powder size less than or equal to 45 μm account for 1.7% in the TC4 alloy spherical powder, 45 μm of powder size- 180 μm of powder proportions account for 98%, and powder proportions of the powder size more than or equal to 180 μm account for 0.3%；
D10=62.1 μm, D50=105.4 μm, D90=172.6 μm of powder cumulative particle size distribution.Powder flowbility 26.86s/ 50g。
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Application publication date: 20191018