CN110334884B - Electric-thermal combined scheduling method for improving wind power consumption capability of regional power grid - Google Patents
Electric-thermal combined scheduling method for improving wind power consumption capability of regional power grid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electricity-heat combined dispatching method for improving wind power consumption capability of a regional power grid. According to the invention, the constraint of 'fixing the power with the heat' of the cogeneration unit is decoupled by adding the heat storage electric boiler, the wind power consumption capability of a regional power grid is improved, the output characteristics, the start-stop and climbing operation constraints of the conventional thermal power unit and the cogeneration unit and the operation state of the heat storage electric boiler are comprehensively considered, and an electricity-heat combined scheduling model comprising the conventional thermal power unit, the cogeneration unit and the heat storage electric boiler is established; the method comprises the following steps of providing a thermal power output balance support theory and an electric heating starting strategy of a heat storage electric boiler, considering system stability constraint, taking maximum wind power consumption as a target, and introducing a unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost punishment item; and finally, solving the model by adopting an improved ant colony algorithm, and realizing the optimal economical efficiency of system operation while ensuring the complete wind power consumption and the safe and stable system operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of joint scheduling of an electric power system and a thermodynamic system, and relates to an electric-thermal joint scheduling method for improving wind power consumption capacity of a regional power grid.
Background
With the exhaustion of fossil energy and the gradual deterioration of ecological environment, the development of renewable energy has become an important choice for various countries. Wherein, the wind power development speed is high, and the accumulated installed capacity in China reaches 188392MW by the end of 2017. However, due to the defects of wind energy, such as weak frequency adjustment, strong volatility, high randomness and the like, a large amount of wind energy grid connection inevitably has great influence on power grid dispatching. In order to ensure safe and stable operation of the power grid, the power grid cannot accept a large amount of wind energy for grid connection, and resource waste phenomena such as a large amount of abandoned wind are caused.
At present, the wind energy resources in the three north area are rich, and the traditional thermal power generating unit is limited by the climbing rate and the adjusting range along with the increase of the wind power proportion connected to a power grid, so that the traditional thermal power generating unit cannot deal with the large fluctuation of wind power. Meanwhile, in order to meet the requirement of heating in winter, the operation mode of the cogeneration unit for fixing the power with heat further reduces the adjusting capacity of thermal power, so that the problem of wind abandonment is more serious. And because the power grid structure limits, a large amount of abandoned wind power cannot be sent out to the external power grid through a connecting line. Therefore, the problem of massive wind abandoning in the three north area is solved.
In order to meet the requirement of large-scale wind power access, the energy storage technology has been rapidly developed. The full consumption of wind power output can be realized by configuring the energy storage battery in the power grid system, but the existing battery cannot be put into use on a large scale due to the problems of short service life, high manufacturing cost, low efficiency and the like. Due to the unique production mode of the thermoelectric power unit in the 'three north area', the wind power consumption can be improved only by decoupling the 'fixed power by heat' constraint, so that the adjustment depth of the thermoelectric power unit can be greatly improved after heat storage is configured. Most researches only consider the influence of heat storage and electric heating devices on wind power consumption when the electric heating devices work independently, and meanwhile, the problem of how to avoid resource waste is to be solved because the electric heating devices convert high-quality electric energy into low-quality heat energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an electricity-heat combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capability of a regional power grid so as to promote the wind power consumption.
The invention provides an electricity-heat combined dispatching method for improving wind power consumption capability of a regional power grid, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing an electricity-heat combined system comprising a conventional thermal power generating unit, a cogeneration unit, a wind power generating unit and a heat storage electric boiler, and determining an electricity-heat combined scheduling structure for improving the wind power consumption capacity;
step 2: the method comprises the steps of taking the maximization of wind power consumption of a regional power grid as a main target, introducing unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost punishment items, comprehensively considering operation constraint conditions and system electric-heat balance constraint conditions of each unit, and establishing an electric-heat combined scheduling model;
and step 3: a thermal power output balance support theory is put forward, and small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis is established through weak thermal power support regional power grid balance to ensure regional power grid stability;
and 4, step 4: according to the mechanism of the heat storage electric boiler for absorbing and removing the wind, an electric heating starting strategy of the heat storage electric boiler is provided, and resource waste is avoided;
and 5: solving the vertical electric-thermal combined dispatching based on the improved ant colony algorithm to obtain an optimal dispatching plan and improve the regional power grid digestion capacity.
