CN110319919B - Looseness judging method applied to fan concrete foundation - Google Patents
Looseness judging method applied to fan concrete foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110319919B CN110319919B CN201810270152.1A CN201810270152A CN110319919B CN 110319919 B CN110319919 B CN 110319919B CN 201810270152 A CN201810270152 A CN 201810270152A CN 110319919 B CN110319919 B CN 110319919B
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- fan
- phase difference
- bearing seat
- load side
- vibration
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The invention relates to a loosening judgment method applied to a fan concrete foundation, and belongs to the technical field of vibration detection and fault diagnosis. The method comprises the following steps: 1) installing equipment; 2) measuring and calculating the phase difference, and recording; 3) comparing the vibration speed values; performing preliminary loosening judgment; 4) comparing the phase difference to judge whether the two sides of the coupler have the condition of angle misalignment; 5) the fan is dynamically balanced according to a dynamic balance method, and if the angle of the added balance weight is changed, the gravity center of the bearing seat is shifted; 6) if the tested bearing seat has the conditions in the steps 3) -5), the problem that the concrete foundation of the bearing seat is loose or not really paved can be judged, the machine needs to be stopped, the fan rotor, the shell and the bearing seat are hoisted, and the fan foundation is poured again. The invention comprehensively judges whether the concrete foundation of the fan is loosened or hollow or not by utilizing the vibration amplitude and combining the phase difference relation and the dynamic balance between the fan and the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a loosening judgment method applied to a fan concrete foundation, and belongs to the technical field of vibration detection and fault diagnosis.
Background
The shaft of the main exhaust fan is supported by two bearings arranged at two ends of the shaft, and the bearings adopt self-adjusting spherical sliding bearings with forced lubrication. And the bearing close to the motor side is arranged between the two thrust discs and axially positions the main shaft of the fan. The bearings of the non-drive end are non-locating to accommodate thermal expansion of the spindle due to elevated temperatures. The operation state of the main air draft is always unstable, and the vibration value reaches or exceeds the alarm value for many times, so that the safety production of sintering is seriously influenced. The axial vibration values of two measuring points of the fan fluctuate, particularly the axial vibration value on the load side of the fan is more stable in all directions, although the axial vibration value fluctuates slightly, the axial vibration value is still within an acceptable range. The axial vibration value on the load side of the fan suddenly deteriorates and then is always at a high level, and the maximum value reaches 9.11 mm/s. The vibration amplitude and the spectral value characteristics acquired on site are obvious, and the focus is loosened on the basis of the fan.
The fan bearing seat and the bracket are located on the rigid cement concrete foundation. Hoisting the rotor and the bearing seat of the fan is a difficult task, and sintering production is required to be stopped for one week. The problem of the fan foundation needs to be diagnosed, the maintenance time can be arranged to perform pouring adjustment on the foundation again, and a theoretical basis that the vibration of a bearing seat is large due to the fact that a new foundation is loosened needs to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for judging looseness of a fan concrete foundation aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for detecting the overproof vibration of the bearing seat caused by the loosening of the foundation comprises the following steps:
1) installing equipment;
2) measuring the phase difference between the horizontal-horizontal, vertical-vertical and axial-axial directions of bearing seats at two sides of the fan by using a dual-channel vibration measuring instrument, testing the horizontal-vertical phase difference at the load side of the fan, and testing the phase difference between the horizontal at the load side of the motor, the horizontal at the load side of the fan, the vertical at the load side of the motor, the vertical at the load side of the fan, the axial at the load side of the motor and the axial at the load side of the fan; and recording;
3) comparing vibration speed values of measuring points in four directions of south, east and west on one plane of a bearing seat, a seat support, a support bottom plate or a concrete foundation, and then comparing vibration speed values of measuring points on different planes in the same direction; if the first difference values of the vibration speed value of one measuring point and the vibration speed values of other three measuring points on the same plane of the measuring point are larger than a first preset threshold value, further comparing second difference values of the other three measuring points which are in the same direction with the measuring point and not on the same plane with the measuring point, and if the second difference values are larger than a second preset value, loosening exists at the measuring point;
4) further comparing phase differences of the two sides of the fan and the motor, if the phase difference of the motor load side horizontal direction and the fan load side horizontal direction is reversed, the phase difference of the motor load side vertical direction and the fan load side vertical direction is reversed, the motor load side axial direction and the fan load side axial direction phase difference are reversed, the bearing seat horizontal direction and the horizontal phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed, the bearing seat vertical direction and the vertical phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed or the bearing seat axial direction and the axial direction phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed, judging that the two sides of the coupler between the motor and the fan are reversed and the angles;
