CN110311722B - Satellite transponder local oscillation frequency calibration test method - Google Patents
Satellite transponder local oscillation frequency calibration test method Download PDFInfo
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- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating and testing the local oscillation frequency of a satellite transponder, which comprises the following steps: step (1), rough estimation of frequency offset: (11) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a ZC sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder; (12) the earth station receiving equipment obtains a rough estimated value of the frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence; step (2), accurate estimation of frequency offset: (21) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a PN sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder; (22) the earth station receiving equipment obtains an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset according to the received PN sequence; and 3, taking the sum of the rough estimation value and the accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation as the final estimation value of the frequency deviation. The method can avoid interference on normal service operation of the satellite, can quickly and accurately measure the local oscillation frequency value, and can be widely applied to satellite communication anti-interference, frequency spectrum monitoring, local oscillation frequency calibration and other directions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a method for calibrating and testing the local oscillation frequency of a satellite transponder.
Background
With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, satellite broadcasting and satellite communication have been deeply introduced into various fields of social life. Due to the fact that the satellite on-orbit service time is long, and the working environment is poor and the like, the performance of a core component of the repeater, namely a crystal oscillator, is often influenced under complex working conditions, so that the forwarding frequency has a drifting phenomenon, a ground receiving station cannot correctly acquire the forwarding frequency, and the execution of a normal forwarding task is seriously influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to perform calibration tests on the operating status of the satellite and report on a faulty or problematic satellite to ensure that the satellite is operating in a normal state.
The existing satellite transponder local oscillation frequency measurement technology can measure the accuracy and stability of the satellite transponder local oscillation frequency, and the measurement method is that the earth station transmitting equipment forms a measurement loop through the satellite transponder and the earth station receiving equipment to measure the difference frequency of transmitting and receiving carrier waves.
By adopting the measuring method, each transponder is required to continuously measure for 24 hours to obtain the maximum deviation and the root mean square deviation of the local oscillator frequency of the transponder, and during the period, the satellite transponder cannot normally work and has a large influence on normal communication services; in addition, the digital frequency meter used for measuring the frequency has high requirements on the frequency stability, and the frequency stability needs to be at least one order of magnitude higher than the stability of the measured frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem that the satellite transponder cannot work normally during the measurement of the accuracy and the stability of the local oscillation frequency of the transponder, the calibration test method for the local oscillation frequency of the satellite transponder is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for calibrating and testing the local oscillation frequency of a satellite transponder comprises the following steps:
step (1), rough estimation of frequency offset:
(11) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a ZC sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder;
(12) the earth station receiving equipment obtains a rough estimated value of the frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence;
step (2), accurate estimation of frequency offset:
(21) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a PN sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder;
(22) the earth station receiving equipment obtains an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset according to the received PN sequence;
and 3, taking the sum of the rough estimation value and the accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation as the final estimation value of the frequency deviation.
Further, a method for generating a ZC sequence or a PN sequence by an earth station transmitting device, comprising the steps of:
(101) the test sequence generation module outputs a ZC sequence or a PN sequence modulated by BPSK;
(102) and transmitting the ZC sequence or the PN sequence through an antenna after sequentially passing through an interpolation filter, a forming filter, an up-conversion module and a DAC module.
Further, the method for the earth station receiving device to obtain the rough estimated value of the frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence in step (12) includes the steps of:
(121) the method comprises the steps that the earth station receiving equipment carries out ADC (analog to digital converter) sampling on a received ZC sequence to obtain a first test signal;
(122) sweeping the first test signal by using a first carrier NCO to obtain a second test signal;
(123) and carrying out correlation operation on the second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band and the local ZC sequence to obtain a rough estimation value of the frequency offset.
Further, the first carrier NCO is a frequency range of the satellite transponder forwarding signal set according to the transmission frequency band.
Further, in the step (122), the frequency sweeping of the first test signal by using the first carrier NCO to obtain the second test signal includes: and multiplying the first test signal by two paths of orthogonal signals generated by the first carrier NCO respectively and then superposing the two paths of orthogonal signals into a second test signal.
