CN110318956A - A kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis - Google Patents
A kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN110318956A CN110318956A CN201910658607.1A CN201910658607A CN110318956A CN 110318956 A CN110318956 A CN 110318956A CN 201910658607 A CN201910658607 A CN 201910658607A CN 110318956 A CN110318956 A CN 110318956A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/80—Diagnostics
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to blade structure for wind driven generator damage detection technology fields, and disclose a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, S1: opening spectrum analyzer；A kind of analysis instrument based on Spectral Analysis Method production, the signal strength that signal source is issued is unfolded by frequency order, become the function of frequency, and investigate changing rule, with Fourier space or Fourier transformation, time-domain signal can be achieved with to be transformed into frequency domain signal, with the signal amplitude for showing frequency domain in a flash, its working principle is that having corresponding filter and detector for different frequency signals, S2: selection needs the content detected；Wind-driven generator mainly is needed all to carry out three elements repeated detection, the data of control test analyze the damage position and degree of blade by blade, tower and motor form when detecting blade structure of wind power generation damage.
Description
Technical field
It is specially a kind of based on spectrum analysis the present invention relates to blade structure for wind driven generator damage detection technology field
Blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method.
Background technique
In the composition of wind-driven generator, blade is particularly significant, and the damage of blade can have greatly the efficiency of wind-power electricity generation
Influence, it is therefore desirable to timing detects the degree of injury of blade, and whether detection blade damages with degree of injury because by the external world
Disturbing factor is too many, detection get up it is pretty troublesome, with the development of science and technology, Spectral Analysis Method be commonly used for detect wind-driven generator leaf
The damage of piece, but the testing result that single detection blade obtains is often inaccuracy, can not rule out external sound to detection
As a result influence.
Summary of the invention
(1) the technical issues of solving
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the blade structure for wind driven generator damage based on spectrum analysis that the present invention provides a kind of
Hurt detection method, have the degree of impairment for more comprehensively detecting blade of wind-driven generator the advantages that, solve wind-driven generator
The incomplete problem of the detection of the degree of impairment of blade.
(2) technical solution
For the purpose for realizing the above-mentioned better degree of impairment for detecting blade of wind-driven generator, the present invention provides following technology
Scheme: a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, including S1: spectrum analyzer is opened；
It is a kind of based on Spectral Analysis Method production analysis instrument, by signal source issue signal strength by frequency order expansion, make its at
For the function of frequency, and changing rule is investigated, with Fourier space or Fourier transformation, time-domain signal can be achieved with to convert
At frequency domain signal, in the same signal amplitude for showing frequency domain in a flash, its working principle is that having for different frequency signals
Corresponding filter and detector, then passed the signal on screen via synchronous multiplexing scanner, it can display cycle property
The moment of stray wave reacts.
S2: selection needs the content detected；Wind-driven generator is mainly by blade, tower and motor form, in detection wind-force
When power generation blade structural damage, using frequency spectrum detection method, need the vibration frequency of blade being converted to electric signal, convenient for analyzing,
But there are also towers and generator for the vibrating elements in wind-driven generator, it is therefore desirable to repeated detection is all carried out to three elements,
The data of control test analyze the damage position and degree of blade.
S3: wind speed measurement device；The vibration of the blade of wind-driven generator is not only related with blade itself, also with the size of wind-force
Relevant, the size of wind-force affects the vibration frequency of blade, it is therefore desirable to which wind speed when real-time detection generator works is used for
This variable of controlled wind speed reduces influence of the wind speed to testing result.
S21: crop leaf measuring；Vibration detection is carried out to the front end of blade, middle-end and rear end respectively with spectrum analyzer, is used for
Three testing results are compared, for determining position and the degree of injury of blade injury.
S4: the fundamental frequency of detected object is determined；The shape and material of test object as needed, determine detected object by
Basic revolution rate when being detected to detection frequency, for judging that the position is to have damage.
