CN110332203B

CN110332203B - Self-locking fastener and assembling and mounting method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110332203B
Application number: CN201910609288.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林远银
Original assignee: Wenzhou Baiya Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Baoxin Petrochemical Parts Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-07-08
Filing date: 2019-07-08
Publication date: 2021-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-08
Also published as: CN110332203A

Abstract

The invention provides a self-locking fastener and an assembling and installing method thereof, belonging to the field of fasteners. It has solved the poor problem of current locking effect of fastener. This self-locking fastener includes bolt and nut, the bolt includes screw rod and bolt head, the nut outer wall is equipped with the counterpoint groove, still including the interior counterpoint cover of cover on the counterpoint groove, the counterpoint groove cell wall is equipped with the spout, interior counterpoint cover inner wall is equipped with the slider, the coaxial ring shape platelike jam plate that is fixed with of interior counterpoint cover bottom, the internal periphery of jam plate is equipped with the locking plate, still including the outer counterpoint cover of cover at the nut outer wall, outer counterpoint cover inner wall is fixed with the spacing ring, interior counterpoint cover outer wall is equipped with the spacing groove, the spacing ring cover is on the spacing groove, the spacing ring inner wall is equipped with the internal tooth, the spacing groove cell wall is equipped with the external tooth, interior counterpoint cover outer wall is fixed with the fender ring, still including the cover counterpoint is sheathe in. The fastener can be suitable for all to-be-connected pieces, has better anti-loosening effect and is very convenient to assemble and disassemble.

Description

Self-locking fastener and assembling and mounting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fasteners, and relates to a self-locking fastener and an assembling and installing method thereof.

Background

The threaded connection is used for fastening, is a common connection mode, has a simple structure, is convenient to assemble and disassemble, is widely applied to various mechanical equipment, but leads to connection looseness due to mechanical vibration, and therefore a fastener capable of effectively preventing looseness is needed.

The prior Chinese patent with application number 201410109674.5 and named as a locking fastener component comprises a bolt and a nut which is matched with the bolt and used for limiting a workpiece, wherein a positioning cap buckle used for limiting a lower nut is arranged between the two nuts, and the short arm of the positioning cap buckle buckles the edge position of the corresponding workpiece, so that the lower nut is limited relative to the workpiece, and the upper nut is used for fixing the positioning cap buckle position, thereby preventing the workpiece from loosening. However, it has the following problems:

1. because the short arm of the positioning cap fastener is required to be fastened at the edge position of the corresponding workpiece, the requirements on the shape and the edge position of the workpiece are met, the edge of the workpiece matched with the short arm is required, and therefore the fastener cannot be suitable for all workpieces.

2. The locking purpose is exactly to prevent that the nut from rotating relative to the bolt, but the forearm in this patent carries on spacingly with work piece and nut, does not make the relative bolt circumference of nut fixed, and two equal spiro unions of nut are on the screw thread of same specification, therefore the work piece vibrations back, and two bolts still can relative nut rotate, can't reach locking effect at all.

3. This scheme part quantity is many, and the installation is loaded down with trivial details, therefore the construction is comparatively troublesome.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a self-locking fastener which is applicable to all to-be-connected parts, has better anti-loosening effect and is very convenient to assemble and disassemble, and an assembling and installing method thereof.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a from locking-type fastener, includes bolt and nut, the bolt includes the screw rod and connects the bolt head in the screw rod bottom, and screw rod wall has the external screw thread, and the nut inner wall has the internal thread, the nut outer wall be regular polygon shell structure, still include the annular plate-shaped jam plate of circle, jam plate top surface and the laminating of nut bottom terminal surface, and the jam plate internal diameter is the same with screw rod footpath, is equipped with a plurality of locking plates in the jam plate, screw rod wall be equipped with the locked groove with the same bar fluting structure of locking plate quantity, locked groove length direction is parallel with the screw rod axis, and can with jam plate cooperation cover on the screw rod to imbed a plurality of locked inslots its characterized in that with a plurality of locking plates in proper order: the outer wall of the nut is provided with a round sleeve-shaped contraposition groove which is coaxial with the nut at the position close to the bottom end, the nut further comprises a round sleeve-shaped inner contraposition sleeve which is sleeved on the contraposition groove in a movable fit manner, the wall of the contraposition groove is coaxially provided with a round ring-shaped sliding groove, the inner wall of the inner contraposition sleeve is provided with a sliding block which is positioned on the sliding groove in a sliding manner, a locking plate is coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the inner contraposition sleeve, the nut further comprises a regular polygon sleeve-shaped outer contraposition sleeve which is sleeved on the outer wall of the nut in a movable fit manner, the inner wall of the outer contraposition sleeve is of a regular polygon sleeve-shaped structure which is matched with the outer wall of the nut, an annular limiting ring is coaxially fixed on the inner wall of the outer contraposition sleeve which is close to the bottom end, the position of the outer wall of the inner contraposition sleeve is coaxially provided with a, the coaxial ring that is fixed with of interior counterpoint cover bottom outer wall keeps off the ring, still including the cover counterpoint sheathe in, and both ends respectively with outer counterpoint cover bottom with keep off the reset spring that the ring offseted, reset spring promote outer counterpoint cover, make the spacing ring remove to the spacing groove top to support on counterpoint groove top, and internal tooth and external tooth meshing, just the jam plate fix through the relative nut circumference of outer counterpoint cover, and can promote outer counterpoint cover towards the nut bottom, make the spacing ring remove to the spacing groove bottom to make internal tooth and external tooth separation, and jam plate and nut circumference swing joint this moment, and can pass through swivel nut, make nut and screw rod spiro union to drive the jam plate along screw rod axial displacement.

