CN110303129B - Manufacturing method of wide and thick plate blank - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of wide and thick plate blank Download PDF

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CN110303129B
CN110303129B CN201910560737.1A CN201910560737A CN110303129B CN 110303129 B CN110303129 B CN 110303129B CN 201910560737 A CN201910560737 A CN 201910560737A CN 110303129 B CN110303129 B CN 110303129B
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shrinkage
blank
section
roll gap
molten steel
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CN110303129A (en
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赵立峰
公斌
王忠刚
卢波
张海波
张丽
薛志
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Shandong Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02Dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • C21C1/025Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35Blowing from above and through the bath
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0006Adding metallic additives

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical production and continuous casting, in particular to a manufacturing method of a wide and thick plate blank, which comprises the following steps: 1) pretreating molten iron, and spraying a composite desulfurizer into a molten iron tank by using a spray gun to obtain low-phosphorus and low-sulfur molten iron; 2) putting the pretreated molten iron into a converter, and smelting the molten iron in the converter by a top-bottom combined blowing technology to obtain smelted molten steel; 3) carrying out external refining on the obtained molten steel, raising the temperature of the molten steel through an electrode, adding alloy elements, and adjusting the components of the molten steel to obtain refined molten steel; 4) and continuously casting the obtained refined molten steel into a slab, forming a primary shell through a crystallizer, completely solidifying the shell with the liquid core under the cooling action of secondary cooling water in the fan-shaped section, and ensuring that the casting blank does not deform and bulge when passing through a fan-shaped section roller by utilizing the step type roll gap arrangement to prepare the wide and thick slab.

Description

Manufacturing method of wide and thick plate blank
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical production and continuous casting, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a wide and thick plate blank.
Background
The wide and thick plates are widely applied to economic construction in China, and are widely used on large ships, ocean platforms, hydroelectric generating units, thermal power generating units and long-distance pipelines. A steel rolling production line for dozens of wide and thick plates is newly built in China recently, and comprises 5000mm and 5500mm rolling mills for saddle steel, 5000mm rolling mills for Bao steel and the like, and the newly increased capacity is more than 2000 million tons.
The internal quality of the wide and thick plate blank has great influence on the performance of the rolled material, the poor internal quality of the casting blank can cause the defect of improper flaw detection of the thick rolled material if a middle crack defect exists, and simultaneously, the problems of delamination of a tensile fracture and the like are easily caused when the rolled material is subjected to a tensile test because segregation substances are more easily accumulated in the middle crack and segregation elements such as Mn, S, P and the like form segregation inclusions, so that the tensile performance of the rolled material is improper.
At present, the internal middle crack of a casting blank is a middle crack defect generated between crystals with weak bonding force when a blank shell is subjected to the action of external force in the process of casting blank solidification, and the defect can be judged according to the position of the middle crack in the thickness direction of the casting blank and appears in a straightening area in a sector section. In addition, in the process of the casting blank walking in the fan-shaped section, the blank shell can generate a middle crack defect under the action of the driving roll based on the existing hot blank pressure setting.
Therefore, the roll gap setting of the sector section needs to be improved and optimized, the hot billet pressure is optimized, the stress of the continuous casting billet in the sector section is reduced, the probability of middle crack occurrence is reduced, the internal quality of the thick continuous casting billet is improved, and the user requirements are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the conventional method, and provides a manufacturing method of a wide and thick plate blank, which solves the technical problem of intermediate cracks in the wide and thick plate blank, and the manufacturing method of the invention reduces the average rating of the intermediate cracks from 1.0 to below 0.5, and completely eliminates the intermediate crack defects of 1.5 and above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a wide and thick slab, which solves the quality problem of the middle cracks of the wide and thick slab and comprises the following steps:
pretreating molten iron, and spraying a composite desulfurizer into a molten iron tank by using a spray gun to obtain low-phosphorus and low-sulfur molten iron; the composite desulfurizer is well known in the art and comprises the following main components: CaC2,Na2CO3CaO, metallic magnesium, etc.; said lowThe phosphorus and low-sulfur molten iron has the phosphorus content of less than 0.015 percent and the sulfur content of less than 0.005 percent;
putting the pretreated molten iron into a converter, and smelting the molten iron in the converter by a top-bottom combined blowing technology to obtain smelted molten steel; wherein the smelted molten steel is molten steel with end point carbon, phosphorus and end point temperature meeting the internal control requirement of the converter process;
refining the obtained molten steel outside the furnace, raising the temperature of the molten steel through an electrode, and adding alloy elements such as Ti wires, silicon-manganese, carbon powder and the like; adjusting the components of the molten steel to obtain refined molten steel; specifically, the chemical components and the temperature of the smelted molten steel are finely adjusted to obtain molten steel with the end point temperature and the components meeting the requirements;
