CN110304978A - Strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110304978A CN110304978A CN201910734485.XA CN201910734485A CN110304978A CN 110304978 A CN110304978 A CN 110304978A CN 201910734485 A CN201910734485 A CN 201910734485A CN 110304978 A CN110304978 A CN 110304978A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/001—Fillers, gelling and thickening agents (e.g. fibres), absorbents for nitroglycerine
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive and preparation method thereof, belongs to Composite Energetic Materials technical field.Explosive of the present invention is prepared by macromolecule binding material polyureas, energetic material, the explosive property improver centainly matched.Explosive of the present invention be by introducing novel binders bi-component long response time polyureas, it is effectively compound to the progress such as high explosive, thus significantly improve containing can compound mechanical property, while solving the problems, such as that existing high energy binary explosive adhesive force is low and acoustic impedance is high.Strong mechanical performance plastic bonded explosive of the invention improves the bond strength between Explosives and between explosive and surrounding splendid attire material, and the mechanical property of the compound containing energy is improved and the raising of powder charge comprehensive performance has important application value.In addition, explosive of the present invention is prepared at normal temperature, no waste water, waste liquid and exhaust gas etc. are generated, and have many advantages, such as safety and environmental protection, simple process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Composite Energetic Materials technical field, specifically a kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR is high polymer cemented fried
Medicine and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Binder used in plastic bonded explosive is usually organic polymer, as adhesion component master when for binary explosive
Cementation is played, deterrent and explosive carrier can also be played.
There are many binder type of traditional plastic bonded explosive, can substantially be divided into three classes by compound structure: hydrocarbon
Type, carbon fluorine-type and the type containing energy.(1) hydrocarbon type binder includes vinyl addition polymer such as polyisobutene, polystyrene, polyacrylic acid
Vinegar class；Polyvinyl alcohol and its acetal；Poly- phthalein amine and linear polyesters etc..In addition, there are also thermosetting resins, such as unsaturated polyester (UP) tree
Rouge, epoxy resin, phenolic resin etc..The main problem of these binders be them for vibration, impact and it is other it is all so
The stimulation of class is more sensitive, this is because caused by the mechanical properties such as hard, crisp, crisp of polymer itself.Gather the sixties in last century
Urethane obtains being in rubbery state using the PBX of, preparation as the binder of RDX and HMX, insensitive to impacting, and well solves
The problem of PBX brittleness.Thermoplastic polyurethane is replacing oneself binder side into explosive formulation due to its excellent comprehensive performance
Face, it is receive more and more attention.(2) fluorinated copolymer F2314, F2311, F2603 etc. belongs to carbon fluorine-type, main excellent
Point is thermostability with higher, chemical stability, but synthesize it is difficult, it is expensive, and while coating is easy unsticking, it is main to use
In to heat-resisting and more demanding stability device.(3) type containing energy is mainly the high polymer containing nitro, itself contains energy,
But thermostability, chemical stability and poor compatibility, sensitivity are higher.
It in summary it can be seen and high polymer binary explosive performance is limited using the explosive mechanical property of conventional binders preparation
Performance, adhesive force of these the especially above-mentioned binders in conjunction with matrix extraneous HI high impact effect under still be apparent not enough.Using
The acoustic impedance of traditional binder material preparation is higher, under extraneous shock wave, is easy to receive extraneous incoming rush
Energy is hit, the difficulty of its Impact Initiation is reduced, affects its safety in utilization.In addition in macromolecule binding explosive production process
In, the environmental and safety problems such as waste water, exhaust gas, waste liquid and complex process are remained in most cases.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is low to provide a kind of strong mechanical performance
Impedance plastic bonded explosive, for improving the mechanical property of compound containing energy and the powder charge comprehensive performance of raising.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive is made of each raw material of following parts by weight: macromolecule bonding
15 ~ 60 parts by weight of material polyureas, 40 ~ 85 parts by weight of energetic material, 0 ~ 5 parts by weight of explosive property improver；Wherein, macromolecule is viscous
Material based on knot material polyureas and energetic material, explosive property improver are auxiliary material.
