CN110337070A - A kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA - Google Patents
A kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA, belongs to information technology field.The described method includes: gateway sends the first broadcast message to terminal node, the first broadcast message includes time synchronization information, data acquisition instructions, network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, and gateway distributes time slot according to network node capacity；Terminal node receives the first broadcast message that gateway is sent；Terminal node determines the gap information of first data transmission window according to stored gap information；Terminal node sends data information to gateway according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and first data transmission window；Transmitting is solved using random fashion, conflict can be generated between each terminal node, in the increase of terminal node quantity, the problem of efficiency of transmission sharply declines；Achieve the effect that terminal node will not conflict completely inside the time slot of meter reading, has improved the accuracy rate and efficiency of data transmission.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to information technology field, in particular to a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA.
Background technique
LORA (Long Range Radio, remote-wireless electricity) is a kind of widely used communication skill of internet of things field
Art.TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access, time division multiplexing) time division multiple acess is that the time is divided into the period
Property frame, each frame be sub-partitioned into several time slots to base station send signal.It include three for the network based on LORA technology
A element: terminal node, gateway and background server.Gateway accesses background server by standard IP connection；Eventually
Pass through LORA protocol interaction information between end and gateway.For terminal node, data transmission method is generally as follows:
Terminal node can all closely follow two of short duration downlink reception windows after each uplink, realize transmitted in both directions with this.
Transmission time slot is to be arranged by terminal node when there is transmission to need, and adds certain random delay (i.e. ALOHA agreement).This side
Method requires to apply the downlink transfer that server is carried out within the very short time after terminal node uplink.Server is at other
When between the downlink transfer that carries out all etc. terminals uplink next time.
During realizing the embodiment of the present invention, inventor has found background technique the prior art has at least the following problems: above-mentioned number
It is unsatisfactory according to transmission method in supporting meter (collection copy/copy) application process.More consideration is given to receiving directions for this method
Data transmission namely data downstream: from gateway to node.The above method meets the requirement of Internet of Things/meter in terms of power saving,
But it, which emits, uses random fashion, can generate conflict between each terminal node, when terminal node quantity increases, efficiency of transmission
Sharply decline.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in background technique, the LORA data communication based on TDMA that the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of
Method.The technical solution is as follows:
Gateway sends the first broadcast message to terminal node, and the first broadcast message includes time synchronization information, data acquisition
Instruction, network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, gateway distribute time slot according to network node capacity；
Terminal node receives the first broadcast message that gateway is sent；
Terminal node determines the gap information of first data transmission window according to stored gap information；
Terminal node sends data letter to gateway according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and first data transmission window
Breath.
Optionally, this method further include:
When terminal node be unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal node according to network node capacity and first
The number of terminal nodes of registration calculates the gap information for obtaining the first log-in window；
Unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway according to the gap information of the first log-in window；
Gateway receives registration request, sends confirmation message to unregistered terminal node, carries the first note in confirmation message
The gap information of volume window；
Unregistered terminal node receives confirmation message, sends feedback information to gateway, feedback information carries the first registration
The gap information of window；
Unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of the first log-in window；
Gateway receives feedback information, and gateway is by the time slot of the unique identification of unregistered terminal node and the first log-in window
The corresponding storage of information, completes registration.
Optionally, the gap information of the first log-in window is divided into the first sub-slots, the second sub-slots and third sub-slots, should
Method further include:
Unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway by the first sub-slots；
Gateway receives registration request, sends confirmation message, confirmation letter to unregistered terminal node by the second sub-slots
The gap information of the first log-in window is carried in breath；
Unregistered terminal node receives confirmation message, sends feedback information, feedback letter to gateway by third sub-slots
Breath carries the gap information of the first log-in window；
Gateway receives feedback information.
Optionally, when terminal node is unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal node is according to network node capacity
The gap information for obtaining the first log-in window is calculated with the first registered number of terminal nodes, further includes:
Unregistered terminal node calculates random number；Random number is positive integer, is less than or equal to network node capacity and first
The difference of registered number of terminal nodes；
Unregistered terminal node according to the first registered number of terminal nodes, random number determine the first log-in window when
Gap information.
Optionally, this method further include:
Gateway sends the second broadcast message to terminal node, and the second broadcast message includes time synchronization information, data acquisition
Instruction, network node capacity, the first registered number of terminal nodes and the second registered number of terminal nodes, gateway is according to network
Node capacity distributes time slot；
Terminal node receives the second broadcast message that gateway is sent；
Terminal node determines the gap information of the second data transmission window mouth according to stored gap information；
Terminal node sends data letter to gateway according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and the second data transmission window mouth
Breath.
Optionally, this method further include:
When terminal node be unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal node according to network node capacity, first
The number of terminal nodes of registration and the second registered number of terminal nodes calculate the gap information for obtaining the second log-in window；
Unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway according to the gap information of the second log-in window；
Gateway receives registration request, sends confirmation message to unregistered terminal node, carries the second note in confirmation message
The gap information of volume window；
Unregistered terminal node receives confirmation message, sends feedback information to gateway, feedback information carries the second registration
The gap information of window；
Unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of the second log-in window；
Gateway receives feedback information, and gateway is by the time slot of the unique identification of unregistered terminal node and the second log-in window
The corresponding storage of information, completes registration.