the phase difference is homodromous within +/-30 degrees, and the phase difference is opposite to 180 +/-30 degrees; 5) stopping the machine, starting the machine after the machine is stopped, performing dynamic balance on the fan according to a dynamic balance method by using the dynamic balance function of the vibration analyzer, and if the angle of the added balance weight is changed, indicating that the gravity center of the bearing seat is drifting;
6) if the tested bearing seat has the conditions in the steps 3) -5), the concrete foundation of the bearing seat can be judged to have the problem of looseness or unrealistic paving, the machine needs to be stopped, the fan rotor, the shell and the bearing seat are hoisted, and the fan foundation is poured again.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: in the step 1), a vibration probe is arranged on a bearing seat, and a rotating speed probe is arranged on a rack and corresponds to a photosensitive film on a rotating shaft.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: by adjusting the position of the vibration probe, vibration speed values of the bearing seat, the seat support, the support bottom plate and the concrete foundation under the same working condition in the east, south, west and north directions are sequentially collected from top to bottom and recorded.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method has the beneficial effects that: the method utilizes the vibration amplitude, combines the phase difference relation between the fan and the motor and the dynamic balance, and comprehensively judges whether the concrete foundation of the fan is loosened or hollow or not; more importantly, the method realizes the positioning of the position with looseness or a cavity through external measurement data under the condition that the original structure is not damaged, provides reasonable direction for repair work, and saves the investigation time.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fan unit and a mounting position of a part of a measurement element in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram of measured points in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of data at each station in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings: concrete foundation 1, bottom plate 2, support 3, bearing frame 4, motor shaft 5, motor 6, left side vibration measuring probe 7, rotational speed probe 8, intermediate shaft coupling 9, right side vibration measuring probe 10, fan 11, vibration analysis appearance 12.
Detailed Description
Examples
The loosening judgment method applied to the fan concrete foundation of the embodiment executes the following steps:
1) the installation equipment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, installs the vibration probe on the bearing seat, and the rotation speed probe is installed on the frame and corresponds to the photosensitive film on the rotation axis. By adjusting the position of the vibration probe, vibration speed values of the bearing seat, the seat support, the support bottom plate and the concrete foundation under the same working condition in the east, south, west and north directions are sequentially collected from top to bottom and recorded.
The fan is connected with the motor through the middle coupling, the two ends of the fan and the two ends of the motor are axially arranged on the bearing seats, and the fan and the motor are respectively provided with two sets of bearing seats. The bearing block is installed on the bearing block support through bolts, the bearing block support is installed on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is fixed on the concrete foundation through foundation bolts. During production, the motor rotates to drive the fan impeller to rotate through the coupler, and therefore fluid conveying in production is completed. During vibration detection and analysis, the vibration analyzer is arranged on the edge of a fan in operation, the connecting wires for the left vibration probe and the right vibration probe are respectively inserted into the two channels, the vibration probes respectively measure the vibration speed of the bearing seat of the motor, and then the vibration probes are sequentially arranged in the directions around the bearing seat supports at the two ends of the motor, the support bottom plate and the concrete foundation to sequentially measure the vibration speed values of all the positions. The vibration probe is used for measuring the vibration speed values of the fan side bearing seat, the bracket, the bottom plate and the concrete foundation respectively.
And (3) installing a vibration probe and a rotating speed probe of a vibration analyzer on site at a fan operation site, sequentially measuring vibration speed values of the bearing seats (measuring points 1, 2, 3 and 4), the supports (measuring points 11, 22, 33 and 44), the bottom plates (measuring points 111, 222, 333 and 444) and the concrete foundations (measuring points 1111, 2222, 3333 and 4444) by using the two probes, recording, and comparing phase differences among the measuring points 1, 11, 111 and 1111 by using the double probes.
2) Measuring the phase difference between the horizontal-horizontal, vertical-vertical and axial-axial directions of bearing seats at two sides of the fan by using a dual-channel vibration measuring instrument, testing the horizontal-vertical phase difference at the load side of the fan, and testing the phase difference between the horizontal at the load side of the motor, the horizontal at the load side of the fan, the vertical at the load side of the motor, the vertical at the load side of the fan, the axial at the load side of the motor and the axial at the load side of the fan; and recording is performed.
The vibration probe is used for respectively testing the vibration speed of bearing seats at two sides of the fan and the motor, the double probes are used for respectively measuring the phase difference between the horizontal direction and the horizontal direction, the vertical direction and the axial direction, the horizontal phase difference and the vertical phase difference at the load side of the fan are tested, and the phase difference between the horizontal direction at the load side of the motor and the horizontal direction at the load side of the fan, the vertical direction at the load side of the motor and the vertical direction at the load side of the fan and the axial direction at the.
