CN110303566B - Wood product forming equipment and method - Google Patents
Wood product forming equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110303566B CN110303566B CN201910591876.0A CN201910591876A CN110303566B CN 110303566 B CN110303566 B CN 110303566B CN 201910591876 A CN201910591876 A CN 201910591876A CN 110303566 B CN110303566 B CN 110303566B
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 and has low density Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical class O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/02—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/0004—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins characterised by the movement of the embossing tool(s), or the movement of the work, during the embossing operation
- B44B5/0019—Rectilinearly moving embossing tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/0052—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins by pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/009—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins by multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/02—Dies; Accessories
- B44B5/028—Heated dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a wood product forming device and a method, and the device comprises: the press machine comprises a first upper press plate and a first lower press plate; a high-frequency heating apparatus including a high-frequency generating device; the two insulation plates are arranged, one side of each insulation plate is arranged on the inner side of the first upper pressing plate and the inner side of the first lower pressing plate respectively, the positive plate and the negative plate are arranged on one side of the insulation plates respectively, one side of the positive plate and one side of the negative plate are arranged on the other side of the insulation plates respectively, and the positive plate and the negative plate are connected with the high-frequency heating equipment respectively; the molds are respectively arranged on the other side of the positive plate and the other side of the negative plate; prevent touching mechanism, prevent touching mechanism and be used for preventing the last mould and the bed die contact of mould, pressurize, heat for wooden product through setting up press and high frequency heating equipment, reduce the possibility that wooden product takes place deformation in the use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wood processing equipment, in particular to wood product forming equipment.
Background
Wood is a porous biological material, and has low density, soft material and poor stability. Therefore, in order to improve the usability of wood, the invention discloses a method for softening and pressing wood into compressed wood, so that the surface physical properties of the wood are improved, the strength performance of the wood is improved, and the decoration and the processability are improved. In addition, wood is inherently heterogeneous, and is subjected to densification treatment to make the material uniform, which makes it easier to cut, engrave, finely machine, and finish. Further investigations were carried out in Structural organization of the cell wall polymers in compression of improved obtained by FTIR microspectrophy, Hui Peng, et al, Planta (2019)250: 163-.
Currently, large pieces of wood are directly compressed and then cut into smaller pieces of wood for further processing into the desired finished product. However, the surface and inside temperature of the wood are different during heating, and the stress on the surface and inside of the wood is greatly different during pressurization, so that the performance of each part of the compressed wood is different (the surface performance is better, the performance of the wood inside and inside is poorer), and each compressed wood has certain deformation in the use process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wood product forming device which is used for pressurizing and heating a wood product by arranging a press and a high-frequency heating device and reducing the possibility of deformation of the wood product in the using process.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wood product molding apparatus, including:
the press machine comprises a first upper press plate and a first lower press plate;
a high-frequency heating apparatus including a high-frequency generating device;
two insulating plates are arranged, one side of each insulating plate is respectively arranged at the inner sides of the first upper pressing plate and the first lower pressing plate,
the high-frequency heating device comprises a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein one side of the positive plate and one side of the negative plate are respectively arranged on the other side of the insulating plate, and the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively connected with the high-frequency heating device;
the molds are respectively arranged on the other side of the positive plate and the other side of the negative plate;
and the anti-touch mechanism is used for preventing the upper die of the die from contacting with the lower die.
