CN110295400B - Dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110295400B CN110295400B CN201910589966.6A CN201910589966A CN110295400B CN 110295400 B CN110295400 B CN 110295400B CN 201910589966 A CN201910589966 A CN 201910589966A CN 110295400 B CN110295400 B CN 110295400B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3893—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
Abstract
The invention discloses a dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric which is prepared from surface water-absorbent fibers and cotton fibers in a mass ratio of 10.2-10.5: the proportion of 1 is prepared by a core-spun textile process. The invention aims to provide a dehumidifying and ventilating sports knitted fabric and a preparation method thereof, which take surface water-absorbing fibers as core-spun yarns, then coat a layer of a small amount of cotton fibers on the surface, take the surface water-absorbing fibers as a fiber structure with a central hydrophobic surface for absorbing water, and absorb moisture simultaneously through the action of the cotton fibers after being compounded with the cotton fibers, so that the moisture absorption efficiency is improved, and because the water-absorbing groups on the surface of the surface water-absorbing fibers are uniformly distributed, when the content of the coated cotton fibers is low, even if the cotton fibers are not uniformly distributed, the moisture absorption can be carried out through the surface water-absorbing fibers, so that the high-efficiency moisture absorption effect is realized, and the high-efficiency moisture absorption and sweat releasing effect of the fabric is realized because the large amount of hydrophobic groups are arranged in the center of the surface water-absorbing fibers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fabric preparation, and relates to a dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
People have higher and higher requirements on the comfort level of clothes, particularly for sports clothes, because the clothes are easy to sweat in the process of sports and are easy to stick on the skin to generate sticky feeling and cold and wet feeling, the existing sports clothes pursue the effect of moisture absorption and sweat release, in order to realize the effect, the prior art usually adopts a core-spun textile technology, a layer of cotton fiber is coated on the surface of polyester fiber, the effect of moisture absorption and sweat release is realized through the effect that the cotton fiber absorbs the sweat and the polyester fiber does not absorb the sweat, because the cotton fiber is easy to deform after sweat impregnation and is easy to fit, in order to realize the effect of quick sweat release, a small amount of cotton fiber is generally coated on the surface of the polyester fiber, but when the cotton fiber is coated, the distribution of the cotton fiber is easy to be uneven, partial cotton fiber is lost, the partial cotton fiber is accumulated, and the sweat absorption performance of the fabric is reduced, and because cotton fiber is easy to breed bacteria after sweat is soaked, in the prior art, fiber fabric is usually soaked and finished in antibacterial liquid, the antibacterial liquid is adhered and fixed on the surface of the fiber fabric, but antibacterial components in the fabric are reduced after long-time washing, and because the inner layer of the core-spun fiber is hydrophobic, the antibacterial liquid cannot enter the inner layer of the fiber, so that the sterilization effect of the inner layer of the fiber is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dehumidifying and ventilating sports knitted fabric and a preparation method thereof, which take surface hydroscopicity fiber as covering yarn, then coat a layer of a small amount of cotton fiber on the surface, take the surface hydroscopicity fiber as a fiber structure with a central hydrophobic surface to absorb water, after being compounded with the cotton fiber, the hydroscopicity is simultaneously carried out through the action with the cotton fiber, the hydroscopicity efficiency is improved, and because the hydroscopicity groups on the surface of the surface hydroscopicity fiber are uniformly distributed, when the content of the coated cotton fiber is low, even if the cotton fiber is not uniformly distributed, the hydroscopicity can be carried out through the surface hydroscopicity fiber, and the efficient hydroscopicity effect can be realized through the large amount of hydrophobic groups in the center of the surface hydroscopicity fiber, the efficient hydroscopicity effect of the fabric is realized, the problem that in the prior art, in order to realize the fast sweat releasing effect, a small amount of cotton fiber is generally coated on the surface of the polyester fiber is solved, but when less cotton fiber is coated, the cotton fiber is easily distributed unevenly, the local cotton fiber is lost, and the local cotton fiber is accumulated, so that the sweat absorption performance of the fabric is reduced.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric is prepared from surface water-absorbing fibers and cotton fibers according to a mass ratio of 10.2-10.5: 1 is prepared by a core-spun textile process;