Optionally, the first broadcast message also includes time slot adjustment instruction, this method further include:
Gateway carries time slot adjustment instruction into the first broadcast message that terminal node is sent；
Terminal node receives the first broadcast message, obtains time slot adjustment instruction；
Terminal node adjusts stored gap information according to time slot adjustment instruction；
Terminal node adjusts confirmation message to gateway sending time slots；
Gateway receives time slot and adjusts confirmation message, the unique identification and gap information of corresponding adjustment terminal node.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the benefit that
The first broadcast message is sent to terminal node by gateway, the first broadcast message includes time synchronization information, data
Acquisition instructions, network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, gateway distribute time slot according to network node capacity；Eventually
The first broadcast message that end node reception gateway is sent；Terminal node determines first data transmission according to stored gap information
The gap information of window；Terminal node is sent according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and first data transmission window to gateway
Data information；It solves transmitting and uses random fashion, conflict can be generated between each terminal node, increase in terminal node quantity
When, the problem of efficiency of transmission sharply declines；Achieve the effect that terminal node will not conflict completely inside the time slot of meter reading, has mentioned
The high accuracy rate and efficiency of data transmission.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow of LORA data communications method based on TDMA provided by one embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of method flow for LORA data communications method based on TDMA that another embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the time slot allocation schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the time slot allocation schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 5 is that the time slot that another embodiment of the present invention provides divides schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is a kind of method flow for LORA data communications method based on TDMA that another embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 7 is a kind of method flow for LORA data communications method based on TDMA that another embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 8 is the time slot allocation schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 9 is a kind of method flow for LORA data communications method based on TDMA that another embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；
Figure 10 is a kind of method stream for LORA data communications method based on TDMA that another embodiment of the present invention provides
Cheng Tu；
Figure 11 is the time slot allocation schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Figure 12 is the time slot allocation schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Figure 13 is the time slot allocation schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Figure 14 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of terminal node provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
Referring to FIG. 1, it illustrates a kind of data communication sides LORA based on TDMA provided by one embodiment of the present invention
The method flow diagram of method.The data communications method, comprising:
Step 102, gateway to terminal node send the first broadcast message, the first broadcast message include time synchronization information,
Data acquisition instructions, network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, when gateway is distributed according to network node capacity
Gap；
Step 104, terminal node receives the first broadcast message that gateway is sent；
Step 106, terminal node determines the gap information of first data transmission window according to stored gap information；
Step 108, terminal node is sent out according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and first data transmission window to gateway
Send data information.
In conclusion data communications method provided in this embodiment, sends the first broadcast to terminal node by gateway and believes
Breath, the first broadcast message include time synchronization information, data acquisition instructions, network node capacity and the first registered terminal section
Points, gateway distribute time slot according to network node capacity；Terminal node receives the first broadcast message that gateway is sent；Terminal node
The gap information of first data transmission window is determined according to stored gap information；Terminal node according to data acquisition instructions and
The gap information of first data transmission window sends data information to gateway；Transmitting is solved using random fashion, each terminal
Conflict can be generated between node, when terminal node quantity increases, the problem of efficiency of transmission sharply declines；Terminal node is reached
The effect that will not conflict completely inside the time slot of meter reading improves the accuracy rate and efficiency of data transmission.
Referring to FIG. 2, it illustrates a kind of LORA data communications based on TDMA that another embodiment of the present invention provides
The method flow diagram of method.The data communications method, comprising:
Step 201, gateway to terminal node send the first broadcast message, the first broadcast message include time synchronization information,
Data acquisition instructions, network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, when gateway is distributed according to network node capacity
Gap.
LORA wireless network includes a gateway and several terminal nodes, and terminal node is the terminal applied using meter
Node can be intellectual water meter, intelligent electric meter, intelligent gasometer etc..
Gateway distributes time slot according to network node capacity, for having the network of n terminal node, time slot allocation such as Fig. 3
It is shown:
Beacon is downlink broadcast packet, is the broadcast message that gateway is sent to terminal node.Command1 is data acquisition
Instruction optionally in meter application, can copy for collection or point copies order.Beacon and Command1 is broadcast, all ends
End node can receive.SLOT1 to SLOTn is that uplink acquires data slot, is believed for terminal node to gateway transmission data
Breath, each terminal node are sent in turn；Not having the terminal node of upstream data demand can not send.
Network node capacity is determined according to the period between two Beacon frames.When gateway is distributed according to network node capacity
Gap, for example, network node capacity is n, gateway distributes n time slot: SLOT1, SLOT2, SLOT3 to SLOTn, is used for terminal node
Transmission data are registered.
Optionally, it is defined as uniform time slot between Beacon broadcast frame, preceding 1 time slot Command1 is downlink.Afterwards
The n time slot in face is uplink.It determines when this time slot allocation quantity is networking, is determined by the configuration file of gateway.
First broadcast message includes time synchronization information, for instructing terminal node to carry out timing, all terminal nodes
It will start timing to receive Beacon message.
Step 202, terminal node receives the first broadcast message that gateway is sent.