Further, the method for performing correlation operation on the second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band and the local ZC sequence to obtain the rough estimated value of the frequency offset in step (123) includes the following steps:
(1231) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a local ZC sequence and then performing conjugate operation;
(1232) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band;
(1233) performing inverse Fourier transform according to the results of the steps (1231) and (1232), and performing modulo operation
(1234) And (4) performing correlation operation according to the calculation result of the step (1233):
(1235) and (4) taking the sweep frequency corresponding to the maximum value obtained by the correlation operation in the step (1234) as a rough estimation value of the frequency offset.
Further, the method for the earth station receiving device to obtain an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset according to the received PN sequence in step (22) comprises the following steps:
(221) the earth station receiving equipment carries out ADC sampling on the received PN sequence to obtain a third test signal;
(222) sweeping the frequency of the third test signal by using a second carrier NCO to obtain a fourth test signal;
(223) removing frequency deviation of a fourth test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band to obtain a fifth test signal;
(224) and carrying out correlation operation on the fifth test signal and the local PN sequence to obtain an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset.
Further, the second carrier NCO is a frequency range set according to the rough estimation value of the frequency offset.
Further, the method for correlating the fifth test signal with the local PN sequence to obtain an accurate estimate of the frequency offset in step (224) includes the following steps:
(2241) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a local PN sequence and then carrying out conjugate operation;
(2242) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a fifth test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band;
(2243) performing inverse Fourier transform according to the results of the steps (2241) and (2242) and then performing modular operation;
(2244) performing correlation operation according to the calculation result of the step (2243);
(2245) and (4) taking the sweep frequency corresponding to the maximum value obtained by the correlation operation in the step (2244) as an accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts two measuring sequences of ZC sequence and PN sequence: the ZC sequence is used for rough estimation of frequency offset measurement to achieve the aim of quick search; the PN sequence is used for accurate estimation of frequency offset measurement, and the measurement accuracy is improved. Therefore, the calibration test method for the local oscillator frequency of the satellite transponder can avoid interference on normal service operation of a satellite, can quickly and accurately measure the local oscillator frequency value, and can be widely applied to satellite communication anti-interference, frequency spectrum monitoring, local oscillator frequency calibration and other directions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for testing the calibration of the local oscillation frequency of a satellite transponder according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a PN sequence generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the structure of the earth station transmitting apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a method for calibrating and testing the local oscillation frequency of a satellite transponder, which adopts a hardware architecture to still construct a measurement loop for earth station transmitting equipment, the satellite transponder and earth station receiving equipment.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The method for calibrating and testing the local oscillation frequency of the satellite transponder provided by the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
step (1), rough estimation of frequency offset:
(11) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a ZC sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder;
(12) the earth station receiving equipment obtains a rough estimated value of the frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence;
step (2), accurate estimation of frequency offset:
(21) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a PN sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder;
(22) the earth station receiving equipment obtains an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset according to the received PN sequence;
and 3, taking the sum of the rough estimation value and the accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation as the final estimation value of the frequency deviation.
The method for generating the ZC sequence or the PN sequence by the earth station transmitting equipment comprises the following steps:
(101) the test sequence generation module outputs a ZC sequence or a PN sequence modulated by BPSK;
a, selecting a ZC sequence with the length of 1024, wherein the expression is as follows:
pn sequence selects the commonly used m-sequences, one of which is a 10 th order m-sequence generator as shown in fig. 2, generating a polynomial: f (x) x10+x3+1. I.e. the contents of register 3 and register 10, are modulo-two added and used as a new input to register 1.
(102) After sequentially passing through the interpolation filter, the shaping filter, the up-conversion module and the DAC module, the ZC sequence or PN sequence is transmitted through an antenna, as shown in fig. 3.