the specific preparation process of the surface water-absorbing fiber is as follows:
step 1: adding magnesium chips into anhydrous ether, adding iodine simple substance into the anhydrous ether for refluxing, dropwise adding trimethylchlorosilane into a reaction container, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 3-4mL/min, keeping the ether in a slightly boiling state until the magnesium chips disappear, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a Grignard reagent; wherein the ratio of the trimethylchlorosilane to the magnesium chips in terms of the amount of the substances is 1: 1 is added in a proportion of;
step 2: weighing a certain amount of succinaldehyde, adding the succinaldehyde into water, adding the Grignard reagent prepared in the step 1 into the succinaldehyde, stirring the mixture for reaction for 3 to 4 hours at normal temperature, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a dihydroxy silane monomer, wherein 2.44g of the Grignard reagent is added into each gram of succinaldehyde, the Grignard reagent can react with aldehyde groups in the succinaldehyde to form hydroxyl groups, and simultaneously introducing a plurality of silane bonds into the dihydroxy silane monomer, so that the prepared monomer has high hydrophobic property;
and step 3: weighing a certain amount of 2, 4-dinitrophenol and deionized water, adding the weighed 2, 4-dinitrophenol and deionized water into a reaction container, adding potassium carbonate into the reaction container to adjust the pH value of the solution to 9-9.5, then adding 4-pentenoyl chloride into the solution, stirring the solution at normal temperature for reaction for 5-6 hours, continuously supplementing sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, keeping the pH value of the system unchanged, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the obtained product, and then adding the fraction into acetone for recrystallization to obtain unsaturated dinitrobenzene; wherein 0.65-0.67g of 4-pentenoyl chloride is added into each gram of 2, 4-dinitrophenol, and the 4-pentenoyl chloride can be subjected to esterification reaction with phenolic hydroxyl in the 2, 4-dinitrophenol under the alkaline catalysis of potassium carbonate, so that an olefin group is introduced into a product;
and 4, step 4: adding the unsaturated dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 3 into acetone, simultaneously adding ferric chloride into the acetone, heating the mixture to 40-50 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine into the reaction vessel, continuously reacting for 8-9 hours, evaporating the product in the reaction vessel, removing the solvent to obtain chlorodinitrobenzene, wherein 0.08g of ferric chloride is added into each gram of unsaturated dinitrobenzene, and 5-6mL of acetone is added;
and 5: adding the chloro dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 4 and water into a reaction vessel, adding triethylamine after stirring and dissolving, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 3-4h, evaporating the product at 90-95 ℃, removing solvent water and unreacted triethylamine to obtain di-quaternary ammonium group dinitrobenzene, wherein 0.61-0.65g of triethylamine is added into per gram of chloro dinitrobenzene, and 10-12mL of water is added;
step 6: adding the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 5 into a mixed solvent of methanol and water, adding sodium hydrosulfite into the mixed solvent, stirring and reacting for 20-23h at normal temperature, then carrying out suction filtration on the obtained product after the solvent in the product is dried by a rotary evaporator, and washing and drying a filter cake to obtain quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene; wherein the mass ratio of methanol to water is 1: 1, simultaneously adding 0.51-0.53g of sodium hydrosulfite into per gram of quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene, and adding 15-17mL of mixed solvent;
and 7: adding the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 6 and anhydrous dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, adding zinc chloride and chloroformate into the reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 50-90 ℃, performing reflux reaction for 28-20h, and performing reduced pressure distillation to obtain quaternary ammonium diisocyanate, wherein each gram of the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene is added with 15-17mL of anhydrous dichloromethane, 0.11g of zinc chloride is added, and 0.95-0.98g of chloroformate is added;
