CN110330230A - Glass powder, conductive silver paste, rear surface of solar cell electrode and solar battery - Google Patents
Glass powder, conductive silver paste, rear surface of solar cell electrode and solar battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110330230A CN110330230A CN201910487257.7A CN201910487257A CN110330230A CN 110330230 A CN110330230 A CN 110330230A CN 201910487257 A CN201910487257 A CN 201910487257A CN 110330230 A CN110330230 A CN 110330230A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101001073212 Arabidopsis thaliana Peroxidase 33 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101001123325 Homo sapiens Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100028961 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 acid anhydride acetic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Inorganic materials [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSSYLTMKCUORDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Ba+2] CSSYLTMKCUORDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001579 optical reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/24—Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions, i.e. for use as seals between dissimilar materials, e.g. glass and metal; Glass solders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The present invention provides glass powder, conductive silver paste, rear surface of solar cell electrode and solar batteries.Wherein, the raw material for forming the glass powder includes: cerium oxide 3-7 parts by weight；Bismuth oxide 10-60 parts by weight；Silica 5-20 parts by weight；Aluminium oxide 0.5-10 parts by weight；Sodium oxide molybdena 0.5-11 parts by weight；Titanium dioxide 0.1-5 parts by weight；Zinc oxide 1-10 parts by weight.Inventor's discovery, the glass powder is at low cost, is conducive to be mass produced, and the glassy layer obtained after the glass powder sintering can be with high-efficiency reflective long wavelength light, applied to the utilization rate that can be greatly improved in solar battery to sunlight, and then improve the short circuit current of battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar cell material technical fields, specifically, being related to glass powder, conductive silver paste, solar-electricity
Pond rear electrode and solar battery.
Background technique
Passivation emitter and back side battery (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell, abbreviation PERC battery) are
A kind of high performance solar batteries of industrialization are quickly grown and gradually realized in recent years.This kind of battery front side uses silicon nitride
(SiNx) film is passivated, and has effectively played the effect of antireflective and passivation；The back side uses aluminium oxide (AlOx)/SiNx or oxidation
The passivation of silicon (SiOx)/SiNx stack membrane, it is compound to effectively reduce few son, can also play the role of back reflection, increase silicon wafer
Absorption to long wavelength light, and then improve the efficiency of solar battery.The existing conductive silver paste master for being used to form rear electrode
Will be by mitigating the corrosion raising battery efficiency to passivation layer, but the promotion of battery efficiency still has space.Thus, at present too
Positive energy battery still needs to be studied.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable glass powder of softening point temperature, which leads for making
The glassy layer of electric silver paste, the silver electrode and passivation layer interface that obtain after conductive silver paste sintering can be with high-efficiency reflective long wavelength
Light.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of glass powders.According to an embodiment of the invention, described in being formed
The raw material of glass powder includes: cerium oxide 3-7 parts by weight；Bismuth oxide 10-60 parts by weight；Silica 5-20 parts by weight；Aluminium oxide
0.5-10 parts by weight；Sodium oxide molybdena 0.5-11 parts by weight；Titanium dioxide 0.1-5 parts by weight；Zinc oxide 1-10 parts by weight.Invention human hair
Existing, the glass powder is at low cost, is conducive to be mass produced, and the glassy layer formed after sintering can be with high-efficiency reflective long wavelength light, will
Silicon wafer can be improved to the utilization rate of sunlight in the glass powder when being applied in rear surface of solar cell electrode, and then improves the sun
The short circuit current of energy battery.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the cerium oxide is 3-6 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the aluminium oxide is 0.5-8 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the aluminium oxide is 1-7 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the titanium dioxide is 0.2-5 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the titanium dioxide is 0.25-3 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the bismuth oxide is 20-60 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the content of the bismuth oxide is 20-55 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the glass powder meets at least one of the following conditions: partial size is 0.1-15 microns；
Softening point temperature is 480-550 degrees Celsius.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of conductive silver pastes.According to an embodiment of the invention, before including
Glass powder described in face.Inventors have found that the conductive silver paste is suitable for production rear surface of solar cell electrode, in the conductive silver paste
Glass powder can promote the sintering of silver powder, form fine and close silver electrode；Hardly the passivation layer of solar battery is produced simultaneously
Raw burn erosion, improves the open-circuit voltage of solar battery and the excellent effect of battery efficiency；And attachment of the silver electrode to passivation layer
Power is strong.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of rear surface of solar cell electrodes.Reality according to the present invention
Example is applied, which be prepared using mentioned-above conductive silver paste.Inventors have found that conductive silver
The utilization rate that silicon wafer can be improved to sunlight in the glassy layer of the silver electrode and passivation layer interface that are formed after slurry sintering, Jin Erke
To improve the short circuit current of battery, and rear electrode is strong to the adhesive force of passivation layer, and the structure that solar battery can be improved is steady
It is qualitative, extend the service life of solar battery.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of solar batteries.According to an embodiment of the invention, this is too
Positive energy battery includes mentioned-above rear surface of solar cell electrode.Inventors have found that the solar battery short circuit current, open circuit
Voltage and battery efficiency are high, and service performance is excellent, at low cost, are conducive to be mass produced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the glass of the interface of the silver electrode and passivation layer that are formed after the conductive silver paste sintering
Glass layer is up to 37% to the reflectivity of long wavelength light.
