CN110334933A - A kind of virtual plant operation risk countermeasure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of virtual plant operation risk countermeasures.Consider that the multinomial risk faced in virtual plant actual motion, including uneven energy punishment risk, abandonment abandon light punishment risk, the unqualified risk of frequency modulation performance and frequency modulation compensation and reduce risks；Operation plan optimization problem model before hour is established, the operation basic point and frequency modulation spare capacity of distributed energy and demand response load are adjusted, reduce virtual plant or polymerize the operating cost of quotient.The present invention solves the problems such as risks such as new energy uncertainty and prediction error are affected to virtual plant or polymerization quotient's operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the virtual plant technical fields of electric system, in particular to a kind of virtual plant operation risk is answered
To method.
Background technique
The problems such as in order to alleviate fossil energy crisis and corresponding environmental pollution and climatic deterioration, in recent years more and more
Renewable energy in a distributed manner resource form access power grid.However, distributed resource often has capacity small and uncertain
The features such as strong, often there are problems that on the electricity market of many countries access, convenience and in terms of.Virtually
Power plant's technology cooperates with participation frequency modulation market with energy-storage battery by polymerizeing distributed energy, and various types distribution is made full use of to provide
The advantage in source is a kind of effective means to solve the above problems.
Under the frequency modulation mechanism based on performance compensation, frequency modulation performance is a crucial ginseng for realizing virtual electric profit maximization
Number.Prior art considers generating set or load side resource and provides the performance of frequency modulation ancillary service, and as
One important evidence of optimization of operation strategy.However, the frequency modulation performance computation model in existing operation reserve is not examined synthetically
Consider virtual plant the influence to frequency modulation performance of Bidding Strategiess and new energy uncertainty, i.e. the frequency modulation performance of virtual plant has
The risks such as punishment that may be too low and by system operator or frequency modulation compensation reduction.In addition, in existing research and method,
Uneven energy and abandonment are often abandoned light risk etc. individually to consider, interactional pass between multinomial operation risk cannot be characterized
System.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical issues of above-mentioned background technique is mentioned, the invention proposes a kind of virtual plant operation risks to answer
To method.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of virtual plant operation risk countermeasure, it is characterised in that: faced in consideration virtual plant actual motion
Multinomial risk, including uneven energy punishment risk, abandonment abandon light punishment risk, the unqualified risk of frequency modulation performance and frequency modulation compensation
Reduce risks；Operation plan optimization problem model before hour is established, the operation base of distributed energy and demand response load is adjusted
Point and frequency modulation spare capacity reduce virtual plant or polymerize the operating cost of quotient.
Further, the objective function of operation plan optimization problem model is as follows before the hour:
Min C=Cub+Cub_p+Cng_p-Revenuerg
In above formula, C is objective function；CubIndicate that virtual plant buys the cost of uneven electricity in this hour；Cub_pTable
Show the economic punishment that virtual plant is subject in this hour by uneven electricity；Cng_pIndicate virtual plant in the hour because abandonment is abandoned
The administrative punishment that light is subject to；RevenuergIndicate the economic compensation that virtual plant is obtained because providing frequency modulation ancillary service；
Wherein:
In above formula, λubThe unit cost for indicating the uneven electricity in this hour, is known quantity or premeasuring, is the optimization problem
Input parameter；PiIt indicates the generation schedule of this hour distributed energy i, i.e. energy basic point, is decision variable；NdgIndicate virtual
The quantity of distributed energy in power plant；PngIt indicates the generated output of new energy in this hour, i.e. energy basic point, is decision variable；L
It indicates this hour load, is premeasuring, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；PbaselineIndicate control centre to virtual plant
This hour operation plan of publication, i.e. the energy basic point of virtual plant are known quantity, are the input parameters of the optimization problem；
λub_pThe unit penalty price for indicating the uneven electricity in this hour, is known quantity, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；λng_pTable
Show that the unit penalty price of light is abandoned in abandonment in this hour, is known quantity, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；Indicate the hour
The peak power output of new energy is premeasuring, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；λrgIndicate the spare auxiliary of this hour frequency modulation
The unit compensation of service is known quantity or premeasuring, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；The frequency modulation of K expression virtual plant
Energy；NdrIndicate the quantity of frequency modulation demand response in virtual plant；RiIndicate the frequency modulation spare capacity of this hour distributed energy i,
For decision variable；RjIt indicates this hour frequency modulation demand response unit or polymerize the frequency modulation spare capacity of quotient i, be decision variable.