Step 203, terminal node determines the gap information of first data transmission window according to stored gap information.
Gap information is being locally stored in registration in registered terminal node, and gap information is used for the unique identification end
The time slot of end node, for example be number mark or letter mark.When the registered terminal node receives gateway transmission
When data acquisition instructions, the gap information of its corresponding data transmission window mouth is determined.
Step 204, terminal node is sent out according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and first data transmission window to gateway
Send data information.
For example, the terminal node that gap information is 1, sends data information to gateway in time slot SLOT1；Gap information is 5
Terminal node, time slot SLOT5 to gateway send data information；The terminal node that gap information is 10, in time slot SLOT10
Data information is sent to gateway.
Terminal node is intellectual water meter, then can upload the letters such as total water consumption, water consumption per month, annual water consumption, surplus water
Breath.Terminal node is intelligent electric meter, then can upload the information such as total electricity consumption, moon electricity consumption, annual electricity consumption, remaining capacity.Eventually
End node is intelligent gasometer, then can upload the information such as total gas consumption, moon gas consumption, annual gas consumption, residual gas amount.
Gateway receives the data information that terminal node is sent.
In one network, in addition to registered terminal node, it is also possible to which there are unregistered terminal nodes, when unregistered
Terminal node when receiving the first broadcast message of gateway transmission, obtain the location information of log-in window, activate register flow path,
It is registered, steps are as follows:
Step 205, when terminal node is unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal node is according to network node capacity
The gap information for obtaining the first log-in window is calculated with the first registered number of terminal nodes.
For there is the network of n terminal node, wherein the first registered number of terminal nodes is k, time slot allocation such as Fig. 4
It is shown:
Beacon (k) is downlink broadcast packet, is the broadcast message that gateway is sent to terminal node.Command1 adopts for data
Collection instruction.Network node capacity is n, and gateway distributes n time slot: SLOT1, SLOT2, SLOT3 to SLOTn.First is registered
Number of terminal nodes is k, and time slot SLOT1 to SLOTk is used for transmission data information.Unregistered number of terminal nodes be m, m=n-k,
Time slot SLOTk+1 to SLOTn be log-in window time slot, can mark be, REG2, REG3 to REGm.
Meeting informing network node capacity n and registered number of terminal nodes k, unregistered when Beacon broadcast message
Terminal node by calculate can obtain log-in window be these time slots of k+1 to k+m.
Unregistered terminal node is time slot SLOT k+1 by calculating the gap information of the first log-in window.
Optionally, network node capacity is determined according to the period between two Beacon (k), Beacon (k+m) frame.
Step 206, unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway according to the gap information of the first log-in window.
For example, unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway in time slot SLOT k+1.
Optionally, the unique identification of unregistered terminal node is carried in registration request.
Optionally, when one and only one terminal node sends registration request, uplink conflict is not present.Uplink conflict is
Refer to that multiple terminal nodes send information in same time slot.
Optionally, when there is multiple terminal nodes to send registration request, it is understood that there may be uplink conflict.
Step 207, gateway receives registration request, sends confirmation message to unregistered terminal node, takes in confirmation message
Gap information with the first log-in window.
Optionally, gateway receives registration request, and when uplink conflict not occurring, gateway sends true to unregistered terminal node
Recognize information.
Optionally, the gap information of the first log-in window is distributed to the terminal node by gateway, and is carried in confirmation message
The gap information of one log-in window, so that the terminal node stores the gap information of first log-in window.
Optionally, gateway is that the terminal node redistributes gap information, then carries what this was redistributed in confirmation message
Gap information, so that the terminal node stores the gap information redistributed.
Optionally, the unique identification of unregistered terminal node is carried in confirmation message.
Optionally, when uplink conflict occurring or uplink signal is lost, gateway can not receive normal registration request, should
The gap information of first log-in window fails.
Step 208, unregistered terminal node receives confirmation message, sends feedback information to gateway, feedback information carries
The gap information of first log-in window.
After unregistered terminal section receives confirmation message, feedback information is sent to gateway, acknowledges receipt of the time slot letter of distribution
Breath.Optionally, the unique identification of unregistered terminal node is carried in feedback information.
Step 209, unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of the first log-in window.
Unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of the first log-in window, corresponds to so that the subsequent terminal node determines
Gap information, to gateway transmitting data information.
Step 210, gateway receives feedback information, and the unique identification of unregistered terminal node and first are registered window by gateway
The corresponding storage of the gap information of mouth, completes registration.
The unique identification of unregistered terminal node can be MAC Address, be also possible to other unique marks.
In conclusion data communications method provided in this embodiment, sends the first broadcast to terminal node by gateway and believes
Breath, the first broadcast message include time synchronization information, data acquisition instructions, network node capacity and the first registered terminal section
Points, gateway distribute time slot according to network node capacity；Terminal node receives the first broadcast message that gateway is sent；Terminal node
The gap information of first data transmission window is determined according to stored gap information；Terminal node according to data acquisition instructions and
The gap information of first data transmission window sends data information to gateway；Transmitting is solved using random fashion, each terminal
Conflict can be generated between node, when terminal node quantity increases, the problem of efficiency of transmission sharply declines；Terminal node is reached
The effect that will not conflict completely inside the time slot of meter reading improves the accuracy rate and efficiency of data transmission.
