CN110320395A - On-line monitoring high-precision capacitance-resistance parallel voltage divider - Google Patents
On-line monitoring high-precision capacitance-resistance parallel voltage divider Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003985 ceramic capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明涉及电力工业高压测量领域，特别涉及到一种新型在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器。在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器，包括基座，在该基座上竖直向上设置有复合绝缘子，复合绝缘子内部中空，并设置有高压臂；所述的高压臂的上端连接有设置在复合绝缘子顶部的高压接线端子，下端连接有低压臂，并配合有屏蔽外壳；所述的屏蔽外壳上嵌有与低压臂连接的输出端子。本发明利用电阻电容分压原理，将难以测量的高幅值电压信号转变为便于观测的低幅值电压信号，采用并联多条阻容支路及选取低感元件以低压臂结构设计可以最大限度的降低杂散电感，可以提高测量纳秒级快脉冲信号时测量精度，在高压臂与低压臂之间加上补偿单元，可以进一步扩大带宽。
The invention relates to the field of high-voltage measurement in the electric power industry, in particular to a novel high-precision resistance-capacitor parallel voltage divider for on-line monitoring. A high-precision resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider for on-line monitoring includes a base on which a composite insulator is arranged vertically upward, the interior of the composite insulator is hollow, and a high-voltage arm is arranged; the upper end of the high-voltage arm is connected with a set of The lower end of the high-voltage terminal on the top of the composite insulator is connected with a low-voltage arm, and is matched with a shielding shell; the shielding shell is embedded with an output terminal connected with the low-voltage arm. The invention uses the principle of resistance-capacitance voltage division to convert a high-amplitude voltage signal that is difficult to measure into a low-amplitude voltage signal that is easy to observe. By using multiple resistance-capacitance branches in parallel and selecting low-inductance components to design a low-voltage arm structure to the maximum extent possible The reduction of stray inductance can improve the measurement accuracy when measuring nanosecond fast pulse signals. Adding a compensation unit between the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm can further expand the bandwidth.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力工业高压测量领域，特别涉及到一种新型在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器。The invention relates to the field of high-voltage measurement in the electric power industry, in particular to a novel high-precision resistance-capacitor parallel voltage divider for on-line monitoring.
背景技术Background technique
变电站/换流站中的暂态过电压严重威胁着高压电力设备和二次设备的安全。据统计，过电压在电力系统故障的诱因中处于首要地位。变电站/换流站中的暂态过电压种类很多，包括雷电过电压、操作过电压、工频过电压、特快速瞬态过电压等。当电力系统输变电设备或附近物体遭受雷击时，雷电过电压会直接或通过感应侵入电力系统；当电力系统中断路器和隔离开关进行操作，或者出现故障时，在电力系统中会出现各种操作过电压；当电力系统参数配置不当或符合某些条件时，系统可能出现谐振过电压；当气体绝缘金属封闭式组合电器(Gas Insulated Switchgears,GIS)中隔离开关动作时，有可能在GIS内部、外壳及相邻电力设备上形成特快速瞬态过电压(Very Fast Transient Over-voltage,VFTO)。这些过电压不仅威胁着高电压设备的绝缘安全，也会由于过电压向二次设备传播，引发电力系统二次设备故障，随着智能电网的发展，GIS附属的智能化组件越来越多，这种威胁越来越严重。对电力系统中暂态过电压进行监测和记录，不仅有利于电力设备绝缘配合，对保障电力设备的安全可靠运行有着极其重要的意义，也对过电压的抑制和防护有积极的作用。Transient overvoltage in substation/converter station seriously threatens the safety of high voltage power equipment and secondary equipment. According to statistics, overvoltage is the primary cause of power system failures. There are many types of transient overvoltages in substations/converters, including lightning overvoltages, operating overvoltages, power frequency overvoltages, and ultra-fast transient overvoltages. When the power transmission and transformation equipment or nearby objects in the power system are struck by lightning, the lightning overvoltage will invade the power system directly or through induction. When the parameters of the power system are improperly configured or meet certain conditions, the system may appear resonant overvoltage; when the isolation switch in the Gas Insulated Switchgears (GIS) operates, the GIS Very Fast Transient Over-voltage (VFTO) is formed on the interior, enclosure and adjacent electrical equipment. These overvoltages not only threaten the insulation safety of high-voltage equipment, but also cause secondary equipment failures in the power system due to the spread of overvoltages to secondary equipment. With the development of smart grids, there are more and more intelligent components attached to GIS. This threat is getting worse. The monitoring and recording of transient overvoltage in the power system is not only beneficial to the insulation coordination of power equipment, but also has extremely important significance for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of power equipment, and also has a positive effect on the suppression and protection of overvoltage.
