CN110331398B - Composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of special composite coatings, and particularly relates to a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite coating consists of high-entropy alloy and tungsten carbide, wherein the tungsten carbide contains large-particle tungsten carbide; the particle size of the large-particle tungsten carbide is 75-150 microns. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing high-entropy alloy powder and large-particle tungsten carbide according to a set proportion; the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide is prepared by a laser cladding and rapid cooling method. By adopting the preparation process, the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating is prepared while the matrix and the large-particle tungsten carbide are protected from being damaged, the uniform distribution of the large-particle tungsten carbide particles in the composite coating is realized, and the preparation process is suitable for large-particle tungsten carbide particles with various qualities and various types of laser cladding equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of special composite coatings, and relates to a high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating with uniformly distributed large-particle WC (wolfram carbide), and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Cast iron brake discs are the most commonly used material in motor vehicles and rail transit brake systems. The cast iron brake disc has good friction performance, strong wear resistance and heat resistance, thermal crack resistance, deformation resistance and better castability. However, the cast iron brake disc has low strength and can only bear the braking capability below 350 ℃. And because the brake disc is exposed outside for a long time in the use process, the working environment is worse, and the temperature difference of the brake disc is larger. If the vehicle is parked for a long time or in a humid environment, rust is generated on the surface of the brake disc, and the rust affects the normal operation of the brake system. Therefore, the coating is prepared on the cast iron brake disc, and the performance of the brake disc is improved.
The WC reinforced composite coating is a coating with high wear resistance, high hardness and good high-temperature resistance. But the preparation of the WC reinforced composite coating still faces a plurality of problems: in terms of raw materials, the traditional tungsten carbide-based hard surface material mainly takes iron, cobalt, nickel and alloy thereof as a binder, but the cobalt is expensive in manufacturing cost, the iron and nickel-based materials are poor in stability of a bonding interface, harmful compound inclusions are easily formed, and WC falls off easily in the friction and wear process; in terms of process, the traditional WC reinforced composite coating preparation technology mainly comprises a spraying technology and an arc welding technology, wherein the coating prepared by the spraying technology cannot generate metallurgical bonding between the composite coating and a substrate, and in contrast, the arc welding technology can form a molten pool on the surface of the substrate to provide good metallurgical bonding, but because the energy input is too large, the dilution degree of the composite coating is too high, the substrate is seriously deformed, WC particles are too much dissolved, and the comprehensive mechanical property is reduced; finally, there is a problem of bottoming of the WC particles during the coating preparation process, since the WC density tends to be higher than the binder.
The high-entropy alloy has the characteristics of high mixed entropy and difficult diffusion of atoms, so that a single solid solution phase with high thermal stability is easily obtained, and complex carbide inclusions can be avoided when the composite material is prepared. Meanwhile, the high-entropy alloy is a multi-principal-element alloy material, the mole fraction of each principal element is the same, and the performance of various alloy elements can be combined.
The laser cladding is prepared by melting raw materials on a substrate by applying energy to prepare a coating, but the laser cladding is different from plasma spraying in that a heat source used by the laser cladding is a beam of laser, and high energy is generated in the cladding process, so that the metallurgical bonding of the raw materials and a matrix can be easily realized, and the bonding strength of the coating is more excellent. On the other hand, the laser beam can be focused on a small area, and the heat affected zone formed on the substrate is very shallow, which can reduce cracking and deformation of the substrate or change the metallurgical state to the maximum extent. The laser cladding technology has advantages in preparing thicker high-entropy alloy coating, and is the main method for preparing the thicker high-entropy alloy coating. Meanwhile, compared with magnetron sputtering, the operation of the method is simple and convenient, and the quality of the coating is much better than that of thermal spraying. In addition, the high-entropy alloy coating prepared by laser cladding also has unique advantages. Because the cooling rate in the laser cladding process is higher, the solid solution limit of alloy elements in the coating can be improved, the solid solution strengthening effect is further enhanced, and meanwhile, the nucleation rate can be effectively improved to refine grains. In the non-equilibrium solidification process, a phenomenon of precipitation of a small amount of nano-crystals and fine intermetallic compounds exists, so that the high-entropy alloy can generate obvious fine-grain strengthening and certain dispersion strengthening effects.
