CN110311992B - Functional Addressing Method for Unified Diagnostic Service of Automotive Ethernet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a UDS function addressing method based on automotive Ethernet, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: mapping the function addressing address and the IP multicast address, establishing a mapping table and building it into the Ethernet diagnostic function According to the mapping table, the control of the access authority of the external test equipment by the server is completed; the diagnostic communication in the functional addressing communication mode is sent to the server; after receiving the functional addressing diagnostic message, the server performs diagnostic processing. By adopting the technical scheme of the present invention, when processing function addressing and sending, the client only needs to process it once and send a data packet, and the processing time of the external test equipment, the time of the overall communication, and the occupation of the system bandwidth are all obtained. Nicely improved.

Description

Functional Addressing Method for Unified Diagnostic Service of Automotive Ethernet

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of diagnostic communication of automobile Ethernet, in particular to a UDS (Unified Diagnostic Service) function addressing method based on automobile Ethernet.

Background technique

In the automotive Ethernet technology, the upper layer data (UDS) of diagnosis is carried on top of DoIP (Diagnostic Communication over Internet Protocol). Specifically, it is carried on the diagnostic data packet of the payload type 0x8001 in the DoIP protocol. In the current version of the DoIP protocol, it is clearly pointed out that the diagnostic packet of 0x8001 is carried on the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). That is to say, the diagnostic communication based on DoIP only has the capability of point-to-point communication.

The diagnostic communication actually supports two communication modes, namely physical addressing and functional addressing. Physical addressing is point-to-point communication, and functional addressing is one-to-many communication. In the current implementation scheme of automotive Ethernet diagnosis, if a functional addressing communication method is required, a data packet needs to be sent separately to each node that needs to communicate at the DoIP layer, that is, one-to-many communication is completed by multiple single-point communication. .

The traditional automotive communication bus is the CAN (Controller Area Network) bus. When the diagnostic communication is implemented on the CAN bus, when functional addressing is required, the external test equipment only needs to send a message once, and all the corresponding servers can receive the corresponding message. function-addressable messages.

In traditional Ethernet, there are mature solutions for one-to-many communication, namely IP-based broadcast and multicast. However, the current automotive Ethernet technology is still in the initial stage of development, and the process of combining the Ethernet technology with the original diagnostic communication requirements is very clumsy in the realization of functional addressing. Replacing one-to-many communication with multiple single-point communication increases the software processing complexity of the diagnostic communication initiator, and with the increase of function-addressed objects, the data packets that need to be sent for a single function-addressed communication also increase. With this increase, the processing time of the response and the bus bandwidth are wasted unnecessarily. The simple direct use of Ethernet multicast/broadcast to transmit function-addressed packets is not safe enough for automotive diagnostic services.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a UDS function addressing method based on automotive Ethernet, thereby effectively reducing the software processing complexity of the communication initiator, and improving the response processing time and the utilization rate of the bus bandwidth.

According to the above purpose, a functional addressing method for implementing a unified diagnostic service based on automotive Ethernet of the present invention is characterized in that, it includes the following steps:

Step S1, establishing a mapping table between functional group addresses and IP multicast addresses;

Step S2, completes the control of the access authority of the external test equipment by the server, and adds the server to the IP multicast group according to the mapping table;

Step S3, sending the diagnostic message of the function-addressed communication mode to the server in the IP multicast group, where the diagnostic message includes an IP multicast address;

Step S4, performing diagnostic processing according to the diagnostic message of the functional addressing mode;

Wherein, the server has a functional group address and an IP address, and the IP multicast address consists of an IP address.

Optionally, the step S2 includes:

Step S21, looking for the IP address of the server;

Step S22, establishing a TCP connection with the server device;

Step S23, sending a request message for routing activation, and the request message includes the logical address of the external test equipment;

Step S24, according to the logical address to determine whether the diagnostic communication can be carried out, if the diagnostic communication can be carried out, the current TCP connection is marked as active, and step S25 is executed; otherwise, step S26 is executed;

Step S25, according to the mapping table, find out the IP multicast address corresponding to the functional group address of the server, add the server to the IP multicast group, and mark the logical address as active;

Step S26, disconnect the current TCP connection, if there is no other connection between the external test device and the server at this time, the server exits the IP multicast group.

Optionally, in the step S3, according to the IP multicast address in the diagnostic message, the external test device sends the diagnostic message in the functionally addressed communication mode to the server in the IP multicast group, wherein the IP The data packets of the multicast address are encapsulated according to the user data packet protocol.

