CN110289752B - Common-mode voltage cancellation method and circuit for inhibiting common-mode conducted interference of LLC resonant converter - Google Patents

Common-mode voltage cancellation method and circuit for inhibiting common-mode conducted interference of LLC resonant converter Download PDF

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CN110289752B
CN110289752B CN201910602773.XA CN201910602773A CN110289752B CN 110289752 B CN110289752 B CN 110289752B CN 201910602773 A CN201910602773 A CN 201910602773A CN 110289752 B CN110289752 B CN 110289752B
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resonant converter
llc resonant
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谢立宏
阮新波
朱昊楠
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/123—Suppression of common mode voltage or current

Abstract

The invention discloses a common mode voltage cancellation method and a circuit for inhibiting common mode conducted interference of an LLC resonant converter, wherein the cancellation method comprises the following steps: common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter is suppressed by offsetting common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter; the common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter is counteracted by adding two windings to an input power line; the two windings are coupled to a transformer. The invention provides a common mode voltage cancellation method for realizing the suppression of common mode conduction, and common mode conduction interference of an LLC resonant converter is suppressed by canceling the common mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter; according to the invention, two windings are added on the input power line and are coupled with the transformer, so that the common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter is counteracted; the invention is simple to realize, and does not need to increase the compensation capacitor, thereby avoiding the consistency problem caused by the tolerance introduction of the compensation capacitor, and having higher practicability.