and continuously casting the obtained refined molten steel into a slab, forming a primary shell through a crystallizer, completely solidifying the shell with the liquid core under the cooling action of secondary cooling water in the fan-shaped section, and ensuring that the casting blank does not deform and bulge when passing through a fan-shaped section roller by utilizing the step type roll gap arrangement to prepare the wide and thick slab.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the casting slab with a stepped roll gap includes: a plurality of sections of roll gap casting blanks; the shrinkage of the plurality of sections of roll gap casting blanks is different, and the shrinkage of each section of roll gap casting blank accounts for the total shrinkage of the segment roller.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the casting blank with the step-type roll gaps comprises 14 sections of casting blanks with roll gaps; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the shrinkage of the roll gap casting blanks at the 1 st section to the 6 th section is the same, wherein the shrinkage of each roll gap casting blank accounts for 6 percent of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped section roller;
the shrinkage of the 7 th section of roll gap casting blank is the same as that of the 8 th section of roll gap casting blank, and the shrinkage of each section of roll gap casting blank accounts for 8 percent of the total shrinkage of the segment roller;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 9 th section of roll gap accounts for 1 percent of the total shrinkage of the sector section of roll;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 10 th roller gap accounts for 14% of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped roller;
the shrinkage of the 11 th roller gap casting blank accounts for 29 percent of the total shrinkage of the segment roller;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 12 th roller gap accounts for 2% of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped roller;
the shrinkage of the 13 th and 14 th roll gap casting blanks is the same, and the shrinkage of each roll gap casting blank accounts for 1% of the total shrinkage of the segment roller.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the thickness of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is 200 mm-300 mm, the width of the section is 1500 mm-2500 mm, and the pressure of the set blank type hot blank is 45 MPa-60 MPa.
The invention is suitable for steel grades with any component types, particularly has more obvious improvement effect on the internal quality of the casting blank of the medium-carbon microalloyed steel grade, and comprises the following main chemical components: 0.17 percent of C; si: 0.3 percent; 1.45 percent of Mn, Fe and inevitable impurities, and can also comprise other trace alloy elements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through setting up step roll gap, the shrinkage of two straightening section roll gap casting blanks in 7 th section and 8 th section increases to 150% of the shrinkage of two straightening section roll gap casting blanks in former 7 th section and 8 th section to the straightening force that produces when offsetting the casting blank and making the roll gap change value, avoids appearing bulging scheduling problem, thereby reduces the stress that the casting blank received in the fan-shaped section.
2. The method of the invention refines the hot billet pressure value in the continuous casting production process of the casting billets with different sections, ensures the stable walking of the casting billets in the fan-shaped section, simultaneously avoids the extrusion deformation of the casting billets caused by overlarge hot billet pressure, generates larger compressive stress at the billet shell which is not completely solidified, and avoids the generation of intermediate cracks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the number of stages and the amount of shrinkage of a conventional stepped roll gap;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the number of stages of stepped roll gap and the amount of shrinkage of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the macroscopic detection result of example 1 of the method for manufacturing a wide and thick slab according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the low power detection result of comparative example 1;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a wide and thick slab of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a wide and thick slab, which solves the quality problem of the median crack of the wide and thick slab, and comprises the following steps:
step 1) pretreating molten iron, and spraying a composite desulfurizer into a molten iron tank by using a spray gun to obtain low-phosphorus and low-sulfur molten iron; the composite desulfurizer is well known in the art and comprises the following main components: CaC2,Na2CO3CaO, metallic magnesium, etc.; the low-phosphorus and low-sulfur molten iron has a phosphorus content of less than 0.015 percent and a sulfur content of less than 0.005 percent;
step 2) putting the pretreated molten iron into a converter, and smelting the molten iron in the converter by a top-bottom combined blowing technology to obtain smelted molten steel; wherein the smelted molten steel is molten steel with end point carbon, phosphorus and end point temperature meeting the internal control requirement of the converter process;
step 3) refining the obtained molten steel outside the furnace, raising the temperature of the molten steel through an electrode, and adding alloy elements such as Ti wires, silicon manganese, carbon powder and the like; adjusting the components of the molten steel to obtain refined molten steel; specifically, the chemical components and the temperature of the smelted molten steel are finely adjusted to obtain molten steel with the end point temperature and the components meeting the requirements;
and 4) continuously casting the plate blank of the obtained refined molten steel, forming a primary blank shell through a crystallizer, completely solidifying the blank shell with the liquid core under the cooling action of secondary cooling water in the fan-shaped section, and ensuring that the casting blank does not deform and bulge when passing through a roller of the fan-shaped section by utilizing the stepped roller gap arrangement to prepare a wide and thick plate blank.
