CN110333055A - A kind of friction sensing device and method of air bearing friction-free air cylinder - Google Patents
A kind of friction sensing device and method of air bearing friction-free air cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110333055A CN110333055A CN201910521825.0A CN201910521825A CN110333055A CN 110333055 A CN110333055 A CN 110333055A CN 201910521825 A CN201910521825 A CN 201910521825A CN 110333055 A CN110333055 A CN 110333055A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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Abstract
The present invention relates to cylinder friction detection field, the friction sensing devices and method of specifically a kind of air bearing friction-free air cylinder.The device includes rack, two degrees of freedom swivel mount, ball nut ratchet module and lead screw fixture module, the two degrees of freedom swivel mount is mounted on housiung separator by bearing, in two degrees of freedom swivel mount, the lead screw of lead screw fixture module and the ball nut of ball nut ratchet module cooperate the ball nut ratchet module.Piston-cylinder bar assembly is fixed in gantry base, lead screw rotates whereabouts by fixture cylinder barrel of ining succession under the effect of gravity, realizes the continuous rotation movement of air floating piston disposable total travel in cylinder barrel.By comparison, whether there is or not the times that cylinder barrel rotation is fallen in the case of air floating piston, or by detection electric signal to judge whether contact between air floating piston and cylinder barrel.The structure of the detecting device is ingenious, and detection is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cylinder friction detection field, the friction sensing device of specifically a kind of air bearing friction-free air cylinder and side
Method.
Background technique
With the rapid development of science and technology, gas bearing technology is widely used.Compressed gas enter axis with
In the gap of bearing holder (housing, cover), prevent the two is from directly contacting, to form a kind of ideal support component.Gas lubrication technology exists
Cylinder without being also applied during frictionization, realize cylinder friction free method mainly avoid between piston and cylinder barrel and
Directly contacting between piston rod and end cap.Piston face is evenly distributed with several throttle orifices, and compressed air is entered by throttle orifice
Between piston and cylinder barrel in minimum gap, one layer of high pressure air film is formed, to realize zero CONTACT WITH FRICTION of piston and cylinder barrel.It is living
Porous air bearing is formed equipped with metal sintering between stopper rod and end cap, there are gap between air bearing inner ring and piston rod,
Compressed air enters gap via Porous air bearing and forms air film to support piston rod friction free to move back and forth.
Friction-free air cylinder machining accuracy with higher needs to carry out manufactured air bearing friction-free air cylinder before factory
Friction detection.Chinese invention patent ZL201310124084.5 and ZL201310123828.1 each provide a kind of high-precision
The detection device of gas suspension friction-free air cylinder and a kind of method of inspection of gas suspension friction-free air cylinder, the device and method are by cylinder
Cylinder is fixed, is supplied using compressed air to air floating piston and floating cushion, makes between piston and inner wall of cylinder and floating cushion and cushion block
Between form air film.The device detects its velocity attenuation situation by rotation piston rod, come judge between cylinder barrel and piston whether
It rubs up to existing.This method may introduce the friction between floating cushion and cushion block, so as to cause erroneous judgement, and can not be disposable
Carry out total travel detection.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder and sides
Method.Piston-cylinder bar assembly is fixed in the invention, is connected with compressed air between piston and cylinder barrel in gap, passes through cylinder barrel
Rotation fall, realize to the detection of the disposable total travel of cylinder barrel.The apparatus structure is ingenious, and method and step is easy, inspection
It is accurate to survey result.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned purpose by following technological means.
A kind of friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder, which is characterized in that including rack, two degrees of freedom swivel mount,
Ball nut ratchet module and lead screw fixture module,
The two degrees of freedom swivel mount is mounted on the crossbeam of the frame top, and gantry base is equipped with fixed piston rod
3 device and the air supply channel that can be connected with the inlet channel of piston rod;
The ball nut ratchet module includes ball nut, ratchet sleeve and pawl, and the ball nut is fixedly mounted on
In ratchet sleeve, there are a ratchet gear teeth in the ratchet sleeve outer surface, and pawl is mounted in two degrees of freedom swivel mount inner surface, and with the ratchet
Gear teeth cooperation, ratchet sleeve are mounted in two degrees of freedom swivel mount by bearing;
The lead screw fixture module includes lead screw and the fixture for being fixed on lead screw lower end, and the lead screw outer surface is transmission spiral shell
Line, the lead screw are threadedly engaged with ball nut.