and 8: adding the quaternary ammonium base diisocyanate prepared in the step 7 and an acetone solution into a reaction kettle, dropwise adding the dihydroxy silane monomer prepared in the step 2 after stirring and dissolving, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 12-15mL/min, dropwise adding the dihydroxy silane monomer, completely stirring and reacting for 8-9h to obtain a polymer solution, directly performing electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution to obtain surface water-absorbing fiber yarns, wherein 0.54-0.58 kg of dihydroxy silane monomer is added into each kg of quaternary ammonium base diisocyanate, and 13-15L of the acetone solution is added; because the prepared quaternary ammonium diisocyanate contains two isocyanate groups and can perform condensation reaction with two hydroxyl groups in a dihydroxysilane monomer to generate a chain-like polymer, the generated polymer chain contains a large number of trimethoxy silane bond branched chains, and because the quaternary ammonium diisocyanate contains benzene rings, the prepared polymer contains a large number of benzene rings, because trimethoxy silane bond bonds are shorter, the silane bonds are close to the main chain, the benzene rings are on the main chain, and the benzene rings and the trimethoxy silane bonds are hydrophobic groups, the main chain of the polymer and the peripheral sides near the main chain have higher hydrophobicity, and because the ammonium diisocyanate contains two quaternary ammonium groups and the branched chains of the quaternary ammonium groups are longer and are far away from the main chain of the polymer, and because the quaternary ammonium groups have higher hydrophilic performance, because each monomer contains two quaternary ammonium groups, the polymer generated after polymerization contains a large amount of quaternary ammonium salt groups, so that the prepared polymer has higher hydrophilic performance at a longer distance on the periphery of the main chain, namely the surface, the periphery of the inner center part close to the main chain is provided with hydrophobicity, the surface of the prepared fiber is hydrophilic and the inner part is hydrophobic through the hydrophilic and hydrophobic effects, when sweat is soaked, the surface absorbs water rapidly, the body is comfortable, meanwhile, when the absorbed water is dipped into the fiber for a certain amount, the sweat stains can not permeate the center of the fiber and only remain on the surface of the fiber through the hydrophobic property in the fiber, and can be volatilized rapidly, thereby accelerating the drying of clothes, realizing the effects of quick absorption and quick drying of the prepared fiber through the internal hydrophobic and surface hydrophilic functions, meanwhile, as the fiber surface contains a large amount of quaternary ammonium groups, bacteria can be adsorbed, so that the cell wall of the bacteria is broken to realize the sterilization effect;
a preparation method of a dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric comprises the following specific preparation processes: spinning the surface water-absorbent fiber to form core yarn, spinning the cotton fiber to form roving, doubling and plying the core yarn and the roving to form core-spun yarn taking the surface water-absorbent fiber as the core yarn and taking the cotton fiber as the outer covering yarn, and weaving the prepared core-spun yarn to form the dehumidifying and breathable fabric; because cotton fiber has higher water absorption performance, can absorb the sweat fast after the sweat of moving, sweat after the absorption contacts the surperficial cellosilk that absorbs water after, carry out the surface through surperficial hydroscopicity cellosilk and absorb fast at the surface at the base group that absorbs water, then because surperficial hydroscopicity cellosilk main chain and week side have a large amount of hydrophobic groups, can prevent that the sweat from getting into the inside of core yarn, make the sweat be in the surface of surface fabric all the time, can evaporate fast and detach, and then realize the fast sweat-absorbing effect of perspiring soon.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention takes surface hydroscopicity fiber as covering yarn, then coats a layer of cotton fiber on the surface, the surface hydroscopicity fiber is a fiber structure with a central hydrophobic surface for absorbing water, after the surface hydroscopicity fiber is compounded with the cotton fiber, the moisture absorption is carried out simultaneously through the action of the surface hydroscopicity fiber, the hydroscopicity efficiency is improved, and because the hydroscopicity group distribution on the surface hydroscopicity fiber is uniform, when the content of the coated cotton fiber is low, even if the cotton fiber is not uniform, the surface hydroscopicity fiber can absorb moisture through the surface hydroscopicity fiber, further the high-efficiency hydroscopicity effect is realized, and the high-efficiency hydroscopicity and sweat releasing effect of the fabric is realized, the problem that in the prior art, in order to realize the quick sweat releasing effect, a small amount of cotton fiber is coated on the surface of polyester fiber, but when a small amount of cotton fiber is coated is solved, the cotton fibers are easily distributed unevenly, the local cotton fibers are lost, and the local cotton fibers are accumulated, so that the sweat absorption performance of the fabric is reduced.
