CN110307188B - Method for determining installation position of vacuum breaker valve based on test - Google Patents
Method for determining installation position of vacuum breaker valve based on test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110307188B CN110307188B CN201910553030.8A CN201910553030A CN110307188B CN 110307188 B CN110307188 B CN 110307188B CN 201910553030 A CN201910553030 A CN 201910553030A CN 110307188 B CN110307188 B CN 110307188B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/4293—Details of fluid inlet or outlet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F10/00—Siphons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining the installation position of a vacuum breaker valve based on a test, and belongs to the technical field of pump station engineering. On the basis of a physical model test of a prototype vertical pump station, the reasonable position for installing the vacuum breaking valve is jointly determined by an air mass gathering area in the siphon type water outlet flow channel in the starting process of the water pump unit under different lift conditions. The invention provides a method for determining reasonable installation of a vacuum breaker valve, which considers the influence of the installation position of the vacuum breaker valve on the siphon forming time in a siphon water outlet channel under different lift conditions, solves the blind problem of random selection of the installation position of the vacuum breaker valve, effectively shortens the siphon forming time in the siphon water outlet channel, reduces the unstable pressure intensity in the siphon water outlet channel, and is beneficial to safe, reliable and stable operation of a vertical pump station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining the installation position of a vacuum breaker valve based on a test, in particular to a method for determining the installation position of a siphon type water outlet flow channel vacuum breaker valve of a large and medium-sized pump station, and belongs to the technical field of pump station engineering.
Background
The siphon type water outlet flow channel is one of the common flow channel structure forms of the low-lift vertical pump station, a cut-off device of the siphon type water outlet flow channel needs to adopt a vacuum breaking valve, siphon is broken through the vacuum breaking valve when the low-lift vertical pump station is shut down, and water flow is cut off so as to achieve the purposes of preventing water flow from flowing backwards and preventing a water pump unit from reversing. Before the water pump unit is started, the vacuum breaker valve is opened, after the water pump unit is started, the water level in the siphon type water outlet flow channel quickly rises, air in the flow channel is expelled out of the vacuum breaker valve by water, and when the water level in the siphon type water outlet flow channel exceeds the bottom of a hump, water flows to the water outlet side along the wall surface of the siphon type water outlet flow channel, so-called siphon forming process is carried out; when the water pump unit is stopped, the vacuum breaking valve is opened, air enters the siphon type water outlet flow channel through the vacuum breaking valve, and water flow is cut off. At present, the siphon type water outlet flow passage is applied to the vertical pump station engineering of hundreds of seats in China, in the practical application process of the pump stations, the phenomenon that the siphon type water outlet flow passage induces the unit to vibrate often occurs, mainly because when the water pump unit is started, the siphon forming time in the siphon type water outlet flow passage is too long, air in the siphon type water outlet flow passage cannot be quickly discharged in a short time, so that the internal pressure of the siphon type water outlet flow passage is unstable, strong vibration of the unit in the starting process is induced, the service life and the efficiency of the water pump unit are influenced along with abnormal noise and loud sound, currently, a vacuum breaking valve is directly installed at the topmost part of the siphon type water outlet flow passage, the influence of the vacuum breaking valve installation position on the siphon forming time in the siphon type water outlet flow passage under different lift conditions cannot be considered, and in order to solve the problem, the invention provides a method for determining the vacuum breaking valve installation position based on tests, the method provides reference basis for reasonably determining the installation position of the vacuum breaker valve of the siphon type water outlet flow channel, is beneficial to shortening the siphon forming time of the siphon type water outlet flow channel, avoids the vibration generated in the starting process of the unit, prolongs the service life of the water pump unit and enhances the operation reliability of the unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for determining the installation position of a vacuum break valve based on a test, which aims to solve the problem that the vacuum break valve position has influence on the formation of siphons in a siphon-type water outlet flow channel when the vacuum break valve is installed under the condition of not considering different lifts, further reduce the formation time of siphons in the siphon-type water outlet flow channel and reduce the adverse influence of the formation of siphons in the siphon-type water outlet flow channel on the safe operation stability of a unit.
In order to solve the problems, the reasonable position for installing the vacuum breaker valve is determined by an air mass accumulation area in the siphon type water outlet flow channel and the water level at the water outlet side of the pump station on the basis of a physical model test of a prototype vertical pump station.
