CN110305785A - A kind of PCR fluorescence detection device and its detection method - Google Patents

A kind of PCR fluorescence detection device and its detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110305785A
CN110305785A CN201811151169.1A CN201811151169A CN110305785A CN 110305785 A CN110305785 A CN 110305785A CN 201811151169 A CN201811151169 A CN 201811151169A CN 110305785 A CN110305785 A CN 110305785A
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microchannel
drop
unit
fluorescence detection
pcr
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吴文明
李渊明
穆全全
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature

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Abstract

The present invention relates to PCR detection technique field more particularly to a kind of PCR fluorescence detection device and its detection methods.Structure is complicated for the temperature cycles equipment and flow control mechanism that the present invention solves a kind of existing PCR fluorescence detection device, problem at high cost.PCR fluorescence detection device of the invention includes: drop formation unit, microchannel, temperature control unit, collector unit, flow rate regulating unit and fluorescence detection unit, the drop formation unit, microchannel, temperature control unit, collector unit and flow rate regulating unit are sequentially communicated, the fluorescence detection unit is between the temperature control unit and the collector unit, fluorescence detection method of the invention, step includes: to enable its flow into the microchannel to the sample pressurization in the sealing container;The temperature cycles of sample are realized by the temperature difference of the temperature control unit different location;Adjust the flow velocity of the sample;Detect the sample in microchannel.Present invention can apply to DNA amplification reaction detections.

Description

A kind of PCR fluorescence detection device and its detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to PCR detection technique field more particularly to a kind of PCR fluorescence detection device and its detection methods.
Background technique
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is the abbreviation of polymerase chain reaction, will using microfluidic methods It after DNA or RNA solution Macrodilution, is dispersed in miniature droplets, the RNA template number of each drop is less than or equal to one.DNA It can be denaturalized at 95 DEG C or so, two single stranded DNAs are decomposed by double-stranded DNA;It is decomposed into single-stranded DNA and is dropping to 60 DEG C When left and right, single stranded DNA can be in conjunction with primer;DNA in conjunction with primer matches under the action of archaeal dna polymerase according to base complementrity Semi-conservative replication is carried out to principle, can be obtained twice of DNA after the completion of duplication.Therefore, through excess temperature repeatedly at 95 DEG C and 60 DEG C circulation, DNA can largely be expanded, according to generate fluorescence signal drop number, nucleic acid molecules may be implemented Absolute quantitation.It can be seen that temperature cycles are the important links of PCR amplification, temperature cycles process is mostly used to have and be risen at present The Peltier of effects of reduced temperature is realized, the refrigeration and heating of heating plate may be implemented by controlling Peltier both end voltage, pass through Closed-loop control system realizes the accurate control to high-temperature region and low-temperature space temperature.Pass through the multiple height of the circulation of porous heating plate Temperature circulation realizes the rapid amplifying calculated.This method is most widely used, but needs more accurate sensor and complexity Temperature control system, higher cost and service life is limited.
In addition, needing to be accurately controlled the flow velocity of drop in reaction process, but existing continuous flowing PCR equipment It is realized using complex control system and flow rate of liquid is controlled, device structure is complicated, and operating process is cumbersome, and higher cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above problem in the prior art, proposes that a kind of structure is simple, and temperature controls convenient and fast PCR fluorescence Detection device and its detection method.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of PCR fluorescence detection device, comprising: drop formation unit, microchannel, temperature control Unit, collector unit, flow rate regulating unit and fluorescence detection unit processed;
The temperature control unit includes TEC heating sheet and thermally conductive sheet, and the microchannel is wrapped in the TEC heating sheet On, it is covered on the microchannel of the TEC heating sheet wherein on a surface and is contacted with the thermally conductive sheet, the TEC heating sheet Both ends connect DC power supply;
The other end of the microchannel is connected to one end of the collector unit, and the other end of the collector unit passes through institute It states flow rate regulating unit to be communicated with the atmosphere, for adjusting sample flow rate in microchannel, the fluorescence detection unit is set to described It is micro- between the temperature control unit and the collector unit for detecting between temperature cycles unit and the collector unit Drop in pipeline.