2. The surface water-absorbing fiber prepared by the invention contains a large number of trimethoxy silane bond branched chains, and simultaneously, the quaternary ammonium group diisocyanate used for preparing the surface water-absorbing fiber contains benzene rings, so that the prepared polymer contains a large number of benzene rings, the trimethoxy silane bond is short, the silane bond is close to the main chain, the benzene ring is arranged on the main chain, and the benzene ring and the trimethoxy silane bond are both hydrophobic groups, so that the main chain of the polymer and the peripheral side near the main chain have higher hydrophobicity, and simultaneously, the ammonium group diisocyanate contains two quaternary ammonium groups, the branched chain of the quaternary ammonium group is longer and is far away from the main chain of the polymer, and simultaneously, because the quaternary ammonium group has higher hydrophilic performance, each monomer contains two quaternary ammonium salt groups, the polymer generated after polymerization contains a large number of quaternary ammonium salt groups, so that the peripheral side of the main chain of the prepared polymer has longer distance, namely the surface has higher hydrophilic performance, the periphery of the inner center part close to the main chain is hydrophobic, the prepared fiber has surface hydrophilicity and inner hydrophobicity under the actions of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and when the fiber is compounded with water-absorbing fibers, the fiber can achieve a high moisture-absorbing effect without considering the problem of uniform distribution.
3. The monomer used in the surface water-absorbing fiber prepared by the invention contains a large amount of quaternary ammonium groups, when the polymerized fiber contains more quaternary ammonium groups and is uniformly distributed, after the polymerized fiber is contacted with cotton fiber, the absorbed sweat is soaked between the cotton fiber and the surface water-absorbing fiber due to the self water absorption of the surface water-absorbing fiber, and the sweat in the fiber can be directly sterilized through the sterilization performance of the quaternary ammonium groups on the surface water-absorbing fiber, so that the problems that in the prior art, the antibacterial liquid cannot enter the inner layer of the fiber due to the hydrophobic inner layer of the core-spun fiber, and the sterilization effect of the inner layer of the fiber is reduced are solved, and the content of the sterilization groups in the fabric cannot be reduced when the fabric is washed for a long time due to the direct grafting of the quaternary ammonium groups on the surface of the fiber, the antibacterial performance of the fabric cannot be reduced due to the long-term washing, so that the problem that the prior art usually soaks and finishes the fiber in the antibacterial liquid is solved, the antibacterial liquid is adhered and fixed on the surface of the fiber fabric, but the antibacterial component in the fabric is reduced after long-time washing.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the specific preparation process of the surface water-absorbing fiber is as follows:
step 1: adding 24g of magnesium chips into 500mL of anhydrous ether, then adding 3g of iodine simple substance into the anhydrous ether for refluxing, then dropwise adding 108g of trimethylchlorosilane into a reaction vessel, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 3-4mL/min, keeping the ether in a slightly boiling state until the magnesium chips disappear, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a Grignard reagent;
and 2, step: weighing 100g of succinaldehyde, adding 1000g of water, simultaneously adding 244g of Grignard reagent prepared in the step 1, stirring and reacting for 3-4h at normal temperature, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a dihydroxy silane monomer, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows;
and step 3: weighing 2, 4-dinitrophenol 100g and deionized water, adding into a reaction vessel, adding potassium carbonate to adjust the pH of the solution to 9-9.5, adding 4g of pentenoyl chloride 65g, stirring at normal temperature to react for 5-6h, continuously supplementing sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, keeping the pH of the system unchanged, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the obtained product, and adding the fraction into acetone to carry out recrystallization to obtain unsaturated dinitrobenzene;
and 4, step 4: adding 100g of the unsaturated dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 3 into 500mL of acetone, simultaneously adding 8g of ferric chloride, heating to 40-50 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine into the reaction vessel, continuously reacting for 8-9h, evaporating the product in the reaction vessel, and removing the solvent to obtain the chloro dinitrobenzene, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows;
and 5: adding 100g of the chlorodinitrobenzene prepared in the step 4 and 1L of water into a reaction container, stirring and dissolving, then adding 61g of triethylamine, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 3-4h, then evaporating the product at 90-95 ℃, removing solvent water and unreacted triethylamine in the product, and obtaining the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows;
