CN110311176A - Battery security evaluating apparatus, battery security evaluation method, program, control circuit and accumulating system - Google Patents

Battery security evaluating apparatus, battery security evaluation method, program, control circuit and accumulating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110311176A
CN110311176A CN201810973704.5A CN201810973704A CN110311176A CN 110311176 A CN110311176 A CN 110311176A CN 201810973704 A CN201810973704 A CN 201810973704A CN 110311176 A CN110311176 A CN 110311176A
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Prior art keywords
battery
data
safety
current
soc
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Inventor
藤田有美
森田朋和
杉山畅克
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of battery security evaluating apparatus, battery security evaluation method, program, control circuit and accumulating system.Embodiments of the present invention are related to battery security evaluating apparatus, battery security evaluation method, program, control circuit and accumulating system.One embodiment of the present invention can be coped with respectively by showing the current safety of rechargeable battery according to current safety.The battery security evaluating apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention has battery status presumption unit, calorific value presumption unit, safety index calculation part, and the safety current to the first battery is evaluated.Battery status presumption unit estimates the current SOC of the first battery current deterioration state and the first battery.Calorific value presumption unit is based on the first reference data, the calorific value of the first battery when estimating external temperature variations.First referring to data is the SOC current based on the current deterioration state of the first battery and the first battery, from the multiple referring to the reference data corresponding with the first battery selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery.Calorific value of the safety index calculation part based on the first battery calculates safety index relevant to the temperature of the first battery when external temperature variations.

Description

Battery security evaluating apparatus, battery security evaluation method, program, control circuit And accumulating system
The application enjoys this application based on Japanese patent application 2018-053299 (applying date: on March 20th, 2018) Priority.The application refers to above-mentioned Japanese patent application, includes all the elements of the Japanese patent application.
Technical field
Embodiments of the present invention are related to battery security evaluating apparatus, battery security evaluation method, program, control electricity Road and accumulating system.
Background technique
The presence of the non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries such as known lithium ion battery can cause the risk for the accidents such as smolder, catch fire, The accident that lithium ion battery catches fire in cabin has also had been reported that.Therefore, limitation has been made to non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries It is carried along into the such limitation of cabin.However, notebook PC, smart phone etc. utilize mostly be nonaqueous electrolyte charging electricity Pond, therefore, it is difficult to fully limit the use of non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries.In addition, limitation carries the convenience that can also damage user Property.
If can confirm the safety of non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries in real time, it will be able to being judged as safe fill Battery takes the counter-measure relaxed the restriction.However, it will be appreciated that the current state of non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries is not easy to, It there is no effective technological means at present.
Solve the technical solution of technical problem
The battery security evaluating apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention has battery status presumption unit, calorific value presumption Portion, safety index calculation part, the safety current to the first battery are evaluated.Battery status presumption unit estimates the first battery and works as The current SOC of preceding deterioration state and the first battery.Calorific value presumption unit is based on first referring to data, estimates external temperature variations When the first battery calorific value.First referring to data is current based on the current deterioration state of the first battery and the first battery SOC, from the multiple referring to selecting in data and first of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery Battery is corresponding referring to data.Calorific value of the safety index calculation part based on the first battery, the when calculating with external temperature variations The relevant safety index of the temperature of one battery.
Invention effect
It, can be by by showing the current safety of rechargeable battery according to the battery security evaluating apparatus of above structure It is coped with respectively according to current safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is an example for indicating the brief configuration for the accumulating system for having battery security evaluating apparatus of embodiment 1 Block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the figure for illustrating the relationship of SOC and safety.
Fig. 3 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the letter flow chart to be processed of battery security evaluating apparatus.
Fig. 4 is an exemplary diagram of the flow chart for the calculation processing for indicating internal state parameter.
Fig. 5 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the flow chart of battery behavior calculation processing process.
Fig. 6 is the figure of an example of the curve graph (charge volume-OCV curve) for the relationship for indicating charge volume and open-circuit voltage.
Fig. 7 is the figure of an example of the curve graph (SOC-OCV curve) for the relationship for indicating SOC and open-circuit voltage.
Fig. 8 is the figure for indicating an example of thermal stability data.
Fig. 9 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the flow chart of battery security evaluation processing.
Figure 10 is to illustrate that the figure of the safety of the battery of front and back is implemented in battery security adjustment processing.
Figure 11 is the block diagram for indicating an example of the brief configuration of accumulating system of embodiment 2.
Figure 12 is the figure for indicating the variation of SOC- stability data.
Figure 13 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the flow chart of battery security adjustment processing.
Figure 14 is the block diagram for indicating an example of the brief configuration of accumulating system of embodiment 3.
Figure 15 is to indicate that thermal stability data obtains an exemplary diagram of the flow chart of processing.
Figure 16 is the block diagram for indicating an example of the hardware configuration in an embodiment of the present invention.
Label declaration
1 battery
2 battery security evaluating apparatus
21 charge/discharge control units
22 measurement portions
23 battery status presumption units
231 deterioration state presumption units
232 SOC presumption units
Data store is used in 233 presumptions
24 battery security evaluation sections
241 thermal stability data storage units
242 thermal stability data acquisition units (referring to data acquiring section)
243 calorific value presumption units
244 safety index calculation parts (battery reaches temperature estimating department)
245 safety evaluatio portions
25 output sections
26 input units
27 electric discharge instruction units
271 SOC- safety data generating units
272 discharge capacity calculation parts
3 external data bases
4 thermal stability datas provide server
5 communication networks
6 computer installations
61 processors
62 main storage means
63 auxilary units
64 network interfaces
65 equipment interfaces
66 buses
7 exterior storage mediums
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, being illustrated referring to attached drawing to embodiment.
(embodiment 1)
Fig. 1 is the frame for indicating an example of the brief configuration for the accumulating system for having battery security evaluating apparatus of embodiment 1 Figure.This accumulating system has battery 1 and battery security evaluating apparatus 2.It is automatically controlled that battery security evaluating apparatus 2 has charge and discharge Portion 21 processed, measurement portion 22, battery status presumption unit 23, battery security evaluation section 24, output section 25.Battery status presumption unit 23 Have deterioration state presumption unit 231, SOC presumption unit 232, presumption data store 233.Battery security evaluation section 24 has Thermal stability data storage unit 241, thermal stability data acquisition unit (referring to data acquiring section) 242, calorific value presumption unit 243, Safety index calculation part (battery reaches temperature estimating department) 244, safety evaluatio portion 245.
Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 can also be realized by CPU, control circuit etc., by being disposed at battery 1 On, to make battery security evaluating apparatus 2 as a battery 1 to realize.Alternatively, battery 1 can also used Installation procedure in equipment, so that the equipment be realized as battery security evaluating apparatus 2.
Battery 1 (the first battery) is the charging that the object of safety evaluatio is carried out as battery security evaluating apparatus 2 Battery.The safety evaluatio refer to battery 1 exposure in the event of high temperatures its whether safety.Battery 1 is assumed to be lithium ion The battery pack etc. that the non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries such as rechargeable battery, the non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries are constituted.But battery 1 These batteries are not limited to, as long as capableing of the rechargeable battery of charge and discharge.
Charge and discharge can be either meaning charging and discharging, can also mean both sides.In the following description, do not have In the case where specializing, " battery " this word includes battery pack, battery module, element cell.
Battery 1 be, for example, mobile phone, laptop, battery truck, electric car, using the mixed of electricity and gasoline both sides The batteries mounted such as the equipment for closing power vehicle, unmanned plane etc.In addition, be for example also possible to setting private residence, Fixation battery on the buildings such as building, factory.What the battery or power grid for being also possible to link with electricity generation system coupled Battery.
Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 evaluates the current safety of battery 1.Firstly, battery security evaluating apparatus 2 pushes away Determine the current state of battery 1.Then, it is assumed that at high temperature by the exposure of battery 1 in estimated current state, then Estimate the internal temperature etc. of battery 1.Then, the internal temperature estimated etc. based on battery 1, calculating indicates battery 1 Safety index.To which index or the evaluation based on the index represent the current safety of battery 1.
" current " refers at the time of be just measured portion 22 for measurement data needed for carrying out safety evaluatio and generate.
Exposure at high temperature the case where refer not only to the situation heated from outside, also include electronic circuit, in battery pack Other element cells etc. the situation of abnormal heating, kindling etc. has occurred.
The battery 1 " current state " that battery security evaluating apparatus 2 estimates indicates current deterioration state and current SOC (State of Charge: charged state).Known charge battery can be easy abnormal heating with deterioration.Therefore, it needs Estimate the deterioration state of battery 1.Battery 1 being deteriorated using the time with battery 1.Therefore, by grinding Study carefully the parameter relevant to battery 1 increased or decreased using the time with battery 1, can recognize battery 1 Deterioration.For example, the meeting such as the capacity (quality) of the initial charge amount of positive or negative pole, positive or negative pole, battery capacity, open-circuit voltage It is increased or decreased with the use of battery 1, therefore the parameter for indicating deterioration state can be become.Deterioration shape is indicated as a result, The parameter of state has several.It as deterioration state, can be preset, can also arbitrarily be selected using which parameter.