Preferably, the touch preventing mechanism is made of insulating materials and is arranged between the upper die and the lower die of the die.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a steam heating apparatus, the steam heating apparatus comprising:
a steam generator, which can generate steam with certain temperature and pressure,
a tank into which the steam generator may deliver the generated steam,
a control system for controlling the temperature and pressure of the steam output by the steam generator;
a hydraulic power unit, the hydraulic power unit comprising:
a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic pump,
a hydraulic control system that controls a hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump;
the molding apparatus further includes:
the fixing plate is arranged in the tank body;
the second upper pressing plate is arranged on the fixing plate in parallel and is connected with the fixing plate through a fixing rod;
the second lower pressing plate is arranged between the fixed plate and the second upper pressing plate in parallel;
the hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on the fixed plate, push rods of the hydraulic cylinders are connected with the second lower pressing plate and can push the second lower pressing plate to move between the second upper pressing plate and the fixed plate, the hydraulic cylinders are connected with the hydraulic pump station through the electromagnetic valves, and the hydraulic pump station can control the movement direction of the push rods of the hydraulic cylinders by controlling the electromagnetic valves;
and the mould is arranged on the second upper pressing plate and the second lower pressing plate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the detection device is used for detecting the formed wooden product and is arranged on one side of the press;
the detection device includes:
the detection module is used for detecting deformation of the formed wooden product to obtain a corresponding deformation detection result;
the measuring module is used for measuring the compression performance of the formed wooden product to obtain a corresponding compression measuring result;
the control module is used for judging whether the deformation detection result is matched with a pre-stored wooden deformation database or not according to the deformation detection result of the formed wooden product obtained by the detection module, judging whether the compression detection result is matched with the pre-stored wooden compression database or not according to the compression detection result of the formed wooden product obtained by the detection module, judging that the formed wooden product is qualified if the deformation detection result is matched with the pre-stored wooden deformation database and the compression detection result is matched with the pre-stored wooden compression database, and controlling a first conveyor belt to convey the qualified formed wooden product to a first channel;
otherwise, judging that the formed wooden product is unqualified, controlling a second conveyor belt to convey the unqualified formed wooden product to a second channel, and sending a first alarm instruction to an alarm module;
and the alarm module is used for executing corresponding first alarm operation according to the first alarm instruction sent by the control module.
Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity of the mold is provided with a pattern, and the pattern can be a female pattern or a male pattern.
Preferably, the detection device further comprises: a depth detection module for detecting the depth of the image,
depth detection module is qualified in to first passageway fashioned woodwork carries out the secondary and detects to ensure that woodwork surface and interior atress ability equals just woodwork deformation is balanced, wherein to the woodwork carries out the concrete step as follows that the depth detected:
s1001, acquiring a deformation detection result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wooden product by using the detection module, saving the deformation detection result as a vector Q1, acquiring a compression measurement result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wooden product by using the measurement module, saving the compression measurement result as a vector Q2, and adding a vector Q2 below the vector Q1 to form a surface matrix X1, wherein the X1 comprises 2 rows and 10 columns, the first row represents a value of the deformation detection result, and the second row represents a value of the compression measurement result;
s1002, acquiring a deformation detection result of any 10 positions in the wood product by using the detection module, storing the deformation detection result as a vector Q3, acquiring a compression measurement result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wood product by using the measurement module, storing the compression measurement result as a vector Q4, and adding a vector Q4 below the vector Q3 to form a surface matrix X2, wherein the X2 comprises 2 rows and 10 columns, the first row represents a value of the deformation detection result, and the second row represents a value of the compression measurement result;
s1003, respectively carrying out secondary inspection on the values of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using a formula (1);
wherein,
S1j、S2jas an intermediate parameter, X1j,iIs the value of the ith column of the jth row of the matrix X1, X2j,iIs the value of the ith column of the jth row of the matrix X2, QXjIs the jth secondary test result, i is 1, 2, 3 … … 10, j is 1, 2, if QX is presentjIf the wood product passes the second inspection, controlling a second conveyor belt to convey the wood product to a second channel and sending a second alarm instruction to an alarm module; if all QXjIf less than 3.02, continue to step S1004;
s1004, carrying out balance degree check on the values of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using a formula (2);
t1jthe equality test value for the j-th row of matrix X1, t1jFor the equalization check value of the j-th row of matrix X2,
is a median value, said if t1jOr t1jIf the balance degree is less than-1.33, the balance degree is unqualified, the second conveyor belt is controlled to convey the wooden product to the second channel, and a third alarm instruction is sent to the alarm module; if t1jAnd t1jIf both are greater than-1.33, continue to step S1005;
s1005, calculating the difference degree of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using the formula (3);
if CY is not less than 2.16, the difference degree inspection is not passed, the second conveyor belt is controlled to convey the wooden products to the second channel, and a fourth alarm instruction is sent to the alarm module; if CY <2.16, the inspection passes, and the wood product passes the secondary inspection.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for forming a wooden product by using a forming device, which comprises the following steps:
s1 Wood pretreatment step: processing the wood into a blank, and enabling the moisture content of the blank to be 15-40%;
s2 preheating treatment of blank: placing the blank obtained in the step S1 into a mold, and applying 2kg/cm2To 10kg/cm2Fixing the blank under pressure and heating to make the temperature of the blank reach 85-180 ℃;
s3 blank compression step: heating the blank to 85-180 ℃ by the step of S2, and then applying 30kg/cm2To 100kg/cm2Compressing the blank under the pressure;
s4 shaping step of blank: maintaining the pressure of the step S3, and heating the blank to 180 ℃ to 210 ℃ for 3 minutes to 20 minutes;
s5 blank cooling: maintaining the pressure of the step S3, cooling the blank processed by the step S4 to reduce the temperature of the blank to be below 60 ℃, taking out the blank from the die, and grinding the blank to obtain a finished product;
s6, curing of the finished product: and storing the finished product in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of 10-40%.