The present invention can at least obtain it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) glass powder of the invention is formed after conductive silver paste sintering suitable for rear surface of solar cell electrode is prepared
Silver electrode and the glassy layer of passivation layer interface can increase the reflectivity to long wavelength light, and then improve solar battery
Short circuit current；
(2) glass powder of the invention can effectively mitigate conductive silver paste to passivation layer for rear surface of solar cell electrode
Corrosion, so as to improve the open-circuit voltage and battery efficiency of solar battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of solar battery in one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining this hair
It is bright, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to text in the art
It offers described technology or conditions or is carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer,
For can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of glass powders.According to an embodiment of the invention, described in being formed
The raw material of glass powder includes: cerium oxide (CeO2) 3-7 parts by weight (such as 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7
Parts by weight etc.)；Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) 10-60 parts by weight (such as 10 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 50
Parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight etc.)；Silica (SiO2) 5-20 parts by weight (such as 5 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 9 weights
Measure part, 11 parts by weight, 13 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 17 parts by weight, 19 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight etc.)；Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)
0.5-10 parts by weight (such as 0.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight etc.)；Sodium oxide molybdena
(Na2O) 0.5-11 parts by weight (such as 0.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 11
Parts by weight etc.)；Titanium dioxide (TiO2) 0.1-5 parts by weight (such as 0.1 parts by weight, 1 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 weights
Measure part, 5 parts by weight etc.)；Zinc oxide (ZnO) 1-10 parts by weight (such as 1 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 8 weights
Measure part, 10 parts by weight etc.).Inventors have found that the glass powder is at low cost, be conducive to be mass produced；After the glass powder sintering
Utilization of the silicon wafer to sunlight can be improved to long wavelength light reflectivity with higher, for solar battery in the glassy layer arrived
Rate, and then improve the short circuit current of solar battery.
Weaken conductive silver paste to the corrosion of passivation layer and resistance to currently, being concentrated mainly on to the improvement of the performance of solar battery
Two aspect of weldering property, there is no the reflections by increasing long wavelength light to further increase battery efficiency to improve short circuit current
Method.And in this application, cerium oxide, which is added, in glass powder can make the glassy layer obtained after sintering enhance to long wavelength
The reflection of light.
It should be noted that describing mode " long wavelength light " used by herein refers to that wavelength is 700-1100 nanometers
Light.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the sodium oxide molybdena in above-mentioned glass powder is conducive to glass powder thawing and glass clarifying, make
The appropriate crystallization of system is obtained, so that the glassy layer obtained after glass powder sintering enhances long wave reflection, improves light utilization；Titanium dioxide
Silicon tetrahedral structure is stablized, and participates in glass network and generates；The optical stability of glass can be improved in aluminium oxide；And by the glass powder
When conductive silver paste applied to solar battery, glass powder can promote the sintering of silver powder, form fine and close silver electrode；It is several simultaneously
Ablation will not be generated to the passivation layer of battery, and then it is compound to reduce few son, improves the open-circuit voltage of battery, conductive silver paste
The glassy layer of the silver electrode and passivation layer interface that are formed after sintering is high to the reflectivity of long wavelength light, to the adhesive force of passivation layer
By force, it can be further improved the short circuit current of solar battery.