The fastener only needs to be matched with the nut through the bolt, and the shape and the edge position of the to-be-connected piece are not required during fastening, so that the fastener is suitable for mounting and fastening all the to-be-connected pieces; in addition, the locking plate in the scheme is circumferentially fixed relative to the nut through the outer alignment sleeve, and the locking plates on the locking plate are clamped into the locking grooves on the screw rod, so that the nut is circumferentially fixed relative to the bolt, locking type locking is realized, and the locking effect is better; the inner teeth on the inner wall of the limiting ring are matched with the outer teeth on the groove wall of the limiting groove, so that the outer alignment sleeve can be ensured to reset by rotating the nut at any angle relative to the lock plate, and the inner teeth and the outer teeth are meshed, so that the inner alignment sleeve and the outer alignment sleeve are circumferentially and relatively fixed; and whole all connect on the nut, only need clip the nut with the spanner mouth of spanner to promote outer counterpoint cover towards the nut bottom, can separate internal tooth and external tooth, later can be normal rotation install and remove the nut, therefore the construction is very convenient high-efficient.

In the self-locking fastener, the outer wall of the top end of the outer alignment sleeve is fixed with a baffle plate perpendicular to the outer alignment sleeve, and the baffle plate can be pushed and the outer alignment sleeve can be moved relative to the nut.

Therefore, the baffle can be conveniently pushed to drive the outer alignment sleeve to move.

In the self-locking fastener, the top end of the internal tooth and the bottom end of the external tooth are respectively provided with a V-shaped guide part, and the internal tooth and the external tooth can be meshed through the matching of the guide parts.

Thereby facilitating the guiding and resetting of the outer contraposition sleeve.

In the self-locking fastener, the inner alignment sleeve is provided with a plurality of connecting holes arranged along the radial direction, connecting bolts are screwed in the connecting holes, and the inner ends of the connecting bolts form sliding blocks which are slidably embedded on the sliding grooves.

Therefore, the fastener is very convenient to assemble.

In the self-locking fastener, the cross section of the locking plate is of a trapezoidal structure, the corresponding bottom edge is connected with the inner periphery of the locking plate, and the bevel edges at the two corresponding sides are arranged along the radial direction of the locking plate.

The structure is more stable.

In the above-mentioned one of the self-locking fasteners, the end of the locking piece is bent toward the top end of the nut.

Therefore, the locking plate is convenient to install on the screw rod.

In the above-mentioned self-locking fastener, the locking plate is cut and bent to form a plurality of elastic pieces, and an included angle between the elastic pieces and the locking plate is an acute angle.

The spring plate is arranged to enable the lock plate to have the function of an elastic gasket.

In the self-locking fastener, the outer alignment sleeve and the baffle are of an integral structure, the inner alignment sleeve and the lock plate are of an integral structure, and the lock plate is formed by cutting and bending the lock plate.

The structure is more stable.

A method of assembly for a self-locking fastener, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

sleeving an outer alignment sleeve on the outer wall of a nut from the bottom end of the nut, sleeving a reset spring on an inner alignment sleeve, and sleeving an inner alignment sleeve on an alignment groove in a movable fit manner;

and step two, the connecting bolt is in threaded connection with the connecting hole, and a sliding block which is embedded on the sliding groove in a sliding mode is formed at the inner end of the connecting bolt.