In addition, the SOC of battery 1 is higher usually under identical deterioration state, the danger level of kindling is higher.That is, bad In the case where identical 2 batteries 1 of change state, the danger level that the higher battery 1 of current SOC catches fire is higher.
Fig. 2 is the figure for illustrating the relationship of SOC and safety.Horizontal axis indicates SOC.The longitudinal axis indicates fever danger level, fever danger Dangerous degree is bigger, it is meant that the risk of fever is higher.In addition, the correlation curve of original battery 1 is represented by dashed line, make With and the correlation curve of battery 1 that is deteriorated it is indicated by the solid line.As shown in Fig. 2, using and the electric power storage that is deteriorated The fever danger level in pond 1 is higher.Therefore, degradation is bigger, and the evaluation of the safety of battery 1 should be lower.In addition, as schemed Shown in 2, SOC is bigger, and fever danger level is higher.Therefore, in the biggish situation of current SOC, the evaluation of safety should be lower.
Therefore, battery security evaluating apparatus 2 not only considers the current deterioration state of battery 1, it is also contemplated that current SOC To evaluate safety.To which the evaluation can more accurately show the current safety of battery 1.Therefore, which comments Can valence can allow to carry or use battery 1 for judging in the environment of requiring safety.Battery security evaluation dress The details for setting 2 presumption current states is described further below.
Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 carries out the presumption hypothesis of internal temperature etc. with thermal stability data.About heat Stability data is described further below.In addition, being also described further below to the processing after the presumption of internal temperature etc..
System structure described above is an example, however it is not limited to above structure.As long as example, can by communication or Electric signal obtains the required information of processing from battery security evaluating apparatus 2, and processing result is transferred to battery security and is commented A part of constituent element of valence device 2, battery security evaluating apparatus 2 can also exist on battery security evaluating apparatus 2 It is external.Alternatively, battery security evaluating apparatus 2 can also be divided into the battery control device for having charge/discharge control unit 21, have The battery status estimating device of battery status presumption unit 23, the battery security evaluating apparatus for having battery security evaluation section 24 2.Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 is both battery control device and condition estimating device conversely speaking,.
Next, the substantially process flow to battery security evaluating apparatus is illustrated.Fig. 3 is to indicate battery security One exemplary diagram of the letter flow chart to be processed of evaluating apparatus.This flow chart is wherein an example, as long as can obtain required Processing result, sequence of processing etc. are simultaneously not limited.In addition, the processing result respectively handled can also successively be stored in presumption data The storage units such as storage unit 233, each component obtain processing result referring to the storage unit.Flow chart later is same.
Charge/discharge control unit 21 controls the charging (or electric discharge) (S101) of battery 1 under prescribed conditions.Measurement portion 22 is logical It crosses measurement, obtains charging (electric discharge) data (being charge data when charging, be discharge data when electric discharge) (S102).It charges (electric discharge) Data are the data such as electric current, voltage that when charging or measurement obtains when electric discharge, and it includes in measurement data.
Battery status presumption unit 23 charged according to obtained from the control that charge/discharge control unit 21 has just carried out (electric discharge) number According to presumption battery 1 current deterioration state and current SOC (S103).Battery security evaluation section 24 is based on thermal stability Data, the deterioration state and SOC current from battery 1 calculate the index (S104) for determining safety.By the digit synbol For safety index.Then, battery security evaluation section 24 is based on safety index, evaluates safety (S105).The evaluation is denoted as Safety evaluatio.Output section 25 it is equal with user it will be appreciated that method output safety index or safety evaluatio (S106).It can also For example in the upper display safety index such as display or safety evaluatio.In such manner, it is possible to recognize the safety of battery 1.
SOC or even can be changed with the use of battery 1 with being divided into unit, but deterioration state is compared with SOC, and It will not change in a short time.Therefore, in S103, within the stipulated time after upper primary deterioration state presumption, without pushing away Determine the current deterioration state of battery 1, last presumed value can be used.For example, it is assumed that in moment t0Safety is carried out to comment Valence deduces the current deterioration state of battery 1 and the current SOC of battery 1.In this case, in moment t0After five minutes At the time of t0+ 5 again carry out safety evaluatio when, moment t can be used in the current deterioration state of battery 10When value, electric power storage The current SOC in pond 1 is then based on moment t0The measurement data that measures when+5 calculates.In this case " current " refers to just The measurement moment of rigid measurement data, that is, moment t0+5。
Safety index and safety evaluatio can also be identical.That is, can also be without safety evaluatio, and output safety refers to Mark.For example, in the case where safety index is numerical value, as long as user etc. can judge safety by the numerical value, so that it may no Carry out the processing (S105) of safety evaluatio, 25 output safety index of output section.
Next, being said to the details of constituent element and its processing that battery security evaluating apparatus 2 has It is bright.
Charge/discharge control unit 21 issues the instruction of charge and discharge to battery 1.Charge and discharge are current in order to measure battery 1 State and carry out, it is therefore assumed that it is periodically carried out at proper intervals relative to battery life.Alternatively, can also pacify in battery Full property evaluating apparatus 2 receives the instruction from user, other systems etc. via input unit (not shown) in present embodiment In the case of carry out.Alternatively, it is also possible to receive instruction from other constituent elements such as battery status presumption units 23, based on the instruction come Control carries out charge and discharge.In addition, charge and discharge are for example carried out with the general method such as constant-current constant-voltage charging.
The relevant information of the measurement battery 1 of measurement portion 22.The information of measurement has the positive terminal and negative pole end of element cell Electric current, temperature of element cell for being flowed through in voltage, element cell between son etc..Measurement portion 22 measures obtained battery 1 The data of voltage, electric current, temperature etc. be included in measurement data.The charge or discharge of battery 1 may not also be sometimes It is carried out under the control of charge/discharge control unit 21.For example, the equipment of carrying battery 1 is when in use, battery 1 discharges, but Measurement data can be also generated at this time.(electric discharge) data that charge are included in measurement data.
The deterioration state presumption unit 231 of battery status presumption unit 23 estimates the current deterioration state of battery 1.This embodiment party In formula, illustrate using charging and discharging curve analysis come the case where estimating deterioration state.
It is preferable to use charging and discharging curve analyses for presumption of the battery security evaluating apparatus 2 to the deterioration state of battery 1.Example Such as, consider to use the equipment of battery 1 as battery security evaluating apparatus 2 come the case where realization.In this case, it uses When charging and discharging curve analytical technology, without removing the battery, the deterioration shape of the battery in being used can be accurately grasped State.That is, being installed on analyzer again without removing battery 1 from equipment.Therefore, the work that safety evaluatio is spent can be reduced Husband.Therefore, the parameter for indicating deterioration state is preferably the parameter that can be calculated by charging and discharging curve analysis meter.
But this does not represent the method that cannot be used other than charging and discharging curve analysis.Also it can be used and flow through test use Electric current stops method, Based on AC Impedance Measurements etc. to measure the electric current of the charge-discharge test of battery capacity, main measurement internal resistance value Electrochemical gaging etc..Also their combination can be used to be measured.
Charging and discharging curve analysis is to calculate the internal state parameter and battery of each unit battery based on charging (electric discharge) data Characteristic (cell characteristics).Specifically, internal state parameter is estimated based on charging (electric discharge) data.Battery Characteristic is estimated based on the internal state parameter estimated.As it was noted above, the pre-determined parameter for being used as deterioration state, leads to Charging and discharging curve analysis is crossed to find out the parameter.
The state of internal state parameter expression element cell.Assuming that including positive electrode capacity (positive matter in internal state parameter Amount), capacity of negative plates (cathode quality), SOC deviation, internal resistance.SOC deviation refers to the first of positive initial charge amount and cathode The difference of beginning charge volume.
Battery behavior can be calculated from internal state parameter, indicate the characteristic of voltage of battery 1 etc..Battery behavior In comprising battery capacity, open-circuit voltage (OCV:Open Circuit Voltage), OCV curve etc..Internal resistance is also contained in In battery behavior.OCV curve is the curve (function) for indicating the relationship of the relevant any index of battery 1 and open-circuit voltage.Electricity Tankage is the range of the positive electrode capacity range Chong Die with the range of capacity of negative plates.
Required calculating formula, parameter etc. are stored in advance in presumption data store 233 about charging and discharging curve point.Example Such as, it is stored with the function etc. of the relationship of the charge volume and current potential that indicate the positive or negative pole of element cell.
Deterioration state presumption unit 241 is calculated separately out based on data such as the voltages, electric current and temperature for including in measurement data Amount, the initial charge amount, element cell of the active material of the positive or negative pole of Component units battery as internal state parameter Internal resistance.What the calculating utilized is amount based on active material and internal resistance come the function of calculating accumulator voltage.It is first First, using the function, current data and voltage data when based on 1 charge and discharge of battery, the voltage of calculating accumulator 1.Then, It is calculated by returning, finds out the amount for the active material that the voltage for making calculated battery 1 and the difference in voltage being measured to reduce And internal resistance.Anode can be made of various active substance, but in present embodiment, with anode, cathode respectively by a kind of work Property substance constitute rechargeable battery for be illustrated.