In addition, the number of terminal nodes in network can be with flexible configuration.Unregistered terminal node can by discovery timeslot into
Row registration, has achieved the effect that terminal node independently networks.
Optionally, the slot reservations of data acquisition are 256Bytes, discovery timeslot to the transmission data of each terminal node
Only need to transmit the data of 20bytes or so.To which discovery timeslot acquires time slot compared to data, (Ts) can within the same time
To be further subdivided into three parts, as shown in Figure 5:
The time slot REG SLOT of log-in window is divided into three parts, the first sub-slots REG_REQ, the second sub-slots REG
Confirm and third sub-slots REG_ACK.REG_REQ is the registration request that terminal node issues gateway.REG confirm is
Gateway receives the confirmation message fed back after full request to terminal node.REG_ACK is the feedback that terminal node is sent to gateway
Information.
As shown in fig. 6, the gap information of the first log-in window is divided into the first sub-slots, the second sub-slots and the third period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m
The registration step of gap, unregistered terminal node is as follows:
Step 601, unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway by the first sub-slots.
Step 602, gateway receives registration request, sends confirmation letter to unregistered terminal node by the second sub-slots
It ceases, the gap information of the first log-in window is carried in confirmation message.
Step 603, unregistered terminal node receives confirmation message, sends feedback letter to gateway by third sub-slots
Breath, feedback information carry the gap information of the first log-in window.
Step 604, gateway receives feedback information.
In a specific embodiment, registration request REG_REQ can be sent in terminal node registration process first.Gateway
If receiving registration request, there is no sending confirmation message REG confirm, include in confirmation message when uplink conflict
The time slot of distribution, corresponding terminal node answer feedback information REG_ACK again, acknowledge receipt of the time slot of distribution, and registration is completed.
Gateway stores terminal node address and the corresponding of time slot.
Optionally, when one and only one terminal node sends registration request, uplink conflict is not present.
Optionally, when there is multiple terminal nodes to send registration request, there are uplink conflicts.
Optionally, the first sub-slots REG_REQ can have the possibility of multinode conflict.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, it is unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal node that step 205, which works as terminal node,
The gap information for obtaining the first log-in window is calculated according to network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, is also wrapped
It includes:
Step 701, unregistered terminal node calculates random number；Random number is positive integer, is less than or equal to network node and holds
The difference of amount and the first registered number of terminal nodes.
As shown in figure 8, being avoided using random delay, being done at random by following algorithm to avoid multiple terminals node conflict
Evacuation:
First registered number of terminal nodes is k, and time slot SLOT1 to SLOTk is used for transmission data information.It is unregistered
Number of terminal nodes is m, and m=n-k, time slot SLOTk+1 to SLOTn are the time slot of log-in window, can mark be, REG2,
REG3 to REGm.The calculating of random number R adom between (1to m), the delay that is delayed is with the end of beacon broadcast packet
Point.Ts indicates the duration of time slot, such as 0.01s.Beacon (k/n) is downlink broadcast packet, is that gateway is sent to terminal node
Broadcast message.Command1 is data acquisition instructions.Beacon ((k+x)/n) is the end frame of downlink broadcast packet.Random number is
Random (1:m) is more than or equal to 1, is less than or equal to m.It is delayed delay=Ts* (k+1+Random (1:m)).
Step 702, unregistered terminal node determines the first registration according to the first registered number of terminal nodes, random number
The gap information of window.
Unregistered terminal node, after receiving Beacon broadcast message, it is assumed that currently have registered terminal node k
A, the time slot of log-in window is SLOTk+1, and unregistered terminal node will not be unified in the initiation of time slot SLOTk+1 log-in window
Registration request because can clash in this way, but is avoided from each other by a random delay.
Assuming that the first registered number of terminal nodes k=10, random number 1, be delayed delay=Ts*12.First registration window
The gap information of mouth is the 12nd time slot window, and unregistered terminal node sends registration request by the 12nd time slot window.
It is assumed that only node a time slot SLOTk+1 issue registration request, then by REG_REQ, REG confirm,
REG_ACK tri- back and forth after, node a obtain time slot SLOTk+1.
Wherein REG confirm, REG_ACK carry the mark of SLOTk+1.Node a and gateway all can be accordingly at these
Ground saves the information.
It is assumed that node b, node c send registration request in SLOTk+2 simultaneously, then gateway meeting reception failure, node b, section
Point c can all register it is unsuccessful, waiting register next time.
It is assumed that node d uniquely issues registration request in SLOTk+3, then passing through REG_REQ, REG confirm, REG_
ACK tri- back and forth after, node d obtain time slot SLOTk+2.
Wherein REG confirm, REG_ACK carry the mark of SLOTk+2.Node d and gateway all can be accordingly at these
Ground saves the information.
Between the time slot of these log-in windows of time slot SLOTk+1 to SLOTk+m, it is understood that there may be the terminal section of new registration
Point, to avoid the subsequent conflict of unregistered terminal node, gateway sends broadcast message next time when, new registration will be carried
Number of terminal nodes, such as Fig. 9, steps are as follows:
Step 901, gateway to terminal node send the second broadcast message, the second broadcast message include time synchronization information,
Data acquisition instructions, network node capacity, the first registered number of terminal nodes and the second registered number of terminal nodes, gateway
Time slot is distributed according to network node capacity.
