CN110292945B - Catalyst containing molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Catalyst containing molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN110292945B
CN110292945B CN201810235604.2A CN201810235604A CN110292945B CN 110292945 B CN110292945 B CN 110292945B CN 201810235604 A CN201810235604 A CN 201810235604A CN 110292945 B CN110292945 B CN 110292945B
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molecular sieve
catalyst
metal
molybdenum sulfide
modified molybdenum
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CN110292945A (en
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张晓昕
张成乐
王宣
宗保宁
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/82—Phosphates
    • B01J29/84—Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
    • B01J29/85—Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
    • B01J37/031—Precipitation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08—Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G2/334—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing molecular sieve catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself

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Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst containing molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the catalyst comprises 30-95 wt% of metal modified molybdenum sulfide and 5-70 wt% of molecular sieve on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst; wherein the metal modified molybdenum sulfide is modified by a metal M, and the metal M is at least one selected from Ni, Mn, Ce and Co; the molecular sieve is at least one selected from SAPO-34 molecular sieve, SAPO-41 molecular sieve and SAPO-11 molecular sieve. The catalyst provided by the invention has good ethylene selectivity when being applied to preparing low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas.

Description

Catalyst containing molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a catalyst containing molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The low-carbon olefin is used as a basic organic chemical raw material and plays a very important role in modern petroleum and chemical industries. Particularly, with the increasing demand and the expanding application fields of ethylene and propylene, it is important to widely study the synthesis method.
The methods for preparing low-carbon olefins can be generally divided into two major categories, one is the petroleum route and the other is the non-petroleum route. So far, the traditional light oil cracking method, namely the petroleum route, is mainly adopted in the world to prepare low-carbon olefins such as ethylene, propylene and the like. Under the condition of rising petroleum price, the method for directly or indirectly preparing the low-carbon olefin by using the natural gas as the raw material through the synthesis gas has technical and economic attractions. For example, the technology of preparing low-carbon olefin by using natural gas as a raw material and adopting methods such as oxidation coupling and the like; the synthesis gas is prepared by taking natural gas or coal as a raw material, and the synthesis gas is prepared into low-carbon olefin by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (direct method) or methanol or dimethyl ether (indirect method). The synthesis gas is directly used for preparing the low-carbon olefin to generate the target product through one-step reaction, and the process flow is simpler and more economic than an indirect method.
The catalyst for the reaction of directionally converting the synthesis gas into the low-carbon olefin generally selects Fe as an active component, and is added with some auxiliary agents; the support for the catalyst is typically various types of molecular sieves and activated carbon. The molecular sieve supported catalyst can realize shape selection of a product through a pore structure of a molecular sieve carrier which is regularly adjustable, and is concerned about improving the selectivity of low-carbon olefin.
Chinese patent CN1260823A by exxon corporation reports a method for converting synthesis gas to lower olefins using modified molecular sieves, which uses Fe3(CO)12ZSM-5 modified molecular sieve catalyst, H at 260 deg.C2Volume ratio of/CO of 3 and GHSV of 1000h-1The reaction was carried out under reaction conditions of (1) and the total selectivity of ethylene and propylene was 65%.
Chinese patent CN92109866.9 of the institute of chemical and physical sciences reports that high-silicon molecular sieve loaded active components such as Fe-Mn are used as a catalyst, and better selectivity of synthesis gas for preparing low-carbon olefin is realized. The catalyst disclosed is a ferro-manganese metal oxide-molecular sieve (K-Fe-MnO/Silicalite-2) composite catalyst, the CO conversion rate reaches 70-90%, and C2-C4The olefin selectivity was 72-74%.
However, the pore structure of the molecular sieve is changed in the process of loading active components on the molecular sieve, and the active metal on the outer surface is not influenced by the pore structure of the carrier, so that high selectivity is obtained, and the function of the carrier cannot be fully exerted.