3) Comparing vibration speed values of measuring points in four directions of south, east and west on one plane of a bearing seat, a seat support, a support bottom plate or a concrete foundation, and then comparing vibration speed values of measuring points on different planes in the same direction; if the first difference values of the vibration speed value of one measuring point and the vibration speed values of the other three measuring points on the same plane of the measuring point are larger than a first preset threshold value, further comparing second difference values of the other three measuring points which are on the same direction with the measuring point and are not on the same plane with the measuring point, and if the second difference values are larger than a second preset value, loosening exists at the measuring point.
And comparing the vibration speed values of the bearing seat, the seat support, the support bottom plate and the concrete foundation in the four directions of south, east and north, and comparing the vibration amplitudes of the four directions on each plane. As shown in figure 3 (the numerical unit in the figure is mm/s), the vibration values of the cement foundation at the right lower end of the air machine load side, the bottom plate and the bearing seat are far smaller than those of other three points on the basic diagram, and the analysis shows that only the point is tighter, and the rest three points have different degrees of unrealistic foundations. The vibration value of the concrete foundation at the upper right side of the free side of the fan is larger, and the phase difference between the concrete foundation and the upper bottom plate is 600C, indicating that there may be foundation looseness.
4) Further comparing phase differences of the two sides of the fan and the motor, if the phase difference of the motor load side horizontal direction and the fan load side horizontal direction is reversed, the phase difference of the motor load side vertical direction and the fan load side vertical direction is reversed, the motor load side axial direction and the fan load side axial direction phase difference are reversed, the bearing seat horizontal direction and the horizontal phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed, the bearing seat vertical direction and the vertical phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed or the bearing seat axial direction and the axial direction phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed, judging that the two sides of the coupler between the motor and the fan are reversed and the angles; the phase difference is homodromous within +/-30 degrees, and the phase difference is opposite to 180 +/-30 degrees.
Comparing the phase difference between two adjacent sides of the fan and the motor, and the motor load side level-the fan load side level phase difference 1450Vertical phase difference 179 between motor load side and fan load side0Axial phase difference 173 between motor load side and fan load side0. Axial 180 of fan and motor0Axially reversed, with a horizontal and vertical phase difference of about 1800Therefore, the condition that a large angle is not centered in the running process of the fan can be judged. And the foundation looseness can cause the up-and-down movement of the rotor shaft in the operation process, so that high-speed dynamic misalignment is caused, and the dynamic misalignment in the high-speed operation process caused by the foundation looseness is considered to be poor in analysis.
5) Stopping the machine, starting the machine after stopping the machine, performing dynamic balance on the fan according to a dynamic balance method by using the dynamic balance function of the vibration analyzer, and indicating that the gravity center of the bearing seat drifts if the angle of the added balance weight changes.
Stopping the machine, starting the machine again, and performing dynamic balance on the fan according to a dynamic balance method by utilizing the dynamic balance function of the vibration analyzer. If the calculated counterweight adding angle is changed, the angle of adding the counterweight by the fan impeller is found to be unstable and is changed within the range of 23 degrees to 91 degrees, and the counterweight weight is required to be 3.52 kg. From this, the analysis considers that the center of gravity of the impeller shifts due to the loosening of the foundation.
6) If the tested bearing seat has the conditions in the steps 3) -5), the problem that the concrete foundation of the bearing seat is loose or not really paved can be judged, the machine needs to be stopped, the fan rotor, the shell and the bearing seat are hoisted, and the fan foundation is poured again.
Comprehensive analysis and vibration tests show that the vibration value is unstable and exceeds the basic vibration speed on the bottom plate; the centering is good when the machine is stopped, and 180-degree left-right reversal exists on two sides of the coupler when the machine runs at high speed; the dynamic balancing instrument tests the phenomena of unstable angle of the balance weight, unfixed circumferential direction of the eccentric mass and the like, and can judge that the foundation is loosened. And then stopping the machine for a week, hoisting the rotor, the shell and the bearing seat of the fan, finding that three points between a base plate of the bearing seat and a cement foundation are not completely filled after hoisting the bearing seat, and finding that a base plate on the bearing seat is slightly worn when the inclined iron runs on the fan. And (5) knocking off the secondary grouting layer, and leveling and tamping the foundation again by using the wedge.