此前，电力运行部门、电力设备制造厂商和科研部门针对变电站/换流站的暂态电压检测和监视记录开展了大量的研究，开发了各种基于不同原理的暂态电压监测系统，并在电力系统中开展了试用。但不同原理的暂态电压测量系统在安全性、测量频带宽度、环境适应性等方面各有优缺点，难以进行准确评估。Previously, power operation departments, power equipment manufacturers and scientific research departments have carried out a lot of research on transient voltage detection and monitoring records of substations/converters, developed various transient voltage monitoring systems based on different principles, and implemented them in power A trial was carried out in the system. However, transient voltage measurement systems with different principles have their own advantages and disadvantages in terms of safety, measurement bandwidth, and environmental adaptability, and it is difficult to accurately evaluate them.
因此，亟需开发相关的检测装置，对电力系统中的暂态电压测量系统频响进行校验和评估。这对准确、快速、安全地了解暂态电压测量值的准确性有着至关重要的作用，是目前电力系统电测量技术的一个重要问题。Therefore, it is urgent to develop relevant detection devices to verify and evaluate the frequency response of the transient voltage measurement system in the power system. This plays a vital role in understanding the accuracy of transient voltage measurement accurately, quickly and safely, and is an important issue in the current electrical measurement technology of power systems.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器，提高了暂态电压检测的精度。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-precision resistor-capacitor parallel voltage divider for on-line monitoring, which improves the accuracy of transient voltage detection.
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器，包括基座，在该基座上竖直向上设置有复合绝缘子，所述的复合绝缘子内部中空，并设置有高压臂；所述的高压臂的上端连接有设置在复合绝缘子顶部的高压接线端子，下端连接有低压臂，并配合有屏蔽外壳；所述的屏蔽外壳上嵌有与低压臂连接的输出端子。The invention is realized by the following technical solutions: a high-precision resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider for on-line monitoring includes a base, and a composite insulator is vertically arranged on the base, the interior of the composite insulator is hollow, and is provided with a high-voltage arm; the upper end of the high voltage arm is connected with a high voltage terminal set on the top of the composite insulator, the lower end is connected with a low voltage arm, and is matched with a shielding shell; the shielding shell is embedded with an output terminal connected with the low voltage arm.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：所述的复合绝缘子内部填充有浸没高压臂的绝缘介质。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following arrangement is particularly adopted: the interior of the composite insulator is filled with an insulating medium immersing the high-voltage arm.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：所述的绝缘介质采用变压器油。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following arrangement is particularly adopted: the insulating medium adopts transformer oil.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：所述的低压臂包括依次连接的补偿单元和低感PCB阻容薄片，所述的补偿单元与高压臂连接，所述的低感PCB阻容薄片与所述的输出端子连接。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following settings are particularly adopted: the low-voltage arm includes a compensation unit and a low-inductance PCB resistance-capacitance sheet connected in sequence, the compensation unit is connected with the high-voltage arm, and the low-voltage arm is connected to the high-voltage arm. The inductive PCB resistance-capacitance sheet is connected with the output terminal.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：所述的高压臂包括支撑架，在该支撑架上从上到下连接有多个阻容支路，每个阻容支路包括串联在一起的阻尼电阻和高压电容，每个所述的阻容支路与一个并联直流电阻并联。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following settings are particularly adopted: the high-voltage arm includes a support frame, and a plurality of resistance-capacitance branches are connected on the support frame from top to bottom, and each resistance-capacitance branch is It includes a damping resistor and a high-voltage capacitor connected in series, and each of the resistance-capacitance branches is connected in parallel with a parallel DC resistor.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：每个所述的阻容支路与并联直流电阻并联后连接一个屏蔽电极，且并联直流电阻置于该屏蔽电极的中心。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following arrangement is particularly adopted: each of the resistance-capacitance branches is connected in parallel with a parallel DC resistance and then connected to a shield electrode, and the parallel DC resistance is placed in the center of the shield electrode.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：所述的高压电容采用低感陶瓷电容。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following arrangement is particularly adopted: the high-voltage capacitor adopts a low-inductance ceramic capacitor.