Optionally, the step S4 includes:

Step S41, detect whether the logical address of the external test equipment has been activated, if so, execute the next step; otherwise, send a failure response code to the external test equipment, and close the current TCP connection;

Step S42, judging whether the server supports the function group address corresponding to the IP multicast address in the diagnostic message, if so, execute the next step; otherwise, send a failure response code to the external test equipment and discard the diagnostic message;

In step S43, a successful response code is sent to the external testing device, and the diagnostic message is reported to the diagnostic processing module in the server to start the diagnostic processing.

According to the above-mentioned purpose, an external test device of the present invention is implemented to realize the functional addressing of the unified diagnosis service on the automotive Ethernet, and is characterized in that:

The external test equipment sends a request message for routing activation to the server, and after routing activation, the server is added to the IP multicast group according to the mapping table between the function group address and the IP multicast address, and the function-addressed communication mode is sent simultaneously when diagnosing communication. The diagnostic message is sent to the server in the IP multicast group for diagnostic processing;

Wherein, the server has a functional group address and an IP address, and the diagnostic message includes an IP multicast address.

Optionally, the request message includes logical address information of the external test device, which is used by the server to determine whether the external test device has the authority to perform diagnostic communication.

According to the above purpose, an in-vehicle network system of the present invention is implemented, which is used for realizing the functional addressing of a unified diagnosis service on the automotive Ethernet, including a gateway and a server, and the gateway is used for diagnosis communication based on an IP network, and is characterized in that:

The gateway is used to establish a TCP connection between the external test equipment and the server, and the mapping table between the function group address and the IP multicast address is built into its internal node related to the diagnostic function;

The server receives the request message for routing activation sent by the external test equipment and judges whether the external test equipment has the authority to perform diagnostic communication; when diagnosing communication, receives the diagnostic message in the functional addressing communication mode and performs diagnostic processing.

Optionally, the request message includes logical address information of the external test device, and the server determines whether the external test device has the authority to perform diagnostic communication according to the logical address information.

Optionally, the server includes a diagnosis processing module, which can perform diagnosis processing according to the diagnosis message.

Optionally, the communication connection mode between the external test equipment and the server includes wireless communication and wired communication;

The wireless communication includes, but is not limited to, Wifi, 4G, 5G, and Bluetooth.

The technical scheme of the present invention is adopted, aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, by adopting the function address and IP address mapping table, using the restricted authority access mechanism activated by TCP and routing, and the improved Ethernet multicast mechanism, the improved multicast is adopted. In this mode, the client only needs to process once and send a data packet when processing the function addressing transmission. The processing time of the external test equipment, the overall communication time, and the occupation of the system bandwidth are all well improved.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a flow chart of access control in functional addressing mode;

Figure 2 is: the structure diagram of the unicast diagnostic message in the functional addressing mode;

Figure 3 is: the structure diagram of the multicast diagnostic message in the functional addressing mode;

Fig. 4 is: the structural representation of IP data load;

Fig. 5 is: the structural representation of TCP data load;

Fig. 6 is: the structural representation of UDP header;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a unicast mode;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a multicast mode;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of receiving and processing a diagnostic message in the functional addressing mode.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific implementation steps of the UDS function addressing method based on automotive Ethernet in the present invention are:

First, a mapping table is established between functional addressing addresses and IP multicast addresses.

According to the DoIP protocol standard, the functional addressing address is defined as follows:

Table 1 Functional addressing group address definition

The IP protocol uses the IP addresses between 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 as IP multicast addresses, of which 224.0.2.0 to 238.255.255.255 are multicast addresses available to users.

In actual use, the function group address (functional addressing address) and the IP multicast address are firstly mapped one by one, and the mapping table is built into the relevant nodes of the automotive Ethernet diagnostic function.

In one embodiment, the function group address and IP multicast address mapping table may be as follows:

Function group address IP multicast address 0xE000 225.1.224.0 0xE000…0xE3FF 225.1.224.0…225.1.227.255 0xE400…0xEFFF 225.1.228.0…225.1.239.255

Table 2 Function group address and IP multicast mapping table

It should be noted that the mapping table is necessary for the addressing mode of the automotive Ethernet diagnostic service function to be carried in the IP multicast mode, but the content of the mapping table is not limited to the scope shown in Table 2 above.

Secondly, the limited access mechanism of TCP and routing activation is used to adapt the IP multicast, and the server in the functional addressing mode can control and manage the access rights of the external test equipment.