S5: live vibration test；Frequency spectrum detection needs to detect the vibration signal of detected object, needs in wind-driven generator
It detects at work, judges wind-driven generator at work, the vibration frequency of the blade of wind-driven generator, tower and motor,
Influence and fundamental frequency in conjunction with wind speed, whether that judges blade, tower and motor has abnormal vibrations in work, so that it is determined that damage
Component and position.
S6: transmitting test frequency；Opening frequency spectrum divides the test of instrument to take place frequently emitter, utilizes vibrating sensor acquisition time domain waveform letter
Number, time domain waveform signal is converted into frequency-region signal into fast Fourier transformation is crossed, and available frequency is that the frequency domain of abscissa is believed
Number spectrogram, change detection transmitting test frequency size, can be with multiple spectrograms, on this each test object and position
Each spectrogram in conjunction with the influence of wind speed, then compares fundamental frequency, more accurate spectrogram under available difference wind speed.
S8: data are collected；Air speed data is collected, each of the measurand that spectrum analyzer obtains under different wind speed is collected
The vibration signal of position collects the fundamental frequency of measurand.
S9: data analyzer is imported；Using the induction of computer and big data, wind speed is analyzed to measurand
Testing result influence, can also obtain influence of the different wind speed to the testing result of damage location, analysis obtain tower and
Influence of the vibration of motor to the inspection result of blade, can be with different location vibration on the same blade of analytic activity to other positions
The influence for the testing result set.
S10: data preparation；The testing result for analyzing acquisition in data analyzer is arranged, excludes tower and motor to leaf
The influence of the testing result of piece, being excluded with sample has influencing each other when damaging at two on the same blade, controls other become
Amount, sorts out vibration signal at different wind speeds at a crop leaf measuring, obtains different one position of wind speed inferior lobe on piece
Vibration signal.
S11: spectrogram is drawn；The vibrating sensor of spectrum analyzer obtains the vibration signal of tested blade, and vibration is believed
Number being changed using fast Fourier, is converted into frequency-region signal, available frequency is the spectrogram of the frequency-region signal of abscissa,
Combined data arranges the fundamental frequency of measurand under the different wind speed obtained, draws out the accurate spectrogram of each position of blade.
Preferably, S22: tower detection；Vibration inspection is carried out to the top of blade, middle-end and bottom end respectively with spectrum analyzer
It surveys, compares three testing results, whether the vibration for judging tower is normal, and the vibration for excluding tower, which detects blade vibration, ties
The influence of fruit.
S23: electric machines test；The vertical, horizontal of motor and axial three directions are vibrated respectively with spectrum analyzer
Detection compares testing result three times, and whether the vibration for judging motor is normal, and the vibration for excluding tower detects blade vibration
As a result influence.
Preferably, S12: contrasting data；Data report is formed including S121 and whether S122 comparison check report content is different
Often, judge whether vibration values are abnormal, the larger value that spectrogram is reflected compares with relevant criterion, and determine testing result can
With reliability, the spectrogram after comparison to be excluded to abnormal spectrogram is integrated, and judges that the blade of detection whether there is damage,
And each position whether damage and degree of injury.
Preferably, S13: database is imported；Blade vibration signal spectrum figure, same will be determined after analyzer and contrasting data
The vibration signals spectrograph figure and the inspection of same time wind speed of the vibration signals spectrograph figure of the tower of a time and same time motor
Data record after surveying result integration in the database, needs will have agreed to also same without the vibration signals spectrograph figure of position on blade
Sample records in the database, and the Data Integration of record is saved as a whole in a file, such preservation
Mode is recorded using entire detecting step as a complete individual experiment, can tell the environment detected every time and
The influence of other factors is sentenced in order to which former and later two testing results do not determine the accurate data of blade vibration signal detection simultaneously
Whether disconnected blade damages, and gives over to spare and imports database, detects data as a comparison convenient for downside, be convenient for downside detection data
Analysis.