进一步的，为更好地实施本发明，特别采用如下述设置：所述的阻尼电阻和并联直流电阻均采用低感玻璃釉电阻。Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the following settings are particularly adopted: both the damping resistor and the parallel DC resistor are low-sensitivity glass glaze resistors.
本发明具有如下的优点和有益效果：本发明采用低感元件等措施，极大地减小了设备的杂散电感，提高了本发明的测量精度。通过在低压臂增加补偿单元的方式，改善了测量结果波形，提高了本发明的频带宽度，可同时在线监测特快速瞬时电压、雷电波、操作波、工频电压和直流电压等多种电压信号。本发明利用电阻电容分压原理，将难以测量的高幅值电压信号转变为便于观测的低幅值电压信号，每一级高压臂单元中的阻尼电阻用以对高频率电压信号的响应进行优化，采用并联多条阻容支路及选取低感元件以低压臂PCB结构设计可以最大限度的降低杂散电感，从而明显改善测量高频率电压信号时的震荡问题。在高压臂与低压臂之间加上补偿单元，可以进一步扩大带宽，可以提高测量纳秒级快脉冲信号时测量精度。The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the invention adopts measures such as low-inductance elements, which greatly reduces the stray inductance of the equipment and improves the measurement accuracy of the invention. By adding a compensation unit to the low-voltage arm, the waveform of the measurement result is improved, the frequency bandwidth of the present invention is increased, and various voltage signals such as ultra-fast instantaneous voltage, lightning wave, operation wave, power frequency voltage and DC voltage can be monitored online at the same time. . The invention utilizes the principle of resistance-capacitance voltage division to convert high-amplitude voltage signals that are difficult to measure into low-amplitude voltage signals that are easy to observe, and the damping resistance in each stage of the high-voltage arm unit is used to optimize the response of the high-frequency voltage signal , Using multiple RC branches in parallel and selecting low-inductance components to design the low-voltage arm PCB structure can minimize the stray inductance, thereby significantly improving the oscillation problem when measuring high-frequency voltage signals. Adding a compensation unit between the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm can further expand the bandwidth and improve the measurement accuracy when measuring nanosecond-level fast pulse signals.
附图说明Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the present invention.
图1为本发明的在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器的一种结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the high-precision resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider for on-line monitoring of the present invention;
图2为图1中沿A-A的剖视示意图；Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram along A-A in Fig. 1;
图3为本发明的在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器的电路拓扑结构图；3 is a circuit topology diagram of a high-precision RC parallel voltage divider for online monitoring of the present invention;
图中，1—均压环，2—高压接线端子，3—复合绝缘子，4—高压臂，5—绝缘介质，6—支撑架，7—屏蔽电极，8—并联直流电阻，9—高压电容，10—阻尼电阻，11—补偿单元，12—低压臂，13—低感PCB阻容薄片，14—金属外壳，15—输出端子，16—基座。In the figure, 1—voltage equalizing ring, 2—high voltage terminal, 3—composite insulator, 4—high voltage arm, 5—insulating medium, 6—support frame, 7—shield electrode, 8—parallel DC resistance, 9—high voltage capacitor , 10—damping resistor, 11—compensating unit, 12—low voltage arm, 13—low-inductance PCB resistance-capacitance sheet, 14—metal shell, 15—output terminal, 16—base.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例和附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. as a limitation of the present invention.