The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capability of the regional power grid, provided by the invention, at least has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method takes the minimum wind power air curtailment amount as a main target, introduces the unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost punishment items, and considers the valve point effect in the unit power generation cost, so that a dispatching model is closer to the actual condition.
(2) The invention provides a thermal power (thermoelectric) output balance supporting theory, supports power grid balance through weak thermal power, establishes small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis, and ensures safe and stable operation of a regional power grid.
(3) The invention adopts a wind-abandoning start-stop control strategy to control the start-stop of the heat-storage electric boiler, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of resource waste caused by converting high-quality electric energy into low-quality heat energy.
(4) According to the invention, the heat storage electric boiler is added to ensure electric (thermal) balance, and an electric-thermal combined dispatching model is established with the minimum air loss of a regional power grid as a main target. And solving the model by adopting an improved ant colony algorithm, dynamically dividing the number of superior solutions and inferior solutions in the iterative process of a solution space, and preprocessing by adopting a local search strategy and a random search strategy, wherein the local search strategy and the random search strategy coordinate to improve the convergence speed and the convergence precision of the algorithm.
(5) The invention provides important guarantee for the safe operation of the regional power grid, improves the wind power consumption capability of the regional power grid, reduces fossil fuel combustion, and realizes the optimal economical efficiency of system operation while ensuring the full consumption of wind power and the safe and stable operation of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system model of an electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving wind power consumption capability of a regional power grid;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent simplified model of stability of an electricity-heat combined dispatching method for improving regional power grid wind power consumption capability;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of solving the model by using an improved ant colony algorithm based on a local search strategy and a random search strategy.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
according to the electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capability of the regional power grid, the thermal storage electric boiler is added to consume the wind power, a thermal power (thermoelectric) output balance support theory is put forward, the regional power grid maximized wind power consumption is taken as a main target, a unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost punishment item is introduced, and an optimal dispatching plan is calculated by adopting an improved ant colony algorithm.
The heat storage electric boiler can completely supply redundant heat load requirements at any time, and the method comprises the following steps in combination with the attached drawings:
step 1: establishing an electricity-heat combined system comprising a conventional thermal power generating unit, a cogeneration unit, a wind power generating unit and a heat storage electric boiler, and determining an electricity-heat combined scheduling structure for improving the wind power consumption capacity;
the electricity-heat combined system comprises a conventional thermal power generating unit, a cogeneration unit, a wind power generating unit and a heat storage electric boiler; due to the characteristic that the cogeneration unit fixes the power by heat, the power grid and the heat supply network are coupled with each other; in order to ensure the balance of the electric and heat supply networks, when the wind power output is large and the electric load is small to generate abandoned wind, the output of the cogeneration unit needs to be reduced, and simultaneously the electric boiler is started, the heat storage tank stores heat and increases the electric load; when the wind power output is small and the electric load is large, the output of the unit needs to be increased, the electric boiler is stopped, and meanwhile, the heat storage tank continues to release heat in order to ensure the heat load balance. The constraint of 'fixing the power with the heat' of the cogeneration unit can be decoupled through the heat storage electric boiler, the rapid fluctuation of wind power is inhibited, more wind power is consumed, and the complete consumption of the wind power is realized. The structure is shown in figure 1.
Step 2: the method comprises the following steps of taking the maximization of wind power consumption of a regional power grid as a main target, introducing a unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost penalty item, comprehensively considering the operation constraint conditions and the system electric-heat balance constraint conditions of each unit, and establishing an electric-heat combined scheduling model, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: calculating the wind power abandoned wind quantity F according to the following formula 1 ：
In the formula: w is the number of fans;
predicting the generated energy for the kth fan at the moment t without considering the prediction error; />
And the actual grid-connected power at the moment t of the kth fan is obtained.
And introducing a unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost penalty item.