By the method, the fastener can be conveniently assembled.

A method of installation for a self-locking fastener, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a screw penetrates through a plurality of pieces to be connected, a lock plate is sleeved on the screw in a matched mode, a plurality of lock plates are sequentially embedded into a plurality of lock grooves, a nut is pinched by fingers and pushed towards the bottom end of the nut, an outer alignment sleeve is separated from inner teeth and outer teeth, the nut is screwed with the screw by rotating the nut, and the lock plate is driven to move axially along the screw until the lock plate is close to the pieces to be connected;

and step two, clamping the nut by a wrench opening of the wrench, simultaneously pushing the outer alignment sleeve towards the bottom end of the nut, continuously rotating the nut, separating the wrench opening from the nut when the nut and the connecting piece to be treated compress the lock plate, pushing the outer alignment sleeve by a reset spring, enabling the limiting ring to move to the top end of the limiting groove and abut against the top end of the alignment groove, meshing the inner teeth and the outer teeth, and circumferentially fixing the lock plate relative to the nut through the outer alignment sleeve.

Through the steps, the fastener can be conveniently installed or detached.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the fastener only needs to be matched with the nut through the bolt, and the shape and the edge position of the to-be-connected piece are not required during fastening, so that the fastener is suitable for mounting and fastening all the to-be-connected pieces;

2. in addition, the locking plate in the scheme is circumferentially fixed relative to the nut through the outer alignment sleeve, and the locking plates on the locking plate are clamped into the locking grooves on the screw rod, so that the nut is circumferentially fixed relative to the bolt, locking type locking is realized, and the locking effect is better;

3. the inner teeth on the inner wall of the limiting ring are matched with the outer teeth on the groove wall of the limiting groove, so that the outer alignment sleeve can be ensured to reset by rotating the nut at any angle relative to the lock plate, and the inner teeth and the outer teeth are meshed, so that the inner alignment sleeve and the outer alignment sleeve are circumferentially and relatively fixed;

4. and whole all connect on the nut, only need clip the nut with the spanner mouth of spanner to promote outer counterpoint cover towards the nut bottom, can separate internal tooth and external tooth, later can be normal rotation install and remove the nut, therefore the construction is very convenient high-efficient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the connected state of the present fastener.

Fig. 2 and 3 are partially enlarged views of fig. 1, respectively.

Fig. 4 is another state diagram of fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the nut after installation of the inner and outer alignment sleeves.

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the nut after the inner and outer alignment sleeves have been removed.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the inner alignment sleeve.

Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the outer alignment sleeve.

Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 9.

FIG. 11 is a partial front view of the nut and inner alignment sleeve mated.

In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1. a bolt; 11. a bolt head; 12. a screw; 13. locking the groove;

2. a nut; 21. a positioning groove; 22. a chute;

3. an inner alignment sleeve; 31. a slider; 32. a limiting groove; 33. external teeth; 34. a baffle ring;

4. a locking plate; 41. a locking plate; 42. a spring plate;

5. a return spring;

6. an outer alignment sleeve; 61. a limiting ring; 62. internal teeth; 63. a baffle plate;