Further, the two degrees of freedom swivel mount includes the first swivel mount and the second swivel mount, the first swivel mount and the
Two swivel mounts are annular structure, and the first swivel mount can be around the rotation of its diameter on the crossbeam of frame top, the second rotation
Pivoted frame is inside the first swivel mount and can rotate around its diameter, and first swivel mount, the rotation of the second swivel mount are surrounded
Diameter is perpendicular.
Further, the pawl is the resilient plunger on the second swivel mount wall.
Further, the pedestal of the rack is nonferromagnetic material, and base bottom is equipped with and is fixed using magnetic attracting force
The electromagnet of piston rod.
Further, the pedestal is equipped with through-hole, and it is recessed that the through hole wall is equipped with first annular groove, the second annular
Slot, third annular groove, the gantry base are equipped with air supply channel, and the air supply channel is communicated with second annular groove;It is described
The radial blind holes can be completely covered after piston rod insertion in second annular groove, and the first annular groove and third annular are recessed
Sealing ring is respectively equipped in slot.
Further, the through-hole on the pedestal is bellmouth.
Further, the lead screw end bottom centre is equipped with threaded hole, and there are threaded rod, threaded rod and silk in the fixture top
The threaded hole of thick stick is threadedly coupled.
Further, there are locating cone, the symmetrical elastic clamping jaw in two sides in the fixture tail portion.
Further, the positioning poppet surface is provided with several annular grooves.
The detection method of the friction sensing device of the air bearing friction-free air cylinder, it is characterised in that:
The rear end cap of tested friction-free air cylinder is clamped by fixture, and the free end of piston rod is fixed in gantry base, is passed through
The air supply channel of gantry base is ventilated to the inlet channel of piston rod;Cylinder barrel is discharged from a high position, cylinder barrel is together with lead screw from height
Place's rotation is fallen;
By one of following two means to determine whether there is friction during cylinder barrel falls:
(1) metering cylinder barrel falls to time t used in least significant end1;Piston is removed, in the case that metering is without piston, cylinder
A slave high position for cylinder falls on time t used in least significant end under eminence rotation together with lead screw2;According to t1With t2Comparison judge to be
It is no to have friction;
(2) first conducting wire one end is connected with piston rod, another termination voltage signal anode;Second conducting wire passes through copper
Piece is contacted with lead screw, AI mouthfuls of another termination capture card;Third root conducting wire one terminates voltage signal cathode, another termination capture card
GND;Friction is determined whether by detecting electric signal.
The friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder of the present invention, piston-cylinder bar assembly is fixed, and lead screw is logical
Cross fixture cylinder barrel of ining succession and rotate whereabouts under the effect of gravity, realize air floating piston in cylinder barrel disposable total travel it is continuous
Rotary motion.The detection method of the device is that by comparison, whether there is or not the times that cylinder barrel rotation is fallen in the case of air floating piston, or lead to
It crosses detection electric signal and judges whether contact between air floating piston and cylinder barrel.The device detection effect is obvious, and clever structure, step
It is easy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the friction sensing device schematic diagram of air bearing friction-free air cylinder of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of crossbeam.
Fig. 3 is two degrees of freedom rotation rack structure figure.
Fig. 4 is the three dimensional sectional view of the second swivel mount and ball-screw installation.
Fig. 5 is the amplification three-dimensional figure of fixture at A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is friction-free air cylinder rear end cap three-dimensional half sectional view.
Fig. 7 is piston rod half-section diagram.
Fig. 8 is piston half sectional view.
Fig. 9 is gantry base half-section diagram.
Description of symbols:
1- pedestal;2- bracket;3- piston rod;4- piston;5- cylinder barrel;6- rear end cap;7- lead screw;The first swivel mount of 8-;9-
Second swivel mount;10- fixture;11- elasticity clamping jaw;12- resilient plunger;13- bearing;The 14- ratchet gear teeth;The hole 15- retaining ring;
16- ball nut;17- crossbeam;18- piston intake channel;19- piston outlet passageway;20- air supply channel;21- bellmouth;22-
First annular groove;23- second annular groove;24- third annular groove;25- electromagnet;26- circle back taper groove;27- is fixed
Position hole;28- radial blind holes;29- sealing ring;30- ratchet sleeve;31- first bearing mounting hole;32- first boss;The second axis of 33-
Hold mounting hole;The first protruding shaft of 34-;The second protruding shaft of 35-.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is without being limited thereto.
The friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder provided by the invention, including rack, two degrees of freedom swivel mount, ball
Nut ratchet module and lead screw fixture module.