Further, the drop formation unit includes sealing container and pressurizing device, by the pressurizing device to close Container pressurization is sealed, after so that the sample in sealing container is formed drop, injects the microchannel.
Further, the flow rate regulating unit includes that at least one adjusts pipeline, described one end for adjusting pipeline and institute Collector unit connection is stated, the other end is communicated with the atmosphere.
Further, the fluorescence detection unit includes: light source, the exciting light optical filter, reception set gradually along optical path Optical filter and camera, the light that the light source issues are irradiated on the drop in the microchannel by the exciter filter, institute It states the drop in microchannel and is inspired fluorescence signal, the fluorescence signal is received by the camera.
Further, prepared by the mode for receiving optical filtering piece collection subregion plated film, the not same district for receiving optical filter The wavelength for the light that domain penetrates is different.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of PCR fluorescence detection method, and it is glimmering that the PCR fluorescence detection method is applied to PCR Optical detection device, comprising:
Step a, PCR fluorescence detection device pressurizes to the sample in sealing container by its pressurizing device, promotes the sample Product flow into microchannel after generating drop, wherein and the PCR fluorescence detection device includes the sealing container and the microchannel, It further include flow rate regulating unit and fluorescence detection unit;
Step b, the drop is controlled to flow in the microchannel, circulation flow through high-temperature area in the microchannel and Low-temperature region;
Step c, the flow velocity of the drop is adjusted by the flow rate regulating unit;
Step d, the drop in microchannel is detected by the fluorescence detection unit, to obtain issuing the drop of fluorescence signal Number realizes quantifying for nucleic acid molecules.
Further, the method that the drop flow velocity is adjusted in the step c includes: to be changed to adjust according to the flow velocity of drop At least one of the quantity of pipeline, the three kinds of regulative modes of length for changing the internal diameter for adjusting pipeline or changing adjusting pipeline.
Further, the detection method of drop includes: to set gradually light source, excitation along optical path in pipeline in the step d Light optical filter receives optical filter and camera;Control the light that the light source issues be irradiated to by the exciter filter it is described micro- On pipeline;Drop in the microchannel is inspired fluorescence signal, and the camera receives the fluorescence signal that the drop generates, The number for generating the drop of fluorescence signal is counted according to the number for receiving fluorescence signal.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, PCR fluorescence detection device of the invention is provided with temperature control unit, and the temperature control unit includes that TEC adds Backing and thermally conductive sheet, TEC heating sheet both ends connect DC power supply, and the microchannel is wrapped on the TEC heating sheet, covers The microchannel covered on a wherein surface for the TEC heating sheet is contacted with thermally conductive sheet, and heat distributes comparatively fast, therefore this portion The temperature divided in microchannel 2 is lower than the temperature being covered in the microchannel of the TEC heating sheet other surfaces, and the drop is in institute When stating flowing in microchannel, circulation flows through high-temperature area and low-temperature region in the microchannel, realizes temperature cycles, without precision Sensor and complicated temperature control system, temperature control unit structure is simple, and temperature control flow is easier to realize;
2, PCR fluorescence detection device of the invention is provided with flow rate regulating unit, and the flow rate regulating unit and atmosphere connect It is logical, flow velocity of the drop in microchannel can be adjusted in real time as needed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the PCR fluorescence detection device of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the reception optical filter of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the reception optical filter of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is PCR fluorescence detection method flow chart of the invention;
Wherein, 1- drop formation unit, 101- sealing container, 101a- oil phase sealing container, 101b- water phase sealing container, 102- pressurizing device, 102a- oil phase pressurizing device, 102b- water phase pressurizing device, 2- microchannel, 3- temperature control unit, 301- TEC heating sheet, 302- thermally conductive sheet, 4- collector unit, 5- flow rate regulating unit, 501- adjusting pipeline, 6- fluorescence detection unit, 601- light source, 602- exciting light optical filter, 603- receive optical filter, 604- camera.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.For this hair of thorough explanation It is bright, some specific details can be related in following description.It should be noted that word " preceding " used in the following description, " rear ", "left", "right", "up" and "down" refer to that the direction in attached drawing, word "inner" and "outside" refer respectively to direction or remote Direction from geometric center of specific component, related technical personnel are making adjustment that is simple, not needing creativeness not to above-mentioned direction The technology being interpreted as other than the application protection scope.