At present, research on the preparation of the high-entropy alloy/tungsten carbide composite coating by laser cladding has been carried out to a certain extent, for example, in the research of the influence of WC particles on the organization and hardness of the laser cladding FeCoCrNiCu high-entropy alloy coating by Huang Zuangfeng and the like, the WC particles are found to be dissolved and completely melted into an FCC phase and a BCC phase under the set conditions. The technology is also related to Chengliu of Guizhou university in the Master thesis 'influence of hard phase WC and TiC on the structure and performance of laser cladding high-entropy alloy MoFeCrTiW coating layer', but research shows that when the content of WC is 30%, the coating crystal grains are fine and compact, elements Mo, Ti and W are mainly enriched in dendritic crystals, and the content of Fe and Cr interdendritic crystals is higher; the content of metal compounds (such as TiCr, TiCr2 and the like) in the coating is obviously reduced, and a small amount of dispersed WC particles (the content of the WC particles is low and cannot be detected in XRD at all, and the particle size of the WC particles is small) appear in the coating; the hardness reaches the highest (about 657HV0.2), the friction coefficient is lower (about 0.25), the abrasion loss is reduced, and the abrasion resistance is improved; electrochemical experiments show that the self-corrosion current density of the coating is increased, the self-corrosion potential is reduced, and the corrosion resistance is reduced.
So far, no relevant report of the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide and a preparation method thereof for the first time. The designed and prepared composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide has excellent wear resistance and hardness far higher than that of like products, and particularly, the hardness inside the coating is far higher than that of like products.
The composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide is composed of a high-entropy alloy and tungsten carbide, wherein the tungsten carbide contains large-particle tungsten carbide; the particle size of the large-particle tungsten carbide is 20 to 150 micrometers, preferably 35 to 150 micrometers, more preferably 40 to 150 micrometers, and still more preferably 100 to 150 micrometers.
As a preferred scheme, in the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide, the particle size of the tungsten carbide in the coating is 20-125 microns; and particles of 50 microns or more account for 50% or more of the volume of all particles. The invention relates to a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide, in the coating, the large-particle tungsten carbide is provided by raw material tungsten carbide particles, the high-entropy alloy is provided by a high-entropy alloy raw material, and the high-entropy alloy raw material is high-entropy alloy powder and/or each component powder of the high-entropy alloy powder; according to the mass ratio, the raw material tungsten carbide particles are as follows: (raw material tungsten carbide particles + high-entropy alloy raw material) is 0.1-0.7. Of course, in the coating designed by the invention, the raw material tungsten carbide particles are as follows by mass ratio: the range of 0.35 to 0.65, 0.4 to 0.65, and 0.45 to 0.55 (the raw material tungsten carbide particles + the high-entropy alloy raw material) is also included in the scope of the present invention. In the composite coating designed by the invention, a high-hardness area exists in an area which is 100-500 microns away from the outer surface of the coating; the hardness of the high-hardness region is greater than the hardness of other parts in the coating. This design greatly improves the performance of the product.
The invention relates to a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide, wherein the high-entropy alloy is composed of at least three elements of Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Al, Cu, Zn and Nb.
Preferably, the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating contains four elements of Fe, Co, Cr and Ni.