Gantry base 1 is equipped with the device of fixed piston rod 3 and can be connected with the inlet channel 18 of piston rod 3
Air supply channel 20.The two degrees of freedom swivel mount is mounted on the crossbeam 17 of the frame top.
The ball nut ratchet module includes ball nut 16, ratchet sleeve 30 and pawl, and the ball nut 16 is fixed
It is mounted in ratchet sleeve 30, and therebetween not only without relative rotation but also without axial movement.There is ratchet in 30 outer surface of ratchet sleeve
The gear teeth 14, pawl is mounted in two degrees of freedom swivel mount inner surface, and cooperates with the ratchet gear teeth 14, and ratchet sleeve 30 passes through bearing 13
It is mounted in two degrees of freedom swivel mount;Pawl and the ratchet gear teeth 14 cooperation guarantee ball nut ratchet module single direction rotation.
The lead screw fixture module includes lead screw 7 and the fixture 10 for being fixed on 7 lower end of lead screw, and 7 outer surface of lead screw is
Motion thread, the lead screw 7 are threadedly engaged with ball nut 16.The selection of lead screw outer diameter and screw pitch need to ensure lead screw 7 and cylinder barrel 5
It can vertical drop together.The fixture clamps tested cylinder rear end cap 6 and keeps moving synchronously with it.
Fig. 1 show a kind of specific embodiment of the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder of the present invention, specifically
: the rack includes bracket 2 and pedestal 1, and crossbeam 17 is mounted in the pedestal upper end, has a through-hole for holding on the crossbeam 17
Receive two degrees of freedom swivel mount, the through-hole wall of crossbeam 17 is equipped with a pair of symmetrical first bearing mounting hole 31, as shown in Figure 2.
The two degrees of freedom swivel mount includes the first swivel mount 8 and the second swivel mount 9, and the first swivel mount 8 and second rotates
Frame 9 is annular structure, and the first swivel mount 8 can be on the crossbeam 17 mounted in frame top that its diameter rotates, the second rotation
Frame 9 is inside the first swivel mount 8 and can rotate around its diameter, and first swivel mount 8, the rotation of the second swivel mount 9 are surrounded
Diameter it is perpendicular.Specifically, as shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, outside the first swivel mount 8 of the two degrees of freedom swivel mount
There is a pair of centrosymmetric first protruding shaft 34 on surface, and perpendicular also a pair of of central symmetry first boss 32 is described symmetrical
Second bearing mounting hole 33 is respectively equipped in boss.First protruding shaft 34 of first swivel mount 8 is mounted on crossbeam by bearing
In 17 first bearing mounting hole 31, therefore the first swivel mount 8 is able to achieve the rotation of X-direction;Second swivel mount, 9 outer surface
There is a pair of of the second protruding shaft of central symmetry 35, the second protruding shaft 35 of second swivel mount 9 is mounted on the first swivel mount 8 by bearing
Second bearing mounting hole 33 in, therefore the second swivel mount 9 is able to achieve the rotation of Y-direction, therefore the two degrees of freedom swivel mount can be real
The freedom degree rotating of existing both direction guarantees the vertical level always under the effect of gravity of lead screw 7.
Threaded hole is equipped on 9 inner wall of the second swivel mount, 12 end of resilient plunger is helicitic texture and is mounted in screw thread
In hole, as shown in Figure 3.The ball nut ratchet module is mounted in the second swivel mount 9 by bearing 13, and the bearing 13 is right
Claim to be located at 30 both ends of ratchet sleeve, through hole 15 fixing bearing of retaining ring, 13 outer ring.The ball spiral shell of the ball nut ratchet module
Mother 16 is mounted in ratchet sleeve 30, and therebetween without relative motion, 30 outer surface of ratchet sleeve is equipped with the ratchet gear teeth 14.It is described
Lead screw fixture module includes lead screw 7 and fixture 10, and the 7 lower end base center of lead screw is equipped with threaded hole.7 outer surface of lead screw
For motion thread, the selection of 7 outer diameter of lead screw and screw pitch need to ensure that lead screw 7 and cylinder barrel 5 can vertical drops together.
When lead screw 7 rotates decline under the effect of gravity, lead screw direction of rotation is contrary with the ratchet gear teeth, resilient plunger
The ratchet gear teeth 14 are blocked in 12 pop-ups, and ball nut ratchet module is stationary at this time;When device has detected once, lead screw
7 are located at lowest part, fix the second swivel mount 9 at this time, up push away from 7 lower end applied force of lead screw, and ball drives ball nut spine
Module and the rotation of 13 inner ring of bearing are taken turns, resilient plunger 12 does not influence the rotation of ball nut ratchet module at this time, realizes ball
The single direction rotation of nut ratchet module, while lead screw 7 also achieves the linear motion moved up, therefore can be realized and quickly retest
Cylinder.