step 6: adding 100g of the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 5 into 1500mL of a mixed solvent of methanol and water, wherein the mass ratio of the methanol to the water is 1: 1, adding 51g of sodium hydrosulfite, stirring and reacting for 20-23h at normal temperature, then carrying out suction filtration on the obtained product after the solvent in the product is dried by a rotary evaporator, and washing and drying the filter cake to obtain the quaternary ammonium diaminobenzene;
and 7: adding 100g of the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 6 and 1500mL of anhydrous dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 11g of zinc chloride and 95g of chloroformate, heating to 50-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 28-20h, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain quaternary ammonium diisocyanate, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows;
and 8: adding 1kg of quaternary ammonium diisocyanate prepared in the step 7 and 13L of acetone solution into a reaction kettle, dropwise adding 0.54kg of dihydroxy silane monomer prepared in the step 2 after stirring and dissolving, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 12-15mL/min, dropwise adding, completely stirring and reacting for 8-9h to obtain a polymer solution, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution to obtain the surface water-absorbing fiber, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows.
Example 2:
the specific preparation process of the surface water-absorbing fiber is as follows:
step 1: adding 24g of magnesium chips into 500mL of anhydrous ether, then adding 3g of iodine simple substance into the anhydrous ether for refluxing, then dropwise adding 108g of trimethylchlorosilane into a reaction vessel, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 3-4mL/min, keeping the ether in a slightly boiling state until the magnesium chips disappear, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a Grignard reagent;
step 2: weighing 100g of succinaldehyde, adding 1000g of water, simultaneously adding 244g of Grignard reagent prepared in the step 1, stirring and reacting for 3-4h at normal temperature, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a dihydroxy silane monomer;
and step 3: weighing 2, 4-dinitrophenol 100g and deionized water, adding into a reaction vessel, adding potassium carbonate to adjust the pH of the solution to 9-9.5, adding 4g of pentenoyl chloride 65g, stirring at normal temperature to react for 5-6h, continuously supplementing sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, keeping the pH of the system unchanged, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the obtained product, and adding the fraction into acetone to carry out recrystallization to obtain unsaturated dinitrobenzene;
and 4, step 4: adding 100g of the unsaturated dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 3 into 500mL of acetone, simultaneously adding 8g of ferric chloride, heating to 40-50 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine into the reaction vessel, continuously reacting for 8-9h, evaporating the product in the reaction vessel, and removing the solvent to obtain the chloro-dinitrobenzene;
and 5: adding 100g of the chlorodinitrobenzene prepared in the step 4 and 1L of water into a reaction container, stirring and dissolving, adding 26g of triethylamine, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 3-4h, evaporating the product at 90-95 ℃, removing solvent water and unreacted triethylamine in the product, and obtaining quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene;
step 6: adding 100g of quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 5 into 1500mL of a mixed solvent of methanol and water, wherein the mass ratio of the methanol to the water is 1: 1, adding 51g of sodium hydrosulfite, stirring and reacting for 20-23h at normal temperature, then carrying out suction filtration on the obtained product after the solvent in the product is dried by a rotary evaporator, and washing and drying the filter cake to obtain quaternary ammonium group diaminobenzene;
and 7: adding 100g of quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 6 and 1500mL of anhydrous dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 11g of zinc chloride and 95g of chloroformate into the reaction kettle, heating to 50-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 28-20h, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain quaternary ammonium diisocyanate;
and 8: adding 1kg of quaternary ammonium diisocyanate prepared in the step 7 and 13L of acetone solution into a reaction kettle, dropwise adding 0.54kg of dihydroxysilane monomer prepared in the step 2 after stirring and dissolving, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 12-15mL/min, dropwise adding the dihydroxysilane monomer, completely stirring and reacting for 8-9 hours to obtain a polymer solution, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution to obtain the surface water-absorbing cellosilk.