Referring to Fig. 1, the PCR fluorescence detection device in one embodiment of the application, comprising: drop formation unit 1, microchannel 2, temperature control unit 3, collector unit 4, flow rate regulating unit 5 and fluorescence detection unit 6;
One end of the connection microchannel 2 of the drop formation unit 1, the temperature control unit 3 are heated including TEC Piece 301 and thermally conductive sheet 302,301 both ends of TEC heating sheet connect DC power supply, and the microchannel 2 is wrapped in the TEC and adds On backing 301, the microchannel 2 for being covered on the lower surface of the TEC heating sheet 301 is contacted with thermally conductive sheet 302, and heat distributes Comparatively fast, the temperature therefore in this part microchannel 2 is lower than the temperature being covered in the microchannel 2 of 301 upper surface of TEC heating sheet Degree is the low-temperature region of the microchannel 2, and the region for being covered on the upper surface of the TEC heating sheet 301 is the microchannel 2 High-temperature area, when the drop flows in microchannel 2, circulate through the high-temperature area and low temperature in the microchannel 2 Region, realizes temperature cycles, uses TEC chip in traditional PCR instrument to realize that the method for temperature cycles is applied to TEC to change The size and Orientation of the voltage at chip both ends come make TEC chip heat up or cooling.During temperature cycles, the electricity of TEC chip Pressure is variation.And the voltage for being applied to TEC heating sheet 301 in the present embodiment is DC power supply, by close to described thermally conductive The temperature difference between the surface of piece 302 and the surface of the separate thermally conductive sheet 302 realizes temperature cycles, and structure is simpler, control It is more convenient;
The other end of the microchannel 2 is connected to one end of the collector unit 4, and the other end of the collector unit 4 is logical It crosses the flow rate regulating unit 5 to be communicated with the atmosphere, for adjusting the drop flow velocity in microchannel 2, the fluorescence detection unit 6 is set It is placed between the temperature cycles unit 3 and the collector unit 4, for detecting the temperature control unit 3 and the collection The drop in microchannel between unit 4.
Optionally, in another embodiment provided by the present application, the drop formation unit 1 includes 101 He of sealing container Pressurizing device 102 pressurizes to sealing container 101 by the pressurizing device 102, the sample in sealing container 101 is made to form liquid It is instilled into the microchannel 2.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the application, the flow rate regulating unit 5 includes that at least one adjusts pipeline 501, described one end for adjusting pipeline 501 is connected to the collector unit 4, and the other end is communicated with the atmosphere, the adjusting pipeline 501 Length be 2-5cm, internal diameter be 10~100um.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the application, the fluorescence detection unit 6 includes: to set gradually along optical path Light source 601, exciting light optical filter 602 receive optical filter 603 and camera 604, and the light that the light source 601 issues swashs by described Hair optical filter is irradiated on the microchannel 2, and the drop in the microchannel 2 is inspired fluorescence signal, and the camera 604 connects The fluorescence signal that the drop generates is received, the number for generating the drop of fluorescence signal is counted according to the number for receiving fluorescence signal Mesh.
In another embodiment of the application, the sealing container 101 of the drop formation unit 1 includes that oil mutually seals Container 101a and water phase sealing container 101b, is arranged between oil phase sealing container 101a and the water phase sealing container 101b and crosses Mouthful, the pressurizing device 102 includes oil phase pressurizing device 102a and water phase pressurizing device 102b, the oil phase pressurizing device 102a It pressurizes respectively to the oil phase sealing container 101a and water phase sealing container 101b with water phase pressurizing device 102b, makes oily phase and water The microchannel 2 is injected after mutually generating drop at the river conjunction.