Preferably, S7: amplifier is imported；Since the vibration signal energy of measurand is low, usually by other voice signals
It is covered, the vibration signal for extracting measurand using common vibrating sensor is highly difficult, can be passed using shock pulse
Sensor, by keeping the resonant frequency of sensor to stablize, the vibration signal at this moment obtained is amplified, more convenient to detect tested pair
As the vibration frequency of each position, the damage position and degree of measurand are not judged preferably based on the feedback signal, to wind
It is convenient that the degree of injury detection of power generator blade provides.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides a kind of, and the blade structure for wind driven generator based on spectrum analysis damages inspection
Survey method, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, it is somebody's turn to do the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, by being distinguished with spectrum analyzer
Vibration detection is carried out to the front end of blade, middle-end and rear end, for comparing three testing results, for determining the position of blade injury
It sets and degree of injury.
2, it is somebody's turn to do the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, by being distinguished with spectrum analyzer
Vibration detection being carried out to the top of blade, middle-end and bottom end, three testing results are compared, for whether just to judge the vibration of tower
Often, influence of the vibration of tower to blade vibration testing result is excluded.
3, it is somebody's turn to do the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, by being distinguished with spectrum analyzer
Vibration detection is carried out to the vertical, horizontal of motor and axial three directions, testing result three times is compared, for judging the vibration of motor
It is dynamic whether normal, exclude influence of the vibration of tower to blade vibration testing result.
4, it is somebody's turn to do the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, passes through the blade of wind-driven generator
Vibration it is not only related with blade itself, also relevant with the size of wind-force, the size of wind-force affects the vibration frequency of blade,
Wind speed when real-time detection generator therefore being needed to work reduces wind speed to testing result for this variable of controlled wind speed
Influence.
5, it is somebody's turn to do the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, is sensed by using shock pulse
Device, by keeping the resonant frequency of sensor to stablize, the vibration signal of this acquisition for being is amplified, more convenient to detect tested pair
As the vibration frequency of each position, the damage position and degree of measurand are not judged preferably based on the feedback signal, to wind
It is convenient that the degree of injury detection of power generator blade provides.
6, it is somebody's turn to do the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, by arranging in data analyzer
The testing result obtained is analyzed, the influence of tower and motor to the testing result of blade is excluded, excludes the same leaf with sample
On piece has influencing each other when damaging at two, controls other variables, sorts out at a crop leaf measuring at different wind speeds
Entire detecting step is recorded as a complete individual experiment, can tell the environment detected every time by vibration signal
And the influence of other factors is sentenced in order to which former and later two testing results determine the accurate data of blade vibration signal detection frequently
Whether disconnected blade damages, and gives over to spare and imports database, detects data as a comparison convenient for downside, be convenient for downside detection data
Analysis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method frame diagram based on spectrum analysis.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, including S1: it beats
Open spectrum analyzer；A kind of analysis instrument based on Spectral Analysis Method production, the signal strength that signal source is issued are suitable by frequency
Sequence expansion, becomes the function of frequency, and investigate changing rule, with Fourier space or Fourier transformation, can be achieved with handle
Time-domain signal is transformed into frequency domain signal, in the same signal amplitude for showing frequency domain in a flash, its working principle is that for difference
Frequency signal and have corresponding filter and detector, then pass the signal to screen via synchronous multiplexing scanner
On, the moment reaction of energy display cycle property stray wave.
S2: selection needs the content detected；Wind-driven generator is mainly by blade, tower and motor form, in detection wind-force
When power generation blade structural damage, using frequency spectrum detection method, need the vibration frequency of blade being converted to electric signal, convenient for analyzing,
But there are also towers and generator for the vibrating elements in wind-driven generator, it is therefore desirable to repeated detection is all carried out to three elements,
The data of control test analyze the damage position and degree of blade.
S3: wind speed measurement device；The vibration of the blade of wind-driven generator is not only related with blade itself, also with the size of wind-force
Relevant, the size of wind-force affects the vibration frequency of blade, it is therefore desirable to which wind speed when real-time detection generator works is used for
This variable of controlled wind speed reduces influence of the wind speed to testing result.