实施例：Example:
如图1至图3所示，本发明的在线监测用高精度阻容并联分压器，包括基座16，在该基座16上竖直向上设置有复合绝缘子3，所述的复合绝缘子3内部中空，并设置有高压臂4；所述的高压臂4的上端连接有设置在复合绝缘子3顶部的高压接线端子2，下端连接有低压臂12，并配合有屏蔽外壳14；所述的屏蔽外壳14上嵌有与低压臂12连接的输出端子15。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the high-precision resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider for online monitoring of the present invention includes a base 16 on which a composite insulator 3 is arranged vertically upward. The composite insulator 3 The interior is hollow, and is provided with a high-voltage arm 4; the upper end of the high-voltage arm 4 is connected with a high-voltage terminal 2 arranged on the top of the composite insulator 3, and the lower end is connected with a low-voltage arm 12, and is matched with a shielding shell 14; An output terminal 15 connected to the low voltage arm 12 is embedded in the casing 14 .
本发明采用低感元件等措施，极大地减小了设备的杂散电感，提高了本发明的测量精度。通过在低压臂增加补偿单元的方式，改善了测量结果波形，提高了本发明的频带宽度，可同时在线监测特快速瞬时电压、雷电波、操作波、工频电压和直流电压等多种电压信号。本发明利用电阻电容分压原理，将难以测量的高幅值电压信号转变为便于观测的低幅值电压信号，每一级高压臂单元中的阻尼电阻用以对高频率电压信号的响应进行优化，采用并联多条阻容支路及选取低感元件以低压臂结构设计可以最大限度的降低杂散电感，从而明显改善测量高频率电压信号时的震荡问题。在高压臂与低压臂之间加上补偿单元，可以进一步扩大带宽，可以提高测量纳秒级快脉冲信号时测量精度。The invention adopts measures such as low-inductance elements, which greatly reduces the stray inductance of the equipment and improves the measurement accuracy of the invention. By adding a compensation unit to the low-voltage arm, the waveform of the measurement result is improved, the frequency bandwidth of the present invention is increased, and various voltage signals such as ultra-fast instantaneous voltage, lightning wave, operation wave, power frequency voltage and DC voltage can be monitored online at the same time. . The invention utilizes the principle of resistance-capacitance voltage division to convert high-amplitude voltage signals that are difficult to measure into low-amplitude voltage signals that are easy to observe, and the damping resistance in each stage of the high-voltage arm unit is used to optimize the response of the high-frequency voltage signal , using multiple resistance-capacitor branches in parallel and selecting low-inductance components to design a low-voltage arm structure can minimize the stray inductance, thereby significantly improving the oscillation problem when measuring high-frequency voltage signals. Adding a compensation unit between the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm can further expand the bandwidth and improve the measurement accuracy when measuring nanosecond-level fast pulse signals.
在具体使用时，在变电站中安装本专利设备，首先基座16，可以通过地脚螺栓进行固定，然后安装低压臂12、高压臂4以及复合绝缘子3等器件，安装完成后高压接线端子2与待测高压端连接，通过高压臂4、低压臂12等器件降压后经过输出端子15连接检测设备，实现检测。将难以测量的高幅值电压信号转变为便于观测的低幅值电压信号，每一级高压臂单元中的阻尼电阻用以对高频率电压信号的响应进行优化，采用并联多条阻容支路及选取低感元件以低压臂结构设计可以最大限度的降低杂散电感，从而明显改善测量高频率电压信号时的震荡问题，提高了检测精度。值得注意的是，所述的检测设备可以采用示波器、录波仪或者其他设备。In specific use, to install the patented equipment in a substation, first the base 16 can be fixed by anchor bolts, and then the low-voltage arm 12, the high-voltage arm 4 and the composite insulator 3 are installed. After the installation is completed, the high-voltage terminal 2 and the The high-voltage end to be tested is connected, and the device is depressurized through the high-voltage arm 4, the low-voltage arm 12, etc., and then connected to the detection equipment through the output terminal 15 to realize the detection. The high-amplitude voltage signal that is difficult to measure is converted into a low-amplitude voltage signal that is easy to observe. The damping resistance in each high-voltage arm unit is used to optimize the response of the high-frequency voltage signal, and multiple resistance-capacitance branches are used in parallel. And the selection of low-inductance components and low-voltage arm structure design can minimize the stray inductance, thereby significantly improving the oscillation problem when measuring high-frequency voltage signals and improving the detection accuracy. It is worth noting that the detection equipment can be an oscilloscope, a wave recorder or other equipment.