Preferably, the heating is high-frequency heating;
the high-frequency heating working frequency is 6.78 Mhz;
or
The heating is carried out by adopting high-temperature and high-pressure steam;
the high temperature and high pressure steam heating uses saturated steam having a pressure of 0.5Mpa to 2.0Mpa and a temperature of 150 to 210 ℃ in steps S2 and S3;
the high temperature and high pressure steam heating uses saturated steam having a pressure of 1.0Mpa to 2.0Mpa and a temperature of 180 to 210 ℃ in step S4.
Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity of the mold is provided with a pattern, and the pattern can be a female pattern or a male pattern.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wood product molding apparatus using high-frequency heating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a wood product forming apparatus using high temperature and high pressure steam heating in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a wood product forming apparatus using high temperature and high pressure steam heating in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mold used in an apparatus for forming a wood product according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional electron microscope image of the wood before compression;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional electron microscope image of the compressed wood;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a press machine; 1-1, pushing a push rod of a press; 2. a first upper platen; 3. a first lower platen; 4. a high-frequency heating device; 5. an insulating plate; 6. a positive plate; 7. a negative plate; 8. an upper die; 9. a lower die; 10. a touch prevention mechanism; 11. a steam generator; 12. a tank body; 13. a hydraulic pump station; 14. a fixing plate; 15. a second upper platen; 16. fixing the rod; 17. a second lower platen; 18. a hydraulic cylinder; 19. a hydraulic cylinder push rod; 20. a blank; 21. a mold cavity; 71. a detection module; 72. a measurement module; 73. a control module; 74. a first conveyor belt; 75. an alarm module; 76 second drive belt.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wood product molding apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, including:
the press machine 1 comprises a first upper press plate 2 and a first lower press plate 3;
a high-frequency heating apparatus 4 including a high-frequency generating device;
two insulating plates 5 are arranged, one side of each insulating plate 5 is arranged on the inner side of the first upper pressing plate 2 and the inner side of the first lower pressing plate 3 respectively, and the insulating plates are used for preventing the press from being electrified by high-frequency heating equipment;
a positive plate 6 and a negative plate 7, wherein one side of the positive plate 6 and one side of the negative plate 7 are respectively arranged at the other side of the insulating plate 5, and the positive plate 6 and the negative plate 7 are respectively connected with the high-frequency heating device 4;
the molds are respectively arranged on the other side of the positive plate 6 and the other side of the negative plate 7 and are used for forming products;
the anti-touch mechanism 10 is used for preventing an upper die and a lower die of the die from contacting, so that the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are prevented from being conducted and dangerous;
wherein, can process the wooden article through using the former in embodiment one, obtain fashioned wooden article, the step of processing and shaping wooden article can be implemented as:
processing wood into a blank 20, wherein the blank 20 is the wood processed into the wood with each dimension slightly larger than a finished product, and the moisture content of the blank is 20-30%;
the resulting blank 20 is placed in a mould cavity 21 and the press 1 is started to apply 5kg/cm2Fixing the blank 20 by the pressure of the high-frequency heating device 4, and heating the blank 20 by the high-frequency heating device 4 to enable the temperature of the blank 20 to reach 150 ℃;
heating the blank 20 obtained in the previous step to 150 deg.C under a pressure of 60kg/cm2Pressing to compress the blank;
maintaining the pressure of the previous step, heating the blank 20 to 200 ℃ and maintaining for 15 minutes;
keeping the pressure of the previous step, cooling the blank 20, taking out the blank from a die cavity 21 of a die after the temperature of the blank is reduced to be below 60 ℃, and performing simple polishing and sanding treatment to obtain a finished product; the obtained finished product is stored in an environment with the temperature of 20-30 ℃ and the humidity of 10-30%.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: according to the technical scheme, firstly, wood is processed into blanks of which the dimensions are slightly larger than those of finished products; then, heating and applying certain pressure to soften the blank and prevent the blank from deforming; then, continuously heating and pressurizing, and further compressing the blank to obtain the shape of a finished product; then, keeping the pressure unchanged, and further heating to ensure that the blank fully releases internal stress at high temperature and high pressure, so that the compression deformation of the blank is fixed; then, cooling and taking out; then, the glass is placed under proper temperature and humidity, so that a little residual internal stress is released, and deformation in the future use process is prevented.