S21: crop leaf measuring；Vibration detection is carried out to the front end of blade, middle-end and rear end respectively with spectrum analyzer, is used for
Three testing results are compared, for determining position and the degree of injury of blade injury.
S22: tower detection；Vibration detection is carried out to the top of blade, middle-end and bottom end respectively with spectrum analyzer, is compared
Three testing results, whether the vibration for judging tower is normal, excludes shadow of the vibration to blade vibration testing result of tower
It rings.
S23: electric machines test；The vertical, horizontal of motor and axial three directions are vibrated respectively with spectrum analyzer
Detection compares testing result three times, and whether the vibration for judging motor is normal, and the vibration for excluding tower detects blade vibration
As a result influence.
S4: the fundamental frequency of detected object is determined；The shape and material of test object as needed, determine detected object by
Basic revolution rate when being detected to detection frequency, for judging that the position is to have damage.
S5: live vibration test；Frequency spectrum detection needs to detect the vibration signal of detected object, needs in wind-driven generator
It detects at work, judges wind-driven generator at work, the vibration frequency of the blade of wind-driven generator, tower and motor,
Influence and fundamental frequency in conjunction with wind speed, whether that judges blade, tower and motor has abnormal vibrations in work, so that it is determined that damage
Component and position.
S6: transmitting test frequency；Opening frequency spectrum divides the test of instrument to take place frequently emitter, utilizes vibrating sensor acquisition time domain waveform letter
Number, time domain waveform signal is converted into frequency-region signal into fast Fourier transformation is crossed, and available frequency is that the frequency domain of abscissa is believed
Number spectrogram, change detection transmitting test frequency size, can be with multiple spectrograms, on this each test object and position
Each spectrogram in conjunction with the influence of wind speed, then compares fundamental frequency, more accurate spectrogram under available difference wind speed.
S7: amplifier is imported；Since the vibration signal energy of measurand is low, usually covered by other voice signals,
The vibration signal for extracting measurand using common vibrating sensor is highly difficult, can use shock pulse sensor, lead to
It crosses and the resonant frequency of sensor is kept to stablize, the vibration signal at this moment obtained is amplified, more convenient to detect that measurand is each
The vibration frequency of position does not judge the damage position and degree of measurand preferably, to wind-power electricity generation based on the feedback signal
It is convenient that the degree of injury detection of machine blade provides.
S8: data are collected；Air speed data is collected, each of the measurand that spectrum analyzer obtains under different wind speed is collected
The vibration signal of position collects the fundamental frequency of measurand.
S9: data analyzer is imported；Using the induction of computer and big data, wind speed is analyzed to measurand
Testing result influence, can also obtain influence of the different wind speed to the testing result of damage location, analysis obtain tower and
Influence of the vibration of motor to the inspection result of blade, can be with different location vibration on the same blade of analytic activity to other positions
The influence for the testing result set.
S10: data preparation；The testing result for analyzing acquisition in data analyzer is arranged, excludes tower and motor to leaf
The influence of the testing result of piece, being excluded with sample has influencing each other when damaging at two on the same blade, controls other become
Amount, sorts out vibration signal at different wind speeds at a crop leaf measuring, obtains different one position of wind speed inferior lobe on piece
Vibration signal.
S11: spectrogram is drawn；The vibrating sensor of spectrum analyzer obtains the vibration signal of tested blade, and vibration is believed
Number being changed using fast Fourier, is converted into frequency-region signal, available frequency is the spectrogram of the frequency-region signal of abscissa,
Combined data arranges the fundamental frequency of measurand under the different wind speed obtained, draws out the accurate spectrogram of each position of blade.