Example 3:
the specific preparation process of the surface water-absorbing fiber is as follows:
step 1: adding 24g of magnesium chips into 500mL of anhydrous ether, then adding 3g of iodine simple substance into the anhydrous ether for refluxing, then dropwise adding 108g of trimethylchlorosilane into a reaction vessel, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 3-4mL/min, keeping the ether in a slightly boiling state until the magnesium chips disappear, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a Grignard reagent;
step 2: weighing 100g of succinaldehyde, adding 1000g of water, simultaneously adding 244g of Grignard reagent prepared in the step 1, stirring and reacting for 3-4h at normal temperature, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a dihydroxy silane monomer;
and step 3: 100g of 2, 4-dinitrophenol is weighed and added into 1500mL of mixed solvent of methanol and water, wherein the mass ratio of the methanol to the water is 1: 1, adding 51g of sodium hydrosulfite, stirring and reacting for 20-23h at normal temperature, then carrying out suction filtration on the obtained product after the solvent in the product is dried by a rotary evaporator, and washing and drying the filter cake to obtain quaternary ammonium group diaminobenzene;
and 4, step 4: adding 100g of quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 5 and 1500mL of anhydrous dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 11g of zinc chloride and 95g of chloroformate into the reaction kettle, heating to 50-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 28-20h, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain quaternary ammonium diisocyanate;
and 5: adding 1kg of quaternary ammonium diisocyanate prepared in the step 4 and 13L of acetone solution into a reaction kettle, dropwise adding 0.54kg of dihydroxysilane monomer prepared in the step 2 after stirring and dissolving, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 12-15mL/min, dropwise adding, completely stirring and reacting for 8-9h to obtain a polymer solution, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution to obtain the fiber yarn.