When being charged respectively by a kind of rechargeable battery that active material is constituted to anode, cathode, the voltage of moment t (terminal voltage) VtIt can be represented by the following formula.
[mathematical expression 1]
ItIndicate the current value of moment t, qtIndicate the charge volume of the rechargeable battery of moment t.fcIt is the charge volume and electricity for indicating anode The function of the relationship of position, faIt is the function for indicating the relationship of charge volume and current potential of cathode.qo cIndicate the initial charge amount of anode, McIndicate the quality of anode.qo aIndicate the initial charge amount of cathode, MaIndicate the quality of cathode.R is internal resistance.
Current value ItUsing including current value in measurement data.Charge volume qtBy to current value ItCarry out time product Divide and is calculated.Function fcWith function faIt is recorded in presumption data store 233 as function information.
The initial charge amount q of other anodeso c, anode mass Mc, cathode initial charge amount qo a, cathode quality Ma, this 5 values (parameter set) of internal resistance R by return calculation obtain.The amount of the active material of each pole can also be regarded as It is calculated for the regulated proportion of the quality of each pole.
Fig. 4 is an exemplary diagram of the flow chart for the calculation processing for indicating internal state parameter.Deterioration state presumption unit 231 It is initialized, initial value is set in above-mentioned parameter set, and be set as 0 (S201) for the number of repetition calculated is returned.Just Calculated value when last progress active matter quality calculation processing can be used for example in initial value, and the value being contemplated that also can be used Deng.
The residual error E (S202) that 231 calculating of deterioration state presumption unit is indicated with following formula.
[mathematical expression 2]
Vbat_tIndicate the terminal voltage of moment t, tendIndicate charging finishing time.
The update stride (S203) of 231 calculating parameter collection of deterioration state presumption unit.The update stride of parameter set for example can be with Use the meters such as Gauss-Newton method (gauss-newton method), Levenberg-marquardt method (column text Burger Ma Kuaertefa) It calculates.
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 determines whether the size for updating stride is less than preset size (S204).It updates The size of stride is less than in the case where preset size (S204- is no), and deterioration state presumption unit 231 determines to calculate convergence, Export current parameter set (S207).In the case where updating the size of stride and being preset threshold value or more (S204- is), Confirmation returns whether the number of repetition calculated has been more than preset value (S205).
In the case where returning the number of repetition calculated and being more than preset value (S205- is), current ginseng is exported Manifold (S207).In the case where returning the number of repetition calculated and being preset number situation below (S205- is no), by parameter set It is added with update stride calculated in S203, and the number of repetition for returning calculating is made to add 1 (S206).Then, it again returns to residual The calculating (S202) of difference.It is the flow chart for indicating the calculation processing process of internal state parameter above.
In the case that battery behavior is used as the parameter of deterioration state, further calculated according to internal state parameter Battery behavior.For example, illustrating the case where calculating the open-circuit voltage as the battery behavior of battery 1.Deterioration state presumption unit 231 Utilize the initial charge amount q of calculated anodeo c, anode mass Mc, cathode initial charge amount qo a, cathode mass Ma, Calculate the charge volume of battery 1 and the relationship of open-circuit voltage.
Fig. 5 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the flow chart of battery behavior calculation processing process.The flow chart is in calculating Start after portion's state parameter.In the flow chart, it was found that make charge volume qnIncrease and decrease certain value △ qn, open-circuit voltage is just from low Become the charge volume q of lower limit value or more in lower limit valuen0, on this basis, by qn0It is set as initial value, is more than upper in open-circuit voltage Before limit value, make qnGradually increase △ qn, when increasing every time, record charge volume and open-circuit voltage at this time.Thus, it is possible to calculate The relationship of charge volume and open-circuit voltage of the open-circuit voltage in the range of lower limit value is to upper limit value out.Charge volume qn0With open-circuit voltage Charge volume q when for upper limit valuenDifference be battery capacity.
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 sets charge volume qnInitial value (S301).qnInitial value can be 0 or storage smaller than 0 The value of the number % of the nominal capacity of battery 1 or so.Specifically, if the nominal capacity of battery 1 is 1000mAh, by qn's Initial value is set in the range of -50mAh~0mAh or so.
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 calculates open-circuit voltage (S302).Following formula can be used in the calculating of open-circuit voltage.
[mathematical expression 3]
Then, calculated open-circuit voltage is compared by deterioration state presumption unit 231 with preset lower voltage limit (S303).Lower voltage limit is the value that the combination of the positive active material used in battery 1 and negative electrode active material determines.Tool For body, for positive active material, negative electrode active material, respectively from the viewpoints such as safety, service life, resistance, setting The voltage of use scope respectively suitable under each viewpoint, determined by their combination the use scope of battery lower limit and Upper limit voltage.
In the case that open-circuit voltage is not below preset lower voltage limit (S303- is no), from charge volume qnSubtract Δ qn (S304), open-circuit voltage (S302) is calculated again.(the S303- in the case where open-circuit voltage is lower than preset lower voltage limit It is), deterioration state presumption unit 231 makes charge volume qnIn addition Δ qn(S305).To charge volume qnClose to lower limit value.ΔqnIt can be with It is set as arbitrarily being worth.Such as, it may be considered that 1/1000~1/100 or so of the nominal capacity of battery 1.Specifically, if The nominal capacity of battery 1 is 1000mAh, then considers Δ qnIt is set in the range of 1mAh to 10mAh or so.
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 uses the charge volume q obtained after additionn+Δqn, calculate open-circuit voltage (S306).So Afterwards, calculated open-circuit voltage is compared (S307) with previously described lower voltage limit by deterioration state presumption unit 231.Open circuit Voltage is lower than in the case where lower voltage limit (S307- is no), S305 is returned to, again to charge volume qnIn addition Δ qn(S305).It is opening a way Voltage is in the case where lower voltage limit or more (S307- is), since open-circuit voltage is from reaching lower limit value or more lower than lower limit value, because This is by charge volume q at this timenIt is denoted as qn0, and by charge volume qn0With open-circuit voltage EnRecord (S308) together.This can also be filled Electricity is to qn0Value indicated as a reference value with 0.In this case, it when being recorded later, records from charge volume qnValue Subtract qn0Value after obtained value.
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 is by charge volume qnIn addition Δ qn(S309), calculate open-circuit voltage (S310), and record from Charge volume qnSubtract qn0The value obtained afterwards and calculated open-circuit voltage En(S311)。
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 carries out the upper limit voltage of calculated open-circuit voltage and preset battery 1 Compare (S312).The upper limit voltage of battery 1 is the combination institute of positive active material used in battery 1 and negative electrode active material The value of decision.In the case where open-circuit voltage is lower than preset upper limit voltage (S312- is no), again return to charge volume qn In addition Δ qnProcessing (S309).In the case where open-circuit voltage is preset upper limit voltage or more (S312- is), terminate Processing.Above is the flow chart for indicating the process of battery behavior calculation processing.
Fig. 6 is the figure of an example of the curve (charge volume-OCV curve) for the relationship for indicating charge volume and open-circuit voltage.Fig. 6 It (A) is by the charge volume-OCV curve under the calculated current state of deterioration state presumption unit 231.Fig. 6 (B) is by Fig. 6 (A) institute The longitudinal axis for the curve graph shown is located at the figure in the range of lower voltage limit to upper limit voltage.
Deterioration state presumption unit 231 can also calculate other battery behaviors.For example, it is also possible to use calculated open circuit Voltage etc., voltage, power or the electric energy of calculating accumulator 1.Calculation method uses calculating formula etc. as shown below.It is below C in calculating formula indicates defined constant.
(voltage)
Voltage=open-circuit voltage-c × internal resistance × electric current
(power)
Power=electric current × open-circuit voltage-c × internal resistance × (electric current)2
(electric energy)
Electric energy=battery capacity × average voltage
Internal resistance can be used as the calculated presumed value of internal state parameter, but since internal resistance can be with temperature The variation such as degree, therefore internal resistance can also be corrected according to current temperature.In addition, deterioration state presumption unit 231 can also be with Using revised presumed value, once calculated battery behavior is recalculated.Thereby, it is possible to improve the essence of deterioration state presumption Degree.
The amendment of internal resistance uses known method shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2017-166874 bulletin etc.. For example, internal resistance is divided into this 3 ingredients of reaction resistance Rct, diffusion resistance Rd, Ohmic resistance Rohm, respectively according to solid Some temperature dependencies are summed after being corrected, it is possible thereby to calculate internal resistance corresponding with current temperature.
SOC presumption unit 232 estimates the current SOC of battery 1.Deterioration state presumption unit 231 also can be used in the presumption of SOC Calculated internal state parameter and battery behavior.For example, charge volume-the OCV deduced by deterioration state presumption unit 231 is bent Line is transformed to SOC-OCV curve, can calculate current SOC.Transformation from charge volume to SOC can be used according to charging The calculated battery capacity of amount-OCV curve and charge volume carry out.Alternatively, it is also possible to replace deterioration shape by SOC presumption unit 232 State presumption unit 231 according to internal state parameter calculates charge volume-OCV curve.