And after the fan is installed again, the vibration speed values of all measuring points are greatly reduced by measuring the data after the maintenance on site. The phase difference disappears and is synchronous, the energy of frequency components except the frequency conversion is small, the axial vibration is completely eliminated, and the stable operation of the sintering main exhaust fan is ensured.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A loosening judgment method applied to a fan concrete foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) installing equipment;
2) measuring the phase difference between the horizontal-horizontal, vertical-vertical and axial-axial directions of bearing seats at two sides of a coupling between the fan and the motor by using a dual-channel vibration measuring instrument, testing the horizontal-vertical phase difference at the load side of the fan, testing the phase difference between the horizontal at the load side of the motor and the horizontal at the load side of the fan, the vertical at the load side of the motor and the vertical at the load side of the fan, and testing the phase difference between the axial direction at the load side of the motor and the axial direction at the; and recording;
3) by adjusting the position of the vibration probe, sequentially acquiring and recording vibration speed values of the bearing seat, the seat support, the support bottom plate and the concrete foundation under the same working condition in all directions from top to bottom; comparing vibration speed values of measuring points in four directions of south, east and west on one plane of a bearing seat, a seat support, a support bottom plate or a concrete foundation, and then comparing vibration speed values of measuring points on different planes in the same direction; if the first difference values of the vibration speed value of one measuring point and the vibration speed values of other three measuring points on the same plane of the measuring point are larger than a first preset threshold value, further comparing second difference values of the other three measuring points which are in the same direction with the measuring point and not on the same plane with the measuring point, and if the second difference values are larger than a second preset value, loosening exists at the measuring point;
4) further comparing phase differences of the two sides of the fan and the motor, if the phase difference of the motor load side horizontal direction and the fan load side horizontal direction is reversed, the phase difference of the motor load side vertical direction and the fan load side vertical direction is reversed, the motor load side axial direction and the fan load side axial direction phase difference are reversed, the bearing seat horizontal direction and the horizontal phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed, the bearing seat vertical direction and the vertical phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed or the bearing seat axial direction and the axial direction phase difference of the two sides of the coupler are reversed, judging that the two sides of the coupler between the motor and the fan are reversed and the angles;
the phase difference is homodromous within +/-30 degrees, and the phase difference is opposite to 180 +/-30 degrees; 5) stopping the machine, starting the machine after the machine is stopped, performing dynamic balance on the fan according to a dynamic balance method by using the dynamic balance function of the vibration analyzer, and if the angle of the added balance weight is changed, indicating that the gravity center of the bearing seat is drifting;
6) if the tested bearing seat has the conditions in the steps 3) -5), the problem that the concrete foundation of the bearing seat is loose or not really paved can be judged, the machine needs to be stopped, the fan rotor, the shell and the bearing seat are hoisted, and the fan foundation is poured again.
2. The loosening judgment method applied to the wind turbine concrete foundation according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 1), a vibration probe is arranged on a bearing seat, and a rotating speed probe is arranged on a rack and corresponds to a photosensitive film on a rotating shaft.
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| CN201810270152.1A CN110319919B (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-03-29 | Looseness judging method applied to fan concrete foundation |
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| CN112539935B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-10-14 | 西安因联信息科技有限公司 | Method for identifying basic faults of rotating machinery |
| CN114281013A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-04-05 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | High-precision fan shaft vibration protection control device and method thereof |
| CN114088369A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-25 | 华能(福建)能源开发有限公司福州分公司 | Vibration analysis and repair method for bearing seat |
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| US4128011A (en) * | 1974-07-16 | 1978-12-05 | Savage Robert J | Investigation of the soundness of structures |
| JP2002286700A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Fracture detection system for foundation structure by ae sound |
| JP5074117B2 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2012-11-14 | 株式会社ユアテック | Method and apparatus for measuring shape of buried concrete foundation |
| CN101787715B (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-07-27 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Method used for testing stability of foundation of fan suspended in road tunnel and system therefor |
| CN202274921U (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-06-13 | 上海理工大学 | Grinding machine foundation vibration measurement device |
| CN104880291B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-09-25 | 四川鸿舰重型机械制造有限责任公司 | The diagnostic method for causing bearing block axial vibration big for base flexible |
| JP6587487B2 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2019-10-09 | 倉敷化工株式会社 | Active vibration isolator and sensor installation method |
| EP3222969B1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-09-26 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Construction site referencing |
| CN107121271B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-12-13 | 北京工业大学 | Experimental method for identifying foundation modal parameters of heavy machine tool foundation |
| CN107807386B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device for predicting point bar sand body position |
| CN107843334A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-27 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | The intelligent monitor system that a kind of soft base sluice plate comes to nothing |
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