Chinese invention patents ZL03109585.2 and CN101219384A of Beijing university of chemical industry disclose Fe/activated carbon catalysts which take activated carbon as a carrier and manganese, copper, zinc, silicon, potassium and the like as auxiliary agents, are used for the reaction of preparing low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas, and have the temperature of 300 ℃ and the pressure of 1-2MPa and the space velocity of the synthesis gas of 400 ℃ for 1000 h--1Under the condition of no raw material gas circulation, the CO conversion rate can reach 95%, the content of hydrocarbon in gas-phase products is 69.5%, and the selectivity of ethylene, propylene and butylene in hydrocarbon can reach more than 68%. However, the catalyst is seriously coked during use and cannot be operated for a long time.
De Jong et al (Science, 2012, 335, 835) uniformly disperses iron nanoparticles on a weak interactive alpha-alumina or carbon nanofiber carrier, so that synthesis gas is directly converted to prepare C2-C4 light olefins, and when the CO conversion rate is 80%, the low carbon olefins account for 50% of the mass content of hydrocarbon products and have relatively good anti-coking performance. But the preparation process is complex and difficult to realize industrial application.
For many years, some research teams have attempted to develop high temperature molten iron catalysts for increasing the selectivity of products from fischer-tropsch synthesis for direct production of lower olefins.
Chinese patent CN101757925A provides a molten iron catalyst for producing low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas, which is composed of iron oxide and promoters such as alumina, calcium oxide and potassium oxide, and has high Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activity and selectivity, a single-pass conversion rate of more than 95%, methane selectivity of less than 10% and low-carbon olefin content of more than 35%. However, the poor mechanical properties of the molten iron catalyst at high temperature may cause the blockage of the catalyst bed in the fixed bed operation or cause the fouling of the separation equipment in the fluidized bed process, and the application of the molten iron catalyst in the reaction process of producing low-carbon olefins by fischer-tropsch synthesis is limited.
In addition, these catalysts encounter varying degrees of difficulty in the procedures of preparation repeatability, scale-up of preparation, and the like. Therefore, the catalyst with a novel structure is designed, high selectivity of the low-carbon olefin is obtained, and the catalyst has important significance for industrial application of preparing the low-carbon olefin from the synthesis gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a catalyst containing a molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a catalyst comprising a molecular sieve and a metal-modified molybdenum sulfide, the catalyst comprising, on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst, 30 to 95 wt% of the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide and 5 to 70 wt% of the molecular sieve;
wherein the metal modified molybdenum sulfide is modified by a metal M, and the metal M is at least one selected from Ni, Mn, Ce and Co;
the molecular sieve is at least one selected from SAPO-34 molecular sieve, SAPO-41 molecular sieve and SAPO-11 molecular sieve.
Optionally, the content of the metal M in the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide is 0.5 to 30 wt%.
Optionally, the catalyst comprises 40-70 wt% metal-modified molybdenum sulfide and 30-60 wt% molecular sieve, on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst.
Optionally, the catalyst is formed by mechanically mixing metal modified molybdenum sulfide with the particle size of less than 40 microns and a molecular sieve with the particle size of less than 40 microns.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the provided catalyst, which is selected from at least one of the following two ways:
(1) mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide and the molecular sieve;
(2) mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide with the synthetic solution of the molecular sieve, and then sequentially carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, filtering, drying and roasting.
Optionally, in the mode (1), the method further includes: mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide and a molecular sieve, and grinding the mixture to a particle size of less than 40 micrometers;
in the mode (2), the method further includes: the product of the calcination is ground to a particle size of less than 40 microns.
Optionally, in the mode (2), the synthesis solution of the molecular sieve includes a silicon source, an aluminum source, a phosphorus source, a template R1, a template R2, and water; wherein Al in the synthetic solution of the molecular sieve2O3：SiO2：P2O5: template R1: template R2: h2The molar ratio of O is 1: (0.02-0.5): (0.5-3): (0.01-0.5): (0.1-10): (3-80), the silicon source is at least one selected from silica gel, ethyl orthosilicate and silica sol, the aluminum source is at least one selected from aluminum oxide, aluminum sol and pseudo-boehmite, and the phosphorus source is phosphoric acid and/or P2O5The template R1 is tetraethylammonium hydroxide and/or tetrapropylammonium hydroxide; the template R2 is at least one selected from triethylamine, diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, diisopropylamine and morpholine.