Step 2.2: according to the following formulaCalculating the power generation cost F of the conventional thermal power generating unit 2 ：
F 2 ＝f 1 (P i,t )+f 2 (u i,t )
In the formula: f. of 1 (P i,t ) The fuel cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; f. of 2 (u i,t ) The start-stop cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; p i,t Generating capacity of the unit i at the moment t; u. of i,t Is the running state of the unit i at the moment t, u i,t =1 for starting the unit, u i,t =0 represents the stoppage of the unit;
in order to improve the calculation accuracy of the cost function, the valve point effect caused by the generator is considered while the forbidden operation area of the unit is considered, so that the fuel cost f of the conventional thermal power generating unit is calculated according to the following formula 1 (P i,t )：
Calculating the start-stop cost f of the conventional thermal power generating unit according to the following formula 2 (u i,t )：
In the formula: n is the number of conventional thermal power units; t is the number of scheduling time periods of one day; a is i 、b i 、c i 、d i And e i The fuel cost coefficient of the ith conventional thermal power generating unit; p i.min The minimum power output of the ith conventional thermal power generating unit is obtained; s. the i Representing the starting and stopping costs of different thermal power generating units;
step 2.3: since the cogeneration unit primarily supplies heat to a heat load, the cogeneration unit cannot be shut down, and thus the power generation cost F of the cogeneration unit is calculated according to the following formula 3 ：
In the formula: r is the number of the cogeneration units;
respectively representing the electric output and the thermal output of the combined heat and power generation unit j at the moment t; c v,j When the steam inlet quantity of the unit is constant, the generating capacity reduced under the heat supply quantity of a plurality of units is extracted; a is j 、b j 、c j The fuel cost coefficient of the jth cogeneration unit;
step 2.4: NO discharged by coal-fired cogeneration system x 、SO 2 CO and CO 2 Gas, calculating the environmental pollution cost F of each unit according to the following formula 4 ：
In the formula: ρ is a unit of a gradient il The method comprises the following steps of (1) discharging the discharge amount of I type gas for a conventional thermal power generating unit i, wherein l =1,2,3,4; rho jl Discharging the discharge amount of the l type gas for the combined heat and power generation unit j; gamma ray l The pollution control cost for the unit discharge amount of the type I gas;
in the formula: g il 、h il The method comprises the following steps of (1) discharging an emission coefficient of the I type gas for a conventional thermal power generating unit i; g jl 、h jl The discharge coefficient of the l type gas discharged by the combined heat and power generation unit j;
step 2.5: the method comprises the following steps of taking the maximization of wind power consumption of a regional power grid as a main target, introducing a unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost penalty item, and establishing an electricity-heat combined dispatching model:
min F＝F 1 +ε(F 2 +F 3 +F 4 )
in the formula: f 1 Wind power waste air volume; f 2 The power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; f 3 Is thermoelectricityThe power generation cost of the cogeneration unit; f 4 The cost of environmental pollution of each unit is reduced; ε is a penalty factor.
The system operation constraint conditions in the step 2 are as follows:
1. constraint of equality
(1) Electric balance constraint:
in the formula:
predicted electrical load for the grid at time t (without taking into account prediction error); />
And (4) starting the electric quantity of the electric boiler at the moment t for the power grid.
(2) And (3) thermal power constraint:
in the formula:
the heat release power of the heat storage tank at the t moment; />
The predicted thermal load for the grid at time t (without taking into account the prediction error).
2. Constraint of inequality
(1) The operation constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows:
in the formula: p i.min 、P i.max Respectively the minimum and maximum electric output of the thermal power generating unit; u shape i.max 、D i.max Are respectively asThe upward and downward slope climbing rate limit of the unit.
(2) And (3) operation constraint of the cogeneration unit:
in the formula: c m The heat-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit;
the upper limit and the lower limit of the unit electric output are respectively set;
the upward slope climbing rate limit and the downward slope climbing rate limit of the unit are respectively.
3. Restraint of heat-storage electric boiler
(1) Electric boiler restraint:
in the formula:
the heat storage power of the heat storage tank at the moment t; />
The electric quantity started by the electric boiler at the moment t for the power grid; p is dr.max The maximum value of the power consumption of the electric boiler; eta is the electric heating conversion rate of the electric boiler.
(2) And (3) restraint of the heat storage tank:
in the formula: s t The heat storage amount of the heat storage tank at the time t is shown; s max The maximum capacity of the heat storage tank; h st.max 、H ex.max The maximum heat storage power and the maximum heat release power of the heat storage tank are respectively; s 0 And S T Indicating that the heat capacity of the heat storage tank remains unchanged for a certain period.