Further, the method for the earth station receiving device to obtain the rough estimated value of the frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence in step (12) includes the steps of:
(121) the method comprises the steps that the earth station receiving equipment carries out ADC (analog to digital converter) sampling on a received ZC sequence to obtain a first test signal;
(122) sweeping the first test signal by using a first carrier NCO to obtain a second test signal;
the first carrier NCO is a frequency range of a transponder forwarding signal of the satellite, which is set according to a transmitting frequency band, and frequency sweep parameters are set, such as a frequency sweep range, a frequency sweep step length and a frequency sweep starting point: let the initial value of the first carrier NCO be f0With f0As a center, the first carrier NCO during each frequency sweep is: f. of0+Δ，f0+2Δ，f0+3Δ，…，f0+ k Δ, where Δ is the step size of each sweep and k is the number of sweeps. Then, in the step (122), the method for obtaining the second test signal by sweeping the frequency of the first test signal by using the first carrier NCO includes: multiplying the first test signal by two paths of orthogonal signals generated by a first carrier NCO respectively and then superposing the multiplied first test signal and the two paths of orthogonal signals into a second test signal; the two paths of orthogonal signals generated by the first carrier NCO are sine and cosine trigonometric function orthogonal signals respectively.
(123) The method for obtaining the rough estimation value of the frequency offset by carrying out correlation operation on a second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band and a local ZC sequence comprises the following steps:
(1231) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a local ZC sequence and then performing conjugate operation; the calculation formula used is as follows:
P*(k)＝conj{FFT[p(n),N]}，k＝1,2,…,N；
wherein, P*(k) Representing the result of conjugation, conj {. is the conjugation operation, FFT [ p (N), N]An N-point fast Fourier transform representing a local ZC sequence p (N);
(1232) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band; the calculation formula used is as follows:
S(k)＝FFT[s(n),N]，k＝1,2,…,N；
wherein FFT [ s (N), N ] represents the N-point fast Fourier transform of the second test signal s (N);
(1233) performing inverse Fourier transform according to the results of the steps (1231) and (1232), and then performing modular operation; the calculation formula used is as follows:
R(n)＝|IFFT[P*(k)×S(k)]|，n＝1,2,…,N；
wherein IFFT [ ] represents an inverse Fourier transform;
(1234) and (4) performing correlation operation according to the calculation result of the step (1233): performing correlation operation by adopting the following calculation formula:
wherein R' (n) is a correlation result, and the correlation result is a maximum value when the second test signal is phase-aligned with the local ZC sequence.
(1235) Taking the sweep frequency corresponding to the maximum value obtained by the correlation operation in the step (1234) as a rough estimation value of the frequency offset, and adopting a calculation formula as follows:
RZC(i)＝max(R′(n))，i＝1,2,…,k。
further, the method for the earth station receiving device to obtain an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset according to the received PN sequence in step (22) comprises the following steps:
(221) the earth station receiving equipment carries out ADC sampling on the received PN sequence to obtain a third test signal;
(222) sweeping the frequency of the third test signal by using a second carrier NCO to obtain a fourth test signal; and setting frequency sweep parameters such as frequency sweep range, frequency sweep step length and frequency sweep starting point for the second carrier NCO in the frequency band range set according to the rough estimation value of the frequency offset. Then, in the step (222), the method for obtaining the fourth test signal by sweeping the frequency of the third test signal by using the second carrier NCO is: multiplying the third test signal by two paths of orthogonal signals generated by a second carrier NCO respectively and then superposing the multiplied third test signals to form a fourth test signal; the two paths of orthogonal signals generated by the second carrier NCO are sine and cosine trigonometric function orthogonal signals respectively.
(223) Within the current frequency sweep frequency bandRemoving frequency deviation of the fourth test signal to obtain a fifth test signal; the calculation formula of the de-frequency offset is as follows:
wherein T (n) is the fourth test signal, T' (n) is the fifth test signal, fn is the sweep frequency, TsIs the sampling time.
(224) And (3) carrying out correlation operation on the fifth test signal and the local PN sequence to obtain an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset, wherein the calculation mode of the rough estimation value of the frequency offset obtained in the step (123) is the same as that of the rough estimation value of the frequency offset, and the method comprises the following steps:
(2241) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a local PN sequence and then carrying out conjugate operation;
(2242) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a fifth test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band;
(2243) performing inverse Fourier transform according to the results of the steps (2241) and (2242) and then performing modular operation;
(2244) performing correlation operation according to the calculation result of the step (2243);
(2245) and (4) taking the sweep frequency corresponding to the maximum value obtained by the correlation operation in the step (2244) as an accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation.