In the high-entropy alloy, the molar ratio of Fe: co: cr: ni ═ 0.1 to 1: 0.1-1: 0.1-1: 0.1 to 1, preferably in terms of molar ratios, Fe: co: cr: ni is 0.1 to 0.9: 0.1-0.9: 0.1-0.9: 0.1 to 0.9.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide; preparing high-entropy alloy raw material powder and raw material tungsten carbide particles according to a set proportion; preparing a composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide by laser cladding energy input and rapid cooling; the energy density range of the laser cladding input energy is 10.58-111.11J/mm-2Cooling rate of 10 or more6DEG C/min; when energy is input in laser cladding, the diameter D of a light spot is 4.5-6.3 mm, and the moving speed of an energy input point is 4-15 mm/s; the obtained product contains large-particle tungsten carbide with the particle size of 74-150 microns.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide; the particle size of the high-entropy alloy raw material powder is 74-150 mu m, the fluidity is more than 10g/s, and the oxygen content is less than 800ppm, preferably less than 500 ppm.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide; the raw material tungsten carbide particles are large-particle tungsten carbide particles with the particle size of 50-200 mu m, preferably 74-150 mu m. Preferably, the large-particle tungsten carbide particles are prepared by atomization.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide; preferably, the laser energy density range is preferably 19-45J/mm during laser cladding-2And the laser cladding speed range is 6-8 mm/s.
Preferably, the control laser power range is: 1000 to 2000w, more preferably 1000 to 1200 w; controlling the flow rate of the inert protective gas to be 1-30L/min, and preferably 15-30L/min; the powder feeding rate is controlled to be 1.5-8.5 g/s. More preferably 1.5 to 6.5 g/s.
Preferably, the laser cladding process adopts a cooling method including inert gas cooling or liquid nitrogen cooling.
As a preferred scheme, when the composite coating is prepared by laser cladding; firstly, uniformly mixing raw material tungsten carbide particles and high-entropy alloy powder, and preheating to 30-100 ℃; feeding according to a set powder feeding speed; and then carrying out laser cladding.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide; 42CrMo is used as a bearing body; preparing the composite coating on the surface of the composite coating by laser cladding. Of course, the composite coating and method of making contemplated by the present invention is applicable to all composite coated tire casings (i.e., carriers) that are currently on the market.
As a preferential process, the included angle ranges between the surface of the composite coating and the laser light source and the powder feeder are as follows: 35 to 145 degrees.
As a preferred scheme, when the composite coating is prepared by adopting laser cladding, CO is adopted2And carrying out laser cladding on the gas laser or the YAG solid laser under a protective atmosphere.
The invention relates to the application of a composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide; the application comprises the use thereof as a wear resistant material.
Preferably, the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide is applied; the wear resistant material is used for braking of a vehicle. Including as a brake disc.
Principles and advantages
The invention designs and prepares the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide for the first time; the performance of the composite coating is superior to that of the existing high-entropy alloy/tungsten carbide composite coating.
The invention designs and prepares the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide with the proportion of the large-particle tungsten carbide being more than 35 wt% and excellent performance for the first time. Especially when the proportion of the large-particle tungsten carbide is more than 50 wt%, the WC in the obtained product still keeps high bonding property with the matrix.
The invention utilizes the high-entropy alloy as the composite coating of the large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating, and the high-entropy alloy has high hardness, good wear resistance and controllable alloy components, and simultaneously, the selected elements have good wettability with WC, thereby meeting the performance requirements of the large-particle tungsten carbide coating, and the prepared large-particle tungsten carbide reinforced composite coating has good performance.
According to the invention, a laser cladding process is adopted, high-entropy alloy powder is melted, the cladding rate is reduced, the contact time of the large-particle tungsten carbide and the substrate to laser is shortened, and meanwhile, the high-entropy alloy is instantly combined with the large-particle tungsten carbide and the substrate in the fast melting and fast cooling process, so that the problems of bottom precipitation and dissolution of the large-particle tungsten carbide in the traditional laser process are solved, and the laser process preparation of the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with high-entropy alloy and small-particle WC powder, the coating has the advantages that the hardness of the coating substrate is equivalent, the macroscopic hardness of the coating is increased, and the wear resistance is improved.
(2) Compared with a high-entropy alloy and tungsten carbide block, the wear resistance is improved.
