CN110312861A - The low tension loop of restricting element and the fuel injection system with restricting element - Google Patents
The low tension loop of restricting element and the fuel injection system with restricting element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110312861A CN110312861A CN201880011874.3A CN201880011874A CN110312861A CN 110312861 A CN110312861 A CN 110312861A CN 201880011874 A CN201880011874 A CN 201880011874A CN 110312861 A CN110312861 A CN 110312861A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- restricting element
- fuel channel
- fuel
- throttle orifice
- injection system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
- F02M59/34—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by throttling of passages to pumping elements or of overflow passages, e.g. throttling by means of a pressure-controlled sliding valve having liquid stop or abutment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
- F02M37/44—Filters structurally associated with pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/27—Fuel-injection apparatus with filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of restricting element (1), the restricting element can be presented to fuel injection system, especially in the fuel channel (2) of the low tension loop of common-rail injection system, so as to the fuel stream for flowing through the fuel channel (2) in main flow direction that throttles, the restricting element includes and the coefficient sealing section (3) of the fuel channel (2), throttle orifice (4) are configured in the region of the sealing section, furthermore, the restricting element further includes at least one with the fuel channel (2) as annular gap filter house (14) coefficient filtering section (5, 6), the filtering section and the sealing section (3) pass through annular groove (7, 8) it separates.According to the present invention, the throttle orifice (4) has the longitudinal axis (A) relative to the restricting element (1) with angle (α) inclined tendency, wherein, the angle (α) less than 90 °, preferably smaller than 60 °, be further preferably no larger than 45 °.Moreover, it relates to which a kind of low tension loop of the fuel injection system, especially common-rail injection system with fuel channel (2), restricting element (1) according to the present invention are presented in the fuel channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of restricting elements with claim 1 preamble feature.The restricting element energy proposed
Enough be presented to fuel injection system, especially common-rail injection system low tension loop fuel channel in, to throttle in mainstream
The fuel stream of fuel channel is flowed through on dynamic direction.Moreover, it relates to a kind of fuel injection system with fuel channel
Low tension loop, this restricting element is presented in the fuel channel.
Background technique
A kind of restricting element that can be placed in fuel channel as known to 10 2,009 001 564 A1 of DE, for saving
Stream flows through the fuel stream of the fuel channel in main flow direction, and the restricting element has coefficient close with fuel channel
Section is sealed, the sealing section has throttling opening and is placed in the filtering section of throttling opening upstream in main flow direction.
In order to be placed to restricting element as zero conveying flow controller in the low tension loop of fuel injection system, the restricting element
Furthermore there is the filter element that throttling open downstream is arranged in main flow direction.The filter element should flow in low tension loop
Prevent particulate matter from inputting when dynamic reverse.If such as using manual pump after empty van traveling, for the exhaust of low tension loop, then
It is reversed in low tension loop flow direction.The filter element that throttling open downstream is arranged in main flow direction prevents from not filtering
Fuel reach throttling opening in and include in fuel particulate matter blocking throttling be open.
Summary of the invention
From the mentioned-above prior art, the task that the present invention is based on is, provide one kind can be placed to it is low
The restricting element in the fuel channel on road is pushed back, which not only has high functional reliability, but also can be simple
List and the manufacture of cost low land.
The task is solved by the restricting element with claim 1 feature.Advantageous extension scheme energy of the invention
Enough dependent claims obtain.In addition, providing a kind of low pressure of fuel injection system with restricting element according to the present invention
Circuit.
The restricting element proposed can be presented to the low tension loop of fuel injection system, especially common-rail injection system
In fuel channel, for the fuel stream for flowing through fuel channel in main flow direction that throttles, the restricting element includes and fuel
The coefficient sealing section in channel, is configured with throttle orifice, and including at least one and combustion in the region of the sealing section
Expect that channel is separated as the coefficient filtering section of annular gap filter house, the filtering section and sealing section by annular groove
It opens.According to the present invention, throttle orifice has the longitudinal axis A relative to restricting element with the inclined tendency of angle [alpha], wherein angle [alpha] is small
In 90 °, preferably smaller than 60 °, be further preferably no larger than 45 °.The inclination tendency of throttle orifice can be realized the single type of restricting element
Embodiment should specifically, even if being not only configured with filtering section respectively in throttle orifice upstream but also in throttle orifice downstream
Filtering section and fuel channel cooperatively form annular gap filter house.It eliminates engaging process and simplifies restricting element
Manufacture.
In addition, the restricting element that single type is implemented also has the advantage that sealing section less has tolerance, so that through
It is reliably avoided by the annular gap between sealing section and fuel channel around throttle orifice.Because being such as known from the state of the art
Restricting element in like that, more parts be engaged with sealing section region in, so the axile displacement of part relative to each other
Such as can result in and form gap in fuel channel, which offsets the sealing function of sealing section.