Second registered number of terminal nodes refers to the number of terminal nodes of new registration.
Assuming that the first registered number of terminal nodes is k, the second registered number of terminal nodes is x, unregistered terminal
Node can apply for the registration of in time slot SLOTk+x+1 and subsequent time slot.
Step 902, terminal node receives the second broadcast message that gateway is sent；
Step 903, terminal node determines the gap information of the second data transmission window mouth according to stored gap information；
Step 904, terminal node is sent out according to the gap information of data acquisition instructions and the second data transmission window mouth to gateway
Send data information.
Optionally,
Step 905, when terminal node is unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal node holds according to network node
Amount, the first registered number of terminal nodes and the second registered number of terminal nodes calculate the time slot letter for obtaining the second log-in window
Breath；
Step 906, unregistered terminal node sends registration request to gateway according to the gap information of the second log-in window；
Step 907, gateway receives registration request, sends confirmation message to unregistered terminal node, takes in confirmation message
Gap information with the second log-in window；
Step 908, unregistered terminal node receives confirmation message, sends feedback information to gateway, feedback information carries
The gap information of second log-in window, feedback information carry the gap information of the second log-in window；
Step 909, unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of the second log-in window；
Step 910, gateway receives feedback information, and the unique identification of unregistered terminal node and second are registered window by gateway
The corresponding storage of the gap information of mouth, completes registration.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 is similar with embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, and details are not described herein again.
In conclusion data communications method provided in this embodiment, sends the second broadcast to terminal node by gateway and believes
Breath, the second broadcast message include time synchronization information, data acquisition instructions, network node capacity, the first registered terminal section
Points and the second registered number of terminal nodes, gateway distribute time slot according to network node capacity；Terminal node is according to having stored
Gap information determine the gap information of the second data transmission window mouth；Terminal node is passed according to data acquisition instructions and the second data
The gap information of defeated window sends data information to gateway.When terminal node is unregistered terminal node, unregistered terminal
Node is calculated according to network node capacity, the first registered number of terminal nodes and the second registered number of terminal nodes obtains the
The gap information of two log-in windows；Unregistered terminal node sends to gateway according to the gap information of the second log-in window and registers
Request；Achieve the effect that discovery timeslot and data transmission slots are dynamically adapted.
Optionally, in one network, it is also possible to which there are failed terminals nodes, when the first broadcast message is adjusted comprising time slot
When instruction, network management can delete failed terminals node by time slot adjustment instruction, readjust the time slot of terminal node in network
Information, as shown in Figure 10, steps are as follows:
Step 1001, gateway carries time slot adjustment instruction into the first broadcast message that terminal node is sent.
For there is the network of n terminal node, time slot allocation is as shown in figure 11:
Beacon is downlink broadcast packet, is the broadcast message that gateway is sent to terminal node.Command1 is data acquisition
Instruction.Command2 is time slot adjustment instruction.SLOT1, SLOT2, SLOT3 are that uplink acquires data slot to SLOTn, for eventually
End node is to gateway transmitting data information.
Optionally, time slot adjustment instruction is when gateway can not obtain the data information of failed terminals node, and gateway is deleted
When the unique identification of failed terminals node and corresponding gap information, sent to terminal node.
For example when gateway is copied and put by collection and copies the data that can not all obtain terminal node, determine the terminal node for event
Hinder terminal node, in the unique identification for locally deleting the failed terminals node and corresponding gap information.
Step 1002, terminal node receives the first broadcast message, obtains time slot adjustment instruction.
Optionally, time slot adjustment instruction is for instructing the gap information in associated terminal node to move forward.Forward can guarantee
The continuity of the time slot of the time slot and data transmission window of log-in window, keeps system algorithm conciser.
Step 1003, terminal node adjusts stored gap information according to time slot adjustment instruction.
Optionally, terminal node is according to the stored gap information of time slot adjustment instruction Forward.
Step 1004, terminal node adjusts confirmation message to gateway sending time slots.
Optionally, time slot adjustment confirmation message carries the unique identification of gap information adjusted, terminal node.
Step 1005, gateway receives time slot and adjusts confirmation message, the unique identification and time slot letter of corresponding adjustment terminal node
Breath.
Optionally, when failed terminals node is temporary derangement, or terminal node is accidentally deleted, which can pass through
The time slot of log-in window re-registers, online again.
In conclusion data communications method provided in this embodiment, the registration of terminal node and logout are easy to maintain.Registration
It is automatically performed completely by terminal node and gateway.The logout of terminal node can also be manually operated by network management system and be realized.When
Some node collection, which is copied, and point is copied can not all obtain data, it is believed that node failure；It, can be with to trigger deletion of node operation
Start on-site maintenance.