作为优选的，在上述实施例的基础上，为更好低实施本发明，所述的复合绝缘子3内部填充有浸没高压臂4的绝缘介质5，起到了较好的绝缘作用，降低了杂散电感，提高了检测精度。所述的绝缘介质5一般采用变压器油。Preferably, on the basis of the above embodiment, in order to better implement the present invention, the composite insulator 3 is filled with the insulating medium 5 immersed in the high-voltage arm 4, which plays a better insulating role and reduces the stray Inductance, improve the detection accuracy. The insulating medium 5 generally adopts transformer oil.
作为优选的，在上述实施例的基础上，为更好低实施本发明，所述的低压臂12包括依次连接的补偿单元11和低感PCB阻容薄片13，所述的补偿单元11与高压臂4连接，所述的低感PCB阻容薄片13与所述的输出端子15连接。这样设计以后，在高压臂4与低感PCB阻容薄片13之间加上补偿单元11，可以进一步扩大带宽，提高了测量纳秒级快脉冲信号时测量精度。Preferably, on the basis of the above embodiment, in order to better implement the present invention, the low-voltage arm 12 includes a compensation unit 11 and a low-inductance PCB resistance-capacitance sheet 13 connected in sequence, and the compensation unit 11 is connected to the high-voltage The arm 4 is connected, and the low-inductance PCB RC sheet 13 is connected to the output terminal 15 . After this design, the compensation unit 11 is added between the high-voltage arm 4 and the low-inductance PCB resistance-capacitance sheet 13, which can further expand the bandwidth and improve the measurement accuracy when measuring nanosecond-level fast pulse signals.
作为优选的，在上述实施例的基础上，为更好低实施本发明，所述的高压臂4包括支撑架6，在该支撑架6上从上到下连接有多个阻容支路，每个阻容支路包括串联在一起的阻尼电阻10和高压电容9，每个所述的阻容支路与一个并联直流电阻8并联。通过阻容支路、并联直流电阻8等的作用，将难以测量的高幅值电压信号转变为便于观测的低幅值电压信号，每一级阻容支路中的阻尼电阻用以对高频率电压信号的响应进行优化，提高了检测精度。Preferably, on the basis of the above embodiment, in order to better implement the present invention, the high-voltage arm 4 includes a support frame 6, and a plurality of resistance-capacitance branches are connected on the support frame 6 from top to bottom, Each RC branch includes a damping resistor 10 and a high-voltage capacitor 9 connected in series, and each RC branch is connected in parallel with a parallel DC resistor 8 . Through the function of RC branch, parallel DC resistance 8, etc., the high-amplitude voltage signal that is difficult to measure is converted into a low-amplitude voltage signal that is easy to observe. The damping resistance in each RC branch is used for high frequency The response of the voltage signal is optimized to improve the detection accuracy.
进一步的，每个所述的阻容支路与并联直流电阻8并联后连接一个屏蔽电极7，且并联直流电阻8置于该屏蔽电极7的中心，这样设计以后极大地减小了设备的杂散电感，提高了本发明的测量精度。Further, each described resistance-capacitance branch is connected to a shield electrode 7 in parallel with the parallel DC resistance 8, and the parallel DC resistance 8 is placed in the center of the shield electrode 7, which greatly reduces the complexity of the equipment after this design. The dissipated inductance improves the measurement accuracy of the present invention.
作为优选的，所述的高压电容9采用低感陶瓷电容，这样设计以后，极大地减小了设备的杂散电感，提高了本发明的测量精度。Preferably, the high-voltage capacitor 9 is a low-inductance ceramic capacitor. After this design, the stray inductance of the device is greatly reduced, and the measurement accuracy of the present invention is improved.
作为优选的，所述的阻尼电阻10和并联直流电阻8均采用低感玻璃釉电阻，这样设计以后，进一步地减小了设备的杂散电感，提高了本发明的测量精度。Preferably, both the damping resistor 10 and the parallel DC resistor 8 are glass glaze resistors with low inductance. After this design, the stray inductance of the device is further reduced and the measurement accuracy of the present invention is improved.
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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