Example 4:
the specific preparation process of the surface water-absorbing fiber is as follows:
step 1: weighing 100g of succinaldehyde, adding into 1000g of water, simultaneously adding 102g of ethyl magnesium chloride, stirring and reacting for 3-4h at normal temperature, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a dihydroxy monomer;
step 2: weighing 2, 4-dinitrophenol 100g and deionized water, adding into a reaction vessel, adding potassium carbonate to adjust the pH of the solution to 9-9.5, adding 4g of pentenoyl chloride 65g, stirring at normal temperature to react for 5-6h, continuously supplementing sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, keeping the pH of the system unchanged, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the obtained product, and adding the fraction into acetone to carry out recrystallization to obtain unsaturated dinitrobenzene;
and step 3: adding 100g of the unsaturated dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 2 into 500mL of acetone, simultaneously adding 8g of ferric chloride, heating to 40-50 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine into the reaction vessel, continuously reacting for 8-9h, and evaporating the product in the reaction vessel to remove the solvent to obtain the chloro-dinitrobenzene;
and 4, step 4: adding 100g of the chlorodinitrobenzene prepared in the step 3 and 1L of water into a reaction container, stirring and dissolving, then adding 61g of triethylamine, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 3-4h, evaporating the product at 90-95 ℃, and removing solvent water and unreacted triethylamine in the product to obtain quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene;
and 5: and (3) adding 100g of quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step (4) into 1500mL of mixed solvent of methanol and water, wherein the mass ratio of methanol to water is 1: 1, adding 51g of sodium hydrosulfite, stirring and reacting for 20-23h at normal temperature, then carrying out suction filtration on the obtained product after the solvent in the product is dried by a rotary evaporator, and washing and drying the filter cake to obtain quaternary ammonium group diaminobenzene;
step 6: adding 100g of quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 5 and 1500mL of anhydrous dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 11g of zinc chloride and 95g of chloroformate, heating to 50-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 28-20h, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain quaternary ammonium diisocyanate;
and 7: adding 1kg of quaternary ammonium diisocyanate prepared in the step 6 and 13L of acetone solution into a reaction kettle, dropwise adding 0.54kg of dihydroxy monomer prepared in the step 1 after stirring and dissolving, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 12-15mL/min, dropwise adding, completely stirring and reacting for 8-9h to obtain polymer solution, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution to obtain the surface water-absorbing fiber.
Example 5:
a preparation method of a dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric comprises the following specific preparation processes: the surface water-absorbent fiber prepared in example 1 is spun to form a core yarn, then cotton fiber is spun to form roving, then the core yarn and the coarse sand are doubled and plied to form the surface water-absorbent fiber yarn as the core yarn, wherein the mass ratio of the surface water-absorbent fiber to the cotton fiber is 10.2: and 1, weaving the prepared core-spun yarn to form the dehumidifying and ventilating fabric.
Example 6:
a moisture-removing and breathable sports knitted fabric was prepared in the same manner as in example 5, except that the surface water-absorbent fiber yarn prepared in example 1 used in example 5 was replaced with the surface water-absorbent fiber yarn prepared in example 2.
Example 7:
a moisture-removing and breathable sports knitted fabric was prepared in the same manner as in example 5, except that the surface water-absorbent filaments prepared in example 1 used in example 5 were replaced with the filaments prepared in example 3.
Example 8:
a moisture-removing and breathable sports knitted fabric was prepared in the same manner as in example 5, except that the surface water-absorbent fiber yarn prepared in example 1 used in example 5 was replaced with the surface water-absorbent fiber yarn prepared in example 4.
Example 9:
the water absorption rates of the knitted fabrics prepared in examples 5 to 8 were measured according to the national standard GB/T21655.1-2008, while the results were measured by the oven method, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 determination results of moisture absorption and quick drying Properties of knitted fabrics prepared in examples 5 to 8
From table 1, it can be seen that the fabric prepared in example 5 has a high moisture absorption rate and a high moisture evaporation rate, whereas in example 6, the water absorption performance is reduced due to the reduced content of the quaternary ammonium groups, the moisture absorption rate is reduced, and the moisture evaporation rate is reduced, and meanwhile, in example 7, the fabric can only absorb moisture through the cotton fibers because the quaternary ammonium groups are not contained, but the moisture absorption performance of the cotton fibers is greatly reduced due to the small content and uneven distribution, and meanwhile, the main chain of the surface moisture absorption fiber prepared in example 8 is not provided with silane bonds, so that the hydrophobic performance of the main chain is reduced, and although the moisture absorption rate is increased, the moisture evaporation rate is greatly reduced, so that the quick-drying requirement cannot be met, and the clothes are prone to be wet and cool.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric is characterized by comprising surface water-absorbing fibers and cotton fibers in a mass ratio of 10.2-10.5: 1 is prepared by a core-spun textile process;