The advantages are that: the surface of the blank contacted with the die is higher in smoothness, and the surface of the blank is the surface of a finished product only by simple grinding and sanding treatment; the finished product has high surface density, so the product is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, has insect-proof effect, long service life, no need of painting, environmental protection and natural taste; because the blank is processed into the blank and then directly formed into the finished product, and the blank is generally not large, the heating and the pressurizing of each part of the blank are more uniform, the performance is better than that of the product processed by cutting the massive compressed wood, the performance of each part is more uniform, and the product has stable performance and is not easy to deform or crack. The technical scheme adopts high-frequency heating, which is beneficial to more convenient and uniform heating.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the possibility of deformation of the wooden products in the using process is reduced by arranging the press and the high-frequency heating equipment to pressurize and heat the wooden products.
In the first embodiment, the high-frequency heating operation frequency is 6.78 Mhz.
This embodiment provides a heating frequency for high-frequency heating, with which the heating of the blank is better.
In the first embodiment, the inner wall of the cavity 21 of the mold is provided with a pattern, and the pattern is a negative pattern.
Through being provided with the reentrant intaglio at mould die cavity inner wall for when compressing the stock, the bellied decorative pattern of stroke on the stock then has the pattern that plays beautification effect and practical function on the finished product.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wood product forming apparatus, as shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4, including:
a steam heating apparatus 11, the steam heating apparatus 11 comprising:
a steam generator, which can generate steam with certain temperature and pressure,
a tank 12 into which the steam generator can deliver the generated steam,
a control system for controlling the temperature and pressure of the steam output by the steam generator;
a hydraulic power unit 13, the hydraulic power unit comprising:
a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic pump,
a hydraulic control system that controls a hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump;
a fixing plate 14, wherein the fixing plate 14 is arranged in the tank 12;
the second upper pressing plate 15 is arranged above the fixing plate 14 in parallel and is connected with the fixing plate 14 through a fixing rod 16;
a second lower pressing plate 17, wherein the second lower pressing plate 17 is arranged between the fixing plate 14 and the second upper pressing plate 15 in parallel;
the hydraulic cylinders 18 and the electromagnetic valves are provided, the hydraulic cylinders 18 are respectively arranged on the fixed plate 14, a hydraulic cylinder push rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected with the second lower pressing plate 17 and can push the second lower pressing plate 17 to move up and down between the second upper pressing plate 15 and the fixed plate 14, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected with the hydraulic pump station 13 through the electromagnetic valves, and the hydraulic pump station 13 can control the movement direction of the hydraulic cylinder push rod 19 by controlling the electromagnetic valves;
and the mould comprises an upper mould 8 and a lower mould 9 which are respectively arranged on the second upper pressing plate and the second lower pressing plate.
