CN110320117A - 基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法 - Google Patents

基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法 Download PDF

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CN110320117A
CN110320117A CN201910633787.8A CN201910633787A CN110320117A CN 110320117 A CN110320117 A CN 110320117A CN 201910633787 A CN201910633787 A CN 201910633787A CN 110320117 A CN110320117 A CN 110320117A
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single crystal
crystal blade
test
blade
coupon
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朱鑫涛
朱德本
朱玉棠
刘杰
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Taizhou Jinying Precision Casting Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0005Repeated or cyclic
    • G01N2203/0007Low frequencies up to 100 Hz
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017Tensile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0067Fracture or rupture
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0071Creep
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0073Fatigue
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226High temperature; Heating means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0266Cylindrical specimens
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors

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Abstract

本发明属于单晶叶片应用技术领域,具体公开了基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,步骤1、先通过精密铸造方法获得单晶叶片,材质为MM247LC,然后从叶片中利用线切割机获得长方体试样切片,通过测量确定其取向后,得到100、001、010三种取向的试棒。步骤2、通过高温蠕变力学拉伸机,对上述的100、001、010三种取向的试棒进行分别的蠕变拉伸测试,频率为0.25Hz。本发明的有益效果在于:1、其测试设计结构合理,便于操作,且测试效率高、测试结果精准,进而辅助实现单晶叶片高质量的制备生产作业;2、具有不同的微观结构的拉伸实棒,实验研究微结构变化和晶体学取向对蠕变行为的影响比传统的拉伸试棒测试结果更为精确,能够更有效的观察更多的力学性能。

Description

基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法
技术领域
本发明属于单晶叶片应用技术领域,具体涉及基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法。
背景技术
单晶叶片是只有一个晶粒的铸造叶片,定向结晶叶片消除了对空洞和裂纹敏感的横向晶界,使全部晶界平行于应力轴方向,从而改善了合金的使用性能。
单晶高温合金做的涡轮叶片非常好用,能够在一定应力条件下长期工作的金属材料,具有优异的高温强度,良好的抗氧化和抗热腐蚀性能,良好的疲劳性能、断裂韧性等综合性能,已成为军民用燃气涡轮发动机热端部件不可替代的关键材料。
在单晶叶片制备工艺中需要对单晶叶片进行蠕变性能测试,疲劳载荷和各自的机制会影响燃气轮机叶片的失效时间,特别是在使用周期短的喷气发动机中(飞行时间约为1至12小时)采用低周疲劳(LCF)试验研究了高温循环载荷引起的变形和损伤机理,疲劳机制受微观结构的影响会影响测试结构的精准性。
因此,基于上述问题,本发明提供基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,其测试设计结构合理,便于操作,且测试效率高、测试结果精准,进而辅助实现单晶叶片高质量的制备生产作业。
技术方案:本发明提供基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,步骤1、先通过
精密铸造方法获得单晶叶片,材质为MM247LC,然后从叶片中利用线切割机获得长方体试样切片,通过测量确定其取向后,得到100、001、010三种取向的试棒。步骤2、通过高温蠕变力学拉伸机,对上述的100、001、010三种取向的试棒进行分别的蠕变拉伸测试,频率为0.25Hz。
本技术方案的,所述步骤2中拉伸蠕变温度为800摄氏度-1000摄氏度,先将待测试的100、001、010三种取向的试棒加热到800摄氏度,保持10小时-12小时,再将待测试的100、001、010种取向的试棒加热到1000摄氏度,保持4小时-6小时,最后自然将至室内温度进行测试。
与现有技术相比,本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的有益效果在于:1、其测试设计结构合理,便于操作,且测试效率高、测试结果精准,进而辅助实现单晶叶片高质量的制备生产作业;2、具有不同的微观结构的拉伸实棒(分别在100、001、010方向截取出三个试样),实验研究微结构变化和晶体学取向对蠕变行为的影响比传统的拉伸试棒测试结果更为精确,过该种方法设计出的试样,能够更有效的观察更多的力学性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的拉伸实棒100、001、010方向截取结构示意图;
图2是本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的拉伸实棒100、001、010测试结构示意图;
图3本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的001疲劳度测试示意图;
图4本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的001疲劳寿命期间的变形行为和损伤示意图;
图5本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的001方向拉伸断裂后的显微照片示意图;
图6本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的010试样的微观组织示意图;
图7本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法的100 方向的断裂显微及金相图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明。
实施例
本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试
方法,步骤1、先通过精密铸造方法获得单晶叶片,材质为MM247LC,然后从叶片中利用线切割机获得长方体试样切片,通过测量确定其取向后,得到100、001、010三种取向的试棒(如图1所示)。步骤2、通过高温蠕变力学拉伸机,对上述的100、001、010三种取向的试棒进行分别的蠕变拉伸测试,频率为0.25Hz(如图2所示)
进一步优选的,所述步骤2中拉伸蠕变温度为800摄氏度-1000摄氏度,先将待测试的100、001、010三种取向的试棒加热到800摄氏度,保持10小时-12小时,再将待测试的100、001、010种取向的试棒加热到1000摄氏度,保持4小时-6小时,最后自然将至室内温度进行测试
本发明的如图3和图4所示的001取向下的测试结果:疲劳测试结果精确度高,测试准确。如图6所示的010试样的微观组织示意图,变形断裂以沿010滑动面的滑动和裂纹扩展为主,无I型裂纹扩展和断裂,整体变形导致椭圆试样横截面。
本发明的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,一方面其测试设计结构合理,便于操作,且测试效率高、测试结果精准,进而辅助实现单晶叶片高质量的制备生产作业,另一方面具有不同的微观结构的拉伸实棒(分别在100、001、010方向截取出三个试样),实验研究微结构变化和晶体学取向对蠕变行为的影响比传统的拉伸试棒测试结果更为精确,过该种方法设计出的试样,能够更有效的观察更多的力学性能。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,
步骤1、先通过精密铸造方法获得单晶叶片,材质为MM247LC,然后从叶片中利用线切割机获得长方体试样切片,通过测量确定其取向后,得到100、001、010三种取向的试棒;
步骤2、通过高温蠕变力学拉伸机,对上述的100、001、010三种取向的试棒进行分别的蠕变拉伸测试,频率为0.25Hz。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于单晶叶片蠕变性能的测试方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中拉伸蠕变温度为800摄氏度-1000摄氏度,先将待测试的100、001、010三种取向的试棒加热到800摄氏度,保持10小时-12小时,再将待测试的100、001、010种取向的试棒加热到1000摄氏度,保持4小时-6小时,最后自然将至室内温度进行测试。
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Application publication date: 20191011