In the present invention, using macromolecule binding material bi-component long response time polyureas as high polymer binder, bi-component is slow
Reaction polyureas is that have urea bond by what isocyanate component and curing agent (MOCA, MDBA, poly-aspartate rouge etc.) reaction obtained
Macromolecule polyalcohol, do not need catalyst or heating carry out fast reaction, material solid content is high, is free of volatile organic compound
Object, reaction are relatively slow.Simultaneously because urea bond intensity is larger, and highly stable, with high ductibility, excellent corrosion-resistant and good
Mechanical performance is easily adsorbed in ambient enviroment material, adhesive force with higher.In addition, there are a large amount of urea bond in polyureas molecule,
Institute's hydrogen atoms can form coordination with nitroxide a large amount of in explosive molecules, can make high polymer cemented dose and explosive crystal
It combines closely, to dramatically increase the adhesive property with explosive.Energetic material can choose any kind of high explosive.In order to
So being aided with explosive property improver, such as the sensitivity for reducing explosive, a small amount of drop can be added in the performance for improving explosive and powder charge
High energy additive can be added, such as in order to prepare containing for different colours such as the quick-fried heat and acting ability that increase explosive by feeling agent
Energy compound, can be added a little pigment.The additive amount of above-mentioned explosive property improver is no more than 5%.
Energetic material is simple substance high explosive as a preferred technical solution,.Since simple substance high explosive contains nitro, according to acid
Alkali coordination theory is conducive to interact with polyureas to form stronger Acid-base pairing interaction, and using effect is more.
Simple substance high explosive is RDX(hexogen as a preferred technical solution), HMX(octogen), one in CL-20
Kind or arbitrary proportion mix several.
Explosive property improver is in drop sense agent, high energy additive, plasticizer, pigment as a preferred technical solution,
A kind of or arbitrary proportion mixes several.
Drop sense agent is using graphite-like deterrent or wax class drop sense agent as a preferred technical solution,.
Graphite-like deterrent uses aquadag, graphene, fluorographite as a preferred technical solution,；Wax class drop sense
Agent uses paraffin.
High energy additive uses metal powder or metal hydride powder as a preferred technical solution,.
Metal powder uses magnesium powder, aluminium powder, titanium valve as a preferred technical solution,；Metal hydride powder is using hydrogenation
Magnesium powder, hydride powder.
Plasticizer uses DOA(dioctyl adipate as a preferred technical solution) or DOS(dioctyl sebacate).
Further, the present invention also provides above-mentioned strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosives to obtain preparation method,
Include the following steps:
1) energetic material and explosive property improver for taking predetermined weight number, pour into container, are uniformly mixed；
2) its component A, is first added in container, is uniformly mixed by the macromolecule binding material polyureas for taking predetermined weight number
Afterwards, then its component R is added in container again, continues to be uniformly mixed；
3) mixture is poured in device or being applied to device surface, it is low that the strong mechanical performance is obtained after normal temperature cure
Impedance plastic bonded explosive.
In the above method, the component A of macromolecule binding material polyureas is isocyanates, and component R is curing agent, and curing agent is
The chloro- 4,4'- diaminodiphenyl-methane of MOCA(3,3'- bis-), the bis- Zhong Ding aminodiphenylmethanes of MDBA(4,4 ' -) or poly- asparagus fern
Propylhomoserin rouge.
Compared with existing macromolecule binding explosive, strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive of the present invention is by drawing
Enter novel binders bi-component long response time polyureas, it is effectively compound to the progress such as high explosive, to significantly improve compound containing energy
The mechanical property of object, while solving the problems, such as that existing high energy binary explosive adhesive force is low and acoustic impedance is high.High mechanics of the invention
Performance plastic bonded explosive improves the bond strength between Explosives and between explosive and surrounding splendid attire material, for
The mechanical property of the compound containing energy improves and the raising of powder charge comprehensive performance has important application value.The high mechanics of the present invention
Performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive can obtain 1.2 ~ 1.6 g/cm of density during the preparation process by adjusting different ratios3、
Velocity of sound 1100m/s ~ 2500m/s, acoustic impedance are low, the adjustable explosive of power, which can meet the use under the conditions of high speed impact
It is required that.In addition, strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive of the present invention is prepared at normal temperature, no waste water, waste liquid and exhaust gas
Deng generation, have many advantages, such as safety and environmental protection, simple process.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive is made of each raw material of following parts by weight: macromolecule bonding
60 parts by weight of material polyureas, 40 parts by weight of energetic material, 0.3 parts by weight of explosive property improver；Wherein, macromolecule binding material
Polyureas includes 40 parts by weight of isocyanates of component A, 20 parts by weight of poly-aspartate rouge of component R；Energetic material uses HMX
(octogen)；Explosive property improver uses aquadag.