Wherein, the operation flows and steps of the steps 1), 2) and 3) are realized by adopting the conventional technical means known in the field.
The casting blank of step roll gap includes: a plurality of sections of roll gap casting blanks; the shrinkage of the plurality of sections of roll gap casting blanks is different, and the shrinkage of each section of roll gap casting blank accounts for the total shrinkage of the segment roller.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the stepped roll gap casting blank comprises 14 sections of roll gap casting blanks; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the shrinkage of the roll gap casting blanks at the 1 st section to the 6 th section is the same, wherein the shrinkage of each roll gap casting blank accounts for 6 percent of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped section roller;
the shrinkage of the 7 th section of roll gap casting blank is the same as that of the 8 th section of roll gap casting blank, and the shrinkage of each section of roll gap casting blank accounts for 8 percent of the total shrinkage of the segment roller;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 9 th section of roll gap accounts for 1 percent of the total shrinkage of the sector section of roll;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 10 th roller gap accounts for 14% of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped roller;
the shrinkage of the 11 th roller gap casting blank accounts for 29 percent of the total shrinkage of the segment roller;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 12 th roller gap accounts for 2% of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped roller;
the shrinkage of the 13 th and 14 th roll gap casting blanks is the same, and the shrinkage of each roll gap casting blank accounts for 1% of the total shrinkage of the segment roller.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, by adjusting the ratio of the contraction ratios of the two 7 th and 8 th straightening segment roll gap casting blanks, the contraction ratios of the two 7 th and 8 th straightening segment roll gap casting blanks are increased, and the contraction ratios are increased to 150% of the contraction ratios of the two 7 th and 8 th straightening segment roll gap casting blanks, so as to offset the change value of the roll gap due to the straightening force generated during the straightening of the casting blank, avoid the problems of bulging and the like, and reduce the stress of the casting blank in the segment.
Preferably, the thickness of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is 200 mm-300 mm, the width of the section is 1500 mm-2500 mm, and the pressure of the set blank type hot blank is 45 Mpa-60 Mpa; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the thickness of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is 200mm, the width of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is less than or equal to 2000mm, and the pressure of the set blank type hot blank is 45 Mpa;
the section thickness of the wide and thick plate blank is 200mm, the section width of the wide and thick plate blank is more than 2000mm, and the set blank type hot blank pressure is 50 Mpa;
the thickness of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is 250mm, the width of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is less than or equal to 2000mm, and the pressure of the set blank type hot blank is 50 Mpa;
the thickness of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is 250mm, the width of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is more than 2000mm, and the pressure of the set blank type hot blank is 55 Mpa;
the thickness of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is 300mm, the width of the section of the wide and thick plate blank is less than or equal to 2000mm, and the pressure of the set blank type hot blank is 55 Mpa;
the section thickness of the wide and thick plate blank is 300mm, the section width of the wide and thick plate blank is more than 2000mm, and the set blank type hot blank pressure is 60 Mpa.
In order to ensure that the casting blank stably runs in the fan-shaped segment roller and overcome the gliding tendency caused by the pulling resistance or the dead weight of the casting blank due to iron oxide scales, casting powder and the like, pressure, namely hot blank pressure, needs to be applied to the fan-shaped segment roller through a hydraulic cylinder so as to increase the friction force between the fan-shaped segment roller and the casting blank. However, when the hot billet pressure is too high, the extrusion deformation of the casting blank can be caused, and a large compressive stress is generated at the blank shell which is not completely solidified, so that the optimization of the hot billet pressure has a direct effect on reducing the external stress applied to the blank shell.
Example 1.