The object of the present invention is achieved by a method for determining the installation position of a vacuum break valve based on a test, comprising the steps of:
1) calculating n of the prototype vertical pump station by taking the prototype vertical pump station in the research stage as an objectPDPValue of where nPThe rotating speed of the impeller of the prototype vertical pump station is r/min; dPThe diameter of the impeller of the prototype vertical pump station is m;
2) by using nPDP＝nMDMCalculating the test rotating speed n of the physical model test of the prototype vertical pump stationMWherein, the diameter D of the impeller of the physical model of the prototype vertical pump stationMTake 0.3m, and convert the ratio lambda (lambda is D) by geometric dimensionM/D P) Calculating the model geometric dimensions of a water inlet flow channel and a siphon water outlet flow channel of a physical model test of a prototype vertical pump station;
3) the siphon type water outlet flow channel of the physical model of the prototype vertical pump station is processed and manufactured by high-light-transmittance acrylic materials, the water inlet flow channel is processed and manufactured by thin steel plates, the water pump is processed and manufactured by stainless steel or copper, the inlet surface of the siphon type water outlet flow channel is connected with the outlet surface of the water pump, the inlet surface of the water pump is connected with the outlet surface of the water inlet flow channel, and the connection part is ensured to have no protrusion;
4) the test is carried out on a high-precision hydraulic mechanical test bed, the comprehensive uncertainty of the test bed is required to be lower than 0.4% so as to meet the test requirement, and the energy performance test of the starting process is carried out on the physical model of the prototype vertical pump station by taking the design lift, the maximum lift and the minimum lift of the prototype vertical pump station as the test basis;
5) recording and photographing the flow state inside the siphon type water outlet flow channel in the starting process of the physical model test of the prototype vertical pump station under the conditions of design lift, maximum lift and minimum lift of the prototype vertical pump station respectively, determining the position of air mass aggregation inside the siphon type water outlet flow channel, and obtaining the relative size of the air mass aggregation at the distance from the top of the siphon type water outlet flow channel in elevation through conversion, wherein the distance between the center of the position of air mass aggregation and the top of the siphon type water outlet flow channel in the elevation direction is defined as HkRelative size of HkDiameter D of impellerMAnd are recorded as: design ofThe relative size of the air mass gathering is L in the process of liftingD(ii) a At the lowest lift, the relative size of the air mass aggregates is LU(ii) a At the highest lift, the relative size of the air mass aggregation is LH；
6) According to the days of the prototype vertical pump station running at the design lift, the maximum lift and the minimum lift, the relative size of the air mass aggregation is weighted and solved to obtain the relative size L of the vacuum breaker valve installationA，LAThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: x is the number ofDThe number of days for the prototype vertical pump station to run under the designed lift condition; x is the number ofUThe number of days for the prototype vertical pump station to run under the condition of the lowest lift; x is the number ofHThe number of days for the prototype vertical pump station to run under the condition of the lowest lift; x is the number ofZTotal number of days, x, of operation of the prototype vertical pump stationZ＝xD+xU+xH；
7) Relative dimension L of vacuum break valve installationAOn the basis, the actual height H of the reasonable installation of the vacuum breaking valve is calculatedZ＝HD-LADPWherein: hDThe top elevation m of the siphon type water outlet flow channel is provided; and the horizontal position of the vacuum breaking valve is positioned at the water outlet side of the siphon-type water outlet flow channel.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a method for determining reasonable installation of a vacuum breaker valve, which solves the blind problem of random selection of the installation position of the vacuum breaker valve, solves the problem of influence of the installation position of the vacuum breaker valve on the formation time of siphon in a siphon-type water outlet flow channel during different lifts, effectively shortens the formation time of siphon in the siphon-type water outlet flow channel, reduces the unstable pressure intensity in the siphon-type water outlet flow channel, and is favorable for safe, reliable and stable operation of a vertical pump station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a single line diagram of a vertical pump station.
Figure 3 reasonable mounting position of the vacuum break valve.
In the figure: 1 water inlet flow channel, 2 water pump, 3 siphon type water outlet flow channel and 4 vacuum breaking valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and description.
The implementation of the present invention will be further explained by taking a practical vertical pump station as an example, which is shown in fig. 2. Impeller diameter D of actual certain vertical pump stationP3.15m, speed nP125r/min, nPDP＝nMDMThe calculation formula is converted into a physical model of a prototype vertical pump station, and the diameter of an impeller of the physical model of the prototype vertical pump station is equal to DMAnd when the rotating speed n is 0.3m, the rotating speed n of the impeller of the physical model of the prototype vertical pump stationM1312.5 r/min. The geometric dimension conversion scale lambda of the water inlet flow passage 1, the water pump 2 and the siphon type water outlet flow passage 3 of the prototype vertical pump station is DM/DP0.09524, converting the water inlet channel 1, the water pump 2 and the siphon water outlet channel 3 of the prototype vertical pump station according to a conversion scale 0.09524 to draw a prototype vertical pump station physical model drawing, processing and manufacturing the physical models of the water inlet channel 1 and the water pump 2 by metal materials, processing and manufacturing the physical model of the siphon water outlet channel 3 by high-light-transmission acrylic materials, installing and connecting the water inlet channel 1 and the water pump 2, installing and connecting the water pump 2 and the siphon water outlet channel 3, and ensuring that the water inlet channel 1, the water pump 2 and the siphon water outlet channel 3 are connected into a whole to form the physical model of the prototype vertical pump station. Respectively carrying out an energy test of a starting process on a physical model of the prototype vertical pump station according to the design lift of the actual pump station of 3.17m, the highest lift of 4.23m and the lowest lift of 1.95m, recording the positions of air masses gathered in the siphon-type water outlet flow channel under 3 different lift conditions by photographing or photographing, respectively calculating the relative sizes of the air masses gathered under 3 different lift conditions according to the method in the step (5), and when the design lift is 3.17m, calculating the relative size L of the air masses gatheredD0.12; the relative size of the air mass aggregation is L when the minimum lift is 1.95mU0.135; maximum lift 4.23m is the relative size of air mass aggregationH0.04. According to the fact that the number of days of operation of a certain vertical pump station is 165 days when the designed lift is 3.17m, the number of days of operation is 33 days when the designed lift is 1.95m, and the number of days of operation is 16 days when the designed lift is 4.23m, the relative size L of the vacuum breaker valve installation is calculated according to the method in the step (6)A，
Then according to the step (7), the actual height H of the reasonable installation of the vacuum breaking valve can be calculatedZ＝HD-LADP14.0-0.116 × 3.15-13.6346 m, for practical convenience, the vacuum breaker valve may be installed at 13.63m on the outlet side of the siphon-type outlet channel, and the vacuum breaker valve may be installed at a position as shown in fig. 3.