Fig. 7 is the figure of an example of the curve graph (SOC-OCV curve) for the relationship for indicating SOC and open-circuit voltage.Different from figure 6, horizontal axis not instead of charge volume, SOC.Curve graph shown in Fig. 6 (B) is transformed into the curve obtained after SOC-OCV curve by Fig. 7 Scheme (solid line) display Chong Die with SOC-OCV curve (dotted line) of the battery of original state.What the dotted line of Fig. 7 indicated is initial shape The open-circuit voltage of the battery of state, what solid line indicated is the open circuit electricity of the battery of (current) after changing because of battery deterioration etc. Pressure.SOC indicates the ratio of the quantity of electric charge that currently charges relative to full charge capacity, with the value between 0~1 or 0~100% come It indicates.
In curve after variation, length of a curve shortens with the reduction of capacity, but as can be seen from FIG. 7, not only curve Length changes, and the shape of itself is also changed.For example, being measured in the case where based on open-circuit voltage presumption SOC When the open-circuit voltage arrived is A, normal charged state (current charged state) is B1.However, in the song for thinking open-circuit voltage In the case that line does not deform, i.e., when finding out open-circuit voltage according to the SOC-OCV curve of original state, the charged state of voltage A Can be found out is B2, and the presumption precision of charged state reduces.Therefore, by using the SOC-OCV curve of current state rather than There is no the SOC-OCV curves of the original state of deterioration, and current SOC can be accurately calculated.That is, using current shape SOC-OCV curve under state is bent compared to defined SOC-OCV come the battery security evaluating apparatus 2 for estimating current SOC Line estimates other devices of SOC, can more accurately calculate current SOC.
Here, the case where anode of rechargeable battery, cathode are made of a kind of active material respectively is illustrated, but also the same suitable Rechargeable battery for being made of either or both of in the anode and cathode of rechargeable battery various active substance.
Moment t is used in the current deterioration state of battery 10When value, the current SOC of battery 1 use moment t0When+5 Value in the case where, according to moment t0~moment t0Measurement data between+5, to correct according to moment t0When SOC-OCV it is bent The value for the SOC that line computation goes out.For example, calculating moment t according to the measurement data0~moment t0+ 5 discharge capacity, and update storage The charge volume of battery 1 calculates SOC.The measurement data just obtained as a result, is not that charging (electric discharge) data also may be used.
The state for the current battery 1 that battery security evaluation section 24 is deduced according to battery status presumption unit 23, pushes away If determining the calorific value of 1 adstante febre of battery.Then, the temperature of the battery 1 generated with the calorific value is further estimated. Then, the temperature based on the battery 1 deduced evaluates the safety of battery 1.Details will be evaluated with battery security The constituent element in portion 24 is illustrated together.
Illustrate the constituent element of battery security evaluation section 24.Thermal stability data storage unit 241 stores calculating accumulator 1 Safety when required thermal stability data.Also the data other than thermal stability data be can store.For example, it is also possible to store Leading when safety index calculation part 244 carries out the specific heat of battery 1 used in relevant treatment, 1 external environment heat release of battery Hot coefficient etc..It in addition to this, can be to manage used restriction condition etc. everywhere in storage battery safety evaluatio portion 24.Example Such as, the range for the SOC being required as the use condition of battery 1 also can store in thermal stability data storage unit 241 In.Also calculated safety index etc. has been can store.
Thermal stability data is the relevant data of fever of the rechargeable battery in the case that rechargeable battery exposes at high temperature. Thermal stability data at least indicates the calorific value of rechargeable battery and the relationship of external temperature.For example, thermal stability data can be Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC:Diffrencial scanningcalorimetry) measures obtained DSC curve.External temperature The temperature for referring to the external environment of rechargeable battery can be the temperature of adjacent cell, be also possible to the temperature of peripheral space.
Thermal stability data in thermal stability data storage unit 241 is stored in there are multiple, according to the bad of rechargeable battery Change state classifies to it.Thus, it is possible to select thermal stability data corresponding with the deterioration state of battery 1.In other words, It can choose and assume deterioration state thermal stability data relevant to the identical rechargeable battery of battery 1.For example, in battery 1 Not yet in use, selecting not used charging electricity from the thermal stability data being stored in thermal stability data storage unit 241 The relevant thermal stability data in pond.Alternatively, indicating that the parameter of the deterioration state of capacity (quality) of positive or negative pole etc. is included in When in prescribed limit, selection falls the relevant thermal stability data of rechargeable battery in the range.
Also the feature other than the value for the parameter for indicating deterioration state can be used, keep thermal stability data used further Convergence.For example, if distinguishing that battery 1 is in because of deterioration has been precipitated metal (being lithium in the case where Li-Ion rechargeable battery), It can be used according to the rechargeable battery that metal has been precipitated thermal stability data generated.Accordingly it is also possible to according to such spy Sign is to classify to thermal stability data.
In addition, thermal stability data is classified according further to the value of SOC.Then, used thermal stability data base It is determined in current SOC that battery status presumption unit 23 is estimated.For example, in the case where the value of SOC is estimated to be 70%, Using SOC be 70% when thermal stability data.To carry out evaluate corresponding with current SOC.The classification of SOC can also be with Classify according to a certain range as 0~20%, 20~30%.
Thermal stability data can also be indicated with curve or function etc..Such as thermal stability data is also possible to indicate to fill The curve of the relationship of the calorific value of the external temperature and rechargeable battery of battery.It can also be made using the approximate function of the curve For thermal stability data.
Assuming that thermal stability data is classified according to the electrode of rechargeable battery.That is, can wrap in thermal stability data Containing to the positive relevant thermal stability data of rechargeable battery and thermal stability data relevant with the cathode of rechargeable battery.
Fig. 8 is the figure for indicating an example of thermal stability data.It shows in Fig. 8 and obtains after drawing thermal stability data Curve.The relevant curve of thermal stability data shown in Fig. 8 is denoted as calorific value calculated curve.The fever of longitudinal axis expression unit mass Amount.Horizontal axis indicates external temperature.The calorific value calculated curve of Fig. 8 is DSC curve.As shown in figure 8, including in thermal stability data Calorific value, fever start temperature of unit mass etc..Quality in the calorific value of unit mass refers to the activity of positive or negative pole Amount, the quality of positive or negative pole, the quality sum of the quality of positive or negative pole and electrolyte of substance.Such thermal stability number According to according to deterioration state and according to SOC value and exist.
Under the external temperature at the wave crest of DSC curve, the calorific value of rechargeable battery is more, is easy kindling.That is, the wave crest The external temperature at place is thermal runaway temperature.The heating rate of the external temperature of 4 curves of Fig. 8 is not identical.Shown in be A curve External temperature rise 10 DEG C per minute, the external temperature of B curve rises 5 DEG C per minute, on the external temperature of C curve is per minute The case where 2 DEG C of liter, the external temperature of D curve rises 1 DEG C per minute.The difference of heating rate as a result, causes calorific value, heat to be lost The differences such as the timing of control.The heating rate of external temperature is according to required safety, the environment of the structure of battery 1, surrounding Deng determining.Heating rate can also be specified via input unit (not shown) in present embodiment.
Thermal stability data is that the measurement data based on multiple rechargeable batteries is pre-generated.Generate thermal stability data institute Multiple rechargeable batteries are the rechargeable battery for meeting identical precondition respectively.To which thermal stability data can be used generally In other rechargeable batteries for meeting the precondition.
Precondition is not particularly limited, and can be various preconditions.For example, can be used in the electrode by rechargeable battery Material, electrode the amount of active material be used as precondition within the specified scope etc..It is filled to the multiple of the precondition are met Battery is checked, calculates thermal stability data based on inspection result.The production method of thermal stability data has no especially It limits, can arbitrarily set.
In addition to this, it can also will be not used, the states such as metal have been precipitated as precondition.Alternatively, can also will fill The concerns of the keeping of battery or environment when using are as precondition.With the precondition of environmental correclation have temperature, The items such as humidity.For example, it is also possible to use the concerns of resume as precondition rechargeable battery.With use resume phase The precondition of pass has number, the total time used of charge or discharge etc..
Worsening reason as rechargeable battery, it is believed that have and draw with the dilation of the reactivity of electrolyte, active material The damage etc. risen, but the worsening reason of rechargeable battery is not easy to determine.In addition, the keeping situation of rechargeable battery, using resume The degradation Deng caused by is not also identical.Therefore, thermal stability data is calculated under a variety of preconditions in advance, and use meets The thermal stability data of 1 state of battery.That is, using the rechargeable battery based on the state same degree state with battery 1 The calculated thermal stability data of inspection result.Thus, it is possible to accurately estimate the calorific value of battery 1.
Thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 obtains the presumed value of current deterioration state from battery status presumption unit 23 and works as The presumed value of preceding SOC.Then, thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 is at least based on these acquired presumed values, from being stored in In the thermal stability data of multiple rechargeable batteries in thermal stability data storage unit 241, it is steady to select heat corresponding with battery 1 Qualitative data is simultaneously obtained.Therefore, acquired thermal stability data is the presumption based on the current deterioration state of battery 1 Value and the presumed value of the current SOC of battery 1 and the thermal stability data corresponding with battery 1 selected.