Wherein, can process the wooden article through using the former in example two, obtain the wooden article of shaping, can carry out the step of processing shaping to the wooden article:
processing wood into a blank 20, wherein the blank 20 is the wood processed into the wood with each dimension slightly larger than a finished product, and the moisture content of the blank is 20-30%;
placing the obtained blank 20 into a die cavity 21 of a die, starting a hydraulic pump station 13 to control a hydraulic cylinder 18 to apply 5kg/cm2Fixing the blank 20 under the pressure of the pressure, starting the steam heating equipment 11, and heating the blank 20 by using saturated steam with the pressure of 0.8Mpa and the temperature of 170 ℃ to ensure that the temperature of the blank 20 reaches 150 ℃;
heating the blank 20 obtained in the previous step to 150 deg.C under a pressure of 60kg/cm2Pressing to compress the blank;
maintaining the pressure of the previous step, using saturated water vapor at a pressure of 1.5Mpa and a temperature of 200 ℃ and heating the blank 20 to 180 ℃ for 15 minutes;
keeping the pressure of the previous step, cooling the blank 20, taking out the blank from a die cavity 21 of a die after the temperature of the blank is reduced to be below 60 ℃, and simply polishing to obtain a finished product;
the obtained finished product is stored in an environment with the temperature of 20-30 ℃ and the humidity of 10-30%.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: according to the technical scheme, firstly, wood is processed into blanks of which the dimensions are slightly larger than those of finished products; then, heating and applying certain pressure to soften the blank and prevent the blank from deforming; then, continuously heating and pressurizing, and further compressing the blank to obtain the shape of a finished product; then, keeping the pressure unchanged, and further heating to ensure that the blank fully releases internal stress at high temperature and high pressure, so that the compression deformation of the blank is fixed; then, cooling and taking out; then, the product is placed under proper temperature and humidity to release a little residual internal stress so as to prevent deformation in the future use process.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the surface of the blank contacted with the die is higher in smoothness, and the surface of the blank is the surface of a finished product only by simple grinding and sanding treatment; the finished product has high surface density, so the product is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, has insect-proof effect, long service life, no need of painting, environmental protection and natural taste; because the blank is processed into the blank and then directly formed into the finished product, and the blank is generally not large, the heating and the pressurizing of each part of the blank are more uniform, the performance is better than that of the product processed by cutting the massive compressed wood, the performance of each part is more uniform, and the product has stable performance and is not easy to deform or crack. The technical scheme adopts high-temperature and high-pressure steam heating, which is beneficial to softening, compressing and destressing of wood.
In the second embodiment, the inner wall of the cavity 21 of the mold is provided with a pattern, and the pattern is a male pattern.
The raised male patterns are arranged on the inner wall of the die cavity of the die, so that when the blank is compressed, the patterns with sunken upper stroke on the blank have patterns with beautifying effect and practical effect on a finished product.
Wherein the wood product forming equipment further comprises a detection device for detecting the formed wood product obtained in the first embodiment or the second embodiment,
the detection device is arranged on one side of the press; the detection means comprise, as shown in figure 7,
the detection module 71 is used for detecting deformation of the formed wooden product to obtain a corresponding deformation detection result;
the measuring module 72 is used for measuring the compression performance of the formed wood product to obtain a corresponding compression measuring result;
a control module 73, configured to determine whether the deformation detection result matches a pre-stored wooden deformation database according to the deformation detection result of the formed wooden product obtained by the detection module 71, and determine whether the compression determination result matches the pre-stored wooden compression database according to the compression determination result of the formed wooden product obtained by the determination module 72, and if the deformation detection result matches the pre-stored wooden deformation database and the compression determination result matches the pre-stored wooden compression database, determine that the formed wooden product is qualified, and control the first conveyor belt 74 to convey the qualified formed wooden product to the first channel;
otherwise, determining that the formed wooden product is unqualified, controlling the second conveyor belt 76 to convey the unqualified formed wooden product to the second channel, and sending a first alarm instruction to the alarm module 75;
and the alarm module 75 is configured to execute a corresponding first alarm operation according to the first alarm instruction sent by the control module 73.
The above-described detection of the formed wooden product is performed to further ensure the reliability of use of the formed wooden product.
The deformation detection result is to determine whether the formed wooden product is deformed to a degree exceeding a deformation range given in the wood deformation database stored in advance, and may include, for example: displacement change values, tortuosity change values and the like of the wooden products, for example, the formed wooden products are tortuosity, the tortuosity angle, namely the deformation detection result is 3 degrees, the corresponding deformation range can be 1-4 degrees, and at the moment, the deformation detection result is matched with a pre-stored wooden deformation database;
the above-described compression measurement results may be obtained by measuring relative deformation, compressive strength, compressive stress, compressive modulus of elasticity, and the like of a formed wooden article.
The alarm module may be a combination of one or more of voice, vibration, and indicator lights, the corresponding first alarm instruction may be, for example, "the formed wooden product is not qualified", and the corresponding first alarm operation may be, for example, a voice prompt, "the formed wooden product is not qualified, please handle as soon as possible".