The split-phase of glass can then be caused when the content of cerium oxide is higher than 7 parts by weight relative to above-mentioned content range, when
When the content of cerium oxide is lower than 3 parts by weight, then the glassy layer of the silver electrode and passivation layer interface that are formed after conductive silver paste sintering
Glassy layer it is bad to the reflecting effect of long wavelength light；It will lead to the glass of glass powder when the content of bismuth oxide is greater than 60 parts by weight
Glass degree reduces, and is not able to satisfy the formation condition of glass, when the content of bismuth oxide is less than 10 parts by weight, then the softening of glass
Point temperature increases, and is not able to satisfy sintering and requires；When the excessively high softening point temperature that can make glass powder of dioxide-containing silica improves, when two
When the content of silica is too low, then it is unfavorable for forming glass network body；It will increase glass when alumina content is greater than 10 parts by weight
The softening point temperature of glass powder, when alumina content is less than 0.5 parts by weight, glass system can be easy split-phase；Work as sodium oxide content
It when excessively high, then can make the excessive crystallization of glass, when sodium oxide content is too low, then be unfavorable for glass melting clarification；Work as titanium dioxide
When content is greater than 5 parts by weight, system viscosity can be made too low, when the content of titanium dioxide is less than 0.1 parts by weight, be then unfavorable for glass
Glass stable system；When the content of zinc oxide is greater than 10 parts by weight, the softening point temperature of glass powder can be increased significantly, work as zinc oxide
Content less than 1 parts by weight when, then stability, glass reduce.
In some currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the content of the cerium oxide is 3-6 parts by weight.Conductive silver paste as a result,
The glassy layer of the silver electrode and passivation layer interface that are formed after sintering reduces the better effect of visible light transmittance, to long wavelength light
Reflecting effect it is more preferable.
In some currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the content of the aluminium oxide is 0.5-8 parts by weight.Of the invention one
In a little preferred embodiments, the content of the aluminium oxide is 1-7 parts by weight.The glass formed after glass powder sintering as a result,
Optical stability it is more preferable.
In some currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the content of the titanium dioxide is 0.2-5 parts by weight.Of the invention
In some preferred embodiments, the content of the titanium dioxide is 0.25-3 parts by weight.Glass powder system is more stable as a result,
The softening point temperature of glass powder is more suitable, when conductive silver paste for solar battery, can preferably promote the sintering of silver powder,
Fine and close silver electrode is formed, while ablation hardly is caused to the passivation layer generation of battery, and be more advantageous to raising solar energy
Adhesive force between cell backside electrode and passivation layer.
In some currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the content of the bismuth oxide is 20-60 parts by weight.Of the invention one
In a little preferred embodiments, the content of the bismuth oxide is 20-55 parts by weight.The softening point temperature of glass powder is more as a result,
Properly, sintering is more able to satisfy to require.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the softening point temperature of the glass powder is 480-550 degrees Celsius, (such as 480 is Celsius
Degree, 500 degrees Celsius, 520 degrees Celsius, 540 degrees Celsius, 550 degrees Celsius etc.).The softening point temperature of glass powder is suitable as a result, contains
There is the conductive silver paste of the glass powder small to the corrosiveness of passivation layer during the sintering process.It should be noted that glass powder is soft
Change the minimum that point temperature refers to temperature when softening takes place in glass powder.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the partial size of the glass powder be 0.1-15 microns (such as 0.1 micron, 1 micron, it is 3 micro-
Rice, 5 microns, 7 microns, 9 microns, 11 microns, 13 microns, 15 microns etc.).Dispersion of the glass powder in conductive silver paste be more as a result,
Uniformly, be conducive to subsequent conductive silver paste to brush on the surface of passivation layer, and rear electrode of good performance can be obtained.Relatively
In above-mentioned particle size range, when the partial size of glass powder is too small, then glass powder is difficult to disperse, when the partial size of glass powder is excessive, then
It is unfavorable for the preparation of conductive silver paste.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step of preparing glass powder can be as follows:
Cerium oxide, titanium dioxide, bismuth oxide, aluminium oxide, silica, zinc oxide and sodium oxide molybdena are accurately claimed according to the ratio
It measures, is placed in corundum crucible and is fully ground mixing, obtain evenly dispersed mixture；Said mixture is added to complete
1300 are then heated in high temperature furnace in 400 degrees Celsius of constant temperature 30min in Muffle furnace at the high purity aluminium oxide crucible of preheating
Degree Celsius, constant temperature 30min；By the glass metal melted water quenching in deionized water, dry and ball milling, be sieved glass needed for being made
Powder.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of conductive silver pastes.According to an embodiment of the invention, before including
Glass powder described in face.Inventors have found that the conductive silver paste is suitable for preparing the rear electrode of solar battery, conductive silver paste sintering
In the process, the glass powder in the conductive silver paste can promote the sintering of silver powder, form fine and close silver electrode, while glass powder can be to
One lateral enrichment, thus silver electrode side (i.e. the interface of silver electrode and passivation layer) formed glassy layer, from silver electrode to
On the direction of glassy layer, silver content is gradually decreased, and glass content gradually increases, since glass powder has suitable softening point temperature
Degree hardly generates ablation to passivation layer when conductive silver paste is sintered, and glassy layer can play good cementation and make
Silver electrode is strong to the adhesive force of passivation layer after sintering, and then the open-circuit voltage of raising solar battery and the effect of battery efficiency are excellent
It is different.
