CN110327934A - Porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN110327934A
CN110327934A CN201910618565.9A CN201910618565A CN110327934A CN 110327934 A CN110327934 A CN 110327934A CN 201910618565 A CN201910618565 A CN 201910618565A CN 110327934 A CN110327934 A CN 110327934A
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catalyst
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temperature
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CN110327934B (en
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耿竞
蒯龙
耿保友
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Anhui Normal University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62Carbon oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/83Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/615100-500 m2/g
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation method and application, the preparation method include: by Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water mixing, obtain mixed liquor A;By mixed liquor A through ullrasonic spraying thermal decomposition process, precursors powder is obtained;High-temperature calcination is carried out to precursor powder, is handled by concentrated ammonia liquor, obtains the catalyst;Solve the problems, such as that the thermal stability of traditional Cu base oxide catalyst is poor, crystallite dimension is big, specific surface area is low, active site exposure is limited and active not high.

Description

Porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to catalyst fields, and in particular, to a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation Methods and applications.
Background technique
CO low-temperature oxidation is the techniques such as auto-emission control and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) hydrogen purification Important component.For example, " 150 DEG C of challenges " is required at 150 DEG C, to CO, NO in vehicle exhaustxEqual pollutants reach 90% Conversion.For another example, the hydrogen source of PEMFCs is industrial hydrogen, wherein the trace amounts of CO contained will cause battery pile catalyst poisoning, Therefore it needs to completely remove H under the lower operating temperature of PEMFCs80~120 DEG C2Trace amounts of CO in fuel.Currently, CO low temperature The catalyst of catalysis oxidation is mainly the noble metal components such as metal oxide supported Pt, Pd, Au.However, limited earth's crust storage Amount and fancy price make noble metal be difficult to meet large-scale commercial applications application, relatively high therefore, it is necessary to develop earth's crust reserves The catalyst of CO low-temperature oxidation.
In recent years, Cu base oxide catalyst is found to have CO low-temperature catalytic oxidation activity.Currently, Cu base oxide is urged Agent is mainly Cu2O, CuO and its simple composite object with other oxides.These catalyst have the characteristics that common a, activity Component is the oxide (Cu of Cu2O or CuO), still, due to Cu2O and CuO thermal stability is poor, is easy to grow up to size and is greater than The crystal grain of 20nm, specific surface area are usually less than 100m2/ g, active site exposure is limited, and the activity shown is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation method and application solves The thermal stability of traditional Cu base oxide catalyst is poor, crystallite dimension is big, specific surface area is low, active site exposure is limited and The not high problem of activity.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxThe preparation method of solid solution catalyst, The preparation method includes:
(1) by Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water mixing, obtain mixed liquor A;
(2) mixed liquor A is obtained into precursors powder through ullrasonic spraying thermal decomposition process;
(3) high-temperature calcination is carried out to precursor powder, is handled by concentrated ammonia liquor, obtains the catalyst.
The present invention also provides a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst, the porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalysis Agent is made by above-mentioned preparation method.
The present invention also provides a kind of such as above-mentioned porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst is in CO low-temperature catalytic oxidation Application.