The preparation method of above-mentioned strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive, includes the following steps:
1) at room temperature, the HMX of 40 parts by weight is put into container, then the aquadag of 0.3 parts by weight is added into container, with wood
Shovel is uniformly mixed, and HMX is passivated；
2) the component A isocyanates of 40 parts by weight is added into container, is uniformly mixed with copper rod, then again by 20 parts by weight
Component R poly-aspartate rouge be added in container, continue to be uniformly mixed with copper rod；
3) the 45# steel box of sandblasting is dried, pours into mixture, pours into the tablet with a thickness of 5mm, obtained after normal temperature cure
The strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive.
It is tested for the property after above-mentioned binary explosive is safeguarded 3 days.Test result shows compound made of the formula
The velocity of sound of explosive is 1100m/s, and binary explosive density is about 1.2g/cm3.In-site measurement is carried out using method of pulling open, with 45# steel
The adhesive force of box matrix is up to 38.5MPa.The explosive has the lower velocity of sound, higher adhesive force, function admirable.
Embodiment 2
A kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive is made of each raw material of following parts by weight: macromolecule bonding
20 parts by weight of material polyureas, 75 parts by weight of energetic material, 3 parts by weight of explosive property improver；Wherein, macromolecule binding material is poly-
Urea includes 12 parts by weight of isocyanates of component A, 8 parts by weight of MOCA of component R；Energetic material uses RDX(hexogen)；It is fried
Medicine performance improving agent uses paraffin.
The preparation method of above-mentioned strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive, includes the following steps:
1) at room temperature, the RDX of 75 parts by weight is put into container, then the paraffin of 3 parts by weight is added into container, with wood shovel stirring
It is uniformly mixed, RDX is passivated；
2) isocyanates of the component A of 12 parts by weight is added into container, is uniformly mixed with copper rod, then again by 8 weight
The MOCA of the component R of part is added in container, continues to be uniformly mixed with copper rod；
3) the 45# punching block of sandblasting is dried, pours into mixture, pours into the medicine of the tablet and φ 20mm × 20mm with a thickness of 5mm
Column obtains the strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive after normal temperature cure.
It is tested for the property after above-mentioned binary explosive is safeguarded 3 days.Test result shows compound made of the formula
The velocity of sound of explosive is 2220m/s, and binary explosive density is about 1.6g/cm3.In-site measurement is carried out using method of pulling open, with 45#
The adhesive force of steel matrix is up to 10.8MPa.The compressed rupture strength of powder column is 20.4MPa, and compression failure strain is 3.05%.Tool
There are the lower velocity of sound, higher adhesive force and compression strength, good mechanical performance.
Embodiment 3
A kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive is made of each raw material of following parts by weight: macromolecule bonding
15 parts by weight of material polyureas, 60 parts by weight of energetic material, 1.5 parts by weight of explosive property improver；Wherein, macromolecule binding material
Polyureas includes 10 parts by weight of isocyanates of component A, 5 parts by weight of MDBA of component R；Energetic material uses CL-20；Explosive
Energy improver uses graphene and DOA.
The preparation method of above-mentioned strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive, includes the following steps:
1) at room temperature, the CL-20 of 60 parts by weight is put into container, then the graphene and 0.5 weight of 1 parts by weight are added into container
The DOA for measuring part is uniformly mixed with wood shovel, CL-20 is passivated；
2) isocyanates of the component A of 10 parts by weight is added into container, is uniformly mixed with copper rod, then again by 5 weight
The MDBA of the component R of part is added in container, continues to be uniformly mixed with copper rod；
3) the 45# steel box of sandblasting is dried, pours into mixture, pours into the tablet with a thickness of 5mm, obtained after normal temperature cure
The strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive.
It is tested for the property after above-mentioned binary explosive is safeguarded 3 days.Test result shows compound made of the formula
The velocity of sound of explosive is 2500m/s, and binary explosive density is about 1.53g/cm3.The explosive has the lower velocity of sound, higher attachment
Power, function admirable.
Embodiment 4
A kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive is made of each raw material of following parts by weight: macromolecule bonding
38 parts by weight of material polyureas, 85 parts by weight of energetic material, 5 parts by weight of explosive property improver；Wherein, macromolecule binding material is poly-
Urea includes 23 parts by weight of isocyanates of component A, 15 parts by weight of MOCA of component R；Energetic material uses HMX；Explosive property changes
Kind agent uses graphite oxide and aluminium powder.