The first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt, the first channel and the second channel are arranged to distinguish qualified formed wood products conveniently.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: through carrying out deformation detection and compression performance's measurement to fashioned woodwork, can effectively acquire qualified woodwork.
The embodiment of the invention provides a wood product forming device, and the detection device further comprises: a depth detection module for detecting the depth of the image,
the depth detection module carries out the secondary to qualified fashioned woodwork in the first passageway and detects to ensure that the woodwork is stress capacity homogeneous phase and woodwork deformation is balanced in the surface, wherein carry out the concrete step as follows that the depth detected to the woodwork:
s1001, acquiring a deformation detection result of any 10 positions on the surface of a wooden product by using a detection module, storing the deformation detection result as a vector Q1, acquiring a compression measurement result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wooden product by using a measurement module, storing the compression measurement result as a vector Q2, and adding a vector Q2 to the lower side of the vector Q1 to form a surface matrix X1, wherein the X1 contains 2 rows and 10 columns, the first row represents a value of the deformation detection result, and the second row represents a value of the compression measurement result;
s1002, acquiring a deformation detection result of any 10 positions in a wooden product by using a detection module, storing the deformation detection result as a vector Q3, acquiring a compression measurement result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wooden product by using a measurement module, storing the compression measurement result as a vector Q4, and adding a vector Q4 to the lower side of the vector Q3 to form a surface matrix X2, wherein the X2 contains 2 rows and 10 columns, the first row represents a value of the deformation detection result, and the second row represents a value of the compression measurement result;
s1003, respectively carrying out secondary inspection on the values of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using a formula (1);
wherein,
S1j、S2jas an intermediate parameter, X1j,iIs the value of the ith column of the jth row of the matrix X1, X2j,iIs the value of the ith column of the jth row of the matrix X2, QXjIs the jth secondary test result, i is 1, 2, 3 … … 10, j is 1, 2, if QX is presentjIf the wood product passes the second inspection, controlling the second conveyor belt to convey the wood product to a second channel and sending a second alarm instruction to the alarm module; if all QXjIf less than 3.02, continue to step S1004;
by using the formula (1), the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 can be respectively subjected to secondary inspection, if the inspection cannot meet the requirement of the formula (1), the subsequent inspection is not required to be continued, and the inspection efficiency can be greatly improved.
S1004, carrying out balance degree check on the values of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using a formula (2);
t1jthe equality test value for the j-th row of matrix X1, t1jFor the equalization check value of the j-th row of matrix X2,
is a median value if t1jOr t1jIf the balance degree is less than-1.33, indicating that the balance degree is unqualified, controlling a second conveyor belt to convey the wooden product to a second channel, and sending a third alarm instruction to an alarm module; if t1jAnd t1jIf both are greater than-1.33, continue to step S1005;
s1005, calculating the difference degree of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using the formula (3);
if CY is not less than 2.16, the difference degree inspection is not passed, the second conveyor belt is controlled to convey the wooden products to the second channel, and a fourth alarm instruction is sent to the alarm module; if CY is less than 2.16, the test is passed, and the wood product passes the secondary test.
The second alarm command may be implemented as a "secondary verification failure" command;
the third alarm command may be implemented as, for example, a "balance check failure" command;
the fourth warning instruction described above may be implemented, for example, as a "degree of discrepancy check fail" instruction.
Utilize above-mentioned technique, can be right whether the inequality condition of surface interior atress ability has appeared in woodwork carries out intelligent judgement, perhaps woodwork deformation is unbalanced, thereby makes the woodwork can not accord with required requirement, simultaneously judge to obtain through simple calculation completely, need not carry out artificial intervention, by a wide margin reduced work load, simultaneously at the judgement in-process, judge step by step, if certain further unsatisfied requirement has appeared, then need not at the back step of inspection for inspection efficiency is higher, and through carrying out the secondary inspection to the woodwork, further improves the possibility of obtaining qualified woodwork.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for forming a wooden product by using forming equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1 Wood pretreatment step: processing the wood into a blank, and enabling the moisture content of the blank to be 15-40%;
s2 preheating treatment of blank: the blank obtained in step S1 was placed in a mold and applied at a rate of 2kg/cm2To 10kg/cm2Fixing the blank under pressure and heating to make the temperature of the blank reach 85-180 ℃;
s3 blank compression step: after the step S2, the blank is heated to 85 ℃ to 180 ℃, and then 30kg/cm is applied2To 100kg/cm2Compressing the blank under the pressure;
s4 shaping step of blank: maintaining the pressure of the step S3, and heating the blank to 180 ℃ to 210 ℃ for 3 minutes to 20 minutes;
s5 blank cooling: maintaining the pressure of the step S3, cooling the blank processed by the step S4 to reduce the temperature of the blank to below 60 ℃, taking out the blank from the die, and grinding the blank to obtain a finished product;
s6, curing of the finished product: and storing the finished product in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of 10-40%.