It should be added that as follows:
When the first broadcast message includes time slot adjustment instruction, for there is the network of n terminal node, wherein first has infused
The number of terminal nodes of volume is k, and time slot allocation is as shown in figure 12:
Beacon is downlink broadcast packet, is the broadcast message that gateway is sent to terminal node.Command1 is data acquisition
Instruction.Command2 is time slot adjustment instruction.Network node capacity is n, and gateway distributes n time slot: SLOT1, SLOT2, SLOT3
To SLOTn.First registered number of terminal nodes is k, and time slot SLOT1 to SLOTk is used for transmission data information.It is unregistered
Number of terminal nodes is m, and m=n-k, time slot SLOTk+1 to SLOTn are the time slot of log-in window, can mark be, REG2,
REG3 to REGm.
Meeting informing network node capacity n and registered number of terminal nodes k, unregistered when Beacon broadcast message
Terminal node by calculate can obtain log-in window be these time slots of k+1 to k+m.
Unregistered terminal node is time slot SLOT k+1 by calculating the gap information of the first log-in window.
Optionally, network node capacity is determined according to the period between two Beacon (k), Beacon (k+m) frame.
Beacon (k+m) is the end frame of downlink broadcast packet.
Optionally, when the first broadcast message includes time slot adjustment instruction, as shown in figure 13, to avoid multiple terminals node from rushing
It is prominent, it is avoided using random delay, random evacuation: random number R adom between (1to m) is done by following algorithm, be delayed
The calculating of delay is using the end of beacon broadcast packet as starting point.Beacon is downlink broadcast packet, is that gateway is sent to terminal node
Broadcast message.Command1 is data acquisition instructions.Command2 is time slot adjustment instruction.
First registered number of terminal nodes is k, and time slot SLOT1 to SLOTk is used for transmission data information.It is unregistered
Number of terminal nodes is m, and m=n-k, time slot SLOTk+1 to SLOTn are the time slot of log-in window, can mark be, REG2,
REG3 to REGm.The calculating of random number R adom between (1to m), the delay that is delayed is with the end of beacon broadcast packet
Point.Ts indicates the duration of time slot, such as 0.01s.Beacon (k/n) is downlink broadcast packet, is that gateway is sent to terminal node
Broadcast message.Command1 is data acquisition instructions.Command2 is time slot adjustment instruction.Beacon ((k+x)/n) is downlink
The end frame of broadcast packet.Random number is Random (1:m), is more than or equal to 1, is less than or equal to m.Be delayed delay=Ts* (k+2+
Random(1:m))。
Assuming that the first registered number of terminal nodes k=10, random number 2, be delayed delay=Ts*12.First registration window
The gap information of mouth is the 14th time slot window, and unregistered terminal node sends registration request by the 14th time slot window.
Figure 14 is please referred to, it illustrates a kind of structural schematic diagrams for terminal node that one embodiment of the present of invention provides.
The terminal node 1400 is used for the data communications method for implementing to provide in above-described embodiment, specifically:
Terminal node 1400 may include RF (Radio Frequency, radio frequency) circuit 1410, include one or one
Memory 1420, input unit 1430, display unit 1440, the sensor 1450, audio of the above computer readable storage medium
Circuit 1460, short range wireless transmission module 1470, the processor 1480 for including one or more than one processing core, with
And the equal components of power supply 1490.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that terminal node structure shown in Figure 14 was not constituted to end
The restriction of end node may include perhaps combining certain components or different component cloth than illustrating more or fewer components
It sets.Wherein:
RF circuit 1410 can be used for receiving and sending messages or communication process in, signal sends and receivees, particularly, by base station
After downlink information receives, one or the processing of more than one processor 1480 are transferred to；In addition, the data for being related to uplink are sent to
Base station.In general, RF circuit 1410 include but is not limited to antenna, at least one amplifier, tuner, one or more oscillator,
It is subscriber identity module (SIM) card, transceiver, coupler, LNA (Low Noise Amplifier, low-noise amplifier), double
Work device etc..In addition, RF circuit 1410 can also be communicated with network and other equipment by wireless communication.Wireless communication can be used
Any communication standard or agreement, including but not limited to GSM (Global System of Mobile communication, the whole world
Mobile communcations system), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, general packet radio service), CDMA (Code
Division Multiple Access, CDMA), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple
Access, wideband code division multiple access), LTE (Long Term Evolution, long term evolution), Email, SMS (Short
Messaging Service, short message service) etc..Memory 1420 can be used for storing software program and module, for example, depositing
Reservoir 1420 can be used for storing preset time list, can be also used for the software program of storage acquisition voice signal, realizes and close
The software program of keyword identification, the software program for realizing continuous speech recognition and the software program for realizing setting prompting item,
It can be also used for storage wireless access point and the binding relationship of user account etc..Processor 1480 is stored in storage by operation
The software program and module of device 1420, thereby executing various function application and data processing.Memory 1420 can be wrapped mainly
Include storing program area and storage data area, wherein storing program area can application needed for storage program area, at least one function
Program (such as sound-playing function, image player function etc.) etc.；Storage data area can be stored to be made according to terminal node 1400
With the data (such as audio data, phone directory etc.) etc. created.In addition, memory 1420 may include that high random access is deposited
Reservoir can also include nonvolatile memory, for example, at least a disk memory, flush memory device or other volatibility
Solid-state memory.Correspondingly, memory 1420 can also include Memory Controller, single to provide processor 1480 and input
The access of first 1430 pairs of memories 1420.