The preparation method of above-mentioned strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive, includes the following steps:
1) at room temperature, the HMX of 85 parts by weight is put into container, then the graphite oxide and 3 weight of 2 parts by weight are added into container
The aluminium powder of part is uniformly mixed with wood shovel, HMX is passivated；
2) isocyanates of the component A of 23 parts by weight is added into container, is uniformly mixed with copper rod, then again by 15 weight
The MOCA of the component R of part is added in container, continues to be uniformly mixed with copper rod；
3) the 45# steel box of sandblasting is dried, pours into mixture, pours into the tablet with a thickness of 5mm, obtained after normal temperature cure
The strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive.
It is tested for the property after above-mentioned binary explosive is safeguarded 3 days.Test result shows compound made of the formula
The velocity of sound of explosive is 2150m/s, and binary explosive density is about 1.5g/cm3.The explosive has the lower velocity of sound, higher attachment
Power, function admirable.
Embodiment 5
A kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive is made of each raw material of following parts by weight: macromolecule bonding
30 parts by weight of material polyureas, 50 parts by weight of energetic material；Wherein, macromolecule binding material polyureas includes the isocyanates of component A
20 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of poly-aspartate rouge of component R；Energetic material uses RDX.
The preparation method of above-mentioned strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive, includes the following steps:
1) at room temperature, the RDX of 50 parts by weight is put into container, is uniformly mixed with wood shovel；
2) isocyanates of the component A of 20 parts by weight is added into container, is uniformly mixed with copper rod, then again by 10 weight
The poly-aspartate rouge of the component R of part is added in container, continues to be uniformly mixed with copper rod；
3) the 45# steel box of sandblasting is dried, pours into mixture, pours into the tablet with a thickness of 5mm, obtained after normal temperature cure
The strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive.
It is tested for the property after above-mentioned binary explosive is safeguarded 3 days.Test result shows compound made of the formula
The velocity of sound of explosive is 1560m/s, and binary explosive density is about 1.3g/cm3.The explosive has the lower velocity of sound, higher attachment
Power, function admirable.
Above description is only used as the preferable embodiment of the present invention, and embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation.It should be understood that those skilled in the art can be designed that many other modification and implementations, these modifications and
Embodiment is all fallen within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive, which is characterized in that by each raw material system of following parts by weight
At: 15 ~ 60 parts by weight of macromolecule binding material polyureas, 40 ~ 85 parts by weight of energetic material, 0 ~ 5 parts by weight of explosive property improver.
2. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: energetic material is
Simple substance high explosive.
3. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: simple substance high explosive
It is mixed for one of RDX, HMX, CL-20 or arbitrary proportion several.
4. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: explosive property changes
Kind agent be one of drop sense agent, high energy additive, plasticizer, pigment or arbitrary proportion mix it is several.
5. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: drop sense agent uses
Graphite-like deterrent or wax class drop sense agent.
6. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: graphite-like insensitiveness
Agent uses aquadag, graphene, fluorographite；Wax class drop sense agent uses paraffin.
7. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: high energy additive
Using metal powder or metal hydride powder.
8. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: metal powder is adopted
With magnesium powder, aluminium powder, titanium valve；Metal hydride powder is using hydrogenation magnesium powder, hydride powder.
9. strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: plasticizer uses
DOA or DOS.
10. any strong mechanical performance Low ESR plastic bonded explosive of claim 1-9 obtains preparation method, feature exists
In including the following steps:
1) energetic material and explosive property improver for taking predetermined weight number, pour into container, are uniformly mixed；
2) its component A, is first added in container, is uniformly mixed by the macromolecule binding material polyureas for taking predetermined weight number
Afterwards, then its component R is added in container again, continues to be uniformly mixed；
3) mixture is poured in device or being applied to device surface, it is low that the strong mechanical performance is obtained after normal temperature cure
Impedance plastic bonded explosive.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111039733A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-21 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Polymer-based fused explosive |
| CN113429247A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-24 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Casting-molded detachable epoxy plastic bonded explosive |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113429247A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-24 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Casting-molded detachable epoxy plastic bonded explosive |
| CN113429247B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-04-05 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Casting-molded detachable epoxy plastic bonded explosive |
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