Preferably, the heating is high-frequency heating;
the high-frequency heating working frequency is 6.78 Mhz;
or
The heating is carried out by adopting high-temperature high-pressure steam;
heating with high-temperature and high-pressure steam using saturated steam at a pressure of 0.5 to 2.0MPa and a temperature of 150 to 210 ℃ in step S2 and step S3;
the high temperature and high pressure steam heating uses saturated steam having a pressure of 1.0Mpa to 2.0Mpa and a temperature of 180 to 210 c in step S4.
Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity of the mold is provided with a pattern, and the pattern can be a negative pattern or a positive pattern.
The advantages are that: the surface of the blank contacted with the die is higher in smoothness, and the surface of the blank is the surface of a finished product only by simple grinding and sanding treatment; the finished product has high surface density, so the product is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, has insect-proof effect, long service life, no need of painting, environmental protection and natural taste; because the blank is processed into the blank and then directly formed into the finished product, and the blank is generally not large, the heating and the pressurizing of each part of the blank are more uniform, the performance is better than that of the product processed by cutting the massive compressed wood, the performance of each part is more uniform, and the product has stable performance and is not easy to deform or crack.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A wood product forming apparatus for processing a stock of wood into a finished product, the stock being wood that is processed into a wood that has dimensions greater than the finished product, comprising:
a steam heating apparatus, the steam heating apparatus comprising:
a steam generator, which can generate steam with certain temperature and pressure,
a tank into which the steam generator may deliver the generated steam,
a control system for controlling the temperature and pressure of the steam output by the steam generator;
a hydraulic power unit, the hydraulic power unit comprising:
a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic pump,
a hydraulic control system that controls a hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump;
the molding apparatus further includes:
the fixing plate is arranged in the tank body;
the second upper pressing plate is arranged on the fixing plate in parallel and is connected with the fixing plate through a fixing rod;
the second lower pressing plate is arranged between the fixed plate and the second upper pressing plate in parallel;
the hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on the fixed plate, push rods of the hydraulic cylinders are connected with the second lower pressing plate and can push the second lower pressing plate to move between the second upper pressing plate and the fixed plate, the hydraulic cylinders are connected with the hydraulic pump station through the electromagnetic valves, and the hydraulic pump station can control the movement direction of the push rods of the hydraulic cylinders by controlling the electromagnetic valves;
and the mould is arranged on the second upper pressing plate and the second lower pressing plate.
2. A wood product forming apparatus as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the detection device is used for detecting the formed wooden product and is arranged on one side of the press;
the detection device includes:
the detection module is used for detecting deformation of the formed wooden product to obtain a corresponding deformation detection result;
the measuring module is used for measuring the compression performance of the formed wooden product to obtain a corresponding compression measuring result;
the control module is used for judging whether the deformation detection result is matched with a pre-stored wooden deformation database or not according to the deformation detection result of the formed wooden product obtained by the detection module, judging whether the compression detection result is matched with the pre-stored wooden compression database or not according to the compression detection result of the formed wooden product obtained by the detection module, judging that the formed wooden product is qualified if the deformation detection result is matched with the pre-stored wooden deformation database and the compression detection result is matched with the pre-stored wooden compression database, and controlling a first conveyor belt to convey the qualified formed wooden product to a first channel;
otherwise, judging that the formed wooden product is unqualified, controlling a second conveyor belt to convey the unqualified formed wooden product to a second channel, and sending a first alarm instruction to an alarm module;
and the alarm module is used for executing corresponding first alarm operation according to the first alarm instruction sent by the control module.
3. A wood product forming apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein,
the inner wall of the die cavity of the die is provided with patterns, and the patterns can be female patterns or male patterns.