4. System rotation standby constraint:
in the formula: delta P d And Δ P u The fluctuation amounts of the wind power in unit time are downward fluctuation and upward fluctuation respectively; delta P Ld And Δ P Lu The downward fluctuation amount and the upward fluctuation amount of the system load in unit time are respectively.
And step 3: a thermal power output balance support theory is put forward, and small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis is established by supporting regional power grid balance through weak fire power, so that the stability of the regional power grid is ensured.
The conventional thermal power generating unit and the conventional cogeneration unit have large inertia, while the wind power generating unit has small inertia, so that the conventional thermal power generating unit and the conventional cogeneration unit can fluctuate rapidly and cannot ensure the stability of a regional power grid in weak fire; the invention decouples the constraint of 'fixing the power with the heat' of the cogeneration unit by adding a heat storage electric boiler, inhibits the rapid fluctuation of wind power, provides weak fire electricity to support the balance of a regional power grid, and establishes a small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis for ensuring the stable operation mode of the regional power grid, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1: establishing a small interference stable model of the asynchronous wind turbine;
step 3.1.1: 5-order chemical model of wind turbine generator:
wherein x, x ', T' d0 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: t is t Mechanical torque for input to the gearbox; tau is h Is the inertia time constant of the hub; t is W The mechanical torque of the wind turbine generator is used as the torque; beta is the pitch angle; tau is β Is the inertial time constant of the pitch angle control system; beta is a 0 Setting the initial value of the pitch angle; e' d 、E′ q Transient electric potential d and q-axis components of the wind turbine generator are respectively; t' d0 The time constant of the open circuit of the stator of the wind turbine generator is set; s is the slip coefficient of the wind turbine; tau is j The inertia time constant of the wind turbine generator is obtained; t is m The output torque of the gear box of the wind turbine generator is obtained; t is e The electromagnetic torque of the wind turbine generator is obtained; r is 2 、r 2 、x 1 、x 2 、x m Respectively a stator resistor, a rotor resistor, a stator reactance, a rotor reactance and an excitation reactance of the wind turbine generator;
step 3.1.2: when the regional power grid faces disturbance, linearizing the 5-order chemical model of the wind turbine generator at a balance point to obtain a 5-order small-interference stable model of the asynchronous wind turbine generator:
wherein L is 1 、L 2 、L 3 、L 4 、L 5 The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
in the formula:
X＝x 1 +x 2 ；i d0 、i q0 respectively representing d and q axis components of stator current of the wind turbine generator; a. b represents the stator current d and q axis components of the wind turbine generator to calculate the partial derivative of the slip coefficient s of the wind turbine generator;
step 3.1.3: the simplified expression of the 5-order small interference stability model of the asynchronous wind turbine generator is as follows:
step 3.2: establishing small interference stabilization model of thermal power generating unit
Step 3.2.1: 3-order chemical model of thermal power generating unit:
in the formula: delta is the power angle of the thermal power generating unit; omega is the rotating speed of the thermal power generating unit; omega 0 The steady-state rotating speed of the thermal power generating unit is obtained; t is J Mechanical moment of inertia; p is m Mechanical power of a thermal power generating unit; p e The electromagnetic power of the thermal power generating unit; d is a mechanical damping coefficient; e' q Transient potential q-axis components of the thermal power generating unit; t' d0 The time constant of the excitation winding when the stator of the thermal power generating unit is open-circuited is obtained; x is the number of d∑ Synchronizing the total reactance for the d-axis of the total system; x' d∑ Is the d-axis transient total reactance of the total system; x is the number of d A d-axis synchronous total reactance of the thermal power generating unit; x' d The transient total reactance is a d-axis transient total reactance of the thermal power generating unit; u shape s Infinite bus voltage; e f Is an excitation control input;
P e the calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
terminal voltage U of thermal power generating unit G The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
step 3.2.2: when the regional power grid faces disturbance, linearizing the 3-order chemical model of the thermal power generating unit at a balance point to obtain a 3-order small-disturbance stable model of the thermal power generating unit:
wherein K 1 、K 2 、K 3 、K 4 、K 5 、K 6 The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
in the formula: k e Is the excitation amplification factor; x is the number of q∑ The q-axis synchronous total reactance of the total system; x' q∑ Q-axis transient total reactance of the total system; x is the number of q The Q-axis synchronous total reactance is a q-axis synchronous total reactance of the thermal power generating unit; x' q The transient total reactance is a transient total reactance of a q axis of the thermal power generating unit;
step 3.2.3: a simplified expression of a thermal power generating unit 3-order small interference stability model is as follows:
step 3.3: simplifying a regional power grid into a double-machine infinite system, wherein the specific structure is shown in figure 2, then equating all fans to be a 5-order small interference stable model of a single wind turbine generator, equating all conventional thermal power units and cogeneration units to be a 3-order small interference stable model of a single thermal power unit, satisfying power supply balance constraint, and finally establishing in a simultaneous manner to obtain a small interference stable model of the regional power grid:
calculating the characteristic root lambda of the system matrix A according to the lambda I-A =0 1，2 。
Step 3.4: according to the small interference stability model of the regional power grid, small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis is obtained, in order to ensure that the regional power grid is stable in small signals under all operation modes,
the following conditions need to be satisfied:
in the formula:
is λ 1，2 The real part at time t.