the specific preparation process of the surface water-absorbing fiber is as follows:
step 1: weighing a certain amount of 2, 4-dinitrophenol and deionized water, adding the weighed 2, 4-dinitrophenol and deionized water into a reaction container, adding potassium carbonate into the reaction container to adjust the pH value of the solution to 9-9.5, then adding 4-pentenoyl chloride into the solution, stirring the solution at normal temperature for reaction for 5-6 hours, continuously supplementing sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, keeping the pH value of the system unchanged, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the obtained product, and then adding the fraction into acetone for recrystallization to obtain unsaturated dinitrobenzene;
step 2: adding the unsaturated dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 1 into acetone, adding ferric chloride into the acetone, heating the mixture to 40-50 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine into the reaction vessel, continuously reacting for 8-9 hours, and evaporating the product in the reaction vessel to remove the solvent to obtain chloro-dinitrobenzene;
and step 3: adding the chloro dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 2 and water into a reaction vessel, adding triethylamine after stirring and dissolving, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 3-4h, evaporating the product at 90-95 ℃, and removing solvent water and unreacted triethylamine to obtain the di-quaternary ammonium group dinitrobenzene;
and 4, step 4: adding the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 3 into a mixed solvent of methanol and water, adding sodium hydrosulfite into the mixed solvent, stirring and reacting for 20-23h at normal temperature, then carrying out suction filtration on the obtained product after the solvent in the product is dried by a rotary evaporator, and washing and drying a filter cake to obtain the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene;
and 5: adding the quaternary ammonium dinitrobenzene prepared in the step 4 and anhydrous dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, adding zinc chloride and chloroformate into the reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 50-90 ℃, performing reflux reaction for 28-20 hours, and performing reduced pressure distillation to obtain quaternary ammonium diisocyanate;
step 6: and (3) adding the quaternary ammonium diisocyanate prepared in the step (5) and an acetone solution into a reaction kettle, dropwise adding a dihydroxy silane monomer after stirring and dissolving, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 12-15mL/min, dropwise adding the solution, completely stirring and reacting for 8-9h to obtain a polymer solution, and directly performing electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution to obtain the surface water-absorbing fiber.
2. The moisture-removing breathable sports knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein 0.61-0.65g of triethylamine and 10-12mL of water are added to each gram of the chlorodinitrobenzene in the step 3.
3. The moisture-removing breathable sports knitted fabric according to claim 2, wherein the specific preparation process of the dihydroxy silane monomer in step 6 is as follows:
(1) adding magnesium chips into anhydrous ether, adding iodine simple substance into the anhydrous ether for refluxing, dropwise adding trimethylchlorosilane into a reaction container, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 3-4mL/min, keeping the ether in a slightly boiling state until the magnesium chips disappear, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a Grignard reagent;
(2) weighing a certain amount of succinaldehyde, adding into water, simultaneously adding the Grignard reagent prepared in the step (1), stirring and reacting for 3-4h at normal temperature, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain the dihydroxy silane monomer.
4. A moisture-removing breathable sports knit fabric according to claim 3, wherein in step 6, 0.54 to 0.58 kg of dihydroxysilane monomer per kg of quaternary ammonium diisocyanate is added, and 13 to 15mL of acetone solution is added.
5. A method for preparing the dehumidifying breathable sports knitted fabric according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the manufacturing method comprises the steps of spinning surface water-absorbing fiber yarns to form core yarns, spinning cotton fibers to form rough yarns, doubling and plying the core yarns and the rough sands to form core-spun yarns taking the surface water-absorbing fiber yarns as the core yarns and taking the cotton fibers as outer covering yarns, and weaving the prepared core-spun yarns to form the dehumidifying and breathable fabric.
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Denomination of invention: A dehumidifying and breathable sports knitted fabric and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20230926 Granted publication date: 20220624 Pledgee: Bank of Jiangsu Limited by Share Ltd. Shenzhen branch Pledgor: Tongchuang Life Technology (Shenzhen) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980059141 |