Optionally, the hydrothermal synthesis conditions include: the temperature is 50-300 ℃, and the time is 10-300 hours.
Optionally, the preparation method of the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide comprises the following steps:
a. dissolving ammonium thiomolybdate and nitrate of metal M in water to obtain a mixed solution;
b. and (3) carrying out coprecipitation treatment on ammonia water and the mixed solution, and then standing, aging, filtering, washing, drying and roasting the obtained precipitation product under a protective atmosphere.
Optionally, in step b, the co-precipitation treatment conditions include: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the pH value of the precipitation product is 5-10;
the conditions of the standing aging comprise: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-12 hours;
the drying conditions include: the temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the time is 0.5-10 hours;
the roasting conditions comprise: the temperature is 200 ℃ and 600 ℃, the time is 2-12 hours, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen and/or inert gas.
The invention also provides an application of the catalyst in preparation of low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas, which comprises the following steps: contacting a synthesis gas feed with the catalyst in a reactor and carrying out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
Optionally, the conditions of the fischer-tropsch synthesis reaction include: the temperature is 200 ℃ and 500 ℃, the pressure is 0.5-15.0 MPa, and the gas volume space velocity is 500 ℃ and 100000 hours-1The molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas raw material is 0.5-10; the reactor is at least one selected from a slurry bed reactor, a fluidized bed reactor and a fixed bed reactor.
The catalyst provided by the invention has good conversion rate, stability and ethylene selectivity when being applied to preparation of low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas.
The catalyst of the invention has high catalytic efficiency and the preparation method is simple and easy.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The invention provides a catalyst containing molecular sieve and metal modified molybdenum sulfide, which comprises 30-95 wt% of metal modified molybdenum sulfide and 5-70 wt% of molecular sieve on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst; preferably, the catalyst comprises 40 to 70 weight percent metal modified molybdenum sulphide and 30 to 60 weight percent molecular sieve, on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst. Wherein the metal modified molybdenum sulfide is modified by a metal M, and the metal M is at least one selected from Ni, Mn, Ce and Co; the molecular sieve is at least one selected from SAPO-34 molecular sieve, SAPO-41 molecular sieve and SAPO-11 molecular sieve.
According to the present invention, the modification refers to a method for changing the form or property of a material substance by physical and chemical means, and the present invention incorporates the metal M into the molybdenum sulfide in a manner that can be performed by various existing methods such as impregnation, precipitation, coprecipitation, etc., and the content of the metal M in the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide can be 0.5 to 30 wt%, preferably 10 to 30 wt%.
In one embodiment, the step of preparing the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide comprises: a. ammonium thiomolybdate (molecular formula is (NH)4)2MoS4) Dissolving the nitrate of the metal M in water to obtain a mixed solution; b. and (3) carrying out coprecipitation treatment on ammonia water and the mixed solution, and then standing, aging, filtering, washing, drying and roasting the obtained precipitation product under a protective atmosphere. In step b, the conditions of the co-precipitation treatment may include: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, the pH value of the precipitation product is 5-10, and the end point of the coprecipitation treatment is based on the pH value reaching the range; standing for aging for (NH)4)2MoS4The nitrate of the metal M is fully precipitated, and the standing aging conditions can comprise: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-12 hours; the washing is used for removing ammonia water and ammonium nitrate, and a water washing mode can be adopted; the drying conditions may include: the temperature is 80-150 ℃, the time is 0.5-10 hours, and the vacuum drying is preferred; calcination is used to decompose the precipitated and aged product to obtain the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide, and the calcination conditions may include: the temperature is 200 ℃ and 600 ℃, the time is 2-12 hours, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen and/or inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
According to the invention, the catalyst of the invention can be prepared by mechanically mixing metal modified molybdenum sulfide with the particle size of less than 40 microns and molecular sieve with the particle size of less than 40 microns, so that the binder can be omitted.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the provided catalyst, which is selected from at least one of the following two ways:
(1) mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide and the molecular sieve; in the mode (1), the method may further include: mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide and the molecular sieve, and grinding the mixture to a particle size of less than 40 microns, wherein the grinding step can be carried out in a grinding machine;
(2) mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide with the synthetic solution of the molecular sieve, and then sequentially carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, filtration and dryingDrying and roasting; in the mode (2), the method may further include: the product of the calcination is ground to a particle size of less than 40 microns, and this grinding step may be carried out in a mill. In the mode (2), the synthesis solution of the molecular sieve may include a silicon source, an aluminum source, a phosphorus source, a templating agent R1, a templating agent R2, and water; wherein Al in the synthetic solution of the molecular sieve2O3：SiO2：P2O5: template R1: template R2: h2The molar ratio of O may be 1: (0.02-0.5): (0.5-3): (0.01-0.5): (0.1-10): (3-80), the silicon source can be at least one selected from silica gel, ethyl orthosilicate and silica sol, the aluminum source can be at least one selected from aluminum oxide, aluminum sol and pseudo-boehmite, and the phosphorus source can be phosphoric acid and/or P2O5The template R1 can be tetraethylammonium hydroxide and/or tetrapropylammonium hydroxide; the template R2 may be at least one selected from triethylamine, diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, diisopropylamine and morpholine. The conditions of the hydrothermal synthesis may include: the temperature is 50-300 ℃, and the time is 10-300 hours. The molecular sieve in the mode (1) can also be hydrothermally synthesized by using the synthesis solution of the molecular sieve in the mode (2).
The invention also provides an application of the catalyst in preparation of low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas, which comprises the following steps: contacting a synthesis gas feed with the catalyst in a reactor and carrying out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactions are well known to those skilled in the art in view of the present invention and will not be described in detail. The conditions of the fischer-tropsch synthesis reaction may include: the temperature is 200 ℃ and 500 ℃, the pressure is 0.5-15.0 MPa, and the gas volume space velocity is 500 ℃ and 100000 hours-1The molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas raw material is 0.5-10; the reactor is at least one selected from a slurry bed reactor, a fluidized bed reactor and a fixed bed reactor.
The following examples further illustrate the process provided by the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
In the examples, the gas chromatography of the TCD detector was used to measure the gas product, and the gas chromatography of the FID detector was used to measure the liquid product.
In the examples and comparative examples, an aluminum sol (alumina content 28 wt%) was purchased from polymer limited of Hunan; ethyl orthosilicate was purchased from Beijing Chemicals, tetraethylammonium hydroxide (chemically pure, at a concentration of 28.3% by weight) was purchased from a great-size refining plant in Guangzhou, triethylamine (chemically pure, at a concentration of 98% by weight) was purchased from Changzhou Guangming Biochemical research institute, and ammonium thiomolybdate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate nonahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, molybdenum sulfide, and molybdenum oxide were all analytically pure.
Examples 1-4 are used to provide the catalyst of the present invention and the method of making the same.
Example 1
20g of ammonium thiomolybdate ((NH) were weighed4)2MoS4) And 20g of nickel nitrate nonahydrate (Ni (NO)3)2·9H2O) is dissolved in 200ml of deionized water, and is co-current-flowed and co-precipitated with ammonia water at 60 ℃, after precipitation at 60 ℃, a precipitation product with the pH value of 9 is obtained, the obtained precipitation product is kept stand and aged for 8h at 60 ℃, filtered and washed to be neutral by deionized water, and is put into a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 4h, the dried precipitation product is put into a tubular furnace, nitrogen is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to 400 ℃ for roasting for 6 h, and the decomposition is carried out, thus obtaining the nickel modified molybdenum sulfide (the nickel content is 25 wt%).
According to the molar ratio of Al2O3(from alumina sol): SiO 22(from ethyl orthosilicate): p2O5: TEAOH (tetraethylammonium hydroxide): TEA (triethylamine): h2And (2) preparing a SAPO-34 molecular sieve synthetic solution according to the proportion of O-1: 0.2:1.2:0.2:2.5:60, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, placing the hydrothermal kettle into a drying oven at 180 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours, taking out the hydrothermal kettle, filtering, washing, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
Weighing 10g of nickel modified molybdenum sulfide and 10g of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, adding into a ball mill, uniformly mixing, and grinding for 20min to ensure that the particle size is less than 40 microns to obtain the catalyst-1.