(3) Compared with Ni + WC, the coating has improved hardness and wear resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a high entropy alloy/large grain tungsten carbide coating produced by example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microscopic SEM photograph of the high-entropy alloy/large-grain tungsten carbide composite coating prepared in example 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a hardness variation curve of the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating under different process conditions;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the product obtained by plasma cladding.
FIG. 5 is a macro-topography of the product obtained in comparative example 6.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the coating structure is complete, the surface is crack-free, and a good metallurgical bond is formed.
As can be seen from fig. 2: WC is uniformly distributed in the high-entropy alloy, and the phenomenon of bottom sinking does not occur.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the hardness is higher as the WC content increases.
As can be seen in fig. 4, the coating prepared by plasma cladding has the problem of WC bottom deposition.
As can be seen from fig. 5: the coating showed the presence of significant macrocracks.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be explained in more detail and fully hereinafter with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments of the specification, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs and are intended to be descriptive of specific embodiments only and not to limit the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention, the material of the composite coating matrix is cast iron.
Comparative example 1: ni60+ WC:
the substrate material used in the experiment was Q235 steel, which was processed into a sample of 110mm by 40mm by 6mm, polished with sand paper and cleaned with acetone before laser cladding. The cladding material is Ni60 alloy powder with the granularity of 45-105 mu m, and the granularity of nickel-coated WC particles is 75-150 mu m. The laser power is 1.8KW, and the scanning speed is 3 mm/s; the spot diameter D is 3mm, the wear resistance is best when the WC content is 20%, and the WC particles fall off when the WC content is more.
In the designed scheme of the invention, when the WC reaches 60 wt%, the WC coating does not fall off greatly.
Comparative example 2: FeCoCrNi + Small particle WC
The laser cladding equipment is a GFT-IVB type CO2 transverse flow laser. The substrate used in the experiment was a Q235 steel plate, which was processed into a 40mm by 20mm by 10mm sample, the surface of which was sanded with sand paper and cleaned with alcohol and acetone, respectively. The cladding material is prepared by mixing Fe powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Ni powder and ferroboron powder with the purity higher than 99% according to the equal molar ratio requirement of FeCoCrNi, wherein the particle size of the Fe powder, the Co powder, the Cr powder and the Ni powder is 200-300 meshes. The laser power is 1.8KW, and the scanning speed is 3 mm/s; the diameter D of the light spot is 3mm, the content of tungsten carbide is 20 wt%, and the granularity is 4.5-10 mu m; the coating does not contain WC particles, only a hard phase exists, the hardness is equivalent to that of the coating of the invention, but the wear resistance is poor.
Comparative example 3
The other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that: the granularity of the original tungsten carbide material particles is less than or equal to 30 microns; the dosage of WC is 30 wt%, the laser power is 1.8KW, and the scanning speed is 3 mm/s; the diameter D of the facula is 3mm, and only a small amount of WC is dispersedly distributed in the obtained product; and the particle size is less than 5 microns.
Comparative example 4
The other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that: the amount of WC is 80 wt.%, which leads to cracking of the coating.
Comparative example 5: plasma cladding FeCoCrNi + WC
In the experiment, the FeCoCrNi/WC composite coating is prepared by adopting a plasma cladding process, and the prepared coating has the problem of bottom sinking, particularly when the content of WC is less. The detailed picture is shown in figure 4.
Example series 1:
a method for rapidly preparing a high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding is characterized in that a high-speed laser cladding method is adopted, a FeCoCrNi high-entropy alloy is used as a bonding agent, the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating is prepared, and the mass ratio fractions of large-particle tungsten carbide particles are respectively as follows: 20%, 40% and 60%.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting commercially available Fe, Co, Cr and Ni powder with purity higher than 99.5% (mass percentage) and average grain diameter of 50 μm, and taking the molar ratio as Fe: co: cr: mixing Ni in the ratio of 1:1:1:1 to form the high multi-principal-element alloy matrix powder.