And 4, step 4: according to the mechanism of the heat storage electric boiler for absorbing and discarding the wind, an electric heating starting strategy of the heat storage electric boiler is provided, and resource waste is avoided.
The control strategy of stopping is stopped to the adoption abandoning wind, decides the peak regulation control of heat accumulation electric boiler and stops according to abandoning the existence of wind phenomenon promptly, and electric boiler can carry out the electric heat conversion when having the abandoning wind, and electric boiler does not carry out the electric heat conversion when not abandoning the wind, before the dispatch, can roughly judge according to load prediction data and unit parameter whether each dispatch period appears abandoning the wind phenomenon, and the abandoning wind expression is:
in the formula: f. of t A wind curtailment flag for a time period t; when f is t If =1, it means that there is wind abandon, electric boiler starts, when f t When =0, no wind is abandoned and the electric boiler is turned off t dr ＝0。
And 5: the model is solved based on the improved ant colony algorithm to obtain an optimal scheduling plan, and the regional power grid digestion capacity is improved.
The improved ant colony algorithm based on the local search strategy and the random search strategy solves the model, as shown in fig. 3. The concrete model solving steps are as follows:
step 5.1: inputting wind power and load predicted output and each unit parameter, initializing the size of a solution space, and randomly generating K initial solutions;
step 5.2: judging whether the solution space meets constraint conditions or not, and correcting the solution space to enable the solution space to meet the constraint conditions of operation of each unit and electric heat balance of the system;
step 5.3: respectively calculating the fitness of each solution, and arranging the K solutions from small to large according to the fitness;
step 5.4: defining the top K according to a dynamic partition method 1 The individual solution is the optimal solution, the last K 2 The solution is a poor solution, and the specific division formula is as follows:
K 1 ＝K-K 2
in the formula: k represents the solution space size; k is 1 The number of optimal solutions; k 2 The number of inferior solutions; i is the current iteration times of the ant colony algorithm; t is max The total number of iterations of the ant colony algorithm.
Step 5.5: preprocessing a solution space;
step 5.5.1: using local search strategy to pair K 1 And (2) performing optimal solution preprocessing, namely taking the simulated annealing algorithm as a search operator, introducing the search operator into the updating process of the optimal solution to improve the precision of the algorithm, and introducing random factors into the searching process of the simulated annealing algorithm to accept a solution worse than the current solution with a certain probability, so that the local optimal solution is possibly jumped out, the global optimal solution is achieved, and the situation that the optimal solution falls into the local optimal solution is avoided. The specific process is as follows:
firstly to K 1 The optimal solution disturbance generates a new solution K' 1 Calculating the fitness of the new solution, calculating Δ F = F (K) 1 )-F(K′ 1 ) And judging whether the new solution is accepted or not by adopting a Metropolos criterion, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:
the expression for T is as follows:
in the formula: t is 0 Is the initial temperature; t isA current temperature parameter; p is the probability of updating the new solution; t is the current iteration times of the simulated annealing algorithm; when none of the successive new solutions are accepted, the simulated annealing algorithm is terminated.