The present invention provides a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst and its preparation method and application, preparation method packet It includes: by Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water mixing, obtain mixed liquor A;Mixed liquor A is passed through Ullrasonic spraying thermal decomposition process, obtains precursors powder;High-temperature calcination is carried out to precursor powder, handles, obtains by concentrated ammonia liquor To the catalyst;Porous C u-Ce-O of the inventionxCu and Ce element is uniformly distributed in solid solution catalyst, without independent CuO And CeO2Crystal phase, specific surface area are up to 150m2/ g or more reaches as high as 196m2/ g belongs to the current highest of similar catalyst;The catalysis Agent mutually has high CO low-temperature catalytic oxidation activity, for 1%CO+1%O2+ 98%He reaction system, with Cu0.2-Ce0.8-Ox And Cu0.3-Ce0.7-OxIt can be converted in the at a temperature of realization lower than 80 DEG C to the 100% of CO for the catalyst of representative;This is urged simultaneously Agent has high anti-caking power, and 600 DEG C of high-temperature process have little effect its catalytic activity.Preparation side of the invention Method is simple and easy, and the ratio of Cu and Ce element is continuously adjustable.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and constitutes part of specification, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is porous C u-Ce-O obtained by Examples 1 and 2xSolid solution catalyst and pure CeO2With the X-ray diffraction flower of CuO Sample comparison diagram;
Fig. 2 is 1 gained porous C u-Ce-O of embodimentxHeight (a), low (b) times transmission electron microscope of solid solution catalyst Photo;
Fig. 3 is 2 gained porous C u-Ce-O of embodimentxThe scanning transmission electron microscope photo of solid solution catalyst;
Fig. 4 is porous C u-Ce-O obtained by Examples 1 and 2xSolid solution catalyst is to 1%CO+1%O2+ 98%He reactant The catalytic performance curve of system;
Fig. 5 is 1 gained porous C u-Ce-Ox solid solution catalyst of embodiment respectively after 400 and 600 degree of high-temperature process To the catalytic performance curve of 1%CO+1%O2+98%He reaction system.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of the preferred embodiments.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxThe preparation method of solid solution catalyst, the preparation method include:
(1) by Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water mixing, obtain mixed liquor A;
(2) mixed liquor A is obtained into precursors powder through ullrasonic spraying thermal decomposition process;
(3) high-temperature calcination is carried out to precursor powder, is handled by concentrated ammonia liquor, obtains the catalyst.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to enable the particle unit size of catalyst obtained more Small, specific surface area is higher, improves its thermal stability and catalytic activity, Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water are mixed according to mass ratio for 0.03~1.3:7:2.5:200.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to enable the particle unit size of catalyst obtained more The step of small, specific surface area is higher, improves its thermal stability and catalytic activity, and ullrasonic spraying thermally decomposes include: by mixed liquor A into Row ultrasonic atomizatio, introduces diamond heating later, obtains precursors powder;
Wherein, it is 500-700 DEG C that the condition of heating, which includes: temperature, time 3-5s.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to enable the particle unit size of catalyst obtained more Small, specific surface area is higher, improves its thermal stability and catalytic activity, and the condition of high-temperature calcination includes: that temperature is 300-800 DEG C, Time is 1-4h.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to enable the particle unit size of catalyst obtained more The step of small, specific surface area is higher, improves its thermal stability and catalytic activity, and concentrated ammonia liquor is handled includes: will be by high-temperature calcination Precursor powder afterwards immerses 45-55 DEG C of concentrated ammonia liquor 55-65min, obtains the catalyst after centrifugal drying.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to enable the particle unit size of catalyst obtained more Small, specific surface area is higher, improves its thermal stability and catalytic activity, and relative to the precursor powder of 1g, the dosage of concentrated ammonia liquor is 8-12mL。
The present invention also provides a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst, the porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalysis Agent is made by above-mentioned preparation method.
Porous C u-Ce-O obtainedxSolid solution catalyst is solid solution crystal phase, and porous structure, particle unit size is 0.2~2.5 μm, specific surface area is greater than 150m2/g.Catalyst Cu and Ce element are uniformly distributed, without independent CuO and CeO2It is brilliant Phase;Wherein, the molar ratio of Cu and Ce element is 0.01~0.4:1.
The present invention also provides a kind of such as above-mentioned porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst is in CO low-temperature catalytic oxidation Application.
It is illustrated below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
By Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water are 1:7:2.5:200 according to mass ratio Mixing, obtains mixed liquor A;Mixed liquor A is subjected to ultrasonic atomizatio, introducing diamond heating later, (temperature is 600 DEG C, and the time is 4s), precursors powder is obtained;High-temperature calcination (temperature is 400 DEG C, time 2h) is carried out to precursor powder, by concentrated ammonia liquor Processing (immerses 50 DEG C of concentrated ammonia liquor 60min), obtains the catalyst;Relative to the precursor powder of 1g, the dosage of concentrated ammonia liquor is 10mL。
Embodiment 2
By Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water are 3:7:2.5:200 according to mass ratio Mixing, obtains mixed liquor A;Mixed liquor A is subjected to ultrasonic atomizatio, introducing diamond heating later, (temperature is 600 DEG C, and the time is 4s), precursors powder is obtained;High-temperature calcination (temperature is 400 DEG C, time 2h) is carried out to precursor powder, by concentrated ammonia liquor Processing (immerses 50 DEG C of concentrated ammonia liquor 60min), obtains the catalyst;Relative to the precursor powder of 1g, the dosage of concentrated ammonia liquor is 10mL。
Embodiment 3
By Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water are 1:7:2.5:200 according to mass ratio Mixing, obtains mixed liquor A;Mixed liquor A is subjected to ultrasonic atomizatio, introducing diamond heating later, (temperature is 600 DEG C, and the time is 4s), precursors powder is obtained;High-temperature calcination (temperature is 600 DEG C, time 2h) is carried out to precursor powder, by concentrated ammonia liquor Processing (immerses 50 DEG C of concentrated ammonia liquor 60min), obtains the catalyst;Relative to the precursor powder of 1g, the dosage of concentrated ammonia liquor is 10mL。
Embodiment 4
By Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water are 0.2:7:2.5 according to mass ratio: 200 mixing, obtain mixed liquor A;Mixed liquor A is subjected to ultrasonic atomizatio, introducing diamond heating later, (temperature is 700 DEG C, the time For 4s), precursors powder is obtained;High-temperature calcination (temperature is 400 DEG C, time 2h) is carried out to precursor powder, by dense ammonia Water process (immerses 50 DEG C of concentrated ammonia liquor 60min), obtains the catalyst;Relative to the precursor powder of 1g, the dosage of concentrated ammonia liquor For 10mL.