(2) And preparing the mixed multi-principal-element powder into spherical powder by gas atomization.
(3) Sequentially preparing multi-principal-element alloy powder according to the mass ratio: weighing WC particles with the particle size of 74-200 mu m according to the weight ratio of 2:3, 3:2 and 4:1, mixing the WC particles with the multi-principal-element alloy powder after ball milling, preheating, putting into a bin of laser cladding equipment, and cladding on the surface of the derusted and polished 42CrMo stainless steel. The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power P is 1000w, v is 6-8 mm/s, the spot diameter D is 4.5mm (the energy density rho is P/Dv), and the protective gas flow is 10L/min. A multi-principal element alloy/tungsten carbide composite (about 2mm thick) was finally obtained.
In this series of embodiments; multi-principal component alloy powder: photographs of the product obtained with WC particles 2:3 are shown in fig. 1, 2; wherein FIG. 1 is a multi-principal element alloy powder: frontal view of the product obtained with WC particles 2: 3; FIG. 2 is a SEM image of the microstructure of a cross section of a composite coating; it can be seen that the large-particle tungsten carbide is uniformly distributed in the FeCoCrNi binder, and the large-particle tungsten carbide is tightly combined with the binder; the white dots in the figure are tungsten carbide; as can be seen from the figure, the particle size of the tungsten carbide is 20 microns to 125 microns; and particles of 50 microns or more account for 50% or more of the volume of all particles.
The high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating prepared by the embodiment is tested, and the hardness characterization curve of the product is shown in figure 3; the abscissa of fig. 3 is in micrometers.
As a preferable scheme: multi-principal component alloy powder: WC particles 2:3, the average microhardness of the entire coating in the resulting product being about 745HV0.2(hardness is highest at 800 μm from the surface of the coating, and 862HV) the volumetric wear rate of the coating is 0.137X 10～5mm3And (N.m) shows that the coating hardness and the wear resistance of the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide are good and exceed the performances of WC coatings prepared by other existing processes. Meanwhile, the invention shows that under the condition of high WC content, the WC and the matrix still keep high bonding property.
The service life of the product developed by the invention is longer than the hardness and the wear resistance of the existing large-particle tungsten carbide coating held by other metals.
Example 2:
the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting commercially available elementary metal with the purity higher than 99.5% (mass percentage), and mixing the elementary metal with Fe: co: cr: weighing Ni in a ratio of 1:1:1:1, and preparing multi-principal-element alloy powder by a smelting-gas atomization process;
(2) sequentially preparing multi-principal-element alloy powder according to the mass ratio: weighing WC particles with the particle size of 75-125 mu m according to the weight ratio of 4:1, mixing the WC particles with the multi-principal-element alloy powder subjected to ball milling, preheating, putting into a bin of laser cladding equipment, and cladding on the surface of the derusting and polished 42CrMo stainless steel. The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power P is 1000w, v is 4-15 mm/s, the spot diameter D is 4.5mm, and the flow rate of the protective gas is 10L/min. Finally, the multi-principal element alloy/tungsten carbide composite coating (the thickness is about 2mm) is obtained.
In the embodiment, large-particle tungsten carbide is uniformly distributed in the FeCoCrNi bonding agent and is tightly bonded with the bonding agent; average microhardness of about 432HV0.2(hardness is highest at 800 μm from the surface of the coating and is about 500HV) the volumetric wear rate of the coating is 0.592X 10～5mm3And v (N.m), the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide composite coating has certain hardness and wear resistance.
Example 3
The steps of this example are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that in step (1), the atomized powder is subjected to a crushing process to obtain irregular WC particles, and the irregular WC particles are clad as a tungsten carbide raw material.
In the series of the embodiment, the tungsten carbide with large particles and irregular morphology is retained in the FeCoCrNi binding agent and is tightly combined with the binding agent; when the multi-principal-element alloy powder: when the WC particles are 2:3 (mass ratio), the average microhardness of the composite coating is about 698HV0.2The volumetric wear rate is 0.154X 10～5mm3And (N.m) shows that the high-entropy alloy/large-particle tungsten carbide coating prepared by the tungsten carbide particles with irregular shapes has good hardness and wear resistance.
