CN110339819A - A kind of preparation and application of stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation and application of stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110339819A CN110339819A CN201910645813.9A CN201910645813A CN110339819A CN 110339819 A CN110339819 A CN 110339819A CN 201910645813 A CN201910645813 A CN 201910645813A CN 110339819 A CN110339819 A CN 110339819A
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- graphene oxide
- stalk cellulose
- composite material
- cellulose
- stalk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and application of stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material.Made Preparation Method is that stalk cellulose/graphene oxide is compound.The application refers to the application in terms of wastewater treatment comprising following steps: the pH value for adjusting waste water is 2 ~ 8, and the stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material is added, shakes 30 ~ 120min under room temperature, solution is centrifuged, purified waste water is obtained.Adsorbent material provided by the invention, preparation method is simple, and experiment condition is mild, and cost and energy consumption are lower, good to the adsorption effect of heavy metal ion, and waste water treatment efficiency is high, finally reused after the composite material Dissociative adsorption it is high-efficient, it is without secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to adsorbent material technical fields, and in particular to a kind of stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material
Preparation and application.
Background technique
Graphene (G), it is the periodic cellular shape two dimension carbonaceous formed by the carbon atom of sp2 hydridization with hexagonal array
New material, thickness only have 0.335nm.Compared with traditional material, graphene has many unique advantages, as theory compares table
Area is up to 2630m2/ g (being much higher than conventional activated carbon), the high electron mobility of material itself, good chemical stability etc..
However, there is grapheme material piece interlayer strong π-π to interact, surface chemistry torpescence, and grapheme material
Dispersion performance is poor in aqueous solution, is easy to reunite, and causes the available specific surface area in water phase to reduce, affects graphene
The performance of characterization of adsorption limits the extensive use of grapheme material.
A kind of important derivatives of the graphene oxide (GO) as graphene are peeling-off by graphite oxide and are formed
Single-layer or multi-layer graphite has typical quasi- two-dimensional space structure, on its monolithic random distribution a large amount of hydroxyl and epoxy
The carboxyl and carbonyl being distributed on base and monolithic edge, have an excellent bioaffinity, hydrophily and its are easy to chemical modification
Etc. characteristics.On graphene oxide a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups exist for grapheme material provided as a kind of adsorbent it is abundant
Adsorption site.Using the chemical reaction characteristic of oxygen-content active group in graphene oxide, can there are specified chemical and life with a variety of
Physical performance functional molecular carries out covalent reaction.It such as can be by biomolecule or chemical group modification in stone by acylated or esterification
On black alkene；Function of surface can also be carried out to graphene by non-covalent bond modes such as the effect of π-π stacking, ionic bond or hydrogen bonds
Change modification.Correlative study is as the result is shown: the graphene oxide after modification, presents from its chip edge to center hydrophilic to hydrophobic
Characteristic distribution, this makes graphene oxide as generally there are interfaces for interfacial agent, and can reduce the energy between interface.This
With the ion of some anion and metal ion, especially multivalence strong complexing can occur for a little oxygen-containing groups, thus
Reach and efficiently separates, is enriched with the effect of harmful ion in water phase.
A kind of sodium hydroxide/urea aqueous systems, which are disclosed, application No. is 02138772.9 Chinese invention patent prepares crust
The method of element and cellulose intermingling material.
Application No. is 201010126974.6 Chinese invention patents to disclose the side of polyaniline/cellulose composite material
Method.
Application No. is 200310117767.4 Chinese invention patent, to disclose a kind of regenerated cellulose/SiO2 nano combined
The preparation of material.
Application No. is 200410060788.1 Chinese invention patents to disclose a kind of cellulose/TiO2 nanocomposite
Preparation.
Application No. is 200680023296.2 U.S. patent Nos to disclose a kind of cellulose/thermoplastic composite wood
The preparation of material.
Application No. is 201110063663.4 Chinese invention patents to disclose a kind of bacteria cellulose/graphene composite wood
Material, is combined by bacteria cellulose and graphene, and preparation method is that bacteria cellulose is immersed in graphene solution, multiple
Condensation material has certain mechanical performance and electric conductivity, and bacteria cellulose therein will be made by bacterial fermentation.
Application No. is 200910067708.8 Chinese invention patents to disclose a kind of graphene and carbon fibre composite
Preparation method, it is to coat graphite in carbon fiber surface by the method for coating using graphene and carbon fibre material as raw material
Ene coatings are prepared.
A kind of modified graphite alkenyl ferriferrous oxide nano composite material is disclosed in Chinese patent CN103638894A
Preparation method, the disclosure of the invention carry out graphene-based ferriferrous oxide nanometer material using 3- mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane
The modified method for preparing magnetic oxygenated graphene composite material, but the preparation method of this method is needed in N2Protect lower high temperature anti-
It should just can be carried out, and adsorb being limited in scope for heavy metal ion.