In order to be used in the low tension loop of fuel injection system more particularly to which restricting element is conveyed flow controller as zero
And propose, annular groove is respectively disposed with and with fuel channel as annular gap filter house collective effect in sealing section two sides
Filtering section.Not only prevent particulate matter from inputting in main flow direction by the filtering section arranged in two sides, and anti-
Prevent particulate matter from inputting on direction.High functional reliability is realized in this way, because substantially reducing blocking throttle orifice
It is dangerous.
Preferably, the annular groove for being arranged in sealing section two sides is connected to via throttle orifice and at least one other hole,
So that ensuring through the through-flow of restricting element.Therefore throttle orifice and at least one described other hole are formed can bypass seal area
The by-pass portion of section.Herein preferably, at least one described other hole can not have the through flow cross section of throttling action, so that only
Form a throttle orifice.
It is proposed in expansion scheme of the invention, at least one described other hole has relative to longitudinal axis A with angle beta
Inclined tendency, wherein angle beta less than 90 °, preferably smaller than 60 °, be further preferably no larger than 45 °.It is described that at least one is other
The inclination tendency in hole is convenient for manufacture restricting element, because the restricting element can be further configured for single type.Inclination angle beta
It is especially related to diameter and/or with the length of section is sealed, wherein angle as small as possible causes the optimization of flowing.Same feelings
Condition is suitable for determining throttle orifice relative to the inclined angle [alpha] of longitudinal axis A.
Described at least one other hole and throttle orifice can be arranged angularly in relation to one another, so that throttle orifice is laterally led to
In the other hole.
In addition, throttle orifice and at least one described other hole can be coaxially arranged, it is thus further simplified throttling member
The manufacture of part.
Advantageously, the annular is led in throttle orifice and/or at least one described other hole respectively in slot lateral side regions
In an annular groove in slot.On the one hand thus optimize the flowing by restricting element.On the other hand simplify throttle orifice and/or institute
State the manufacture at least one other hole.This especially the slot side described in a preferred embodiment according to the present invention relative to
It is applicable in when the vertical line inclination of longitudinal axis A.Here, the inclination of slot side is selected in this wise, so that the annular groove is radially towards
It opens wide.
Moreover, it is proposed that at least in main flow direction relative to throttle orifice be located at the annular slot in downstream there are two relative to
The inclined slot side of the vertical line of longitudinal axis A, so that annular groove opens wide radially towards.Therefore, stream is realized in main flow direction
Dynamic advanced optimizes.
In addition, proposing the low tension loop of a kind of fuel injection system with fuel channel, especially common-rail injection system, root
It is presented in the fuel channel according to restricting element of the invention.The particulate matter that the restricting element constitutes independent of direction is anti-
Shield, so that also ensuring that the particulate matter protects in the case where reverse flow.Preferably, restricting element seals section by it and is pressed
Enter into fuel channel, so that causing the sealing of optimization by press-fit.For this purpose, the sealing section of restricting element is configured with
Press-fit magnitude of interference relative to fuel channel.Be press-connected can extremely simple and cost low land realize because connecting with screw thread
Connecing differently need not screw cutting.
Therefore, it is proposed in expansion scheme of the invention, fuel channel constructs in the housing parts of high-pressure fuel pump simultaneously
And the zero conveying flow controller of restricting element composition for being placed into, being preferably pressed into the housing parts, because especially bright herein
Advantages of the present invention is showed aobviously.
Detailed description of the invention
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail below according to attached drawing.Attached drawing is shown:
Fig. 1 according to the schematic longitudinal cross section of the restricting element according to the present invention of the first preferred embodiment,
Fig. 2 according to the schematic longitudinal cross section of the restricting element according to the present invention of the second preferred embodiment, and
Restricting element of the Fig. 3 as Fig. 1 of the component part of high-pressure fuel pump.
Specific embodiment
Cylindricality restricting element 1 shown in Fig. 1, being pressed into fuel channel 2 has on peripheral side there are two ring
Shape slot 7,8, the annular groove restricting element 1 is divided into a central sealing section 3 and two end sides filtering section 5,
6.The sealing section 3 in center has the press-fit magnitude of interference relative to fuel channel 2, so that thus generating the pressure of restricting element 1
Cooperation.On the other hand, it the filtering section 5,6 Yu fuel channel 2 of two end sides collective effect in this way: is held at two
Annular gap filter house 14 is respectively formed in portion, which prevents particulate matter from inputting.Therefore, filtering section 5,
In 6 region, fuel is in outside one of is crossed from 1 by-pass flow of restricting element and therefore reaches two annular grooves 7,8.Pass through throttling
Hole 4 and other hole 9 can be realized the bypass of sealing section 3, and the throttle orifice is connected to annular groove 7,8 with the other hole
Mode be arranged in restricting element 1.