Connection is realized by fixture 10 between lead screw 7 and cylinder rear end cap 6.The 10 top center of fixture is threaded rod,
There is locating cone in tail portion, and the positioning poppet surface is equipped with several annular grooves, as shown in figure 5, the annular groove is convenient for fixture 10
Taking-up.The elasticity clamping jaw 11 is symmetrically distributed in 10 two sides of fixture, is fixed by holding screw.In the cylinder rear end cap 6
The heart is provided with round back taper groove 26, as shown in fig. 6,26 bottom centre of circle back taper groove is provided with taper location hole 27.Institute
10 top screw thread of fixture to be stated to be threadedly coupled with the realization of 7 lower thread hole of lead screw, the threaded connection place is equipped with a holding screw, with
It is anti-loosening.The 10 tail portion locating cone of fixture is matched with the location hole 27, realizes positioning.The circle back taper groove 26
The male cone (strobilus masculinus) of inverted cone surface and the elastic clamping jaw 11 interacts, and movement is clamped in completion.
Present invention air bearing friction-free air cylinder to be measured is with double cropping general disclosed in application number 201711223571.1
For air bearing friction-free air cylinder.The piston rod 3 of tested friction-free air cylinder is ferromagnetism material, is internally provided with independent first
Channel and second channel, the first passage are air floating piston inlet channel 18, and the second channel is logical for air floating piston outlet
Road 19, as shown in Figure 7.4 surface of piston is equipped with multiple stomatas, as shown in Figure 8.The end of the piston rod 3 is frustum structure, institute
1 center of gantry base is stated equipped with bellmouth 21, gantry base tapered centre hole 21 is matched with frustum structure.The piston
3 end frustum surface of bar is radially provided with a radial blind holes 28, and the radial blind holes 28 are communicated with air floating piston inlet channel 18.
21 surface of gantry base bellmouth is equipped with first annular groove 22, second annular groove 23, third annular groove 24.It is described
It is respectively equipped with sealing ring 29 in first annular groove 22 and third annular groove 24, the second annular groove 23 can be in piston rod
The radial blind holes 28 are completely covered after 3 insertions, reduce gas leakage.The gantry base 1 is equipped with air supply channel 20, the gas
Source channels 20 are communicated with second annular groove 23.The gantry base bellmouth 21 is equipped with electromagnet 25, the frame ground below
1 material of seat is nonferromugnetic material, and electromagnet 25 makes piston rod 3 steadily be inserted in pedestal after being powered under the action of magnetic attraction
In bellmouth 21, while quick-clamping piston rod 3 is also able to achieve by the charge and discharge of electromagnet 25.
The step of detecting air bearing friction-free air cylinder whether there is or not frictions and method: the rear end cap 6 of tested friction-free air cylinder is by fixture
10 clampings, the free end of piston rod 3 is fixed in gantry base 1, by the air supply channel 20 of gantry base 1 to piston rod 3
Inlet channel 18 is ventilated;Cylinder barrel is discharged from a high position, cylinder barrel 5, which is rotated together with lead screw 7 from eminence, to fall.
Specifically, piston rod 3 is adsorbed into bellmouth 21, after lead screw 7 is by fixture 10 and cylinder after electromagnet 25 is powered
End cap 6 is even integral, and ball nut ratchet module is even integral and is mounted on by bearing 13 with two degrees of freedom swivel mount
In 17 bearing mounting hole of crossbeam.Compressed air enters air floating piston inlet channel 18 from pedestal air supply channel 20, through throttling piston
Chamber is pressed in hole, forms high pressure air film in the gap between piston 4 and cylinder barrel 5, subsequent gas is through piston face annular pressure release
Enter air floating piston outlet passageway 19 after slot, areola, row is to the outside.
First method is: by comparison whether there is or not in the case of air floating piston 4 same distance inner cylinder tube rotate fall when
Between determine whether friction, specifically: give air floating piston 4 to ventilate by pedestal air supply channel 20, cylinder barrel 5 from high-order release,
And timing is started simultaneously at, cylinder barrel 5, which is rotated together with lead screw 7 from eminence, to fall;If falling between piston 4 and cylinder barrel 5 without friction
Time is almost equal with cylinder barrel rotation fall time when not installing air floating piston;Otherwise, the time is with regard to president.