Referring to Fig. 2, in another embodiment of the application, the mode for receiving optical filter 603 and taking subregion plated film Preparation, is divided equally into several fan-shaped regions according to predetermined angle for the reception optical filter 603, as shown in Figure 2.It is existing at present PCR instrument in fluorescence detecting system in, in order to cover wider exciting light and receive optical band, mostly use setting different-waveband Optical filter and different-waveband exciting light sources are received to realize, cause fluorescence detecting system bulky, structure is complicated, this implementation The reception optical filter 603 of example is prepared by the way of subregion plated film, and same tablet filter, which may be implemented, can penetrate different wave length Light, reach and receive the identical technical effect of optical filter 603 with multi-disc, and device architecture can be simplified.
Referring to Fig. 3, in another embodiment of the application, the reception optical filter 603 is divided into vertical line several Bar-shaped zone, as shown in figure 3, plated film is distinguished to different zones, the wave for the light for penetrating reception 603 different zones of optical filter It is long different.
Referring to Fig. 4, the PCR fluorescence detection method in the embodiment of the application, the PCR fluorescence detection method application In PCR fluorescence detection device, comprising:
Step a, PCR fluorescence detection device pressurizes to the sample in sealing container 101 by its pressurizing device 102, promotes The sample flows into microchannel 2 after generating drop, wherein the PCR fluorescence detection device includes the sealing container 101 and institute Microchannel 2 is stated, further includes flow rate regulating unit 5 and fluorescence detection unit 6;
Step b, it controls the drop to flow in the microchannel 2, circulation flows through the high-temperature area in the microchannel 2 And low-temperature region, to realize temperature cycles, and then make the DNA or RNA amplification in the drop;
Step c, by adjusting the flow velocity of drop described in the length adjustment for adjusting pipeline 501, drop flow velocity is adjusted If method includes: that the drop flow velocity in microchannel 2 is too fast, the longer adjusting pipeline 501 of length can be replaced, droplet flow is made Slow down;, whereas if the drop flow velocity in microchannel 2 is excessively slow, it can reduce the length for adjusting pipeline 501, add droplet flow Fastly;Step d, light source 601 is set gradually along optical path, exciting light optical filter 602, receive optical filter 603 and camera 604;Control institute The light for stating the sending of light source 601 is irradiated on the microchannel 2 by the exciter filter;Drop quilt in the microchannel 2 Fluorescence signal is inspired, the fluorescence signal is received by the camera 604, and the number of fluorescence signal is received according to the camera The number for issuing the drop of fluorescence signal is counted, realizes quantifying for nucleic acid molecules.
It should be noted that the execution sequence of the step c and step b and step d is without limitation, this field skill Art personnel can adjust the sequence that executes of above-mentioned steps according to actual needs, and the step c can according to need and repeat.
Optionally, it in another embodiment provided by the present application, is adjusted by changing the internal diameter for adjusting pipeline 501 It is smaller can to replace internal diameter if the method for adjusting drop flow velocity includes: that drop flow velocity in microchannel 2 is too fast for drop flow velocity Pipeline 501 is adjusted, droplet flow is slowed down;, whereas if the drop flow velocity in microchannel 2 is excessively slow, it is larger internal diameter can be replaced Pipeline 501 is adjusted, droplet flow is accelerated;
Optionally, it in another embodiment provided by the present application, is adjusted by changing the quantity for adjusting pipeline 501 Drop flow velocity can increase if the method for adjusting flow velocity includes: that drop flow velocity in microchannel 2 is excessively slow and adjust pipeline 501 Number accelerates droplet flow, whereas if the drop flow velocity in microchannel 2 is too fast, it is possible to reduce adjusts of pipeline 501 Number, slows down droplet flow.
Optionally, in another embodiment provided by the present application, by change simultaneously it is described adjust pipeline 501 internal diameter and The length for adjusting pipeline 501 adjusts drop flow velocity, if the method for adjusting flow velocity includes: the drop stream in microchannel 2 Speed is excessively slow, can replace that internal diameter is bigger, and the shorter adjusting pipeline 501 of length accelerates droplet flow, whereas if microchannel 2 Interior drop flow velocity is too fast, and it is smaller to replace internal diameter, the longer adjusting pipeline 501 of length.