Input unit 1430 can be used for receiving the number or character information of input, and generate and user setting and function
Control related keyboard, mouse, operating stick, optics or trackball signal input.Specifically, input unit 1430 may include touching
Sensitive surfaces 1431 and other input equipments 1432.Touch sensitive surface 1431, also referred to as touch display screen or Trackpad collect
User on it or nearby touch operation (such as user using any suitable object or attachment such as finger, stylus touch-sensitive
Operation on surface 1431 or near touch sensitive surface 1431), and corresponding attachment device is driven according to preset formula.
Optionally, touch sensitive surface 1431 may include both touch detecting apparatus and touch controller.Wherein, touch detecting apparatus is examined
The touch orientation of user is surveyed, and detects touch operation bring signal, transmits a signal to touch controller；Touch controller from
Touch information is received on touch detecting apparatus, and is converted into contact coordinate, then gives processor 1480, and can reception processing
Order that device 1480 is sent simultaneously is executed.Furthermore, it is possible to more using resistance-type, condenser type, infrared ray and surface acoustic wave etc.
Seed type realizes touch sensitive surface 1431.In addition to touch sensitive surface 1431, input unit 1430 can also include other input equipments
1432.Specifically, other input equipments 1432 can include but is not limited to physical keyboard, function key (such as volume control button,
Switch key etc.), trace ball, mouse, one of operating stick etc. or a variety of.
Display unit 1440 can be used for showing information input by user or the information and terminal node that are supplied to user
1400 various graphical user interface, these graphical user interface can be by figure, text, icon, video and any combination thereof
To constitute.Display unit 1440 may include display panel 1441, optionally, can use LCD (Liquid Crystal
Display, liquid crystal display), the forms such as OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, Organic Light Emitting Diode) come
Configure display panel 1441.Further, touch sensitive surface 1431 can be covered on display panel 1441, when touch sensitive surface 1431
After detecting touch operation on it or nearby, processor 1480 is sent to determine the type of touch event, is followed by subsequent processing
Device 1480 provides corresponding visual output according to the type of touch event on display panel 1441.Although touch-sensitive in Figure 14
Surface 1431 and display panel 1441 are to realize input and input function as two independent components, but in certain implementations
In example, touch sensitive surface 1431 and display panel 1441 can be integrated and realize and output and input function.
Terminal node 1400 may also include at least one sensor 1450, for example, optical sensor, motion sensor and its
His sensor.Specifically, optical sensor may include ambient light sensor and proximity sensor, wherein ambient light sensor can root
The brightness of display panel 1441 is adjusted according to the light and shade of ambient light, proximity sensor can be moved in one's ear in terminal node 1400
When, close display panel 1441 and/or backlight.As a kind of motion sensor, gravity accelerometer can detect each
The size of (generally three axis) acceleration, can detect that size and the direction of gravity, can be used to identify mobile phone on direction when static
The application (such as horizontal/vertical screen switching, dependent game, magnetometer pose calibrating) of posture, (such as the step counting of Vibration identification correlation function
Device, percussion) etc.；Gyroscope, barometer, hygrometer, thermometer, the infrared sensor that can also configure as terminal node 1400
Etc. other sensors, details are not described herein.
Voicefrequency circuit 1460, loudspeaker 1461, microphone 1462 can provide the audio between user and terminal node 1400
Interface.Electric signal after the audio data received conversion can be transferred to loudspeaker 1461, by loudspeaker by voicefrequency circuit 1460
1461 are converted to voice signal output；On the other hand, the voice signal of collection is converted to electric signal by microphone 1462, by audio
Circuit 1460 is converted to audio data after receiving, then by after the processing of audio data output processor 1480, through RF circuit 1410 with
It is sent to another terminal node, or audio data is exported to memory 1420 to be further processed.Voicefrequency circuit 1460
Earphone jack is also possible that, to provide the communication of peripheral hardware earphone Yu terminal node 1400.
Short range wireless transmission module 1470 can be WIFI (wireless fidelity, Wireless Fidelity) module or
Bluetooth module etc..Terminal node 1400 can help user send and receive e-mail, is clear by short range wireless transmission module 1470
Look at webpage and access streaming video etc., it provides wireless broadband internet for user and accesses.
Processor 1480 is the control centre of terminal node 1400, utilizes various interfaces and the entire terminal node of connection
Various pieces, by running or execute the software program and/or module that are stored in memory 1420, and call and be stored in
Data in memory 1420 execute the various functions and processing data of terminal node 1400, to carry out to terminal node whole
Body monitoring.Optionally, processor 1480 may include one or more processing cores；Optionally, processor 1480 can integrate application
Processor and modem processor, wherein the main processing operation system of application processor, user interface and application program etc.,
Modem processor mainly handles wireless communication.It is understood that above-mentioned modem processor can not also be integrated into
In processor 1480.
Terminal node 1400 further includes the power supply 1490 (such as battery) powered to all parts, it is preferred that power supply can be with
It is logically contiguous by power-supply management system and processor 1480, thus by power-supply management system realize management charging, electric discharge, with
And the functions such as power managed.Power supply 1490 can also include one or more direct current or AC power source, recharging system,
The random components such as power failure detection circuit, power adapter or inverter, power supply status indicator.