Fig. 1 is porous C u-Ce-O obtained by Examples 1 and 2 in the present inventionxSolid solution catalyst and pure CeO2It is penetrated with the X- of CuO Line diffraction pattern comparison diagram;Fig. 2 is 1 gained porous C u-Ce-O of embodimentxHeight (a), low (b) times of solid solution catalyst are transmitted Electron micrograph;Fig. 3 is 2 gained porous C u-Ce-O of embodimentxThe scanning transmission electron microscope of solid solution catalyst is shone Piece;The particle unit size of catalyst obtained is 0.2~2.5 μm;Fig. 4 is porous C u-Ce-O obtained by Examples 1 and 2xSolid solution Body catalyst is to 1%CO+1%O2The catalytic performance curve of+98%He reaction system;Fig. 5 is 1 gained porous C u-Ce- of embodiment The catalysis to 1%CO+1%O2+98%He reaction system after 400 and 600 degree of high-temperature process respectively of Ox solid solution catalyst Performance curve;It can be seen that the catalyst has high anti-caking power, 600 DEG C of high-temperature process almost do not have its catalytic activity Have an impact;With Cu0.2-Ce0.8-OxAnd Cu0.3-Ce0.7-OxFor representative catalyst can lower than 80 DEG C at a temperature of realize to CO 100% conversion.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities The detail in mode is applied, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of letters can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention Monotropic type, these simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxThe preparation method of solid solution catalyst, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes:
(1) by Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water mixing, obtain mixed liquor A;
(2) mixed liquor A is obtained into precursors powder through ullrasonic spraying thermal decomposition process;
(3) high-temperature calcination is carried out to precursor powder, is handled by concentrated ammonia liquor, obtains the catalyst.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein Cu (NO3)2·3H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, poloxamer F127 and water are mixed according to mass ratio for 0.03~1.3:7:2.5:200.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the step of ullrasonic spraying thermally decomposes includes: to carry out mixed liquor A Ultrasonic atomizatio introduces diamond heating later, obtains precursors powder;
Wherein, it is 500-700 DEG C that the condition of heating, which includes: temperature, time 3-5s.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the condition of high-temperature calcination includes: that temperature is 300-800 DEG C, when Between be 1-4h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the step of concentrated ammonia liquor is handled includes: will be after high-temperature calcination Precursor powder immerse 45-55 DEG C of concentrated ammonia liquor 55-65min, obtain the catalyst after centrifugal drying.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, wherein relative to the precursor powder of 1g, the dosage of concentrated ammonia liquor is 8- 12mL。
7. a kind of porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst, which is characterized in that the porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution catalyst is by weighing Benefit requires preparation method described in any one of 1-6 to be made.
8. porous C u-Ce-O according to claim 7xSolid solution catalyst, wherein the porous C u-Ce-OxSolid solution Catalyst is solid solution crystal phase, and porous structure, particle unit size is 0.2~2.5 μm, and specific surface area is greater than 150m2/g。
9. porous C u-Ce-O according to claim 7xSolid solution catalyst, wherein the molar ratio of Cu and Ce element is 0.01~0.4:1.
10. a kind of porous C u-Ce-O as described in claim 7-9xSolid solution catalyst answering in CO low-temperature catalytic oxidation With.
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CN111939918A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-11-17 安徽师范大学 Rare earth oxide/copper oxide-zirconium oxide catalyst, preparation method thereof and method for preparing lactic acid from glycerol

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