(2) second method is: determine whether friction by detecting electric signal, specifically: by first conducting wire one end and
Piston rod 3 is connected, another termination voltage signal anode;Second conducting wire is contacted by copper sheet with lead screw 7, another termination capture card
AI mouthfuls;Third root conducting wire one terminates voltage signal cathode, the GND of another termination capture card;Dropping process is rotated in cylinder barrel 5
In, it is contacted if air floating piston 4 exists with cylinder barrel 5, then capture card can collect the voltage signal of time of contact.
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
In the case where substantive content of the invention, any conspicuous improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder, which is characterized in that including rack, two degrees of freedom swivel mount, rolling
Pearl nut ratchet module and lead screw fixture module,
The two degrees of freedom swivel mount is mounted on the crossbeam (17) of the frame top, and gantry base (1) is equipped with fixed live
The device of stopper rod (3) and the air supply channel (20) that can be connected with the inlet channel (18) of piston rod (3);
The ball nut ratchet module includes ball nut (16), ratchet sleeve (30) and pawl, and the ball nut (16) is solid
In ratchet sleeve (30), ratchet sleeve (30) outer surface has the ratchet gear teeth (14) for Dingan County, and pawl is rotated mounted in two degrees of freedom
Frame inner surface, and cooperate with the ratchet gear teeth (14), ratchet sleeve (30) is mounted on two degrees of freedom swivel mount by bearing (13)
It is interior;
The lead screw fixture module includes lead screw (7) and the fixture (10) for being fixed on lead screw (7) lower end, lead screw (7) appearance
Face is motion thread, and the lead screw (7) is threadedly engaged with ball nut (16).
2. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the two degrees of freedom
Swivel mount includes the first swivel mount (8) and the second swivel mount (9), and the first swivel mount (8) and the second swivel mount (9) are annular shape
Structure, the first swivel mount (8) can be on the crossbeams (17) mounted in frame top that its diameter rotates, and the second swivel mount (9) is mounted in
First swivel mount (8) is internal and can rotate around its diameter, and first swivel mount (8), the second swivel mount (9) rotation are surrounded
Diameter it is perpendicular.
3. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pawl is dress
Resilient plunger (12) on the second swivel mount (9) wall.
4. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the rack
Seat (1) is nonferromagnetic material, and pedestal (1) bottom is equipped with the electromagnet (25) using magnetic attracting force fixed piston rod (3).
5. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pedestal (1)
It is equipped with through-hole, the through hole wall is equipped with first annular groove (22), second annular groove (23), third annular groove
(24), the gantry base is equipped with air supply channel (20), and the air supply channel (20) communicates with second annular groove (23);It is described
The radial blind holes (28), the first annular groove can be completely covered after piston rod (3) are inserted into second annular groove (23)
(22) and in third annular groove (24) sealing ring (29) are respectively equipped with.
6. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pedestal (1)
On through-hole be bellmouth (21).
7. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lead screw (7)
Bottom centre is held to be equipped with threaded hole, there are threaded rod, the threaded hole screw thread company of threaded rod and lead screw (7) in fixture (10) top
It connects.
8. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fixture (10)
There are locating cone, the symmetrical elastic clamping jaw (11) in two sides in tail portion.
9. the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the locating cone table
Face is provided with several annular grooves.
10. the detection method of the friction sensing device of air bearing friction-free air cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The rear end cap (6) of tested friction-free air cylinder is clamped by fixture (10), and the free end of piston rod (3) is fixed on gantry base (1),
It is ventilated by the air supply channel (20) of gantry base (1) to the inlet channel (18) of piston rod (3);Cylinder barrel is released from a high position
It puts, cylinder barrel (5), which is rotated together with lead screw (7) from eminence, to fall;
By one of following two means to determine whether there is friction during cylinder barrel (5) fall:
(1) it measures under cylinder barrel (5) and falls on time t used in least significant end1;Piston is removed, in the case that metering is without piston, cylinder barrel
(5) a slave high position falls on time t used in least significant end under eminence rotation together with lead screw (7)2;According to t1With t2Comparison sentence
It is disconnected whether to have friction;
(2) first conducting wire one end is connected with piston rod (3), another termination voltage signal anode;Second conducting wire passes through copper
Piece is contacted with lead screw (7), AI mouthfuls of another termination capture card;Third root conducting wire one terminates voltage signal cathode, another termination acquisition
The GND of card;Friction is determined whether by detecting electric signal.
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CN201910521825.0A CN110333055B (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2019-06-17 | Friction detection device and method for air-floatation friction-free air cylinder |
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