One kind is disclosed in Chinese patent CN102826613A with graphite oxide, soluble ferric salt and hydrazine reducing agent as original
The method for expecting to prepare graphene-based ferriferrous oxide nano composite material.But the preparation method of this method needs to carry out under vacuum
It is dry, and the hydrazine hydrate used in air can self-firing and self-explosion, there is strong corrosivity and permeability, risk is larger.
Chinese patent CN 103521191A disclose one kind/titanium dioxide/shell it is poly-/system of graphene oxide composite material
Preparation Method, the slightly aobvious complexity of technology preparation process, and the composite material prepared is too small to the adsorption capacity of heavy metal arsenic, no
To 10mg/g, substantially without application value.
The above patent promotes and applies uneconomical using price graphene costly as raw material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method and application of stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material, to solve
Certainly current preparation method short time consumption length, uneconomical problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that the stalk cellulose/graphene oxide is compound
The preparation method of material, includes the following steps:
Graphite oxide is placed in ultrasonic vibration 30min in deionized water, stalk cellulose is then added, continue ultrasound and is stirred
The solution containing NaOH and urea is added after 10min, continues to stir 10min, obtains stalk cellulose/graphene oxide liquid mixture.
Optionally, in step 1, graphite oxide is prepared using the method for improved Hummer.The improved Hummer
Method for details, reference can be made to Sari, A.；Tuzen,M.Removal of mercury(II)from aqueous solution
using moss(Drepanocladus revolvens)biomass:Equilibrium,thermodynamic and
kinetic studies.J.Hazard.Mater.2009,171(1–3),500-507。
Optionally, in step 1, the feed ratio of graphite oxide and stalk cellulose is 1g:1g, stalk cellulose and contains NaOH
Feed ratio with urea liquid is 1g:10ml.
Optionally, in step 1, the weight ratio of graphite oxide and deionized water is 1:200.
Optionally, in step 1, extra foreign ion in washing removal stalk cellulose/graphene oxide aqueous solution.
Optionally, in step 1, stalk cellulose/graphene oxide liquid mixture and the HNO containing NaCl3 Feed ratio is 1:1.
The present invention also provides application of the above-mentioned stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material in terms of wastewater treatment,
It includes the following steps: that the pH value for adjusting waste water is 2 ~ 8, and the stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material, room temperature is added
30 ~ 120min of lower concussion, solution is centrifuged, purified waste water is obtained.Room temperature can be achieved after shaking 30 ~ 120min in water body
The efficient removal of pollutant.
Optionally, in the 100mL waste water, the additive amount of the stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material is
10mg~150mg。
Optionally, the heavy metal ions in wastewater content is in 200mg/L or less.
Optionally, when adsorbing heavy metal ion, the pH value of waste water is adjusted to 2 ~ 8.
Optionally, the reagent selection nitric acid or sodium hydroxide for adjusting pH value.
Technical solution provided by the invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
(1) stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material prepared is prepared relatively easy, easily operated, is set to experiment
Standby requirement is not also high, and when graphite oxide is prepared using the Hummers after improvement in raw material, the yield height of GO is at low cost.It is other
Material cost it is relatively low, the preparation cost and energy consumption of overall stalk cellulose/graphene oxide are lower；
(2) stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material manufacture craft and adsorption process prepared, green is without secondary dirt
Dye, used material belong to non-toxic or low-toxic material, and operational safety is higher；
(3) stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material prepared has the characteristics that adsorption rate is high, has to heavy metal ion
Good absorption property, especially to some common such as lead Pb2+, cadmium Cd2+Etc. heavy metal ion have good adsorption effect；
(4) stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material prepared has strong anti-interference ability, by interfering in environment
Influence it is smaller, be very suitable to the removal to heavy metals in industrial wastewater ion, industrial prospect is preferable；
(5) stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material prepared has the good renewable ability of recycling, and can lead to
Parsing-recycling and reusing of absorption realization for material is crossed, the utilization rate of material is improved, to reduce use cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material finished figure prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of stalk cellulose prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material SEM figure prepared by embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
In order to make it easy to understand, illustrating stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material preparation side below with reference to embodiment
Method and application, it should be appreciated that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Agents useful for same is commercially available commodity in the embodiment of the present invention.
The preparation of 1 stalk cellulose of embodiment/graphene oxide composite material
(1) 0.5g graphite oxide is added in the deionized water of 100mL and surpasses for the method that graphite oxide uses improved Hummers
Sound oscillation 0.5h.The stalk cellulose of 0.5mL, stirring at normal temperature 10min is then added；It is then added molten containing NaOH and urea
Liquid continues to stir 10min, obtains stalk cellulose/graphene oxide liquid mixture；
(2) stalk cellulose/graphene oxide liquid mixture is freezed into 120min, be added after taking out stirring 10min containing NaCl's
HNO3In, centrifugation products therefrom is repeatedly washed with deionized water, and 50oC vacuum drying, grinding obtain stalk cellulose/graphite oxide
Alkene powdered product.