7. and (5) connecting the parts to be connected.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in figures 1-11, the invention relates to a self-locking fastener, which comprises a bolt 1 and a nut 2, wherein the bolt 1 comprises a screw 12 and a bolt head 11 connected with the bottom end of the screw 12, the rod wall of the screw 12 is provided with external threads, the inner wall of the nut 2 is provided with internal threads, the outer wall of the nut 2 is of a regular polygon sleeve-shaped structure, the self-locking fastener also comprises a circular plate-shaped locking plate 4, the top surface of the locking plate 4 is attached to the end surface of the bottom end of the nut 2, the inner diameter of the locking plate 4 is the same as the rod diameter of the screw 12, the inner periphery of the locking plate 4 is provided with a plurality of locking plates 41, the rod wall of the screw 12 is provided with locking grooves 13 of a strip-shaped slotted structure with the same number of the locking plates 41, the length direction of the locking grooves 13 is parallel to the axis of the screw 12, the locking plate 4 can be matched and sleeved on the screw 12, the locking plates 41 are sequentially embedded into the locking grooves, the groove wall of the contraposition groove 21 is coaxially provided with a circle of circular sliding grooves 22, the inner wall of the inner contraposition sleeve 3 is provided with a slide block 31 which is positioned on the sliding grooves 22 in a sliding way, the lock plate 4 is coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the inner contraposition sleeve 3, the inner wall of the inner contraposition sleeve 3 also comprises a regular polygon sleeve-shaped outer contraposition sleeve 6 which is sleeved on the outer wall of the nut 2 in a movable fit way, the inner wall of the outer contraposition sleeve 6 is of a regular polygon sleeve-shaped structure matched with the outer wall of the nut 2, the inner wall of the outer contraposition sleeve 6 close to the bottom end is coaxially fixed with a circular sleeve-shaped limiting groove 32, the outer wall of the inner contraposition sleeve 3 close to the top end is coaxially provided with a circular sleeve-shaped limiting groove 32, the limiting ring 61 is sleeved on the limiting groove 32 in a movable fit way, the inner teeth 62 which are distributed along the circumference of the limiting ring 61 are arranged on, and both ends respectively with the outer 6 bottoms of counterpoint cover and keep off the reset spring 5 that ring 34 offseted, reset spring 5 promotes outer counterpoint cover 6, make spacing ring 61 remove to spacing groove 32 top, and support at counterpoint 21 tops, and internal tooth 62 and external tooth 33 meshing, and the jam plate 4 is fixed through outer counterpoint cover 6 relative nut 2 circumference, and can promote outer counterpoint cover 6 towards nut 2 bottom, make spacing ring 61 remove to spacing groove 32 bottom, and make internal tooth 62 and external tooth 33 separate, and jam plate 4 and nut 2 circumference swing joint this moment, and can be through rotating nut 2, make nut 2 and screw rod 12 spiro union, and drive jam plate 4 along screw rod 12 axial displacement.

Furthermore, a baffle 63 perpendicular to the outer alignment sleeve 6 is fixed on the outer wall of the top end of the outer alignment sleeve 6, and can push the baffle 63 and move the outer alignment sleeve 6 relative to the nut 2. The top ends of the internal teeth 62 and the bottom ends of the external teeth 33 are provided with V-shaped guide parts, and the internal teeth 62 and the external teeth 33 can be meshed through the matching of the guide parts. The inner contraposition sleeve 3 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes which are arranged along the radial direction, connecting bolts are screwed in the connecting holes, and the inner ends of the connecting bolts form sliding blocks 31 which are slidably embedded on the sliding grooves 22. The cross section of the locking plate 41 is of a trapezoidal structure, the corresponding bottom edge is connected with the inner periphery of the locking plate 4, and the bevel edges at the two corresponding sides are arranged along the radial direction of the locking plate 4. The end of the locking piece 41 is bent towards the top end of the nut 2. The locking plate 4 is cut and bent to form a plurality of elastic pieces 42, and an included angle between each elastic piece 42 and the locking plate 4 is an acute angle. The outer alignment sleeve 6 and the baffle 63 are of an integral structure, the inner alignment sleeve 3 and the lock plate 4 are of an integral structure, and the lock plate 41 is formed by cutting and bending the lock plate 4.

An assembly method for a self-locking fastener comprising the steps of:

firstly, sleeving an outer alignment sleeve 6 on the outer wall of a nut 2 from the bottom end of the nut 2, sleeving a return spring 5 on an inner alignment sleeve 3, and sleeving an inner alignment sleeve 3 on an alignment groove 21 in a movable fit manner;

and step two, the connecting bolt is in threaded connection with the connecting hole, and a sliding block 31 which is embedded on the sliding groove 22 in a sliding mode is formed at the inner end of the connecting bolt.

A method of installation for a self-locking fastener comprising the steps of:

firstly, a screw 12 penetrates through a plurality of pieces to be connected 7, a locking plate 4 is sleeved on the screw 12 in a matching mode, a plurality of locking plates 41 are sequentially embedded into a plurality of locking grooves 13, a nut 2 is pinched by fingers, an outer alignment sleeve 6 is pushed towards the bottom end of the nut 2, internal teeth 62 and external teeth 33 are separated, the nut 2 is screwed with the screw 12 by rotating the nut 2, and the locking plate 4 is driven to move axially along the screw 12 until the locking plate 4 is close to the pieces to be connected 7;

and step two, clamping the nut 2 by a wrench opening of the wrench, simultaneously pushing the outer alignment sleeve 6 towards the bottom end of the nut 2, continuously rotating the nut 2, separating the wrench opening from the nut 2 when the nut 2 and the connecting piece 7 tightly press the locking plate 4, pushing the outer alignment sleeve 6 by the reset spring 5, enabling the limiting ring 61 to move to the top end of the limiting groove 32 and abut against the top end of the alignment groove 21, meshing the inner teeth 62 with the outer teeth 33, and circumferentially fixing the locking plate 4 relative to the nut 2 through the outer alignment sleeve 6.