Due to thermal stability data be calculate rechargeable battery calorific value when with reference to data, be denoted as " ginseng According to data ".In addition, by thermal stability data acquired in thermal stability data acquisition unit 242, i.e. multiple referring to being based in data The presumed value of the current SOC of the presumed value and battery 1 of the current deterioration state of battery 1 is selected corresponding with battery 1 " first referring to data " are denoted as referring to data.It, will be referring to first referring to data when the calorific value of calculating accumulator 1.
And in the corresponding thermal stability data of battery 1 comprising thermal stability data corresponding with the anode of battery 1 and Thermal stability data corresponding with the cathode of battery 1.That is, thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 can also pushing away based on anode Definite value obtains and the corresponding thermal stability data of anode.Heat corresponding with cathode can also be obtained based on the presumed value of cathode Stability data.
The case where precondition of rechargeable battery when the presumed value of battery 1 meets pre-generated thermal stability data Under, the thermal stability data is it may be said that corresponding with battery 1.For example, being advised in the amount based on the active material for meeting anode In the case where determining multiple rechargeable batteries of this precondition range Nei and generating thermal stability data, when battery 1 just When the presumed value of the amount of the active material of pole is in the prescribed limit, the thermal stability data is it may be said that corresponding with battery 1. In addition, thermal stability data corresponding with battery 1 could also say that the thermostabilization of the calorific value suitable for presumption battery 1 Property data.
Thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 can also be based further on other presumed values other than deterioration state and SOC, come Obtain thermal stability data.Meet the thermal stability data of multiple presumed values and the thermal stability data phase for meeting a presumed value Than being higher a possibility that meeting the thermal stability data of battery 1.To use the thermostabilization for meeting multiple presumed values In the case where property data, compared with the case where using the thermal stability data for meeting a presumed value, it is believed that can be improved calculating The precision of safety index, safety evaluatio out.
Calorific value presumption unit 243 is based on thermostabilization corresponding with battery 1 acquired in thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 Property data, the calorific value of calculating accumulator 1.
Calorific value presumption unit 243 can also be based on thermal stability data corresponding with the anode of battery 1, calculating accumulator The calorific value of 1 anode.It can also be based on thermal stability data corresponding with the cathode of battery 1, the cathode of calculating accumulator 1 Calorific value.It can also calorific value by the anode of battery 1 and the sum of respective calorific value of cathode as battery 1.Alternatively, It can also be only using the calorific value of positive or negative pole as the calorific value of battery 1.
For example, explanation is using calorific value calculated curve shown in Fig. 8 come the case where estimating calorific value.Calorific value presumption unit 243 find out include wave crest portions in the prescribed limit of external temperature area.In DSC curve, calorific value is with wave crest portions Area indicate, therefore, find out the calorific value in the time range (terminating temperature from fever start temperature to fever) of wave crest The integrated value of calculated curve.Fever start temperature, that is, wave crest starting point can also be used as when the slope of DSC curve is more than threshold value Temperature (temperature of wave crest rising edge).Or it can also be used as the temperature of the tangent line of wave crest and the intersection point of baseline.The terminal of wave crest I.e. fever terminates temperature using setting identical with fever start temperature.Calorific value is found out from thermal stability data as a result,.
The prescribed limit of external temperature can arbitrarily be set.But the peace of battery is evaluated in the case where adjacent cell kindling When full property, as it is assumed that can be carried out near the temperature that battery can be externally exposed temperature in the case where adjacent cell is caught fire more has The evaluation of effect, is therefore preferred.Thereby, it is possible to find out the fever of the battery 1 when external temperature changes within the specified scope Amount.
Calorific value presumption unit 243 can also find out the threshold value for determining whether to have occurred thermal runaway in advance, and (thermal runaway is sentenced Determine threshold value), in the case where the calorific value of unit mass has been more than thermal runaway decision threshold, it is judged to that thermal runaway has occurred.
As described above, can generate load when finding out calorific value according to calorific value calculated curve every time and spend the time.Cause This, also can be used the parameter for indicating deterioration state for deducing battery status presumption unit 23 and corresponding with calorific value etc. The data come.That is, thermal stability data is also possible to indicate that projects of the parameter of deterioration state and thermal stability data are presented The data (corresponding table) of corresponding relationship out.The table can be generated by external device (ED), can also be based on past processing resume by electricity Pond safety evaluatio portion 24 generates.
When thermal stability data is corresponding table, calorific value presumption unit 243 referring to the table, extract with indicate acquired in it is bad Corresponding calorific value of the parameter of change state etc..
Calorific value of the safety index calculation part 244 based on the battery 1 deduced calculates external temperature within the specified scope The temperature of battery 1 when variation.The temperature of calculated battery 1 is denoted as battery and reaches temperature.
The temperature variation of battery 1 can be by subtracting what 1 external environment of battery was released from the calorific value of battery 1 Heat (heat dissipation capacity), and resulting difference is found out divided by the specific heat of battery 1.Heat dissipation capacity is by will be from the temperature of battery 1 Difference after subtracting external temperature is multiplied to find out with thermal coefficient.Thermal coefficient depends on structure, the material of battery and battery pack Matter etc..The specific heat of calorific value, battery 1 as a result, based on battery 1 and external thermal coefficient, external temperature, calculate The temperature of first battery described in when external temperature changes within the specified scope.
Battery reaches temperature can be indicated with absolute value, can also be indicated with relative value.That is, battery reach temperature can To be the actual temperature of battery, be also possible to assume exposure at high temperature at the beginning of battery temperature (initial temperature) it Difference.
Then, the calculating of safety index calculation part 244 battery reaches temperature or battery reaches the relevant calculated value of temperature to make For safety index.For example, fever start temperature can be reached the temperature variation of temperature as safety index to battery.It can also Reach temperature the time it takes as safety index to battery so that start temperature will be generated heat.Fever start temperature can also be arrived Battery reaches the electrothermal calefactive rate of temperature as safety index.Electrothermal calefactive rate can be temperature variation divided by needed for the temperature change The value obtained after the time wanted.
Safety evaluatio portion 245 is based on calculated safety index, determines the safety of battery 1.For example, can will pacify It is compared all referring to threshold value used in mark and safety index.Threshold value used in safety index is denoted as secure threshold.Secure threshold It can preset.
For example, safety evaluatio on the basis of secure threshold, can be divided into two kinds of safe and dangerous (danger).Alternatively, There may also be multiple secure thresholds, safety evaluatio be divided into such as it is safe, it is noted that, alert, forbid it is a variety of.For example, can To be determined as " safety " when the battery as safety index reaches temperature lower than the first secure threshold, reaching temperature in battery is Be judged to " paying attention to " when first secure threshold is more than or lower than the second secure threshold, battery reach temperature be the second secure threshold with It was determined as danger when upper.In this way, safety evaluatio portion 245 can also be based on safety index and secure threshold, from multiple evaluations point The classification of assessment for being suitble to battery 1 is selected in class.By the readily comprehensible classification of assessment of presentation user, user can be improved just Benefit.
But safety judges that benchmark is different according to the difference of required safety with dangerous.Therefore, above-mentioned In safety evaluatio, need according to circumstances to change secure threshold.For example, in the case where airplane, due to being strongly required have Safety, it is therefore desirable to determine the secure threshold for keeping safety evaluatio stringent.Conversely, not may require that usually as airplane that The safety of sample, there is no need to use secure threshold identical with aircraft.Therefore, it is necessary to according to circumstances be used separately safety threshold Value.In order to avoid this not convenient situation occurs, safety can also be evaluated with numerical value.For example, being rule in safety index In the lower limit value situation below for determining range, safety is 100% (risk 0%).It is the upper of the range in safety index In the case where more than limit value, safety is 0% (risk 100%).Safety index is in lower limit value to the feelings between upper limit value Under condition, evaluated with the numerical value between 0~100%.To as the safety of 70% or more airline requirements, railway Company requires 50% or more safety such, can be formulated according to different situations different numerical value (security criteria).In addition, In the case where numerical value, user can identify current safety in which kind of degree.
The calculated safety index of safety index calculation part 244 can also be directly used as safety evaluatio.That is, safety Index calculation part 244 can also send safety index to output section 25 directly as safety evaluatio.In this case, safety Index calculation part 244 could also say that safety evaluatio portion 245.In addition, directly using safety index as safety evaluatio In the case where, safety evaluatio could also say that calculated based on safety index.
It is determined as by calorific value calculation part there is no in the case where thermal runaway, safety index calculation part 244 can also be with Do not calculate safety index.Moreover, in the case where not calculating safety index, safety evaluatio portion 245 can also make " safety ", " safety 100% ", " risk 0% " are such to determine that there is no thermal runaways as battery 1.
Fig. 9 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the flow chart of battery security evaluation processing.Battery security evaluation processing exists The presumed value that battery status presumption unit 23 calculates battery behavior of battery 1 etc. carries out later.
Presumed value of the thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 based on the deterioration state got from battery status presumption unit 23 and The presumed value of SOC obtains thermal stability data (S401) corresponding with battery 1 from thermal stability data storage unit 241.