Example 2
20g of molybdenum sulfide were weighedAmmonium salt ((NH)4)2MoS4) And 20g of a 50 wt% aqueous solution of manganese nitrate is dissolved in 200ml of deionized water, co-current co-precipitation is carried out with ammonia water at 60 ℃, after precipitation is carried out at 60 ℃, a precipitation product with the pH value of 9 is obtained, the obtained precipitation product is kept stand and aged for 8h at 60 ℃, is filtered and washed to be neutral by deionized water, is put into a vacuum drying oven for drying for 4h at 80 ℃, is put into a tubular furnace after being dried, is heated to 400 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen gas, is roasted for 6 h and is decomposed to obtain manganese modified molybdenum sulfide (the manganese content is 23 wt%).
According to the molar ratio of Al2O3(from alumina sol): SiO 22(from ethyl orthosilicate): p2O5: TEAOH (tetraethylammonium hydroxide): TEA (triethylamine): h2And (2) preparing a SAPO-34 molecular sieve synthetic solution according to the proportion of O-1: 0.2:1.2:0.2:2.5:60, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, placing the hydrothermal kettle into a drying oven at 180 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours, taking out the hydrothermal kettle, filtering, washing, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
Weighing 10g of manganese modified molybdenum sulfide and 10g of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, adding into a ball mill, uniformly mixing, and grinding for 20min to ensure that the particle size is less than 40 microns to obtain the catalyst-2.
Example 3
20g of ammonium thiomolybdate ((NH) were weighed4)2MoS4) And 20g of nickel nitrate nonahydrate (Ni (NO)3)2·9H2O) is dissolved in 200ml of deionized water, and is co-current-flowed and co-precipitated with ammonia water at 60 ℃, after precipitation at 60 ℃, a precipitation product with the pH value of 9 is obtained, the obtained precipitation product is kept stand and aged for 8h at 60 ℃, filtered and washed to be neutral by deionized water, and is put into a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 4h, the dried precipitation product is put into a tubular furnace, nitrogen is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to 400 ℃ for roasting for 4h, and the nickel modified molybdenum sulfide (the nickel content is 25 wt%) is obtained after decomposition.
According to the molar ratio of Al2O3(from alumina sol): SiO 22(from ethyl orthosilicate): p2O5: TEAOH (tetraethylammonium hydroxide): TEA (triethylamine): h2O＝1:0.2:1.2:0.2:2.5:60 (the synthesis solution has a molecular sieve theoretical yield (dry basis) of 16.5g and the weight is the same as that of the nickel-modified molybdenum sulfide), adding the nickel-modified molybdenum sulfide into the synthesis solution, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, placing the hydrothermal kettle into a 180 ℃ oven, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours, taking out the hydrothermal kettle, filtering, washing, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a hydrothermal synthesis product.
And weighing 20g of the hydrothermal synthesis product, adding the hydrothermal synthesis product into a ball mill, and grinding for 20min to ensure that the particle size is less than 40 microns to obtain the catalyst-3.
Example 4
20g of ammonium thiomolybdate ((NH) were weighed4)2MoS4) And 20g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co (NO)3)2·6H2O) is dissolved in 200ml of deionized water, and is co-current-flowed and co-precipitated with ammonia water at the temperature of 60 ℃, after precipitation is carried out at the temperature of 60 ℃, a precipitation product with the pH value of 10 is obtained, the obtained precipitation product is kept stand and aged for 8h at the temperature of 60 ℃, is filtered and washed to be neutral by the deionized water, is put into a vacuum drying oven to be dried for 4h at the temperature of 80 ℃, is put into a tubular furnace after being dried, is heated to 400 ℃ by introducing nitrogen protection and is roasted for 4h to be decomposed, and cobalt modified molybdenum sulfide (the cobalt content is 29 weight percent) is obtained.