Claims (2)
1. A method for determining the installation position of a vacuum breaker valve based on tests is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) calculating n of the prototype vertical pump station by taking the prototype vertical pump station in the research stage as an objectPDPValue of where nPThe rotating speed of the impeller of the prototype vertical pump station is r/min; dPThe diameter of the impeller of the prototype vertical pump station is m;
2) by using nPDP＝nMDMCalculating the test rotating speed n of the physical model test of the prototype vertical pump stationMWherein, the diameter D of the impeller of the physical model of the prototype vertical pump stationMTake 0.3m, and convert the ratio lambda (lambda is D) by geometric dimensionM/DP) Calculating the model geometric dimensions of a water inlet flow channel and a siphon water outlet flow channel of a physical model test of a prototype vertical pump station;
3) the inlet surface of the siphon type water outlet channel is connected with the outlet surface of the water pump, and the inlet surface of the water pump is connected with the outlet surface of the water inlet channel, so that no bulge is formed at the connecting part;
4) the test is carried out on a high-precision hydraulic mechanical test bed, the comprehensive uncertainty of the test bed is required to be lower than 0.4% so as to meet the test requirement, and the energy performance test of the starting process is carried out on the physical model of the prototype vertical pump station by taking the design lift, the maximum lift and the minimum lift of the prototype vertical pump station as the test basis;
5) recording and photographing the flow state inside the siphon type water outlet flow channel in the starting process of the physical model test of the prototype vertical pump station under the conditions of design lift, maximum lift and minimum lift of the prototype vertical pump station respectively, determining the position of air mass aggregation inside the siphon type water outlet flow channel, and obtaining the relative size of the air mass aggregation at the distance from the top of the siphon type water outlet flow channel in elevation through conversion, wherein the distance between the center of the position of air mass aggregation and the top of the siphon type water outlet flow channel in the elevation direction is defined as HkRelative size of HkDiameter D of impellerMAnd are recorded as: the relative size of the air mass gathering is L when the lift is designedD(ii) a At the lowest lift, the relative size of the air mass aggregates is LU(ii) a At the highest lift, the relative size of the air mass aggregation is LH；
6) According to the days of the prototype vertical pump station running at the design lift, the maximum lift and the minimum lift, the relative size of the air mass aggregation is weighted and solved to obtain the relative size L of the vacuum breaker valve installationA，LAThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: x is the number ofDThe number of days for the prototype vertical pump station to run under the designed lift condition; x is the number ofUThe number of days for the prototype vertical pump station to run under the condition of the lowest lift; x is the number ofHThe number of days for the prototype vertical pump station to run under the condition of the highest lift is calculated; x is the number ofZTotal number of days, x, of operation of the prototype vertical pump stationZ＝xD+xU+xH；
7) Relative dimension L of vacuum break valve installationAOn the basis, the actual height H of the reasonable installation of the vacuum breaking valve is calculatedZ＝HD-LADPWherein: hDThe height of the top of the siphon type water outlet flow channel is m; and the horizontal position of the vacuum breaking valve is positioned at the water outlet side of the siphon-type water outlet flow channel.
2. The method for determining the installation position of the vacuum break valve based on the test as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the siphon-type water outlet channel of the physical model of the prototype vertical pump station is made of acrylic material with high light transmittance, the water inlet channel is made of thin steel plate, and the water pump is made of stainless steel or copper.
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| CN201910553030.8A CN110307188B (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Method for determining installation position of vacuum breaker valve based on test |
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| CN201910553030.8A CN110307188B (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Method for determining installation position of vacuum breaker valve based on test |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4095615A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1978-06-20 | Ramco Manufacturing, Inc. | Check valve and siphon tube assembly employing same |
| US8127787B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-03-06 | Ga Industries, Llc | Siphon breaker |
| CN202545324U (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-11-21 | 扬州大学 | Front shaft extension type water pump device with siphonic water output |
| CN105927458B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-07-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of extra low head backward flow type bell hydraulic turbine |
| CN108824617B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-05-01 | 扬州大学 | Water outlet flow channel capable of shortening siphon forming time of siphon type water outlet flow channel of pump station and using method of water outlet flow channel |
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