In the case that thermal stability data storage unit 241 is realized by database etc., if using deterioration state and SOC as category Property, it is performed in accordance with record with thermal stability data, then thermal stability can be extracted by using the management function of RDBMS etc. Data.Even if deterioration state and the respective presumed value of SOC and value corresponding to thermal stability data are not quite identical, but as long as In defined permissible range, it can also extract.
Calorific value presumption unit 243 is based on the thermal stability data obtained by thermal stability data acquisition unit 242, presumption anode With the calorific value of cathode etc. (S402).Safety index calculation part 244 is based on calorific value, specific heat, thermal coefficient, external temperature, pushes away Determine battery and reach temperature, and calculates and reach the relevant safety index (S403) of temperature to battery.Safety evaluatio portion 245 is based on peace Safety evaluatio (S404) is determined all referring to mark.The above are the flow charts of battery security evaluation processing.
Output section 25 exports calculated safety index, safety evaluatio etc..Other each components can also be exported Processing result.For example, output section 25 can be in the case where being judged as that thermal runaway has occurred in battery 1, from calorific value presumption unit 243 receive external temperature, that is, thermal runaway temperature when thermal runaway occurs for batteries 1 and export.
The output method of output section 25 is not particularly limited.It can be file, mail, image, sound or shadow.For example, Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 can be connect via output section 25 and display, loudspeaker etc., export each composition to other devices The processing result of element.For example, in the case where safety evaluatio is " danger ", in order to allow user to recognize danger, Ke Yi Image or shadow of the display for warning on display can also export alarm tone from loudspeaker.The letter that output section 25 is exported Breath is not particularly limited.For example, internal state parameter, battery behavior, thermal stability data etc. can be exported for cell safety Property evaluation information.
As described above, the current deterioration state of battery 1 is based not only on, also based on current SOC according to embodiment 1 To evaluate the safety of battery 1.Therefore, which can more accurately show the current safety of battery 1, being capable of basis Safety will segment the limitation of battery 1.Thus, it is possible to be coped with respectively based on the index, safety can be taken into account Property and convenience.
In addition, being analyzed by using charging and discharging curve, without removing and being installed on analyzer from equipment by battery 1. Therefore, the effort that safety evaluatio is spent can be reduced, when practical application also can be to the equipment comprising battery 1 individually Ground is confirmed.
(embodiment 2)
According to embodiment 1, it is assumed that in feelings of the evaluation that battery security evaluating apparatus 2 carries out lower than specified safety benchmark Under condition, being carried along into etc. for battery 1 is restricted.But it is such to limit the convenience that also damage user.Therefore, this implementation The battery security evaluating apparatus 2 of mode carries out battery security adjustment processing.Battery security adjustment processing is to reduce SOC Value is to meet the processing of safety benchmark.Specifically, being that battery 1 is made to be discharged to reduce the processing of the value of SOC.
Figure 10 is to illustrate that the figure of the safety of the battery of front and back is implemented in battery security adjustment processing.Figure 10 (A) is indicated Situation before battery security adjustment processing implementation.Figure 10 (B) indicates the situation after battery security adjustment processing implementation.In reality Before applying battery security adjustment processing, battery allowance 100%, i.e. SOC are 100%.As safety index, " cell safety Property risk " display 70%.Here, " battery security risk " is lower, it is meant that safety is higher.Battery 1 is in such When state, it is set as cannot be introduced into the place that safety benchmark is 30%.At this point, the target value of safety evaluatio is input to by user Battery security evaluating apparatus 2.Then, implement battery security adjustment processing, as shown in Figure 10 (B), battery allowance is reduced, but Safety index is to the status change for meeting safety benchmark.Even if battery allowance can be made to reduce, but the user for being desirable for For, battery security adjustment processing is very useful.
Figure 11 is the block diagram for indicating an example of the brief configuration of accumulating system of embodiment 2.In embodiment 2, battery Safety evaluatio device 2 is also equipped with input unit 26, electric discharge 27 this point of instruction unit is different from embodiment 1.With 1 phase of embodiment Same point, the description thereof will be omitted.
Input unit 26 receives input of the user to safety evaluatio.For example, since safety evaluatio is unsatisfactory for safety base Standard also can receive executing instruction for battery security adjustment processing.Alternatively, it is also possible to receive safety evaluatio target value, It is set as the classification of assessment (target classification) etc. of target.Input method uses well known method, and there is no particular limitation.Example Such as, GUI can be used to receive the input of user.
Instruction unit 27 of discharging indicates that charge/discharge control unit 21 is discharged, based on the input to safety evaluatio with adjustment Safety evaluatio.Charge/discharge control unit 21 is based on the instruction and discharges, so that the value of the SOC after electric discharge reduces.Due to SOC's Value reduces, and safety is improved.That is, safety evaluatio is to than in the past safer direction transition.
It can be carried out by a variety of methods based on the electric discharge that the instruction of electric discharge instruction unit 27 carries out.For example, electric discharge instruction Portion 27 can indicate the defined discharge capacity that discharges, then the safety evaluatio after output electric discharge, and being confirmed whether by user will be again It is secondary to discharge.
Or, it is also contemplated that following methods: defined discharge capacity is released in the electric discharge instruction of instruction unit 27, but after discharge The difference of safety evaluatio and target value is lower than before threshold value, or safety evaluatio after discharge reaches the received target point of institute Before class, electric discharge instruction unit 27 issues the instruction repeatedly.Have also contemplated the side for moving closer to the target value of safety evaluatio in this way Method.
Alternatively, electric discharge instruction unit 27 can also calculate the discharge capacity for reaching target value or target classification, and indicate Release the discharge capacity.Electric discharge instruction unit 27 shown in Figure 11 adjusts safety evaluatio using this method.Using this method In the case of, electric discharge instruction unit 27 has SOC- safety data generating unit 271 and discharge capacity calculation part 272.
The presumed value that SOC- safety data generating unit 271 generates the SOC for indicating current refers to safety evaluatio or safely The data of target relationship.The data are denoted as SOC- safety data.SOC- safety data generating unit 271 pushes away battery status Determine safety index corresponding to the presumed value of the presumed value SOC current with this for the current SOC that portion 23 obtains or safety is commented Valence, which associates, to be recorded.SOC- safety data is generated by the accumulation of the record.SOC- safety data can not It is to generate at the very start.For example, the SOC- safety data of common rechargeable battery can be used as to reference data, in utilization Record is stated to update the reference data, to generate SOC- safety data corresponding with battery 1.
But safety index is to take into account the environment other than battery 1 and calculated, therefore be easy by ring The influence that border changes.Violent SOC- safety data is developed it is therefore possible to generate.
Figure 12 is the figure for indicating the variation of SOC- safety data.Figure 12 (A) is ideal curve.Figure 12 (B) is practical song Line.In ideal curve, the corresponding SOC of a safety index.And in actual curve, a safety index corresponds to multiple SOC.
Therefore, SOC- safety data generating unit 271 can also smooth SOC- safety data, so that one Safety index corresponds to a SOC.Smoothing method well known to rolling average, smoothing spline etc. can be used in smoothing.
Other countermeasures can also be used without smoothing.The value of multiple SOC is corresponded in a safety index In the case where, one can also be determined according to defined selectivity clause as maximum, minimum, median.
Discharge capacity calculation part 272 uses SOC- safety data, the target value or target classification of confirmation and safety evaluatio The value of corresponding SOC.That is, the target value of confirmation SOC.Then, based on the target value of SOC, discharge capacity is determined.The lower limit of discharge capacity Value is by the way that the difference of the value of current SOC and the target value of SOC to be calculated multiplied by current battery capacity.Discharge capacity is not It has to identical with discharge capacity lower limit value.For example, discharge capacity can also be made more than discharge capacity lower limit value for the sake of for greater safety.
Charge/discharge control unit 21 controls battery 1, it is made to release specified discharge capacity.At the end of electric discharge, again to electricity Pond condition estimating portion 23 and battery security evaluation section 24 send instruction, to evaluate safety again.Other constituent elements carry out Processing identical with embodiment up to the present.
The target value of input also can be used as safety benchmark in safety evaluatio portion 245.In the target value inputted In the case where for safety benchmark, the evaluation exported from output section 25 indicates whether the target value for meeting input.Such case Under, user can intuitively understand that battery 1 (using the product of battery 1) meets safety benchmark.
Figure 13 is an exemplary diagram for indicating the flow chart of battery security adjustment processing.In this flow chart, it is assumed that not It is repeatedly to release defined discharge capacity, but determine discharge capacity corresponding with target value.Firstly, input unit 26 is received from outside The target value (S501) of safety evaluatio.Discharge capacity calculation part 272 is calculated for making safety evaluatio reach the electric discharge of target value It measures (S502).Charge/discharge control unit 21 controls battery 1, it is made to release discharge capacity (S503) be calculated.Place later Reason is identical as embodiment 1, and and the description is omitted.The safety under the last state after electric discharge is evaluated as a result, is exported Meet the numerical value of specified safety benchmark.
As described above, according to embodiment 2, even if can also be adjusted in the case where battery 1 is unsatisfactory for safety benchmark Whole battery 1 is to meet safety benchmark.Thus, it is possible to compromise between security and convenience.