Further, the calculation method of the frequency modulation performance K of the virtual plant is as follows:
K=ASD+B·SC+C·SP
dmax=argmax (σ (d))
In above formula, SD、SCAnd SPRespectively indicate delay score, relevance scores and the essence of composition virtual plant frequency modulation performance
Exactness score, A, B and C are respectively the weighted average coefficients of three；N indicates sampled point in the statistical time range of precision score
Number, sampling periods 300s, every 10s sampling is primary, therefore N is 30；Y (t) indicates that virtual plant is responded in the practical frequency modulation of t moment
Power, value are the difference of actual power and energy basic point；X (t) indicates to automatically control the FM signal that power generation center issues；
Indicate being averaged for the absolute value for the FM signal x (t) that virtual plant receives；D indicates tune of the virtual plant in statistical time range
When frequency response answers sample sequence and virtual plant to receive to automatically control the FM signal sample sequence that power generation center issues and differ d
Between section；WithRespectively frequency modulation response sample sequence with FM signal sample sequence being averaged in the sampling time section of 300s
Value.
Further, the constraint condition of operation plan optimization problem model includes following distributed energy before the hour
Operation constraint:
Pi min≤Pi≤Pi max
Pi+Ri≤Pi max
Pi min≤Pi-Ri
In above formula, Pi minAnd Pi maxThe minimum operation power of respectively distributed power generation unit i and maximum operation power.
Further, before the hour constraint condition of operation plan optimization problem model include following climbing rate about
Beam；
Pi,h-Pi,h-1< Ui,Pi,h> Pi,h-1
Pi,h-Pi,h-1< Di,Pi,h< Pi,h-1
In above formula, Pi,hWith Pi,h-1Distributed power generation unit i is respectively indicated in the energy basic point of h and h-1 moment, Pi,hFor certainly
Plan variable, Pi,h-1For known quantity；UiAnd DiMaximum climbing in the case of respectively indicating two kinds in distributed power generation unit i mono- hour
Rate.
Further, before the hour constraint condition of operation plan optimization problem model include following frequency modulation performance about
Beam:
K≥Kmin
In above formula, KminIndicate the minimum frequency modulation performance of defined frequency modulation unit in PJM market rules.
By adopting the above technical scheme bring the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention has comprehensively considered imbalance energy punishment risk present in virtual plant operation, light punishment wind is abandoned in abandonment
Danger, the unqualified risk of frequency modulation performance and frequency modulation compensation are reduced risks, and corresponding virtual plant operation reserve is formulated, and are being guaranteed virtually
On the basis of power plant or polymerization quotient meet the power demand of internal load, by readjusting distributed energy and demand response load
Operation basic point and frequency modulation spare capacity, realize virtual plant or polymerize quotient economic benefit optimization (i.e. operating cost reduction)
Effect, solve that new energy is uncertain and the risks such as prediction error be affected to virtual plant or polymerization quotient's operating cost
The problems such as.
Specific embodiment
The present invention devises a kind of virtual plant operation risk countermeasure, faces in consideration virtual plant actual motion
Risk establishes operation plan optimization problem model before hour, to reduce virtual plant or polymerize the operating cost of quotient.
Real time execution risk:
Refer in the present invention uneven energy punishment risk, abandonment abandon light punishment risk, the unqualified risk of frequency modulation performance and
Frequency modulation compensation is reduced risks.
Operation plan before hour:
Refer to two aspects of operation basic point and frequency modulation spare capacity of distributed energy and demand response load in the present invention.
The mathematical model of operation plan optimization problem is as follows before hour:
(1) objective function
The optimization aim of operation plan optimization problem is to minimize the virtual plant operating cost of this hour before hour.Virtually
The operating cost of power plant mainly includes four parts: first part is cost of the virtual plant in the uneven electricity of this hour purchase；
Second part is the economic punishment that virtual plant is subject in this hour by uneven electricity；Part III is that virtual plant is small at this
When abandon the administrative punishment that is subject to of light because of abandonment；Part IV is negative cost, indicates virtual plant due to providing frequency modulation ancillary service
The economic compensation of acquisition.Shown in the objective function of the optimization problem such as formula (1):
Min C=Cub+Cub_p+Cng_p-Revenuerg (1)
Wherein, CubIndicate that virtual plant buys the cost of uneven electricity in this hour；Cub_pIndicate virtual plant at this
The economic punishment that hour is subject to by uneven electricity；Cng_pIndicate that virtual plant is abandoned the administration that light is subject to because of abandonment in this hour and punished
It penalizes；RevenuergIndicate the economic compensation that virtual plant is obtained because providing frequency modulation ancillary service；The expression of each section
As shown in formula (2) to (5):
Wherein, the λ in formula (2)ubThe unit cost for indicating the uneven electricity in this hour, is known quantity or premeasuring, is this
The input parameter of problem；PiIt indicates the generation schedule of this hour distributed energy i, i.e. energy basic point, is decision variable；NdgIt indicates