Although not each embodiment only includes an independence it should be appreciated that the present invention is described according to embodiment Technical solution, this narrating mode of specification only for clarity, those skilled in the art should using specification as One entirety, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, formed it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that its His embodiment.
It should be noted that above embodiments are only used for illustrating technical solution of the present invention, it is not used to limit this The protection scope of invention, it is all without departing from equivalent embodiment made by technical spirit of the present invention or change should be included in it is of the invention Within protection scope.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of PCR fluorescence detection device characterized by comprising drop formation unit, microchannel, temperature control unit, receipts Collect unit, flow rate regulating unit and fluorescence detection unit;
One end of the connection microchannel of the drop formation unit, the temperature control unit include TEC heating sheet and lead Backing, the microchannel are wrapped on the TEC heating sheet, and it is wherein described micro- on a surface to be covered on the TEC heating sheet Pipeline is contacted with the thermally conductive sheet, and TEC heating sheet both ends connect DC power supply;
The other end of the microchannel is connected to one end of the collector unit, and the other end of the collector unit passes through the stream Velocity modulation section unit is communicated with the atmosphere, and for adjusting sample flow rate in microchannel, the fluorescence detection unit is set to the temperature Between cycling element and the collector unit, for detecting the microchannel between the temperature control unit and the collector unit The fluorescence signal that interior drop issues obtains the drop number for generating fluorescence signal.
2. PCR fluorescence detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drop formation unit includes sealing Container and pressurizing device pressurize to sealing container by the pressurizing device, after so that the sample in sealing container is formed drop, note Enter the microchannel.
3. PCR fluorescence detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flow rate regulating unit includes at least One adjusting pipeline, described one end for adjusting pipeline are connected to the collector unit, and the other end is communicated with the atmosphere.
4. PCR fluorescence detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fluorescence detection unit includes: along light Light source, exciting light optical filter, reception optical filter and the camera that road is set gradually, the light that the light source issues are filtered by the excitation The drop that mating plate is irradiated on the drop in the microchannel, in the microchannel is inspired fluorescence signal, the fluorescence letter It number is received by the camera.
5. PCR fluorescence detection device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the reception optical filtering piece collection subregion plating Prepared by the mode of film, the wavelength for the light that the different zones for receiving optical filter penetrate is different.
6. a kind of PCR fluorescence detection method, which is characterized in that the PCR fluorescence detection method is filled applied to PCR fluorescence detection It sets, comprising:
Step a, PCR fluorescence detection device pressurizes to the sample in sealing container by its pressurizing device, promotes the sample raw At flowing into microchannel after drop, wherein the PCR fluorescence detection device includes the sealing container and the microchannel, is also wrapped Include flow rate regulating unit and fluorescence detection unit;
Step b, it controls the drop to flow in the microchannel, circulation flows through high-temperature area and low temperature in the microchannel Region;
Step c, the flow velocity of the drop is adjusted by the flow rate regulating unit;
Step d, the drop in microchannel is detected by the fluorescence detection unit, to obtain issuing the number of drops of fluorescence signal Mesh realizes quantifying for nucleic acid molecules.
7. PCR fluorescence detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that adjust the drop stream in the step c The method of speed includes: to be changed to adjust the quantity of pipeline, change the internal diameter for adjusting pipeline or change regulation pipe according to the flow velocity of drop At least one of three kinds of regulative modes of length in road.
8. PCR fluorescence detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the step d in pipeline drop inspection Survey method includes: to set gradually light source along optical path, exciting light optical filter, receive optical filter and camera;The light source is controlled to issue Light be irradiated on the microchannel by the exciter filter;Drop in the microchannel is inspired fluorescence signal, The camera receives the fluorescence signal that the drop generates, and counts generation fluorescence signal according to the number for receiving fluorescence signal Drop number.
CN201811151169.1A 2018-09-29 2018-09-29 A kind of PCR fluorescence detection device and its detection method Pending CN110305785A (en)

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Application publication date: 20191008