S12: contrasting data；Data report is formed including S121 and whether S122 comparison check report content is abnormal, judgement
Whether vibration values are abnormal, and the larger value that spectrogram is reflected compares with relevant criterion, and determine testing result can be reliable
Property, the spectrogram after the abnormal spectrogram of comparison exclusion is integrated, judges that the blade of detection whether there is damage, and respectively
A position whether damage and degree of injury.
S13: database is imported；Blade vibration signal spectrum figure, at the same time will be determined after analyzer and contrasting data
The vibration signals spectrograph figure of tower and the vibration signals spectrograph figure of same time motor and same time wind speed measurement result
Data record after integration in the database, needs will have agreed to similarly to record on blade without the vibration signals spectrograph figure of position
In the database, and by the Data Integration of record it in a file, saves as a whole, such preserving type,
To be recorded using entire detecting step as a complete individual experiment, can tell the environment detected every time and other because
The influence of element judges blade in order to which former and later two testing results do not determine the accurate data of blade vibration signal detection simultaneously
Whether damage, give over to spare and import database, detects data as a comparison convenient for downside, analyzed convenient for downside detection data.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis, it is characterised in that: described based on frequency
The blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method of spectrum analysis the following steps are included:
S1: spectrum analyzer is opened；
S2: selection needs the content detected；
S3: wind speed measurement device；
S4: the fundamental frequency of detected object is determined；
S5: live vibration test；
S6: transmitting test frequency；
S7: amplifier is imported；
S8: data are collected；
S9: data analyzer is imported；
S10: data preparation；
S11: spectrogram is drawn；
S12: contrasting data；
S13: database is imported.
2. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: content that S2 selection needs to detect the following steps are included:
S21: crop leaf measuring；
S22: tower detection；
S23: tower detection.
3. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the S7 import amplifier specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: shock pulse sensor can be used, by keeping the resonant frequency of sensor to stablize；
Step 2: the vibration signal at this moment obtained is amplified, the more convenient vibration frequency for detecting each position of measurand；
Step 3: not judging the damage position and degree of measurand preferably based on the feedback signal.
4. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the S12 contrasting data the following steps are included:
S121: data report is formed；
S122: whether comparison check report content is abnormal.
5. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 2,
Be characterized in that: the S23 tower detects specific following steps:
Step 1: carrying out vibration detection to the vertical direction of motor respectively with spectrum analyzer；
Step 1: carrying out vibration detection to the horizontal direction of motor respectively with spectrum analyzer；
Step 1: carrying out vibration detection to the axial direction of motor respectively with spectrum analyzer.
6. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that: the specific following steps of S21 crop leaf measuring:
Step 1: carrying out vibration detection with front end of the spectrum analyzer to blade；
Step 2: carrying out vibration detection with middle-end of the spectrum analyzer to blade；
Step 3: carrying out vibration detection with rear end of the spectrum analyzer to blade.
7. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the specific following steps of the S6 transmitting test frequency:
Divide the test of instrument to take place frequently emitter step 1: opening frequency spectrum, vibrating sensor is utilized to acquire time domain waveform signal；
Step 2: time domain waveform signal into fast Fourier transformation is crossed, is converted into frequency-region signal, available frequency is abscissa
Frequency-region signal spectrogram；
Step 3: change the size of detection transmitting test frequency, it can be with multiple spectrograms, on this each test object and position
Each spectrogram in conjunction with the influence of wind speed, then compares fundamental frequency, more accurate spectrogram under available difference wind speed.
8. a kind of blade structure for wind driven generator damage detecting method based on spectrum analysis according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the S10 data preparation specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: excluding the influence of tower and motor to the testing result of blade；
Step 2: excluding has influencing each other when damaging at two on the same blade；
Step 3: obtaining the vibration signal of one position of different wind speed inferior lobe on pieces.
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| CN112727703A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 北京天泽智云科技有限公司 | Fan blade protective film damage monitoring method and system based on audio signal |
| CN112983750A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-18 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Method and device for diagnosing mounting dislocation of blades of wind turbine generator |
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Application publication date: 20191011 |