In main flow direction, restricting element 1 meets stream via filtering section 5, allows to include the particle in fuel
Object deposits before annular gap filter house 14, which forms between filtering section 5 and fuel channel 2.
Therefore, only filtered fuel reaches in annular groove 7.In the transition part to sealing section 3, annular groove 7 has inclined slot
Side 10, throttle orifice 4 are led in annular groove 7 via the slot side.
Inclined slot side 10 is conveniently constructed throttle orifice 4, which is currently implemented symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of restricting element 1
Line A is tilted with angle [alpha].Throttle orifice 4 is led in the other end in other hole 9, and the other hole is relative to longitudinal axis A with angle beta
It obliquely arranges, wherein angle beta is equal to angle [alpha], and wherein, throttle orifice 4 and other hole 9 are coaxially arranged.Angle [alpha] or
Angle beta selects in this wise, so that other hole 9 is led in the region for the slot side 11 similarly angularly implemented in annular groove 8,
So that being connected to required for establishing two annular grooves 7,8 with other hole 9 by throttle orifice 4.Then, annular groove is arrived via linking
Annular gap filter house 14 on 8 exports fuel, the annular gap filter house other filtering section 6 and fuel channel 2 it
Between formed.Here, another slot side 12 obliquely implemented of annular groove 8 optimize it is movement-oriented.
If flow direction is reversed, so that restricting element 1 meets stream via filtering section 6, then it is logical in filtering section 6 and fuel
The annular filter portion 14 formed between road 2 constitutes effective particulate matter protection.Therefore, that can be generated via restricting element 1
Grain object protection is unrelated with flow direction.Simultaneously can simple and cost low land manufacture restricting element 1 because the restricting element is implemented
For single type.The embodiment of the single type can be realized by the position in throttle orifice 4 and at least one other hole 9.
The embodiment modification of Fig. 1 is shown in FIG. 2.Herein, throttle orifice 4 and other hole 9 are not coaxially arranged, and
It is at an angle relative to each other.This causes throttle orifice 4 laterally to lead in other hole 9.The embodiment of the modification especially may be used
To be implementation determined by geometry and simplified throttle orifice 4 and/or other hole 9.
The housing parts 13 with the high-pressure fuel pump of fuel channel 2, the throttling of Fig. 1 can be illustratively obtained from Fig. 3
Element 1, which is placed into, to be pressed into other words in the fuel channel.Restricting element 1 is used as zero conveying flow controller in this application, with
Just extra fuel quantity is supplied to reflux portion 16 from the inflow region 15 of high-pressure fuel pump in zero conveying of high-pressure fuel pump.
Inflow region 15 is also a part of low tension loop as reflux portion 16, is connected in the low tension loop for supplying fuel
High-pressure fuel pump.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of restricting element (1), the restricting element can be presented to fuel injection system, especially common-rail injection system
In the fuel channel (2) of low tension loop, for the fuel stream for flowing through the fuel channel (2) in main flow direction that throttles, institute
Stating restricting element includes the structure in the region of the sealing section with the coefficient sealing section (3) of the fuel channel (2)
Throttle orifice (4) are made, in addition, the restricting element further includes at least one with the fuel channel (2) as annular gap mistake
The coefficient filtering section (5,6) in filter portion (14), the filtering section and the sealing section (3) pass through annular groove (7,8)
It separates,
It is characterized in that, the throttle orifice (4) has the longitudinal axis (A) relative to the restricting element (1) with angle (α) inclination
Tendency, wherein the angle (α) less than 90 °, preferably smaller than 60 °, be further preferably no larger than 45 °.
2. restricting element (1) according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, it is described sealing section (3) two sides be respectively disposed with annular groove (7,8) and with the fuel channel
(2) it is used as the coefficient filtering section (5,6) of the annular gap filter house (14).
3. restricting element (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, being arranged in the annular groove (7,8) of described sealing section (3) two sides via the throttle orifice (4) and extremely
Few one other hole (9) connection, so that ensuring through the through-flow of the restricting element (1).
4. restricting element (1) according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, at least one described other hole (9) is with inclined with angle (β) relative to the longitudinal axis (A)
Tendency, wherein the angle (β) less than 90 °, preferably smaller than 60 °, be further preferably no larger than 45 °.
5. restricting element (1) according to claim 3 or 4,
It is characterized in that, the throttle orifice (4) and at least one described other hole (9) are coaxially arranged.