The fastener only needs to be matched with the nut 2 through the bolt 1, and the shape and the edge position of the to-be-connected piece 7 are not required during fastening, so that the fastener is suitable for mounting and fastening all the to-be-connected pieces 7; in addition, the locking plate 4 in the scheme is circumferentially fixed relative to the nut 2 through the outer alignment sleeve 6, and the locking plates 41 on the locking plate 4 are clamped into the locking grooves 13 on the screw 12, so that the nut 2 is circumferentially fixed relative to the bolt 1, locking type looseness prevention is realized, and the looseness prevention effect is better; the internal teeth 62 on the inner wall of the limiting ring 61 are matched with the external teeth 33 on the groove wall of the limiting groove 32, so that the outer alignment sleeve 6 can be reset by rotating the nut 2 relative to the lock plate 4 by any angle, and the internal teeth 62 are meshed with the external teeth 33, so that the inner alignment sleeve 3 and the outer alignment sleeve 6 are circumferentially and relatively fixed; and whole all connect on nut 2, only need clip nut 2 with the jaw of spanner to promote outer counterpoint cover 6 towards nut 2 bottom, can separate internal tooth 62 and external tooth 33, later can be normal rotation install and remove nut 2, therefore the construction is very convenient high-efficient.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Although the terms of the bolt 1, the bolt head 11, the screw 12, the locking groove 13, the nut 2, the alignment groove 21, the sliding groove 22, the inner alignment sleeve 3, the sliding block 31, the limiting groove 32, the outer teeth 33, the baffle ring 34, the locking plate 4, the locking plate 41, the elastic sheet 42, the return spring 5, the outer alignment sleeve 6, the limiting ring 61, the inner teeth 62, the baffle 63, the member to be connected 7, and the like are used more frequently, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a from locking-type fastener, includes bolt (1) and nut (2), bolt (1) includes screw rod (12) and connects bolt head (11) in screw rod (12) bottom, and screw rod (12) pole wall has the external screw thread, and nut (2) inner wall has the internal thread, nut (2) outer wall be regular polygon nested structure, still include annular plate-shaped jam plate (4), jam plate (4) top surface and nut (2) bottom terminal surface laminating, and jam plate (4) internal diameter is the same with screw rod (12) rod footpath, and jam plate (4) internal periphery is equipped with a plurality of locking plates (41), screw rod (12) pole wall be equipped with locking groove (13) with the same bar fluting structure of locking plate (41) quantity, locking groove (13) length direction is parallel with screw rod (12) axis, and can with jam plate (4) cooperation cover on screw rod (12) to imbed a plurality of locking plates (41) in a plurality of locking grooves (13) in proper order, the method is characterized in that: the outer wall of the nut (2) is provided with a round sleeve-shaped alignment groove (21) which is coaxial with the nut (2) and close to the bottom end, and further comprises a round sleeve-shaped inner alignment sleeve (3) which is sleeved on the alignment groove (21) in a movable fit manner, the groove wall of the alignment groove (21) is coaxially provided with a circle of circular ring-shaped sliding groove (22), the inner wall of the inner alignment sleeve (3) is provided with a sliding block (31) which is positioned on the sliding groove (22) in a sliding manner, a lock plate (4) is coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the inner alignment sleeve (3), the outer alignment sleeve (6) is sleeved in a regular polygon sleeve-shaped outer alignment sleeve (6) which is movably fitted on the outer wall of the nut (2), the inner wall of the outer alignment sleeve (6) is of a regular polygon sleeve-shaped structure which is matched with the outer wall of the nut (2), the inner wall of the outer alignment sleeve (6) close to the bottom end is, the limiting ring (61) is sleeved on the limiting groove (32) in a movable fit manner, the inner wall of the limiting ring (61) is provided with inner teeth (62) distributed along the circumferential direction of the limiting ring (61), the groove wall of the limiting groove (32) close to the top end is provided with outer teeth (33) distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner contraposition sleeve (3), the outer wall of the bottom end of the inner contraposition sleeve (3) is coaxially fixed with a circular ring-shaped baffle ring (34), the limiting ring is further sleeved on the inner contraposition sleeve (3), two ends of the inner contraposition sleeve (6) are respectively abutted against a return spring (5) at the bottom end of the outer contraposition sleeve (6) and the baffle ring (34), the return spring (5) pushes the outer contraposition sleeve (6) to move the limiting ring (61) to the top end of the limiting groove (32) and abut against the top end of the contraposition groove (21), the inner teeth (62) are meshed with the outer teeth (33), and the lock plate (4) is circumferentially fixed relative, and can promote outer counterpoint cover (6) towards nut (2) bottom, make spacing ring (61) remove to spacing groove (32) bottom to make internal tooth (62) and external tooth (33) separation, and jam plate (4) and nut (2) circumference swing joint this moment, and can pass through swivel nut (2), make nut (2) and screw rod (12) spiro union, and drive jam plate (4) along screw rod (12) axial displacement.