As shown in Figure 2, the main steps are as follows:

(a) The external test equipment initiates the DoIP device discovery process to find the device information of the server (ECU), such as IP address, etc.;

(b) The external test equipment actively initiates and successfully establishes a TCP connection to the server (ECU);

(c) The external test equipment initiates a routing activation request on the established TCP channel, and the request message contains the logical address information of the external test equipment;

(d) The server (ECU) judges whether the external test equipment has the authority to carry out subsequent diagnostic communication according to the logical address information of the external test equipment;

(e) If the server (ECU) judges that the external test equipment has the right to carry out subsequent diagnostic communication, it will mark the TCP connection of the current communication as valid; at the same time, according to the server (ECU) own function group address, find the function group address and IP multicast Mapping table, add the server (ECU) to the corresponding IP multicast group; the server (ECU) marks the logical address of the external test equipment as active, and binds the current TCP connection;

(f) If the server (ECU) determines that the external test equipment is not authorized to carry out subsequent diagnostic communication, the current TCP connection is disconnected. If there is no external test equipment connected to the server side (ECU) at this time, the server side (ECU) Exit the IP multicast group.

The logical address can be information such as an IP address of an external test device, an identification number (ID, Identity) or other marks, and can be pre-defined and set in a server (ECU).

The present invention adds the process of adapting multicast communication to the original DoIP route activation mechanism. In the case of successful activation, the server needs to look up the function group address mapping table (namely Table 2) after knowing the address of its own function group. to join the corresponding IP multicast group. In the case of activation failure, if it is confirmed that all clients have been disconnected, the server needs to exit the corresponding IP multicast group.

Thirdly, the external test equipment sends a diagnostic message in the functionally addressed communication mode to the server.

When the external test equipment needs to initiate diagnostic communication in functional addressing mode, it should query the built-in functional group address mapping table (ie, Table 2), and convert the destination functional group address in the diagnostic message into an IP multicast address.

In one embodiment, the port number used by the convention function addressing communication mode is 13401.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, after the IP multicast mode is adopted in the functional addressing mode, the data packet format remains the same as the original TCP mode above the DoIP layer. In order to be able to use the multicast mode, the transport layer is carried in the UDP The target IP address of the IP layer is an IP multicast address. The upper-level diagnostic processing logic remains unchanged, maximizing compatibility with the original processing mechanism.

The IP header (IP Header) is generally composed of 20 bytes. In special cases, there will be an optional (Option) field. After the IP header is the IP data payload (data). Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of IP data load, in which the destination address (Destination Address), when using TCP for one-to-one communication, fill in the IP address of the server (ECU); when using UDP multicast, query Function group address and IP multicast mapping table, fill in the multicast IP address corresponding to the server (ECU) function group address. For other IP header fields, the filling content is the same in the two communication methods.

The TCP header (TCP Header) field is generally composed of 20 bytes. In special cases, there will be an optional (Option) field. After the TCP header is the TCP data payload (data), as shown in Figure 5. The TCP data payload Schematic. In the existing protocol convention of DoIP, whether it is single-point one-to-one communication or one-to-many communication, TCP is used uniformly.

The UDP header (UDP Header) consists of fixed 8 bytes, and its structure is shown in Figure 6. Since the TCP protocol itself is designed for one-to-one communication, it does not support multicast; while UDP supports multicast. Therefore, when using multicast for one-to-many communication, it is necessary to use UDP to encapsulate data packets in the format of the UDP header.

After the IP layer external test equipment is changed from unicast to multicast, the client only needs to process it once and send a data packet when processing function addressing transmission. The target node sends a separate copy of the data. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, after the multicast mode is adopted, the processing time of the external test equipment, the overall communication time, and the occupation of the system bandwidth will be improved.

Finally, after receiving the functional addressing diagnostic message, the server performs diagnostic processing.

As shown in Figure 9, the processing mechanism after the server receives the functional addressing diagnostic message is as follows:

(a) The server (ECU) judges whether the logical address information of the external test equipment in the diagnostic message is registered. The registration process is shown in Figure 1. If there is no registration, the server (ECU) returns a failure response code to the external test device, and then closes the current TCP connection; if there is registration, go to the next step.

(b) The server (ECU) judges whether the functional group address in the diagnostic message is supported by itself. The functional address group to which the server belongs is preset, and a specific server only receives messages from the functional address group to which it belongs. If the function group address is unknown, the server (ECU) returns a failure response code to the external test equipment; if the function group address is known, go to the next step.

(c) The server side (ECU) returns a successful response code to the external test equipment, and sends the relevant data of the diagnosis to the corresponding diagnosis processing module for further processing.

The client logical address is first registered in the access authority authentication (route activation) process. Only the multicast packets in the functional addressing mode sent by the client that has access to the server will be received by the server.

The functional address group to which the server belongs is preset, and a specific server only receives the packets of the functional address group to which it belongs.