Step 5.5.2: using a random search strategy to pair K 2 Preprocessing each inferior solution, increasing the diversity of the solution, expanding the search range and avoiding trapping in local optimum, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
K 2,new ＝(1-α)K 2,old +rand(0,1)e -β (K 2,old -K best )
in the formula: k 2,old Representing the current solution; k is best The current optimal solution is obtained; k 2,new Is the updated solution; alpha is a constant; e.g. of a cylinder -β Is the inertial weight;
the formula for calculating β is:
in the formula: j is the current iteration number of the random search method; t is max.j The maximum number of iterations of the random search method.
Step 5.6: updating the preprocessed solutions by adopting a Gaussian kernel function, if the updated new solution is superior to the old solution, replacing the old solution with the new solution, and sequencing after all the K solutions are updated;
step 5.7: and judging whether the maximum iteration times are reached, if so, outputting an optimal value, and if not, skipping to the step 5.2.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving regional power grid wind power absorption capacity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing an electricity-heat combined system comprising a conventional thermal power generating unit, a cogeneration unit, a wind power generating unit and a heat storage electric boiler, and determining an electricity-heat combined scheduling structure for improving the wind power consumption capacity;
step 2: the method comprises the steps of taking the maximization of wind power consumption of a regional power grid as a main target, introducing unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost punishment items, comprehensively considering operation constraint conditions and system electric-heat balance constraint conditions of each unit, and establishing an electric-heat combined scheduling model;
and step 3: a thermal power output balance support theory is put forward, and small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis is established by supporting regional power grid balance through weak fire power, so that the regional power grid stability is ensured;
and 4, step 4: according to the mechanism of the heat storage electric boiler for absorbing and removing the wind, an electric heating starting strategy of the heat storage electric boiler is provided, and resource waste is avoided;
and 5: solving the electricity-heat combined dispatching based on the improved ant colony algorithm to obtain an optimal dispatching plan and improve the regional power grid digestion capacity;
the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: establishing a small interference stable model of the asynchronous wind turbine;
step 3.2: establishing a small interference stability model of the thermal power generating unit;
step 3.3: simplifying a regional power grid into a double-machine infinite system, equating all fans to a 5-order small interference stable model of a single wind turbine generator, equating all conventional thermal power generating units and cogeneration units to a 3-order small interference stable model of the single thermal power generating unit, satisfying power supply balance constraint, and establishing to obtain the regional power grid small interference stable model;
step 3.4: and obtaining small signal stability constraint based on characteristic root analysis according to the small interference stability model of the regional power grid.
2. The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capacity of the regional power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: calculating the wind power abandoned wind quantity F according to the following formula 1 ：
In the formula: w is the number of fans;
predicting the power generation amount for the kth fan at the moment t, and not considering the prediction error; />
The actual grid-connected power at the kth fan at the moment t is obtained;
step 2.2: calculating the power generation cost F of the conventional thermal power generating unit according to the following formula 2 ：
F 2 ＝f 1 (P i,t )+f 2 (u i,t )
In the formula: f. of 1 (P i,t ) The fuel cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; f. of 2 (u i,t ) The starting and stopping cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; p i,t Generating capacity of the unit i at the moment t; u. of i,t Is the running state of the unit i at the moment t, u i,t =1 for starting the unit, u i,t =0 represents the stoppage of the unit;
calculating the fuel cost f of the conventional thermal power generating unit according to the following formula 1 (P i,t )：
Calculating the start-stop cost f of the conventional thermal power generating unit according to the following formula 2 (u i,t )：
In the formula: n is the number of conventional thermal power units; t is the number of scheduling time periods of one day; a is a i 、b i 、c i 、d i And e i The fuel cost coefficient of the ith conventional thermal power generating unit; p i.min Is the ith tableMinimum electrical output of the conventional power generating unit; s i Representing the start-stop cost of different thermal power generating units;
step 2.3: calculating the power generation cost F of the cogeneration unit according to the following formula 3 ：
In the formula: r is the number of the cogeneration units;
respectively representing the electric output and the thermal output of the combined heat and power unit j at the moment t; c v,j When the steam inlet amount of the unit is constant, the generating capacity reduced under the heat supply of a plurality of units is extracted; a is j 、b j 、c j A fuel cost coefficient for the jth cogeneration unit;
step 2.4: calculating the environmental pollution cost F of each unit according to the following formula 4 ：
In the formula: ρ is a unit of a gradient il The method comprises the following steps of (1) discharging the discharge amount of I type gas for a conventional thermal power generating unit i, wherein l =1,2,3,4; rho jl Discharging the discharge amount of the l type gas for the combined heat and power generation unit j; gamma ray l The pollution control cost for the unit discharge amount of the l-type gas;
in the formula: g il 、h il The method comprises the following steps of (1) discharging an emission coefficient of the I type gas for a conventional thermal power generating unit i; g jl 、h jl The discharge coefficient of the l type gas discharged by the combined heat and power generation unit j;
step 2.5: the method comprises the following steps of taking the maximization of wind power consumption of a regional power grid as a main target, introducing a unit power generation cost and pollution emission cost penalty item, and establishing an electricity-heat combined dispatching model:
minF＝F 1 +ε(F 2 +F 3 +F 4 )
in the formula: f 1 Wind power is abandoned; f 2 The power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; f 3 The power generation cost of the cogeneration unit; f 4 The cost of environmental pollution of each unit is reduced; ε is a penalty factor.