Comparative example 6:
(1) selecting commercially available Fe, Co, Cr and Ni powder with purity higher than 99.5% (mass percentage) and average grain diameter of 50 μm, and taking the molar ratio as Fe: co: cr: mixing Ni in the ratio of 1:1:1:1 to form the high multi-principal-element alloy matrix powder.
(2) And preparing the mixed multi-principal-element powder into spherical powder by gas atomization.
(3) Multi-principal-element alloy powder according to mass ratio: weighing WC particles with the particle size of 74-200 mu m according to the weight ratio of 1:4, mixing the WC particles with the multi-principal-element alloy powder subjected to ball milling, preheating, putting into a bin of laser cladding equipment, and cladding on the surface of the derusted and polished 42CrMo stainless steel. The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power P is 1000w, v is 4-15 mm/s, the spot diameter D is 4.5mm, and the flow rate of the protective gas is 10L/min. A multi-principal element alloy/tungsten carbide composite (about 2mm thick) was finally obtained.
In this comparative example, the coating was found to indicate the presence of significant macrocracks, as shown in FIG. 5.
Claims (5)
1. The composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide is characterized in that: the composite coating consists of high-entropy alloy and tungsten carbide, wherein the tungsten carbide contains large-particle tungsten carbide; the particle size of the large-particle tungsten carbide is 74-150 micrometers;
the high-entropy alloy is prepared from four elements of Fe, Co, Cr and Ni according to molar ratio, Fe: co: cr: ni = 0.1-1: 0.1-1: 0.1-1: 0.1-1;
the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide is prepared by the following scheme:
preparing high-entropy alloy raw material powder and raw material tungsten carbide particles according to a set proportion; preparing a composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide by laser cladding energy input and rapid cooling; the energy density range of the laser cladding input energy is 19-45J/mm2The laser cladding speed range is 6-8 mm/s, and the cooling speed is more than or equal to 106DEG C/min; when energy is input by laser cladding, the diameter D of a light spot is 4.5-6.3 mm; the obtained product contains large-particle tungsten carbide, and the particle size of the large-particle tungsten carbide is 74-150 micrometers; the control laser power range is as follows: 1000-1200W; controlling the flow of inert protective gas to be 15-30L/min; controlling the powder feeding rate to be 1.5-6.5 g/s; the raw material tungsten carbide particles are50~200μm；
When the composite coating is prepared by laser cladding; firstly, uniformly mixing raw material tungsten carbide particles and high-entropy alloy powder, and preheating to 30-100 ℃; feeding according to a set powder feeding speed; and then carrying out laser cladding.
2. A composite coating of high-entropy alloy composite large-grain tungsten carbide according to claim 1, wherein: in the coating, large-particle tungsten carbide is provided by raw material tungsten carbide particles, the high-entropy alloy is provided by a high-entropy alloy raw material, and the high-entropy alloy raw material is high-entropy alloy powder and/or each component powder of the high-entropy alloy powder;
according to the mass ratio, the raw material tungsten carbide particles are as follows: (raw material tungsten carbide particles + high-entropy alloy raw material) = 0.2-0.7.
3. A composite coating of high entropy alloy composite large grain tungsten carbide according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: the particle size of the high-entropy alloy raw material powder is 74-150 mu m, the fluidity is more than 10g/s, and the oxygen content is less than 800 ppm.
4. Use of a composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-grain tungsten carbide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; the method is characterized in that: the application comprises the use thereof as a wear resistant material.
5. The application of the composite coating of the high-entropy alloy composite large-particle tungsten carbide according to claim 4; the method is characterized in that: the wear resistant material is used in a brake apparatus for a vehicle, the brake apparatus comprising a brake disc.
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