2. A self-locking fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the top end of the outer aligning sleeve (6) is fixedly provided with a baffle (63) which is vertical to the outer aligning sleeve (6), and the baffle (63) can be pushed and the outer aligning sleeve (6) can be moved relative to the nut (2).

3. A self-locking fastener according to claim 2, wherein: the top end of the internal tooth (62) and the bottom end of the external tooth (33) are respectively provided with a V-shaped guide part, and the internal tooth (62) and the external tooth (33) can be meshed through the matching of the guide parts.

4. A self-locking fastener according to claim 3, wherein: the inner contraposition sleeve (3) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes which are arranged along the radial direction, connecting bolts are screwed in the connecting holes, and the inner ends of the connecting bolts form sliding blocks (31) which are embedded on the sliding grooves (22) in a sliding mode.

5. The self-locking fastener of claim 4, wherein: the cross section of the locking plate (41) is of a trapezoidal structure, the corresponding bottom edge is connected with the inner periphery of the locking plate (4), and the bevel edges on the two corresponding sides are arranged along the radial direction of the locking plate (4).

6. The self-locking fastener of claim 5, wherein: the end part of the locking plate (41) is bent towards the top end of the nut (2).

7. The self-locking fastener of claim 6, wherein: the lock plate (4) is cut and bent to form a plurality of elastic sheets (42), and an included angle between each elastic sheet (42) and the lock plate (4) is an acute angle.

8. A self-locking fastener according to claim 7, wherein: outer counterpoint cover (6) and baffle (63) structure as an organic whole, interior counterpoint cover (3) and jam plate (4) structure as an organic whole, locking plate (41) for jam plate (4) cutting and bending type become.

9. A method of assembly for the self-locking fastener of claim 8, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, sleeving an outer alignment sleeve (6) on the outer wall of a nut (2) from the bottom end of the nut (2), sleeving a return spring (5) on an inner alignment sleeve (3), and sleeving the inner alignment sleeve (3) on an alignment groove (21) in a movable fit manner;

and step two, the connecting bolt is in threaded connection with the connecting hole, and a sliding block (31) which is embedded on the sliding groove (22) in a sliding mode is formed at the inner end of the connecting bolt.

10. A method of installation for the self-locking fastener of claim 8, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a screw rod (12) penetrates through a plurality of to-be-connected pieces (7), a locking plate (4) is sleeved on the screw rod (12) in a matching mode, a plurality of locking plates (41) are sequentially embedded into a plurality of locking grooves (13), a nut (2) is pinched by fingers, an outer contraposition sleeve (6) is pushed towards the bottom end of the nut (2), so that internal teeth (62) and external teeth (33) are separated, the nut (2) is screwed with the screw rod (12) by rotating the nut (2), and the locking plate (4) is driven to axially move along the screw rod (12) until the locking plate (4) is close to the to-be-connected pieces (7);

step two, carry nut (2) with the spanner mouth of spanner, simultaneously towards nut (2) bottom promote outer counterpoint cover (6), continue swivel nut (2), when nut (2) with treat that connecting piece (7) compress tightly jam plate (4), separation spanner mouth and nut (2), reset spring (5) promote outer counterpoint cover (6), make spacing ring (61) remove to spacing groove (32) top, and support on counterpoint groove (21) top, and internal tooth (62) and external tooth (33) meshing, and jam plate (4) are fixed through outer counterpoint cover (6) relative nut (2) circumference.