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned conductive silver paste other than including glass powder, further includes silver powder and has airborne
Body.It in some embodiments of the invention, is that 100 parts by weight are calculated with the weight of conductive silver paste, conductive silver paste contains 30-
The silver powder of 80 parts by weight (such as 30 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight etc.),
1-10 parts by weight (such as 1 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 weight
Part, 9 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight etc.) above-mentioned glass powder, 10-40 parts by weight (such as 10 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 30 weight
Part, 40 parts by weight etc.) organic carrier.What conductive silver paste can disperse as a result, is relatively uniform, is conducive to subsequent brushed
On the surface of passivation layer, and in conductive silver paste glass powder content it is suitable, conductive silver paste sintering after silver electrode and passivation bed boundary
The glassy layer at place is high to the reflectivity of long wavelength light, so that the short circuit current of solar battery is high.Relative to above-mentioned content range,
When the too high levels of silver powder in conductive silver paste, then increased costs cannot then form desired electrical when the content of silver powder is too low
Pole；When the too high levels of glass powder, then battery passivation layer is corroded and increased, when the content of glass powder is too low, then do not had
Cementation can not form qualified electrode after then printing, when the content of organic carrier is too low when the too high levels of organic carrier
When, then it is unfavorable for printing.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the partial size of silver powder can for 0.5-2 microns (such as 0.5 micron, 1 micron, it is 1.5 micro-
Rice, 2 microns etc.), the silver powder of the partial size is conducive to sintering and forms electrode.
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned organic carrier is selected from thermosetting resin (such as phenolic resin and epoxy resin)
At least one of with thermoplastic resin.The viscosity of organic carrier is suitable as a result, and mobility is good, and service performance is good.
According to an embodiment of the invention, can also include auxiliary agent in conductive silver paste, auxiliary agent be selected from dispersing agent, levelling agent, gold
Belong at least one of antioxidant, stabilizer of particle etc..
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method for preparing conductive silver paste can be as follows:
1, silver powder, glass powder are mixed, obtains a homogeneous mixture one；
2, by solvent (such as the molten acid anhydride acetic acid esters of butyl, butyl acetate, diethylene glycol ether acetate, different Buddhist
At least one of your ketone), resin (such as vinyl cellulose) stir 2h-24h at 50 DEG C -80 DEG C, obtain mixture two；
3, the mixture one and mixture two are mixed, dispersion grinding is carried out in three-roller, until average fineness is less than
10 μm, obtain the conductive silver paste.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of rear surface of solar cell electrodes.Reality according to the present invention
Example is applied, which be prepared using mentioned-above conductive silver paste.Inventors have found that the electrode
Electric conductivity is excellent, the reflectivity of the glassy layer of the sintered silver electrode of conductive silver paste and passivation layer interface to long wavelength light
Height can be improved silicon wafer to the utilization rate of sunlight, and then the short circuit current of battery can be improved, and rear electrode is to passivation layer
Adhesive force it is strong, the structural stability of solar battery can be improved, extend the service life of solar battery.