(embodiment 3)
In above embodiment, thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 is from the heat being stored in thermal stability data storage unit 241 Thermal stability data corresponding with battery 1 is obtained in stability data.But the state of battery 1 is various, if by hot steady Qualitative data is stored entirely in thermal stability data storage unit 241, then the capacity of thermal stability data storage unit 241 is excessive. In addition, it is also possible to thermal stability data not corresponding with the battery 1 in thermal stability data storage unit 241.Therefore, real It applies in mode 3, thermal stability data is obtained and updated from outside.Thermal stability data storage unit is stored in thus, it is possible to reduce The amount of 241 thermal stability data can be realized the miniaturization and battery security evaluation section of battery security evaluation section 24 Cost involved in 24 manufacture reduces.In addition, the type of corresponding battery 1 can increase.
Figure 14 is the block diagram of an example of the brief configuration of the accumulating system of embodiment 3.In embodiment 3, thermal stability Data acquiring section 242 be communicated with the outside this point be different from before embodiment.Point identical with embodiment before is then It omits the description.
Thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 and provide device etc. of thermal stability data by wired or wireless communication or Electric signal connects, it is possible to occur the transmitting-receiving of data.The device etc. for providing thermal stability data is not particularly limited, and can be It is stored with the external data base 3 of thermal stability data, is also possible to generate and provide the thermal stability data of thermal stability data Server 4 is provided.Below, it will thus provide the device etc. of thermal stability data is denoted as thermal stability data and provides device.Thermal stability Data acquiring section 242 can also provide device with thermal stability data by communication network 5 and connect.Alternatively, can also be by setting Standby interface and 3 direct or indirect connection of external data base.
The timing hypothesis that thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 obtains thermal stability data is not corresponding with battery 1 Thermal stability data in the case where carry out, but be not particularly limited.For example, it is newborn to provide device in thermal stability data It carries out, can also regularly carry out in the case where at thermal stability data.There is no institute in thermal stability data storage unit 241 In the case where the thermal stability data needed, specification, battery behavior, the parameter for indicating deterioration state based on battery 1 etc. are obtained Corresponding thermal stability data.Can not also the ground such as specified requirements provide device from thermal stability data and obtain thermal stability Data.In addition, unwanted thermal stability data can also be not stored in thermal stability number in acquired thermal stability data According in storage unit 241.
Thermal stability data storage unit 241 can also delete the thermal stability data of its storage inside.For example, in order to save Capacity, the less thermal stability data of access times, thermal stability data that service life is already expired etc. meet defined deletion item The thermal stability data of part can also be not stored in thermal stability data storage unit 241.
Figure 15 is to indicate that thermal stability data obtains an exemplary diagram of the flow chart of processing.The flow diagrams illustrate batteries Process when thermal stability data is obtained before safety evaluatio processing.
Thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 from battery status presumption unit 23 obtain battery 1 deterioration state and SOC it is each Presumed value (S601).Thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 confirms heat corresponding with battery 1 based on acquired each presumed value Whether stability data is stored in thermal stability data storage unit 241 (S602).
Be stored in thermal stability data storage unit 241 with (S603- is) when 1 corresponding thermal stability data of battery, Process terminates.Without storage and (S603- when 1 corresponding thermal stability data of battery in thermal stability data storage unit 241 It is no), thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 provides device to thermal stability data and issues inquiry (S604).It is contained in the inquiry Acquired presumed value.
Thermal stability data provides presumed value of the device based on the battery behavior received etc., sends corresponding with battery 1 Thermal stability data (S605).Then, thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 obtains the thermal stability data sent, and moves (S606) is handled to battery security evaluation.Battery security evaluation processing is as described above.It is above that thermal stability data obtains Take the process of processing.
As described above, according to embodiment 3, even if there is no storage battery safety in thermal stability data storage unit 241 Evaluation processing needed for thermal stability data, can also the battery behavior etc. based on battery 1, obtain required thermal stability number According to.It is thus possible to reduce the amount for the thermal stability data that be stored in thermal stability data storage unit 241 in advance, Neng Goushi The reduction of the manufacturing cost of the miniaturization and battery security evaluation section 24 of existing battery security evaluation section 24.It can also increase The type of corresponding battery 1.
Reason can be realized by dedicated circuit everywhere in above explained embodiment, can also use software (program) It realizes.In the case where using software (program), above explained embodiment can be used for example common computer installation and make For basic hardware, make to carry central processing unit (CPU:Central Processing Unit) etc. on a computing means Processor executes program to realize.
Figure 16 is the block diagram for indicating an example of the hardware configuration in an embodiment of the present invention.Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 can be by having processor 61, main storage means 62, auxilary unit 63, network interface 64, equipment interface 65 and these structures Computer installation 6 that part is connected by bus 66 is realized.
Processor 61 is unfolded and executes in main storage means 62 from 63 reading program of auxilary unit, so as to Realize each function of each component of battery security evaluating apparatus 2.
Processor 61 be include the control device of computer and the electronic loop of arithmetic unit.Processor 61 can for example make With for example general purpose processor, central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), controller, Microcontroller, state machine, application-specific IC, field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic circuit (PLD) and Their combination.
Battery security evaluating apparatus 2 in present embodiment can also be by the way that installation is each in advance in computer installation 6 The program that device executes is realized.The storages such as CD-ROM Jie is stored in alternatively, can also suitably install on computer installation 6 Program in matter is realized via the program of Web Publishing.
Main storage means 62 are the memory devices of the order that interim storage processor 61 to be executed and various data etc., can To be the volatile memory such as DRAM, it is also possible to the nonvolatile memories such as MRAM.Auxilary unit 63 is to permanently store The storage device of program and data etc., such as have flash memory etc..
Network interface 64 is the interface that communication network is connected to by way of wirelessly or non-wirelessly.Thermal stability data obtains In the case where taking portion 242 to be communicated with thermal stability data offer device, the communication process of thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 Function can be realized by network interface 64.Here, a network interface 64 is illustrated only, but multiple networks can also be carried Interface 64.
Equipment interface 65 is the interfaces such as the USB connecting with the exterior storage medium 7 of record output result etc..Thermal stability number In the case where being exterior storage medium 7 according to offer device, between thermal stability data acquisition unit 242 and exterior storage medium 7 Data transmit-receive function can be realized by equipment interface 65.Exterior storage medium 7 can be HDD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-RAM, Any storage mediums such as DVD-R, SAN (Storage areanetwork: storage area network).It can also be via equipment interface 65 connect with battery 1.
Computer installation 6 can also be by dedicated hardware such as the semiconductor integrated circuit that is mounted with processor 61 etc. come structure At.Dedicated hardware can be combined with storage devices such as RAM, ROM to constitute.Computer installation 6 can also be assembled in battery 1 Inside.
One embodiment of the present invention is illustrated above, but these embodiments are intended only as example and present, It is not intended to be limiting the scope of the present invention.These novel embodiments can also be implemented by various other modes, not depart from In the range of main idea of the present invention, various omissions, substitutions and changes can be carried out.These embodiments are included in present invention protection model It in the main idea enclosed, and include in the range impartial with being invented documented by the scope of the claims.
Above embodiment can be summarized as to technical solution below.
[technical solution 1]
A kind of battery security evaluating apparatus, comprising:
Battery status presumption unit, the number of the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge According to estimating the presumed value of the current deterioration state of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Calorific value presumption unit, based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first battery calorific value；And
Safety index calculation part, based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate with when the external temperature variations described in first The relevant safety index of the temperature of battery,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
[technical solution 2]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus documented by technical solution 1,
The calorific value for first battery that the safety index calculation part is deduced based on the calorific value presumption unit, described Thermal coefficient and the external temperature between the specific heat of one battery, first battery and the outside of first battery, meter The temperature of first battery under the external temperature is calculated,
And the temperature based on calculated first battery, calculate the safety index.
[technical solution 3]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus documented by technical solution 1 or 2, further includes:
Charge/discharge control unit controls the charge or discharge of first battery；And
Measurement portion measures the voltage and current of first battery,
The data of voltage and current that the battery status presumption unit is obtained based on the measurement portion by measurement estimate described the The presumed value of the presumed value of the current deterioration state of one battery and the current SOC of first battery,
It is described at the time of currently refer to that the measurement portion has just measured the voltage and current of first battery.
[technical solution 4]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that any one technical solution of technical solution 1 to 3 is recorded, it is also equipped with:
Safety evaluatio portion is based on the safety index, works as to first battery or the battery pack comprising first battery Preceding safety is evaluated；And
Output section exports the evaluation.
[technical solution 5]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that technical solution 4 is recorded,
Threshold value of the safety evaluatio portion based on the safety index and the safety index, is selected from multiple classification of assessment It selects and is suitble to the classification of assessment of first battery as the evaluation.
[technical solution 6]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that the technical solution 4 or 5 for being depending directly or indirectly on technical solution 3 is recorded, also wrap It includes:
Input unit receives the input to the evaluation；And
Instruction unit of discharging indicates that the charge/discharge control unit is discharged based on the input,
The charge/discharge control unit is discharged according to the instruction, thus before the evaluation after the input is compared to the input Evaluation, safety is improved.