Further, the process of this embodiment may be repeated, and the maximum deviation and the root mean square deviation of the local oscillation frequency of the satellite transponder may be obtained by a statistical method.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for calibrating and testing the local oscillation frequency of a satellite transponder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), rough estimation of frequency offset:
(11) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a ZC sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder;
(12) the earth station receiving equipment obtains a rough estimated value of the frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence;
step (2), accurate estimation of frequency offset:
(21) the earth station transmitting equipment generates a PN sequence which is forwarded to earth station receiving equipment through a satellite transponder;
(22) the earth station receiving equipment obtains an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset according to the received PN sequence;
and 3, taking the sum of the rough estimation value and the accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation as the final estimation value of the frequency deviation.
2. The satellite transponder local oscillator frequency calibration test method according to claim 1, wherein the method for the earth station transmitter to generate ZC sequence or PN sequence comprises the steps of:
(101) the test sequence generation module outputs a ZC sequence or a PN sequence modulated by BPSK;
(102) and transmitting the ZC sequence or the PN sequence through an antenna after sequentially passing through an interpolation filter, a forming filter, an up-conversion module and a DAC module.
3. The method for local frequency calibration test of satellite transponder according to claim 1, wherein said step (12) of the earth station receiving equipment obtaining a rough estimation value of frequency offset according to the received ZC sequence comprises the steps of:
(121) the method comprises the steps that the earth station receiving equipment carries out ADC (analog to digital converter) sampling on a received ZC sequence to obtain a first test signal;
(122) sweeping the first test signal by using a first carrier NCO to obtain a second test signal;
(123) and carrying out correlation operation on the second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band and the local ZC sequence to obtain a rough estimation value of the frequency offset.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first carrier NCO is a frequency range of the satellite transponder retransmission signal set according to the transmission frequency band.
5. The method for testing local oscillator frequency calibration of a satellite transponder according to claim 3, wherein in the step (122), the first test signal is swept by the first carrier NCO, and the second test signal is obtained by: and multiplying the first test signal by two paths of orthogonal signals generated by the first carrier NCO respectively and then superposing the two paths of orthogonal signals into a second test signal.
6. The method for local frequency calibration test of satellite transponder according to claim 3, wherein said step (123) of correlating the second test signal within the current frequency sweep band with the local ZC sequence to obtain the rough estimated value of the frequency offset comprises the following steps:
(1231) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a local ZC sequence and then performing conjugate operation;
(1232) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a second test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band;
(1233) performing inverse Fourier transform according to the results of the steps (1231) and (1232), and performing modulo operation
(1234) And (4) performing correlation operation according to the calculation result of the step (1233):
(1235) and (4) taking the sweep frequency corresponding to the maximum value obtained by the correlation operation in the step (1234) as a rough estimation value of the frequency offset.
7. The satellite transponder local oscillator frequency calibration test method according to claim 1, wherein said step (22) of the earth station receiving device obtaining an accurate estimate of the frequency offset from the received PN sequence comprises the steps of:
(221) the earth station receiving equipment carries out ADC sampling on the received PN sequence to obtain a third test signal;
(222) sweeping the frequency of the third test signal by using a second carrier NCO to obtain a fourth test signal;
(223) removing frequency deviation of a fourth test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band to obtain a fifth test signal;
(224) and carrying out correlation operation on the fifth test signal and the local PN sequence to obtain an accurate estimation value of the frequency offset.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the second carrier NCO is a frequency band range set according to the rough estimation value of the frequency offset.
9. The method for testing local frequency calibration of satellite transponder according to claim 7, wherein said step (224) of correlating the fifth test signal with the local PN sequence to obtain an accurate estimate of the frequency offset comprises the steps of:
(2241) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a local PN sequence and then carrying out conjugate operation;
(2242) calculating N-point fast Fourier transform of a fifth test signal in the current frequency sweep frequency band;
(2243) performing inverse Fourier transform according to the results of the steps (2241) and (2242) and then performing modular operation;
(2244) performing correlation operation according to the calculation result of the step (2243);
(2245) and (4) taking the sweep frequency corresponding to the maximum value obtained by the correlation operation in the step (2244) as an accurate estimation value of the frequency deviation.
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