3. The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capacity of the regional power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 3.1 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1.1: 5-order chemical model of the wind turbine generator:
wherein x, x ', T' d0 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: t is t Mechanical torque for input to the gearbox; tau is h Is the inertia time constant of the hub; t is W The mechanical torque of the wind turbine generator set; beta is the pitch angle; tau is β Is the inertial time constant of the pitch angle control system; beta is a 0 Setting the initial value of the pitch angle; e' d 、E′ q Transient electric potential d and q-axis components of the wind turbine generator are respectively; t' d0 The time constant of the open circuit of the stator of the wind turbine generator is set; s is the slip coefficient of the wind turbine; tau is j The inertia time constant of the wind turbine generator is obtained; t is a unit of m The output torque of the gear box of the wind turbine generator is obtained; t is a unit of e The electromagnetic torque of the wind turbine generator is obtained; r is 2 、r 2 、x 1 、x 2 、x m The resistance values of the stator, the rotor, the stator reactor, the rotor reactor and the excitation reactor of the wind turbine generator are respectively;
step 3.1.2: when the regional power grid faces disturbance, linearizing the 5-order chemical model of the wind turbine generator at a balance point to obtain a 5-order small-interference stable model of the asynchronous wind turbine generator:
wherein L is 1 、L 2 、L 3 、L 4 、L 5 The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
in the formula:
X＝x 1 +x 2 ；i d0 、i q0 respectively representing d and q axis components of stator current of the wind turbine generator; a. b, respectively representing the d-axis component and the q-axis component of the stator current of the wind turbine generator to calculate the partial derivative of the slip coefficient s of the wind turbine generator;
step 3.1.3: the simplified expression of the 5-order small interference stability model of the asynchronous wind turbine generator is as follows:
4. the electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capacity of the regional power grid according to claim 3, wherein the step 3.2 comprises the following steps:
step 3.2.1: 3-order chemical model of thermal power generating unit:
in the formula: delta is the power angle of the thermal power generating unit; omega is the rotating speed of the thermal power generating unit; omega 0 The steady-state rotating speed of the thermal power generating unit is obtained; t is J Mechanical moment of inertia; p m Mechanical power of a thermal power generating unit; p e The electromagnetic power of the thermal power generating unit; d is a machineA damping coefficient; e' q Transient potential q-axis components of the thermal power generating unit are obtained; t' d0 The time constant of the excitation winding when the stator of the thermal power generating unit is open-circuited is obtained; x is a radical of a fluorine atom d∑ Synchronizing the total reactance for the d-axis of the total system; x' d∑ Is the d-axis transient total reactance of the total system; x is a radical of a fluorine atom d The direct current power generation unit is a d-axis synchronous total reactance; x' d The transient total reactance is a d-axis transient total reactance of the thermal power generating unit; u shape s Infinite bus voltage; e f Is an excitation control input;
P e the calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
terminal voltage U of thermal power generating unit G The calculation formula of (c) is:
step 3.2.2: when the regional power grid faces disturbance, linearizing the 3-order chemical model of the thermal power generating unit at a balance point to obtain a 3-order small disturbance stable model of the thermal power generating unit:
wherein K 1 、K 2 、K 3 、K 4 、K 5 、K 6 The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
in the formula: k e Is the excitation amplification factor; x is a radical of a fluorine atom q∑ Synchronizing the total reactance for the q-axis of the total system; x' q∑ Q-axis transient total reactance of the total system; x is the number of q The Q-axis synchronous total reactance is a q-axis synchronous total reactance of the thermal power generating unit; x' q The transient state total reactance is q-axis transient state total reactance of the thermal power generating unit;
step 3.2.3: the simplified expression of the thermal power generating unit 3-order small interference stability model is as follows:
5. the electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capability of the regional power grid according to claim 4, wherein the regional power grid small interference stability model in the step 3.3 is as follows:
calculating the characteristic root lambda of the system matrix A according to the lambda I-A =0 1，2 。
6. The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capability of the regional power grid according to claim 5, wherein in step 3.4, in order to ensure that the regional power grid is stable in small signals in all operation modes, the small signal stability constraint based on the characteristic root analysis is as follows:
in the formula:
is λ 1，2 The real part at time t.