[technical solution 7]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that technical solution 6 is recorded,
In the case where the input is target value or target classification, the electric discharge instruction unit uses SOC- safety data, meter The discharge capacity for making the evaluation reach the target value or the target classification is calculated,
The charge/discharge control unit controls first battery, so that it releases the discharge capacity being calculated,
The SOC- safety data indicates any one of following (1) and (2) relationship:
(1) relationship of the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the safety index,
(2) relationship of the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the evaluation.
[technical solution 8]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that technical solution 7 is recorded,
Also there is SOC- safety data generating unit, the SOC- safety data is generated based on following (3) or (4):
(3) institute corresponding to the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery Safety index is stated,
(4) institute corresponding to the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery Commentary valence,
The SOC- safety data generating unit is by smoothing the SOC- safety data, thus in the SOC- In safety data, uniquely determine the value of SOC corresponding to the target value or the target classification.
[technical solution 9]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that any one technical solution of technical solution 4 to 8 is recorded,
The output section is shown in the form of images by content is exported.
[technical solution 10]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that any one technical solution of technical solution 4 to 8 is recorded,
The output section exports in the form of a file by content is exported.
[technical solution 11]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that any one technical solution of technical solution 4 to 8 is recorded,
The output section is based on the evaluation, and output indicates image, shadow or the sound of alarm.
[technical solution 12]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that any one technical solution of technical solution 4 to 11 is recorded,
The calorific value presumption unit is based on described first referring to data, calculates external temperature when thermal runaway occurs for first battery Degree is used as thermal runaway temperature,
The output section exports the thermal runaway temperature.
[technical solution 13]
In the battery security evaluating apparatus that any one technical solution of technical solution 1 to 12 is recorded,
It is also equipped with referring to data acquiring section, presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery The presumed value of current SOC is selected and obtains described first referring to data.
[technical solution 14]
A kind of battery security evaluation method, includes the following steps:
The data of the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge, presumption described first The step of presumed value of the current deterioration state of battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first battery calorific value the step of；And
Based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate to when the external temperature variations described in the temperature of the first battery it is relevant The step of safety index,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
[technical solution 15]
A kind of computer program, includes the following steps:
The data of the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge, presumption described first The step of presumed value of the current deterioration state of battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first battery calorific value the step of；And
Based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate to when the external temperature variations described in the temperature of the first battery it is relevant The step of safety index,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
[technical solution 16]
A kind of control circuit, comprising:
Battery status presumption unit, the number of the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge According to estimating the presumed value of the current deterioration state of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Calorific value presumption unit estimates calorific value of first battery in external temperature variations based on first referring to data；With And
Safety index calculation part, based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate with when the external temperature variations described in first The relevant safety index of the temperature of battery,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
[technical solution 17]
A kind of accumulating system, has:
First battery of the rechargeable battery as evaluation object；And
The battery security evaluating apparatus of the safety of first battery is evaluated,
The battery security evaluating apparatus includes:
Battery status presumption unit, the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge Data, estimate the presumed value of the current deterioration state of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Calorific value presumption unit estimates calorific value of first battery in external temperature variations based on first referring to data；With And
Safety index calculation part, based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate with when the external temperature variations described in first The relevant safety index of the temperature of battery,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.

Claims (17)

1. a kind of battery security evaluating apparatus characterized by comprising
Battery status presumption unit, first battery measured when the battery status presumption unit is based on the first battery charge or discharge Voltage and current data, presumed value and first battery for estimating first battery current deterioration state be current The presumed value of SOC；
Calorific value presumption unit, the calorific value presumption unit are based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first electricity The calorific value in pond；And
Safety index calculation part, calorific value of the safety index calculation part based on first battery calculate and the external temperature The relevant safety index of temperature of first battery described in when degree changes,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
2. battery security evaluating apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The calorific value for first battery that the safety index calculation part is deduced based on the calorific value presumption unit, described Thermal coefficient and the external temperature between the specific heat of one battery, first battery and the outside of first battery, meter The temperature of first battery under the external temperature is calculated,
And the temperature based on calculated first battery, calculate the safety index.
3. battery security evaluating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that further include:
Charge/discharge control unit, the charge/discharge control unit control the charge or discharge of first battery；And
Measurement portion, the measurement portion measure the voltage and current of first battery,
The data of voltage and current that the battery status presumption unit is obtained based on the measurement portion by measurement estimate described the The presumed value of the presumed value of the current deterioration state of one battery and the current SOC of first battery,
It is described at the time of currently refer to that the measurement portion has just measured the voltage and current of first battery.
4. battery security evaluating apparatus as described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that further include:
Safety evaluatio portion, the safety evaluatio portion are based on the safety index, to first battery or include described first The safety that the battery pack of battery is current is evaluated；And
Output section, the output section export the evaluation.
5. battery security evaluating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
Threshold value of the safety evaluatio portion based on the safety index and the safety index, is selected from multiple classification of assessment It selects and is suitble to the classification of assessment of first battery as the evaluation.
6. battery security evaluating apparatus as described in claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that further include:
Input unit, the input unit receive the input to the evaluation；And
Electric discharge instruction unit, the electric discharge instruction unit are based on the input, indicate that the charge/discharge control unit is discharged,
The charge/discharge control unit is discharged according to the instruction, thus before the evaluation after the input is compared to the input Evaluation, safety is improved.
7. battery security evaluating apparatus as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that
In the case where the input is target value or target classification, the electric discharge instruction unit uses SOC- safety data, meter The discharge capacity for making the evaluation reach the target value or the target classification is calculated,
The charge/discharge control unit controls first battery, so that it releases the discharge capacity being calculated,
The SOC- safety data indicates any one of following (1) and (2) relationship:
(1) relationship of the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the safety index,
(2) relationship of the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the evaluation.
8. battery security evaluating apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that
Also there is SOC- safety data generating unit, the SOC- safety data generating unit is based on following (3) or (4) to generate State SOC- safety data:
(3) institute corresponding to the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery Safety index is stated,
(4) institute corresponding to the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery Commentary valence,
The SOC- safety data generating unit is by smoothing the SOC- safety data, thus in the SOC- In safety data, uniquely determine the value of SOC corresponding to the target value or the target classification.
9. such as described in any item battery security evaluating apparatus of claim 4 to 8, which is characterized in that
The output section is shown in the form of images by content is exported.
10. such as described in any item battery security evaluating apparatus of claim 4 to 8, which is characterized in that
The output section exports in the form of a file by content is exported.
11. such as described in any item battery security evaluating apparatus of claim 4 to 8, which is characterized in that
The output section is based on the evaluation, and output indicates image, shadow or the sound of alarm.
12. such as described in any item battery security evaluating apparatus of claim 4 to 11, which is characterized in that
The calorific value presumption unit is based on described first referring to data, calculates external temperature when thermal runaway occurs for first battery Degree is used as thermal runaway temperature,
The output section exports the thermal runaway temperature.
13. such as described in any item battery security evaluating apparatus of claim 1 to 12, which is characterized in that
It is also equipped with referring to data acquiring section, presumption of the reference data acquiring section based on the current deterioration state of first battery The presumed value of value and the current SOC of first battery is selected and obtains described first referring to data.
14. a kind of battery security evaluation method, which comprises the steps of:
The data of the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge, presumption described first The step of presumed value of the current deterioration state of battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first battery calorific value the step of；And
Based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate to when the external temperature variations described in the temperature of the first battery it is relevant The step of safety index,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
15. a kind of computer program, which comprises the steps of:
The data of the voltage and current of first battery measured when based on the first battery charge or discharge, presumption described first The step of presumed value of the current deterioration state of battery and the presumed value of the current SOC of first battery；
Based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first battery calorific value the step of；And
Based on the calorific value of first battery, calculate to when the external temperature variations described in the temperature of the first battery it is relevant The step of safety index,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
16. a kind of control circuit characterized by comprising
Battery status presumption unit, first battery measured when the battery status presumption unit is based on the first battery charge or discharge Voltage and current data, presumed value and first battery for estimating first battery current deterioration state be current The presumed value of SOC；
Calorific value presumption unit, the calorific value presumption unit are based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first electricity The calorific value in pond；And
Safety index calculation part, calorific value of the safety index calculation part based on first battery calculate and the external temperature The relevant safety index of temperature of first battery described in when degree changes,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
17. a kind of accumulating system characterized by comprising
First battery of the rechargeable battery as evaluation object；And
The battery security evaluating apparatus of the safety of first battery is evaluated,
The battery security evaluating apparatus includes:
Battery status presumption unit, described first measured when the battery status presumption unit is based on the first battery charge or discharge The data of the voltage and current of battery, the presumed value and first battery for estimating the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC；
Calorific value presumption unit, the calorific value presumption unit are based on first referring to data, when estimating external temperature variations described in the first electricity The calorific value in pond；And
Safety index calculation part, calorific value of the safety index calculation part based on first battery calculate and the external temperature The relevant safety index of temperature of first battery described in when degree changes,
Described first referring to data is that presumed value and first battery based on the current deterioration state of first battery are worked as The presumed value of preceding SOC, from the multiple referring to being selected in data of the relationship of the calorific value and external temperature at least indicating rechargeable battery That selects out is corresponding with first battery referring to data.
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