The quantity of distributed energy in virtual plant；PngIt indicates the generated output of new energy in this hour, i.e. energy basic point, becomes for decision
Amount；L indicates this hour load, is premeasuring, is the input parameter of the problem；PbaselineIndicate control centre to virtual plant
This hour operation plan of publication, i.e. the energy basic point of virtual plant are known quantity, are the input parameters of the problem；In formula (3)
λub_pThe unit penalty price for indicating the uneven electricity in this hour, is known quantity, is the input parameter of the problem；In formula (4)
λng_pIt indicates that the unit penalty price of light is abandoned in abandonment in this hour, is known quantity, is the input parameter of the problem；Indicating should
The peak power output of hour new energy, is premeasuring, is the input parameter of the problem；λ in formula (5)rgIndicate that this hour is adjusted
The unit compensation of frequency Reserve Ancillary Service is known quantity or premeasuring, is the input parameter of the problem；K indicates virtual plant
Frequency modulation performance, calculation formula are shown in formula (6) to (11)；NdrIndicate the quantity of frequency modulation demand response in virtual plant；RiIndicate that this is small
When distributed energy i frequency modulation spare capacity, be decision variable；RjIndicate this hour frequency modulation demand response unit or polymerization quotient i
Frequency modulation spare capacity, be decision variable.Virtual plant frequency modulation performance calculation formula is shown below:
K=ASD+B·SC+C·SP (6)
dmax=argmax (σ (d)) (10)
Wherein, formula (6) indicates virtual plant frequency modulation performance calculation formula；SD、SCAnd SPRespectively indicate composition virtual plant tune
Delay score, relevance scores and the precision score of frequency performance；A, B and C is respectively the weighted average coefficients of three；Formula (7)
Indicate the calculation formula of precision score；N indicates number of sampling points in the statistical time range of precision score, and sampling periods are
300s, every 10s sampling is primary, therefore N is 30；Y (t) indicates virtual plant in the practical frequency modulation responding power of t moment, and value is real
The difference of border power and energy basic point；It indicates that virtual plant receives and automatically controls the FM signal x (t) that power generation center issues
Absolute value be averaged；Formula (8) indicates that frequency modulation response sample sequence and virtual plant of the virtual plant in statistical time range receive
The FM signal sample sequence issued to automatic control power generation center differs the related coefficient after d period；WithRespectively
Frequency modulation response sample sequence and average value of the FM signal sample sequence in the sampling time section of 300s；Formula (9) indicates related
The calculation formula of property score, the maximum value that can be got for formula (8)；Formula (10) indicates that the d for the maximum value that formula (8) are got is taken as
dmax；Formula (11) indicates the calculation formula of delay score.
(2) constraint condition
The constraint condition of operation plan optimization problem includes following part before hour:
1. distributed energy operation constraint
Pi min≤Pi≤Pi max (12)
Pi+Ri≤Pi max (13)
Pi min≤Pi-Ri (14)
Wherein, formula (12) indicates the operation power constraint of distributed energy；Pi minAnd Pi maxRespectively distributed power generation unit
The minimum operation power of i and maximum operation power；Formula (13) and formula (14) indicate that the frequency modulation spare capacity of distributed energy constrains.
2. power-balance constraint
It is considered in the present invention for the imbalance power of virtual plant in the form punished, therefore not for virtual plant
There are the power-balance constraints of general significance.
3. climbing rate constrains
Pi,h-Pi,h-1< Ui,Pi,h> Pi,h-1 (15)
Pi,h-Pi,h-1< Di,Pi,h< Pi,h-1 (16)
Wherein, formula (15) and formula (16) indicate that the climbing rate of distributed power generation unit i constrains；Pi,hWith Pi,h-1It respectively indicates
Distributed power generation unit i is in the energy basic point of h and h-1 moment, the former is decision variable, and the latter is known quantity；UiWith DiTable respectively
Show the maximum climbing rate in distributed power generation unit i mono- hour.
4. frequency modulation performance constrains
Under mature frequency modulation market mechanism or frequency modulation compensation mechanism, in PJM frequency modulation market rules, frequency modulation auxiliary clothes are provided
The main body of business, frequency modulation performance cannot be below certain value, otherwise will not be admitted into market or in corresponding mechanism by serious
Punishment, therefore the frequency modulation performance of virtual plant should be greater than defined access value:
K≥Kmin (17)
Wherein, KminIt indicates the minimum frequency modulation performance of defined frequency modulation unit in PJM market rules, is 0.75.
According to above content, implementation process of the invention is as follows:
The first step, real time execution for a period of time before, distributed energy and demand response resource in virtual plant are to void
Quasi- power plant's Energy Management System submits current operating conditions information.
Second step, operation plan optimizes program before the hour that virtual plant runs real time execution risk, solves distributed energy
The operation basic point and frequency modulation spare capacity of source and demand response load, and it is handed down to the distributed energy in virtual plant and demand
Resource response.