In this example 1, a wide and thick slab is mainly manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention, and the main production processes sequentially include molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, external refining, slab continuous casting, and co-production of 24 heats of molten steel in a tundish, wherein the size of the cross section of the slab is 300mm × 2200mm, and the drawing speed is 0.8 m/min. The roll gap settings are shown in the table below
Figure BDA0002108204590000051
As shown in the table above, the roll gap shrinkage of 1-6 sections: 0.61 mm; shrinkage of roll gaps of 7-8 sections: 0.81 mm; shrinkage of 9 sections of roll gaps: 0.1 mm; 10-segment roll gap shrinkage: 1.43mm, 11-segment roll gap shrinkage: 2.95mm, 12-segment roll gap shrinkage: 0.2 mm; 13-14 sections of roll gap shrinkage: 0.1 mm. The hot blank pressure is 60MPa, the casting stabilization period is long, and the blank drawing resistance is 1420 KN.
A macroscopic sample is taken in the stable period of the casting time, macroscopic photographs are shown in figure 3, and the detection result shows that the center segregation is 0.5 grade in B class, the center porosity is 0.5 grade, and no middle crack exists.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 (Wide and Thick slabs from the prior art)
In comparative example 1, a wide and thick slab is mainly prepared by the existing manufacturing method, and the main production processes sequentially comprise molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, external refining and slab continuous casting, and 24 heats of molten steel in a tundish are co-produced, wherein the section size of the slab is 300mm x 2200mm, and the drawing speed is 0.8 m/min.
Figure BDA0002108204590000052
Figure BDA0002108204590000061
1-section and 2-section roll gap shrinkage: 0.64mm, and the shrinkage of the roll gap between 3 sections and 5 sections: 0.63 mm; 6-segment roll gap shrinkage: 0.61 mm; shrinkage of roll gaps of 7 sections and 8 sections: 0.42mm, 9-stage roll gap shrinkage: 0.15mm, 10-segment roll gap shrinkage: 1.75 mm; 11-segment roll gap shrinkage: 3.21 mm; shrinkage of 12-stage roll gap: 0.18 mm; 13/14 roll gap shrinkage: 0.14 mm. The hot blank pressure is 75MPa, the casting stabilization period is, and the blank drawing resistance is 1850 KN.
A macroscopic sample is taken in the casting sub-stable period, and a macroscopic photograph of the produced continuous casting billet is shown in figure 4. The detection result shows that the center segregation B is 1.5 grade, the center porosity is 0.5 grade, and the middle crack is 1.0 grade. Wherein the middle crack is circled in figure 4.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. A method of manufacturing a wide and thick slab, the method comprising:
1) pretreating molten iron, and spraying a composite desulfurizer into a molten iron tank by using a spray gun to obtain low-phosphorus and low-sulfur molten iron;
2) putting the pretreated molten iron into a converter, and smelting the molten iron in the converter by a top-bottom combined blowing technology to obtain smelted molten steel;
3) carrying out external refining on the obtained molten steel, raising the temperature of the molten steel through an electrode, adding alloy elements, and adjusting the components of the molten steel to obtain refined molten steel;
4) performing slab continuous casting on the obtained refined molten steel, forming a primary blank shell through a crystallizer, completely solidifying the blank shell with a liquid core under the cooling action of secondary cooling water in the fan-shaped section, and ensuring that a casting blank does not deform and bulge when passing through a fan-shaped section roller by utilizing the step type roll gap arrangement to prepare a wide and thick slab;
the stepped roll gap comprises: a plurality of segments of sector roll gaps; the shrinkage between the roll gaps of the plurality of the fan-shaped sections is different;
the step type roll gaps comprise 14 segment roll gaps; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the shrinkage of the roll gap casting blanks at the 1 st section to the 6 th section is the same, wherein the shrinkage of each roll gap casting blank accounts for 6 percent of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped section roller;
the shrinkage of the 7 th section of roll gap casting blank is the same as that of the 8 th section of roll gap casting blank, and the shrinkage of each section of roll gap casting blank accounts for 8 percent of the total shrinkage of the segment roller;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 9 th section of roll gap accounts for 1 percent of the total shrinkage of the sector section of roll;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 10 th roller gap accounts for 14% of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped roller;
the shrinkage of the 11 th roller gap casting blank accounts for 29 percent of the total shrinkage of the segment roller;
the shrinkage of the casting blank at the 12 th roller gap accounts for 2% of the total shrinkage of the fan-shaped roller;
the shrinkage of the 13 th and 14 th roll gap casting blanks is the same, and the shrinkage of each roll gap casting blank accounts for 1% of the total shrinkage of the segment roller.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the wide and thick slab has a sectional thickness of 200mm to 300mm and a sectional width of 1500mm to 2500mm, and the hot slab pressure of the blank mold is set to 45Mpa to 60 Mpa.
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