According to an embodiment of the invention, using conductive silver paste be prepared rear surface of solar cell electrode include: will be conductive
Silver paste is printed on the surface of passivation layer according to predetermined shape, is sintered later to conductive silver paste, can be obtained required
Rear surface of solar cell electrode, during the sintering process, glass powder can promote the sintering of silver powder, form fine and close silver electrode, together
When glass powder can be enriched with to the direction of passivation layer, the interface of silver electrode and passivation layer formed glassy layer.Operation letter as a result,
Singly, conveniently, it is easy to accomplish.It should be noted that above-mentioned predetermined shape can be grid line structure etc..
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of solar batteries.According to an embodiment of the invention, this is too
Positive energy battery includes mentioned-above rear surface of solar cell electrode.Inventors have found that the solar battery short circuit current, open circuit
Voltage and battery efficiency are high, and service performance is excellent, at low cost, are conducive to be mass produced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the glassy layer of the interface of silver electrode and passivation layer in the rear electrode is to length
The reflectivity of wavelength light is up to 37%.Thus, it is possible to improve silicon wafer to the utilization rate of light, the short circuit electricity of solar battery is improved
Stream.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the glassy layer pair of the silver electrode and passivation layer interface formed after conductive silver paste sintering
The test method of the reflectivity of long wavelength light can be as follows:
The silver layer in rear surface of solar cell electrode is washed away with certain density acid solution first, it then will with deionized water
Remaining acid solution washes away, and remaining structure is the glassy layer of silver electrode and passivation layer interface after sintering, is ready to want
The glassy layer of the test reflectivity for dividing photometer to test it to different wave length.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the structure of sun energy battery is referred to Fig. 1, including silicon wafer (i.e. crystalline silicon substrates)
200, silicon wafer 200 includes that pn-junction closes silicon substrate 220, and the n-layer 230 being formed on pn-junction conjunction 220 first surface of silicon substrate is formed in
Pn-junction closes the p layer 210 on the second surface of silicon substrate 220；Front electrode 300 is formed in n-layer 230 far from pn-junction and closes silicon substrate
On the surface of plate 220；Passivation layer 400 is formed in p layer 210 and is closed on the surface of silicon substrate 220 far from pn-junction；Rear electrode
100, it is formed in passivation layer 400 and is closed far from pn-junction on the surface of silicon substrate 220.Wherein, first surface refer to using when pn
In conjunction with silicon substrate 220 towards the surface of the sun, second surface refers to that pn-junction closes table opposite with first surface in silicon substrate 220
Face.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the p layer in silicon wafer is formed by being doped into boron in silicon wafer, n-layer is to pass through
Phosphorus formation is doped into silicon wafer.In some embodiments of the invention, passivation layer is by depositing one on the surface of silicon wafer
Layer silicon nitride obtains, and it is compound that passivation layer can reduce few son, improves the efficiency of solar battery.
Embodiments herein is described below in detail.
Embodiment
Reflectivity test method: by dividing photometer to measure reflectivity, first with certain density acid solution (such as nitric acid
Deng) wash away the silver layer in rear surface of solar cell electrode, then remaining acid solution is washed away with deionized water, obtains glass
Layer, wherein obtain the area of biggish reflected light when test reflectivity, contain silicon wafer and glass in structure to be tested
Layer, glassy layer are arranged on the surface of silicon wafer, and in test, light is irradiated in silicon wafer far from the side of glassy layer, with light splitting
Degree instrument tests its reflectivity to different wave length.
Solar cell properties test method: pass through the transformation efficiency for the solar battery that the test of battery sheet selection machine sinters
(Eta), open-circuit voltage (Uoc), short circuit current (Isc) and fill factor (FF).
Embodiment 1
(1) CeO is weighed25 parts by weight, TiO23 parts by weight, Bi2O350 parts by weight, Al2O35 parts by weight, SiO217 parts by weight,
ZnO7 parts by weight, Na2O3 parts by weight.Each raw material accurate weighing is good, it is placed in corundum crucible and is fully ground mixing, obtain uniformly
The mixture of dispersion；
(2) said mixture is added to the high purity aluminium oxide crucible having finished warming up, in 400 DEG C of constant temperature in Muffle furnace
Then 30min is heated to 1300 DEG C, constant temperature 30min in high temperature furnace；
(3) by the glass metal melted water quenching in deionized water, dry and ball milling, be sieved glass powder needed for being made；
(4) silver powder, glass powder are mixed, obtains a homogeneous mixture one；
(5) solvent, resin are stirred into 2h at 50 DEG C, obtains mixture two；
(6) mixture one and mixture two are mixed, dispersion grinding is carried out in three-roller, until average fineness is less than
10 μm, obtain the back side silver paste；
(7) back side silver paste prepared is formed in the surface of passivation layer by printing, by being sintered to form the sun
It can cell backside electrode.