According to the molar ratio of Al2O3(from alumina sol): SiO 22(from ethyl orthosilicate): p2O5: TEAOH (tetraethylammonium hydroxide): TEA (triethylamine): h2And (2) preparing a SAPO-34 molecular sieve synthetic solution according to the proportion of O-1: 0.2:1.2:0.2:2.5:60, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, placing the hydrothermal kettle into a drying oven at 180 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours, taking out the hydrothermal kettle, filtering, washing, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
Weighing 10g of cobalt modified molybdenum sulfide and 10g of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, adding into a ball mill, uniformly mixing, and grinding for 20min to ensure that the particle size is less than 40 microns to obtain the catalyst-4.
Comparative example 1
20g of ammonium thiomolybdate ((NH) were weighed4)2MoS4) Dissolving in 200ml deionized water, mixing with ammonia water at 60 deg.CAnd (2) co-current coprecipitation, precipitating at 60 ℃ to obtain a precipitate with the pH value of 9, standing and aging the obtained precipitate at 60 ℃ for 8h, filtering, washing with deionized water to be neutral, drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 4h, placing the dried precipitate in a tubular furnace, introducing nitrogen to protect, heating to 400 ℃, roasting for 4h, and decomposing to obtain molybdenum sulfide.
According to the molar ratio of Al2O3(from alumina sol): SiO 22(from ethyl orthosilicate): p2O5: TEAOH (tetraethylammonium hydroxide): TEA (triethylamine): h2And (2) preparing a SAPO-34 molecular sieve synthetic solution according to the proportion of O-1: 0.2:1.2:0.2:2.5:60, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, placing the hydrothermal kettle into a drying oven at 180 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours, taking out the hydrothermal kettle, filtering, washing, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
Weighing 10g of molybdenum sulfide and 10g of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, adding into a ball mill, uniformly mixing, and grinding for 20min until the particle size is less than 40 microns to obtain the catalyst D1.
Comparative example 2
According to the molar ratio of Al2O3(from alumina sol): SiO 22(from ethyl orthosilicate): p2O5: TEAOH (tetraethylammonium hydroxide): TEA (triethylamine): h2And (2) preparing a SAPO-34 molecular sieve synthetic solution according to the proportion of O-1: 0.2:1.2:0.2:2.5:60, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, placing the hydrothermal kettle into a drying oven at 180 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours, taking out the hydrothermal kettle, filtering, washing, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
Weighing 10g of molybdenum oxide and 10g of SAPO-34 molecular sieve as active components, adding the active components into a ball mill, uniformly mixing, and grinding for 20min to ensure that the particle size is less than 40 microns to obtain the catalyst D2.
Examples 5-8 illustrate the effect of carrying out the reaction in a fixed bed reactor using the catalysts prepared in examples 1-4.
Examples 5 to 8
Example of the reaction of CO with H2Carrying out Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction in a fixed bed reactor, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: catalyst and process for preparing same0.5g of the mixture is filled, the reaction temperature is 340 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.0MPa, and H is added2: CO is 2:1 (molar ratio), gas volume space velocity 6000h-1The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative examples 3 to 4
Comparative examples 3 to 4 were conducted under substantially the same conditions as in examples 5 to 8, except that catalysts 1 to 4 were replaced with catalyst-D1 and catalyst-D2, respectively, and the results of the reactions are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the catalyst of the present invention has good stability, high conversion rate and good ethylene selectivity when used for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
TABLE 1
Examples Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4
Catalyst and process for preparing same Catalyst-1 Catalyst-2 Catalyst-3 Catalyst-4 catalyst-D1 Catalyst and process for preparing same-D2
CO conversion, wt.% 78.7 75.6 75.2 80.4 35.1 5.8
CO2Selectivity, wt.% 10.4 9.5 8.7 9.7 16.6 14.5
Hydrocarbon selectivity,% by weight
CH4 7.4 8.2 7.7 9.2 19.8 55.7
C2H4 62.4 58.3 60.8 56.8 26.1 11.8
C2H6 6.4 7.3 7.8 7.4 2.4 1.1
C3H6 6.3 7.1 6.7 5.8 19.3 13.6
C3H8 1.4 2.7 2.5 2.2 0.5 0.2
C4H8 5.1 5.3 6.5 6.3 4.2 2.1
C4H10 1.4 2.5 2.2 2.6 0.7 0.2
C5 + 9.6 8.6 5.8 9.7 27.0 15.3

Claims (12)

1. A catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction comprising a molecular sieve and a metal-modified molybdenum sulphide, the catalyst comprising, on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst, from 30 to 95% by weight of the metal-modified molybdenum sulphide and from 5 to 70% by weight of the molecular sieve;
wherein the metal modified molybdenum sulfide is modified by a metal M, and the metal M is at least one selected from Ni, Mn, Ce and Co;
the molecular sieve is at least one selected from SAPO-34 molecular sieve, SAPO-41 molecular sieve and SAPO-11 molecular sieve.
2. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein the metal M content of the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide is from 0.5 to 30 wt%.
3. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises 40 to 70 weight percent metal-modified molybdenum sulfide and 30 to 60 weight percent molecular sieve, on a dry basis and based on the weight of the catalyst.
4. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a mechanical blend of metal-modified molybdenum sulfide having a particle size of less than 40 microns and a molecular sieve having a particle size of less than 40 microns.
5. A method for producing the catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is selected from at least one of the following two ways:
(1) mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide and the molecular sieve;
(2) mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide with the synthetic solution of the molecular sieve, and then sequentially carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, filtering, drying and roasting.
6. The production method according to claim 5, in the mode (1), the method further comprising: mixing the metal modified molybdenum sulfide and a molecular sieve, and grinding the mixture to a particle size of less than 40 micrometers;
in the mode (2), the method further includes: the product of the calcination is ground to a particle size of less than 40 microns.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the mode (2), the molecular sieve synthesis solution comprises a silicon source, an aluminum source, a phosphorus source, a templating agent R1, a templating agent R2 and water; wherein Al in the synthetic solution of the molecular sieve2O3：SiO2：P2O5: template R1: template R2: h2The molar ratio of O is 1: (0.02-0.5): (0.5-3): (0.01-0.5): (0.1-10): (3-80), the silicon source is at least one selected from silica gel, ethyl orthosilicate and silica sol, the aluminum source is at least one selected from aluminum oxide, aluminum sol and pseudo-boehmite, and the phosphorus source is phosphoric acid and/or P2O5The template R1 is tetraethylammonium hydroxide and/or tetrapropylammonium hydroxide; the template R2 is at least one selected from triethylamine, diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, diisopropylamine and morpholine.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the conditions of the hydrothermal synthesis include: the temperature is 50-300 ℃, and the time is 10-300 hours.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of preparing the metal-modified molybdenum sulfide comprises:
a. dissolving ammonium thiomolybdate and nitrate of metal M in water to obtain a mixed solution;
b. and (3) carrying out coprecipitation treatment on ammonia water and the mixed solution, and then standing, aging, filtering, washing, drying and roasting the obtained precipitation product under a protective atmosphere.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step b, the conditions of the co-precipitation treatment comprise: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the pH value of the precipitation product is 5-10;
the conditions of the standing aging comprise: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-12 hours;
the drying conditions include: the temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the time is 0.5-10 hours;
the roasting conditions comprise: the temperature is 200 ℃ and 600 ℃, the time is 2-12 hours, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen and/or inert gas.
11. Use of the catalyst of any one of claims 1 to 4 in the production of lower olefins from synthesis gas, the use comprising: contacting a synthesis gas feed with the catalyst in a reactor and carrying out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
12. Use according to claim 11, wherein the conditions of the fischer-tropsch synthesis reaction comprise: the temperature is 200-10000, the pressure is 0.5-15.0 MPa, and the gas volume space velocity is 500-100000 hour-1The molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas raw material is 0.5-10; the reactor is at least one selected from a slurry bed reactor, a fluidized bed reactor and a fixed bed reactor.
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