Although being not shown, terminal node 1400 can also include camera, bluetooth module etc., and details are not described herein.
Terminal node 1400 further include have memory and one perhaps more than one program one of them or one
A procedure above is stored in memory, and is configured to execute any of the above-described embodiment by one or more than one processor
The data communications method.
It should be added that in another embodiment, terminal node may include more more or less than Figure 14
Component, combine certain components or different component layouts, perhaps to realize all or part of function.
In addition, being also implemented as the computer program executed by CPU, the computer program according to the method for the present invention
It may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.When the computer program is executed by CPU, executes and limited in method of the invention
Fixed above-mentioned function.
The serial number of the above embodiments of the invention is only for description, does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing that all or part of the steps of above-described embodiment can pass through hardware
It completes, relevant hardware can also be instructed to complete by program, the program can store in a kind of computer-readable
In storage medium, storage medium mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk or CD etc..
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Gateway sends the first broadcast message to terminal node, and first broadcast message includes time synchronization information, data acquisition
Instruction, network node capacity and the first registered number of terminal nodes, when the gateway is distributed according to the network node capacity
Gap；
The terminal node receives first broadcast message that the gateway is sent；
The terminal node determines the gap information of first data transmission window according to stored gap information；
The terminal node is according to the gap information of the data acquisition instructions and the first data transmission window to the net
It closes and sends data information.
2. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method is also
Include:
When the terminal node is unregistered terminal node, the unregistered terminal node is according to the network node capacity
The gap information for obtaining the first log-in window is calculated with the described first registered number of terminal nodes；
The unregistered terminal node sends registration request to the gateway according to the gap information of first log-in window；
The gateway receives the registration request, sends confirmation message, the confirmation message to the unregistered terminal node
The middle gap information for carrying first log-in window；
The unregistered terminal node receives the confirmation message, and Xiang Suoshu gateway sends feedback information, the feedback information
Carry the gap information of first log-in window；
The unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of first log-in window；
The gateway receives the feedback information, and the gateway is by the unique identification of the unregistered terminal node and described the
The corresponding storage of the gap information of one log-in window, completes registration.
3. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first note
The gap information of volume window is divided into the first sub-slots, the second sub-slots and third sub-slots, the method also includes:
The unregistered terminal node sends registration request to the gateway by first sub-slots；
The gateway receives the registration request, sends confirmation to the unregistered terminal node by second sub-slots
Information carries the gap information of first log-in window in the confirmation message；
The unregistered terminal node receives the confirmation message, is sent and is fed back to the gateway by the third sub-slots
Information, the feedback information carry the gap information of first log-in window；
The gateway receives the feedback information.
4. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that described to work as
The terminal node is unregistered terminal node, and the unregistered terminal node is according to the network node capacity and described
First registered number of terminal nodes calculates the gap information for obtaining the first log-in window, further includes:
The unregistered terminal node calculates random number；The random number is positive integer, is less than or equal to the network node and holds
The difference of amount and the first registered number of terminal nodes；
The unregistered terminal node determines the first registration according to the described first registered number of terminal nodes, the random number
The gap information of window.
5. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the method is also
Include:
The gateway to the terminal node send the second broadcast message, second broadcast message include time synchronization information,
Data acquisition instructions, network node capacity, the first registered number of terminal nodes and the second registered number of terminal nodes, it is described
Gateway distributes the time slot according to the network node capacity；
The terminal node receives second broadcast message that the gateway is sent；
The terminal node determines the gap information of the second data transmission window mouth according to stored gap information；
The terminal node is according to the gap information of the data acquisition instructions and the second data transmission window mouth to the net
It closes and sends data information.
6. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the method is also
Include:
When the terminal node is unregistered terminal node, the unregistered terminal node holds according to the network node
Amount, the first registered number of terminal nodes and the second registered number of terminal nodes calculate and obtain the second log-in window
Gap information；
The unregistered terminal node sends registration request to the gateway according to the gap information of second log-in window；
The gateway receives the registration request, sends confirmation message, the confirmation message to the unregistered terminal node
The middle gap information for carrying second log-in window；
The unregistered terminal node receives the confirmation message, and Xiang Suoshu gateway sends feedback information, the feedback information
Carry the gap information of second log-in window；
The unregistered terminal node stores the gap information of second log-in window；
The gateway receives the feedback information, and the gateway is by the unique identification of the unregistered terminal node and described the
The corresponding storage of the gap information of two log-in windows, completes registration.
7. a kind of LORA data communications method based on TDMA according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the first broadcast message also includes time slot adjustment instruction, the method also includes:
The gateway carries time slot adjustment instruction into the first broadcast message that the terminal node is sent；
The terminal node receives first broadcast message, obtains the time slot adjustment instruction；
The terminal node adjusts stored gap information according to the time slot adjustment instruction；
The terminal node adjusts confirmation message to the gateway sending time slots；
The gateway receives the time slot and adjusts confirmation message, the corresponding unique identification for adjusting the terminal node and time slot letter
Breath.
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Application publication date: 20191015 |