The method of rear surface of solar cell electrode is prepared in embodiment 2-7 and comparative example 1-3 with embodiment 1, difference
The composition being in glass powder is not quite similar, and the composition detail parameters of glass powder are shown in Table 1 in embodiment 2-7 and comparative example 1-3.
Table 1
Comparative example 4
The method of solar energy rear electrode is prepared in this comparative example with embodiment 1, the difference is that the composition of glass powder
It is as follows: 4 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 5 parts by weight of cerium oxide, 10 parts by weight of copper oxide, 12 parts by weight of barium monoxide, 8 parts by weight of silica,
41 parts by weight of 10 parts by weight of strontium oxide strontia, 10 parts by weight of antimony oxide and bismuth oxide.
Reflectance test result and solar battery efficiency test result in embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4 are shown in
Table 2.
Table 2
| Uoc/V | Isc/A | FF/- | Eta/% | Reflectivity/% | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.6571 | 9.2527 | 77.97499333 | 19.5257 | 35 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.6532 | 9.2381 | 78.51341936 | 19.513 | 28 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.6551 | 9.2513 | 78.2064558 | 19.5211 | 31 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.6500 | 9.2257 | 78.93797277 | 19.4962 | 27 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.6526 | 9.2113 | 78.80091808 | 19.5097 | 28 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.6491 | 9.1535 | 78.56512209 | 19.2256 | 19 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.6512 | 9.1221 | 79.50506407 | 19.4516 | 23 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.6518 | 9.2413 | 78.57580732 | 19.4934 | 26 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.6517 | 9.1367 | 78.52645879 | 19.2577 | 23 |
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with
It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below "
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of glass powder, which is characterized in that the raw material for forming the glass powder includes:
Cerium oxide 3-7 parts by weight；
Bismuth oxide 10-60 parts by weight；
Silica 5-20 parts by weight；
Aluminium oxide 0.5-10 parts by weight；
Sodium oxide molybdena 0.5-11 parts by weight；
Titanium dioxide 0.1-5 parts by weight；
Zinc oxide 1-10 parts by weight.
2. glass powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the cerium oxide is 3-6 parts by weight.
3. glass powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the aluminium oxide is 0.5-8 parts by weight；
Preferably, the content of the aluminium oxide is 1-7 parts by weight.
4. glass powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the titanium dioxide is 0.2-5 parts by weight；
Preferably, the content of the titanium dioxide is 0.25-3 parts by weight.
5. glass powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the bismuth oxide is 20-60 parts by weight；
Preferably, the content of the bismuth oxide is 20-55 parts by weight.
6. glass powder according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the glass powder meets in the following conditions extremely
It is one of few:
Partial size is 0.1-15 microns；
Softening point temperature is 480-550 degrees Celsius.
7. a kind of conductive silver paste, which is characterized in that including glass powder described in any one of claims 1-6.
8. a kind of rear surface of solar cell electrode, which is characterized in that be prepared using conductive silver paste as claimed in claim 7
's.
9. a kind of solar battery, which is characterized in that including rear surface of solar cell electrode according to any one of claims 8.
10. solar battery according to claim 9, which is characterized in that silver electrode and passivation in the rear electrode
The glassy layer of the interface of layer is up to 37% to the reflectivity of long wavelength light.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102652118A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-08-29 | E·I·内穆尔杜邦公司 | Glass compositions used in conductors for photovoltaic cells |
| CN109384393A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-26 | 海宁市瑞银科技有限公司 | PERC crystal silicon solar battery back silver paste lead-free glass powder and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102652118A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-08-29 | E·I·内穆尔杜邦公司 | Glass compositions used in conductors for photovoltaic cells |
| CN109384393A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-26 | 海宁市瑞银科技有限公司 | PERC crystal silicon solar battery back silver paste lead-free glass powder and preparation method thereof |
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