4. A wood product forming apparatus according to claim 2,
the detection device further comprises: a depth detection module for detecting the depth of the image,
depth detection module is qualified in to first passageway fashioned woodwork carries out the secondary and detects to ensure that woodwork surface and interior atress ability equals just woodwork deformation is balanced, wherein to the woodwork carries out the concrete step as follows that the depth detected:
s1001, acquiring a deformation detection result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wooden product by using the detection module, saving the deformation detection result as a vector Q1, acquiring a compression measurement result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wooden product by using the measurement module, saving the compression measurement result as a vector Q2, and adding a vector Q2 below the vector Q1 to form a surface matrix X1, wherein the X1 comprises 2 rows and 10 columns, the first row represents a value of the deformation detection result, and the second row represents a value of the compression measurement result;
s1002, acquiring a deformation detection result of any 10 positions in the wood product by using the detection module, storing the deformation detection result as a vector Q3, acquiring a compression measurement result of any 10 positions on the surface of the wood product by using the measurement module, storing the compression measurement result as a vector Q4, and adding a vector Q4 below the vector Q3 to form a surface matrix X2, wherein the X2 comprises 2 rows and 10 columns, the first row represents a value of the deformation detection result, and the second row represents a value of the compression measurement result;
s1003, respectively carrying out secondary inspection on the values of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using a formula (1);
wherein,
S1j、S2jas an intermediate parameter, X1j,iIs the value of the ith column of the jth row of the matrix X1, X2j,iIs the value of the ith column of the jth row of the matrix X2, QXjIs the jth secondary test result, i is 1, 2, 3 … … 10, j is 1, 2, if QX is presentjIf no more than 3.02 indicates that the secondary check fails, the second conveyor is controlled to convey the wood product to the second channel, and a second message is sentAlarming instructions are sent to an alarming module; if all QXj<3.02, continuing to step 1004;
s1004, carrying out balance degree check on the values of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using a formula (2);
t1jthe equality test value for the j-th row of matrix X1, t1jFor the equalization check value of the j-th row of matrix X2,
is a median value, said if t1jOr t1jIf the balance degree is less than-1.33, the balance degree is unqualified, the second conveyor belt is controlled to convey the wooden product to the second channel, and a third alarm instruction is sent to the alarm module; if t1jAnd t1jIf both are greater than-1.33, continue to step S1005;
s1005, calculating the difference degree of the matrix X1 and the matrix X2 by using the formula (3);
if CY is not less than 2.16, the difference degree inspection is not passed, the second conveyor belt is controlled to convey the wooden products to the second channel, and a fourth alarm instruction is sent to the alarm module; if CY <2.16 the inspection passes, the wood product passes the secondary inspection.
5. Method for the formation of wood products with the aid of an apparatus according to claims 1-4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1 Wood pretreatment step: processing the wood into a blank, and enabling the moisture content of the blank to be 15-40%;
s2 preheating treatment of blank: placing the blank obtained in the step S1 into a mold, and applying 2kg/cm2To 10kg/cm2Fixing the blank under pressure and heating to make the temperature of the blank reach 85-180 ℃;
s3 blank compression step: heating the blank to 85-180 ℃ by the step of S2, and then applying 30kg/cm2To 100kg/cm2Compressing the blank under the pressure;
s4 shaping step of blank: maintaining the pressure of the step S3, and heating the blank to 180 ℃ to 210 ℃ for 3 minutes to 20 minutes;
s5 blank cooling: maintaining the pressure of the step S3, cooling the blank processed by the step S4 to reduce the temperature of the blank to be below 60 ℃, taking out the blank from the die, and grinding the blank to obtain a finished product;
s6, curing of the finished product: and storing the finished product in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of 10-40%.
6. The method of claim 5,
the heating is carried out by adopting high-temperature and high-pressure steam;
the high temperature and high pressure steam heating uses saturated steam having a pressure of 0.5Mpa to 2.0Mpa and a temperature of 150 to 210 ℃ in steps S2 and S3;
the high temperature and high pressure steam heating uses saturated steam having a pressure of 1.0Mpa to 2.0Mpa and a temperature of 180 to 210 ℃ in step S4.
7. The method of claim 5,
the inner wall of the die cavity of the die is provided with patterns, and the patterns can be female patterns or male patterns.
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