As shown in Figure 1, stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material of preparation,
As shown in Fig. 2, the stalk fibre cellulosic material of preparation,
As shown in figure 3, graphene oxide is attached on stalk cellulose, show that stalk cellulose/graphene oxide success is compound.
Embodiment 2 is to heavy metal Cd in water2+Removal experiment
Take 100mL, the heavy metal Cd containing 50mg/L2+Solution is placed in the conical flask of 250mL, is adjusted with nitric acid or sodium hydroxide etc.
It saves and stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material prepared by the embodiment 1 of 100mg is added after pH is 8, shake 1h at normal temperature
Afterwards, solution is centrifuged.Supernatant after separation is using ICP-MS to heavy metal Cd remaining in solution2+Ion concentration is examined
It surveys, Cd in solution before testing result and absorption2+After the initial concentration of ion is compared, by be calculated stalk cellulose/
Graphene oxide composite material is to heavy metal Cd2+Adsorption capacity 49.86mg/g.
Embodiment 3 adsorbs heavy metal Cd2+Parsing recycles afterwards
Embodiment 2 adsorbs heavy metal Cd2+Materials'use hydrochloric acid afterwards carries out stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material
Desorption, desorption carry out adsorption experiment again after the completion.Take 100mL, the Cd containing 50mg/L2+Solution is used in the conical flask of 250mL
It is 8 that hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide etc., which adjust pH, and water-bath concussion 1h carries out adsorption experiment at normal temperature, it is adsorbed after 5 parsing-absorption
Ability is 85% or more of initial adsorption ability, shows that material has good regenerability.
In conclusion adsorbent material provided by the invention, preparation method is simple, and experiment condition is mild, cost and energy consumption compared with
Low, good to heavy metal ion adsorbed effect, waste water treatment efficiency is high, finally, recycling simple and convenient without secondary pollution, Dissociative adsorption
After reuse it is high-efficient.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material, which is characterized in that comprising steps of stalk is fine
Dimension element and graphene oxide carry out compound under ultrasound condition.
2. in stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The step detailed process are as follows: graphite oxide is placed in ultrasonic vibration 30min in deionized water, stalk cellulose is then added,
Continue ultrasound and the solution containing NaOH and urea is added after stirring 10min, continues to stir 10min, obtain stalk cellulose/oxidation
Graphene mixed liquor.
3. stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
State step specifically: stalk cellulose/graphene oxide liquid mixture is freezed into 120min, is added and contains after taking-up stirring 10min
The HNO of NaCl3In, centrifugation products therefrom is repeatedly washed with deionized water, and 50oC vacuum drying, grinding obtain stalk cellulose/oxygen
Graphite alkene powdered product.
4. stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
State step specifically: the feed ratio of graphite oxide and stalk cellulose be 1g:1g, stalk cellulose and contain NaOH and urea liquid
Feed ratio be 1g:10ml, the weight ratio of graphite oxide and deionized water is 1:200.
5. stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
State step specifically: stalk cellulose/graphene oxide liquid mixture and the HNO containing NaCl3 Feed ratio is 1:1.
6. application of the stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite material in terms of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 ~ 5,
It is characterized in that, including step are as follows: the pH value for adjusting waste water is 2 ~ 8, and the stalk cellulose/graphene oxide composite wood is added
Expect, 30 ~ 120min is shaken under room temperature, solution is centrifuged, purified waste water is obtained.
7. applying according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the 100mL waste water, the stalk cellulose/oxidation stone
The additive amount of black alkene composite material is 10mg ~ 150mg.
8. applying according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the heavy metal ions in wastewater content is in 200mg/L or less.
9. applying according to claim 8, which is characterized in that when adsorbing heavy metal ion, the pH value of waste water is adjusted to 2 ~
8。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110975827A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-04-10 | 长安大学 | Sodium lignosulfonate/graphene oxide composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113000032A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-06-22 | 长春工业大学 | Preparation method of graphene oxide-biomass composite adsorbent |
| CN115608331A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-17 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method of hemp material for circularly adsorbing heavy metals |
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| CN110975827A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-04-10 | 长安大学 | Sodium lignosulfonate/graphene oxide composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113000032A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-06-22 | 长春工业大学 | Preparation method of graphene oxide-biomass composite adsorbent |
| CN115608331A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-17 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method of hemp material for circularly adsorbing heavy metals |
| CN115608331B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-01-26 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method of China hemp material for circularly adsorbing heavy metals |
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