The abbreviations in the manual are mainly as follows:

Table 3 Abbreviations

The invention uses Ethernet IP layer/MAC layer multicast and broadcast mode to realize the function addressing mode of vehicle diagnosis communication. Specifically, the present invention adopts the function address and IP address mapping table, utilizes the restricted authority access mechanism activated by TCP and routing, and the improved Ethernet multicast mechanism, and adopts the multicast mode, which not only satisfies the safety requirements of the automobile diagnosis service, but also can Implementing the one-to-many communication mode of the automotive Ethernet function addressing mode, the processing time of external test equipment, the time of overall communication, and the occupation of system bandwidth are all well improved.

Claims (10)

1. A function addressing method of unified diagnosis service based on automobile Ethernet is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, establishing a mapping table between the function group address and the IP multicast address;

step S2, completing the control of the server to the access authority of the external test equipment, and adding the server into the IP multicast group according to the mapping table;

step S3, sending a diagnosis message of the function addressing communication mode to a server in the IP multicast group, wherein the diagnosis message comprises an IP multicast address;

step S4, according to the diagnosis message of the function addressing mode, the diagnosis process is carried out;

wherein the server has a functional group address and an IP address, and the IP multicast address includes an IP address.

2. The functional addressing method for unified diagnostic service based on automotive ethernet according to claim 1, wherein said step S2 comprises:

step S21, searching the IP address of the server;

step S22, establishing a TCP connection with the server apparatus;

step S23, sending a request message for route activation, wherein the request message contains a logic address of an external test device;

step S24, judging whether the diagnosis communication can be carried out according to the logic address, if the diagnosis communication can be carried out, marking the current TCP connection as activated, and executing step S25; otherwise, go to step S26;

step S25, according to the mapping table, finding out the IP multicast address corresponding to the function group address of the server, adding the server into the IP multicast group, and marking the logic address as activated;

and step S26, disconnecting the current TCP connection, and if the external test equipment and the server have no other connection at the moment, the server quits the IP multicast group.

3. The functional addressing method of the unified diagnosis service based on the automotive ethernet according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, according to the IP multicast address in the diagnosis message, the external testing device sends the diagnosis message of the functional addressing communication mode to the server in the IP multicast group, wherein the data packet of the IP multicast address is encapsulated according to the user data packet protocol.

4. The functional addressing method for unified diagnostic service based on automotive ethernet according to claim 2, wherein said step S4 comprises:

step S41, detecting whether the logic address of the external test equipment is activated, if yes, executing the next step; otherwise, sending a failure response code to the external test equipment, and closing the current TCP connection;

step S42, judging whether the server supports the function group address corresponding to the IP multicast address in the diagnosis message, if yes, executing the next step; otherwise, sending a failure response code to the external test equipment and discarding the diagnosis message;

and step S43, sending a success response code to the external test equipment, reporting the diagnosis message to a diagnosis processing module in the server, and starting diagnosis processing.

5. An external test device for functional addressing for implementing a unified diagnostic service over automotive Ethernet,

the external test equipment sends a request message of route activation to the server, the server is added into the IP multicast group according to a mapping table between the functional group address and the IP multicast address after the route activation, and a diagnosis message of a functional addressing communication mode is sent to the server in the IP multicast group for diagnosis processing during diagnosis communication;

the server has a function group address and an IP address, and the diagnosis message contains an IP multicast address.

6. An external test device according to claim 5,

the request message contains the logic address information of the external test equipment and is used for the server to judge whether the external test equipment has the authority to carry out diagnosis communication.

7. An in-vehicle network system for functional addressing for implementing a unified diagnostic service over automotive Ethernet, comprising a gateway for diagnostic communication over an IP network and a server,

the gateway is used for establishing TCP connection between external test equipment and a server, and a mapping table between a function group address and an IP multicast address is arranged in a node which is related to a diagnosis function in the gateway;

the server receives a request message of route activation sent by external test equipment and judges whether the external test equipment has the authority to carry out diagnosis communication; and receiving the diagnosis message of the function addressing communication mode during diagnosis communication and performing diagnosis processing.

8. The vehicle network system according to claim 7,

the request message contains the logic address information of the external test equipment, and the server judges whether the external test equipment has the authority to carry out diagnosis communication according to the logic address information.

9. The vehicle network system according to claim 7,

the server comprises a diagnosis processing module inside, and can perform diagnosis processing according to the diagnosis message.

10. The vehicle network system of claim 7, wherein the external test device is communicatively connected to the server by wireless communication or wired communication;

the wireless communication at least comprises one of Wifi, 4G, 5G and Bluetooth.

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