6. restricting element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that, the throttle orifice (4) and/or at least one described other hole (9) are respectively in slot side (10,11)
It is led in region in an annular groove in the annular groove (7,8).
7. restricting element (1) according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, the slot side (10,11) tilts relative to the vertical line of the longitudinal axis (A).
8. restricting element (1) according to claim 6 or 7,
It is characterized in that, the annular groove (8) for being located at downstream relative to the throttle orifice (4) at least in main flow direction has two
The inclined slot side (11,12) of a vertical line relative to the longitudinal axis (A), so that the annular groove (8) opens radially towards
It opens.
9. the low tension loop of a kind of fuel injection system, especially common-rail injection system, the low tension loop has fuel channel
(2), restricting element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims is presented in the fuel channel.
10. low tension loop according to claim 9,
It is characterized in that, fuel channel (2) construction is in the housing parts (13) of high-pressure fuel pump and is placed to the shell
The restricting element (1) composition in body portion has zero conveying flow controller.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017202310.4A DE102017202310A1 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2017-02-14 | Throttle element and low-pressure circuit of a fuel injection system with a throttle element |
DE102017202310.4 | 2017-02-14 | ||
PCT/EP2018/053328 WO2018149752A1 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-02-09 | Throttle element, and low pressure circuit of a fuel injection system having a throttle element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110312861A true CN110312861A (en) | 2019-10-08 |
CN110312861B CN110312861B (en) | 2021-08-31 |
Family
ID=61231238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201880011874.3A Active CN110312861B (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-02-09 | Throttle element and low-pressure circuit of a fuel injection system having a throttle element |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110312861B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017202310A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018149752A1 (en) |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19640085C1 (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 1998-04-02 | Orange Gmbh | Stop valve to limit the flow rate |
CN1185525A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-24 | 日野汽车工业株式会社 | Injection device for injection of fuel |
EP0947690A2 (en) * | 1998-03-28 | 1999-10-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fluid control valve |
CN1252854A (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 2000-05-10 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Fuel injection pump for IC engines, in particular big, slow marine diesel engines |
US6422208B1 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2002-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
CN101004160A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-25 | 株式会社电装 | Common rail having orifice |
DE102009001564A1 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Throttle element for low-pressure circuit of common rail system of motor vehicle, has filter element provided at section of throttle element, where section is provided upstream of throttle opening |
US20120285556A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Ulrich Erb | Pressure-limiting valve |
DE102011084356A1 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | High-pressure fuel pump i.e. radial piston pump, for fuel injection system, has housing portion comprising bore for ventilating engine compartment of pump and throttle, and edge filter inserted into bore for formation of throttle |
DE102011089797A1 (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Overflow valve for common-rail injection system utilized for injecting fuel into combustion chamber of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engine, has spring element supported on adjustment element comprises ventilation hole |
DE102013210983A1 (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-18 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Flow regulator |
CN105888906A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2016-08-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Fuel high-pressure pump for internal combustion engine |
-
2017
- 2017-02-14 DE DE102017202310.4A patent/DE102017202310A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-02-09 CN CN201880011874.3A patent/CN110312861B/en active Active
- 2018-02-09 WO PCT/EP2018/053328 patent/WO2018149752A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19640085C1 (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 1998-04-02 | Orange Gmbh | Stop valve to limit the flow rate |
CN1185525A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-24 | 日野汽车工业株式会社 | Injection device for injection of fuel |
CN1252854A (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 2000-05-10 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Fuel injection pump for IC engines, in particular big, slow marine diesel engines |
EP0947690A2 (en) * | 1998-03-28 | 1999-10-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fluid control valve |
US6422208B1 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2002-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
CN101004160A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-25 | 株式会社电装 | Common rail having orifice |
CN105888906A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2016-08-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Fuel high-pressure pump for internal combustion engine |
DE102009001564A1 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Throttle element for low-pressure circuit of common rail system of motor vehicle, has filter element provided at section of throttle element, where section is provided upstream of throttle opening |
US20120285556A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Ulrich Erb | Pressure-limiting valve |
DE102011084356A1 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | High-pressure fuel pump i.e. radial piston pump, for fuel injection system, has housing portion comprising bore for ventilating engine compartment of pump and throttle, and edge filter inserted into bore for formation of throttle |
DE102011089797A1 (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Overflow valve for common-rail injection system utilized for injecting fuel into combustion chamber of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engine, has spring element supported on adjustment element comprises ventilation hole |
DE102013210983A1 (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-18 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Flow regulator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110312861B (en) | 2021-08-31 |
WO2018149752A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
DE102017202310A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
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