Embodiment is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, it is all according to
Technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme are fallen within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of virtual plant operation risk countermeasure, it is characterised in that: consider to face in virtual plant actual motion more
Item risk, including uneven energy punishment risk, abandonment are abandoned light punishment risk, the unqualified risk of frequency modulation performance and frequency modulation compensation and are subtracted
Few risk；Operation plan optimization problem model before hour is established, the operation basic point of distributed energy and demand response load is adjusted
With frequency modulation spare capacity, reduces virtual plant or polymerize the operating cost of quotient.
2. virtual plant operation risk countermeasure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: operation plan before the hour
The objective function of optimization problem model is as follows:
MinC=Cub+Cub_p+Cng_p-Revenuerg
In above formula, C is objective function；CubIndicate that virtual plant buys the cost of uneven electricity in this hour；Cub_pIndicate empty
The economic punishment that quasi- power plant is subject in this hour by uneven electricity；Cng_pIndicate virtual plant the hour because abandonment abandon light by
The administrative punishment arrived；RevenuergIndicate the economic compensation that virtual plant is obtained because providing frequency modulation ancillary service；
Wherein:
In above formula, λubThe unit cost for indicating the uneven electricity in this hour, is known quantity or premeasuring, is the defeated of the optimization problem
Enter parameter；PiIt indicates the generation schedule of this hour distributed energy i, i.e. energy basic point, is decision variable；NdgIndicate virtual plant
The quantity of interior distributed energy；PngIt indicates the generated output of new energy in this hour, i.e. energy basic point, is decision variable；L is indicated
This hour load is premeasuring, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；PbaselineIndicate that control centre is issued to virtual plant
This hour operation plan, i.e. the energy basic point of virtual plant is known quantity, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；λub_pTable
The unit penalty price for showing the uneven electricity in this hour, is known quantity, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；λng_pIndicate that this is small
When abandonment abandon light unit penalty price, be known quantity, be the input parameter of the optimization problem；Indicate this hour new energy
Peak power output, be premeasuring, be the input parameter of the optimization problem；λrgIndicate this hour frequency modulation Reserve Ancillary Service
Unit compensation is known quantity or premeasuring, is the input parameter of the optimization problem；The frequency modulation performance of K expression virtual plant；NdrTable
Show the quantity of frequency modulation demand response in virtual plant；RiIt indicates the frequency modulation spare capacity of this hour distributed energy i, becomes for decision
Amount；RjIt indicates this hour frequency modulation demand response unit or polymerize the frequency modulation spare capacity of quotient i, be decision variable.
3. virtual plant operation risk countermeasure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the frequency modulation of the virtual plant
The calculation method of performance K is as follows:
K=ASD+B·SC+C·SP
dmax=arg max (σ (d))
In above formula, SD、SCAnd SPRespectively indicate delay score, relevance scores and the accuracy of composition virtual plant frequency modulation performance
Score, A, B and C are respectively the weighted average coefficients of three；N indicates number of sampling points in the statistical time range of precision score, adopts
The sample period is 300s, and every 10s sampling is primary, therefore N is 30；Y (t) indicate virtual plant t moment practical frequency modulation responding power,
Its value is the difference of actual power and energy basic point；X (t) indicates to automatically control the FM signal that power generation center issues；It indicates
The absolute value for the FM signal x (t) that virtual plant receives is averaged；D indicates that frequency modulation of the virtual plant in statistical time range is rung
It answers sample sequence to receive the FM signal sample sequence that automatic control power generation center issues with virtual plant and differs d time
Section；WithRespectively frequency modulation response sample sequence and average value of the FM signal sample sequence in the sampling time section of 300s.
4. virtual plant operation risk countermeasure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: operation plan before the hour
The constraint condition of optimization problem model includes following distributed energy operation constraint:
Pi min≤Pi≤Pi max
Pi+Ri≤Pi max
Pi min≤Pi-Ri
In above formula, Pi minAnd Pi maxThe minimum operation power of respectively distributed power generation unit i and maximum operation power.
5. virtual plant operation risk countermeasure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: operation plan before the hour
The constraint condition of optimization problem model includes following climbing rate constraint；
Pi,h-Pi,h-1< Ui,Pi,h> Pi,h-1
Pi,h-Pi,h-1< Di,Pi,h< Pi,h-1
In above formula, Pi,hWith Pi,h-1Distributed power generation unit i is respectively indicated in the energy basic point of h and h-1 moment, Pi,hFor decision change
Amount, Pi,h-1For known quantity；UiAnd DiMaximum climbing rate in the case of respectively indicating two kinds in distributed power generation unit i mono- hour.
6. virtual plant operation risk countermeasure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: operation plan before the hour
The constraint condition of optimization problem model includes following frequency modulation performance constraint:
K≥Kmin
In above formula, KminIndicate the minimum frequency modulation performance of defined frequency modulation unit in PJM market rules.
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