7. The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capability of the regional power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises:
the control strategy of opening and closing is abandoned to the adoption, decides the peak regulation control of heat accumulation electric boiler and opens and close according to abandoning the existence of wind phenomenon promptly, and the electric boiler carries out electric heat conversion when having abandoned the wind, and the electric boiler does not carry out electric heat conversion when not abandoning the wind, before the dispatch, judges according to load prediction data and unit parameter whether each dispatch period appears abandoning the wind phenomenon, and the abandoning wind expression is:
in the formula: f. of t A wind abandon flag for a time period t; when f is t If =1, it means that there is wind abandon, electric boiler starts, when f t When =0, no wind is abandoned and the electric boiler is turned off t dr ＝0。
8. The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capacity of the regional power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: inputting wind power and load predicted output and parameters of each unit, initializing the size of a solution space, and randomly generating K initial solutions;
step 5.2: judging whether the solution space meets constraint conditions or not, and correcting the solution space to enable the solution space to meet the constraint conditions of operation of each unit and electric heat balance of the system;
step 5.3: respectively calculating the fitness of each solution, and arranging the K solutions from small to large according to the fitness;
step 5.4: defining the top K according to a dynamic partition method 1 The individual solution is the optimal solution, the last K 2 The single solution is a poor solution, and the solution is a poor solution,
step 5.5: preprocessing a solution space;
step 5.6: updating the preprocessed solution by adopting a Gaussian kernel function, if a new solution obtained after updating is superior to an old solution, replacing the old solution with the new solution, and sequencing after all the K solutions are updated;
step 5.7: and judging whether the maximum iteration times is reached, if so, outputting an optimal value, and if not, skipping to the step 5.2.
9. The electric-thermal combined dispatching method for improving the wind power consumption capacity of the regional power grid according to claim 8, wherein the step 5.5 comprises the following steps:
step 5.5.1: using local search strategy to K 1 The optimization pretreatment comprises the following specific steps:
firstly to K 1 The optimal solution disturbance generates a new solution K' 1 Calculating the fitness of the new solution, calculating Δ F = F (K) 1 )-F(K′ 1 ) And judging whether the new solution is accepted or not by adopting a Metropolos criterion, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:
the expression of T is as follows:
in the formula: t is 0 Is the initial temperature; t is a current temperature parameter; p is the probability of updating the new solution; t is the current iteration times of the simulated annealing algorithm; when a plurality of continuous new solutions are not accepted, terminating the simulated annealing algorithm;
step 5.5.2: using a random search strategy to pair K 2 Preprocessing each inferior solution, increasing the diversity of the solution, expanding the search range and avoiding trapping in local optimum, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
K 2,new ＝(1-α)K 2,old +rand(0,1)e -β (K 2,old -K best )
in the formula: k 2,old Representing the current solution; k best The current optimal solution is obtained; k 2,new Is the updated solution; alpha is a constant; e.g. of the type -β Is the inertial weight;
the formula for calculating β is:
in the formula: j is the current iteration number of the random search method; t is max.j The maximum number of iterations of the random search method.
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