Description

Common-mode voltage cancellation method and circuit for inhibiting common-mode conducted interference of LLC resonant converter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference suppression, and particularly relates to a common mode voltage cancellation method and circuit for suppressing LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference.
Background
Since the power device operates in a high frequency switching state, there are nodes in the power electronic converter where the potential changes at a high frequency. The high-frequency changing potential can generate displacement current in parasitic capacitance between the nodes and the protection ground, so that Common Mode (CM) conducted interference is caused and enters a power grid through an input power line, and the normal operation of other equipment in the same power grid is influenced.
In order to suppress common mode conducted interference of the converter, a common mode filter composed of a common mode inductor and a Y capacitor is generally added between the input power supply and the converter. Since the Y capacitor is connected between the input power line and the protection ground, the capacitance value is limited by the leakage current and is limited to an upper limit value. Thus, the common mode inductance tends to be large in order to achieve the desired attenuation requirements. In addition, the windings of the common mode inductor pass the input current. Therefore, the size and weight of the common mode inductor are large, and the improvement of the power efficiency and the power density is limited.
Common methods for suppressing interference include a common-mode current cancellation method and a common-mode voltage cancellation method.
Referring to fig. 1, a common mode current cancellation method, in which a 25 Ω resistor is a common mode interference equivalent test impedance, CsumAnd vENSRespectively, the total parasitic capacitance and the equivalent interference source in the common-mode interference model of the converter. Added offset branch route compensation voltage source vcomAnd a compensation capacitor CcomIs formed when the current i flowing through the compensating branchcomAnd the common mode current i generated by the converternWhen the size equals, the current that flows through the LISN equivalent test impedance is zero, and the common mode conducted interference is restrained, and the compensation voltage and the compensation capacitor meet the following requirements:
Figure GDA0002705924880000011
in fig. 1, the common-mode current generated by the converter is cancelled by the added parallel cancellation branch, however, there is a tolerance in the compensation capacitance, which affects the effect of common-mode interference cancellation.
Referring to FIG. 2, for the common mode voltage cancellation method, a compensation voltage source v is connected in series in the loopcomWhen v iscom＝vENSThe voltage across the 25 omega equivalent test impedance is zero, thereby eliminating common mode interference. The method directly cancels the common-mode voltage of the converter, so the method is called a common-mode voltage cancellation method. The method does not need to compensate the capacitor, and avoids the consistency problem caused by the capacitance tolerance.
According to fig. 2, an equivalent interference source v is establishedENSEqual offset voltage source vcomIs the key to realize common mode interference cancellation. In Buck converters, the equivalent interference source vENSCan be expressed in the form of:
vENS＝kvQ (2)
where k is the ratio of the corresponding parasitic capacitances in the circuit (0)<k<1)，vQThe voltage at the switch node to power ground, i.e., the drain-source voltage of the down tube. Due to vQWith voltage v of output filter inductor windingLfHaving the same alternating current component, i.e.
vQ＝vLf (3)
Condition v according to common mode interference cancellation in fig. 2com＝vENSCombining formula (2) and formula (3) to obtain
vcom＝kvLf (4)
From the equation (4), the required compensation voltage vcomIs compared with the ratio k of the corresponding parasitic capacitance in the LLC resonant converter circuit and the voltage v across the inductanceLfIt is related. Accordingly, an auxiliary winding with a suitable number of turns can be wound on the inductor in a magnetic coupling manner, and the auxiliary winding provides the required compensation voltage, as shown in fig. 3.
According to fig. 3, to obtain the required compensation voltage, the compensation voltage kv should be applied to both input power lines of the converterLfThe common-mode voltage from the LISN test end to the input side of the converter power supply is kvLf。
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a common mode voltage cancellation method and circuit for suppressing the common mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter, aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a common mode voltage cancellation method for inhibiting LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference is provided, the cancellation method is: common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter is suppressed by offsetting common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter;
the common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter is counteracted by adding two windings to an input power line;
the two windings are coupled to a transformer.
Preferably, the two windings are respectively connected to the positive pole of the input power supply and the positive pole of the input of the LLC resonant converter circuit, and the negative pole of the input power supply and the negative pole of the input of the LLC resonant converter circuit.
Preferably, the relationship between the two windings and the same-name end of the primary winding of the transformer is as follows: and the end points connected with the anode and the cathode of the input power supply respectively and the end point connected with the power ground in the primary winding of the transformer are different name ends.
Preferably, the two windings have equal turns, and the turns of the two windings are determined by the ratio of the turns of the primary winding of the transformer to the parasitic capacitance to the ground in the LLC resonant converter circuit.
A common mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference comprises an LLC resonant converter circuit and two windings; the two windings are arranged on an input power line of the LLC resonant converter circuit and are coupled with a transformer of the LLC resonant converter circuit.
Preferably, the two windings are respectively connected to the positive pole of the input power supply and the positive pole of the input of the LLC resonant converter circuit, and the negative pole of the input power supply and the negative pole of the input of the LLC resonant converter circuit.
Preferably, the relationship between the two windings and the same-name end of the primary winding of the transformer is as follows: and the end points connected with the anode and the cathode of the input power supply respectively and the end point connected with the power ground in the primary winding of the transformer are different name ends.
Preferably, the two windings have equal turns, and the turns of the two windings are determined by the ratio of the turns of the primary winding of the transformer to the parasitic capacitance to the ground in the LLC resonant converter circuit.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a common mode voltage cancellation method for realizing the suppression of common mode conduction, and common mode conduction interference of an LLC resonant converter is suppressed by canceling the common mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter;
according to the invention, two windings are added on the input power line and are coupled with the transformer, so that the common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter is counteracted;
the invention is simple to realize, and does not need to increase the compensation capacitor, thereby avoiding the consistency problem caused by the tolerance introduction of the compensation capacitor, and having higher practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a common mode current cancellation method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a common mode voltage cancellation method.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a common mode voltage cancellation method.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a common-mode voltage cancellation method for suppressing common-mode conducted interference of an LLC resonant converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a common mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing common mode conducted interference of an LLC resonant converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of an LLC resonant converter.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a common-mode interference model of the LLC resonant converter.
Fig. 8 is a thevenin equivalent circuit diagram of an LLC resonant converter.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a physical model of a transformer for calculating structural parameters of a winding of the transformer.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent transformer model for calculating structural parameters of a transformer winding.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a common mode voltage cancellation method for inhibiting common mode conducted interference of an LLC resonant converter, which comprises the following steps: common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter is suppressed by offsetting common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter;
the common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter is counteracted by adding two windings to an input power line;
the two windings are coupled to a transformer.
In an embodiment, the two windings are respectively connected to an anode of the input power supply and an anode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input, and a cathode of the input power supply and a cathode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input.
In the embodiment, the relationship between the two windings and the same-name terminals of the primary winding of the transformer is shown in fig. 5: the end points A and C connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the input power supply respectively and the end point a in the primary winding of the transformer are different name ends.
In one embodiment, the number of turns N of the two windings isABAnd NCDEqual and the number of turns of the two windings is determined by the number of turns of the primary winding N of the transformerabAnd the ratio to the parasitic capacitance to ground in the LLC resonant converter circuit. As shown in FIG. 5, NABAnd NCDThe specific expression of (A) is as follows:
Figure GDA0002705924880000041
wherein n is the transformer turn ratio, C0Is the structural capacitance, lambda, of the primary and secondary windings of the transformeraAnd λcThe specific expression of (a) is related to the winding structure of the transformer.
A common mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference comprises an LLC resonant converter circuit and two windings; the two windings are arranged on an input power line of the LLC resonant converter circuit and are coupled with a transformer of the LLC resonant converter circuit.
In an embodiment, the two windings are respectively connected to an anode of the input power supply and an anode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input, and a cathode of the input power supply and a cathode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input.
In an embodiment, the relationship between the two windings and the same-name end of the primary winding of the transformer is as follows: and the endpoints which are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the LLC resonant converter and the endpoint which is connected with the power ground in the primary winding of the transformer are synonym ends.
In an embodiment, the number of turns of the two windings is equal, and the number of turns of the two windings is determined by a ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding of the transformer to a parasitic capacitance to a safe ground in the LLC resonant converter circuit.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: referring to fig. 4, the common mode inductor winding AB and the common mode inductor winding CD, the number of turns N thereofABAnd NCDAre all kLLCNabIn which N isabThe number of turns of the filter inductor winding. Neglecting winding leakage inductance, with vBD＝Vin+vAB-vCD＝VinTherefore, the normal operation of the converter is not influenced by adding the common-mode inductance winding. In addition, in order to reduce copper loss of common mode inductance winding, input filter of converterWave capacitor CinShould be placed between the transformer and the common mode inductor winding so that the current flowing through the common mode inductor winding is direct current.
Based on the above analysis, fig. 5 shows a circuit diagram of an LLC resonant converter with common-mode voltage cancellation, where the common-mode inductive windings AB and CD have k turnsLLCNabIn which N isabThe number of turns of the primary winding.
The following details derive the equivalent interference source v of the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converterENSAnd determining the number of turns of the common mode inductor winding based thereon.
FIG. 6 shows a circuit diagram of an LLC resonant converter, where CS1And CD1Are respectively a switching tube Q1And Q2Through the parasitic capacitance of the heat sink to the protective ground. An alternative theorem is applied below to derive a common-mode interference model for an LLC resonant converter. First, Q is added2Instead of an ac voltage source v having the same waveform as its drain-source voltageQ2，LrAnd CrIs replaced by an alternating voltage source v with the same waveformres. In the conducted interference frequency band of 150 kHz-30 MHz, the common-mode interference equivalent impedance of the LISN is 25 omega resistance. Output capacitor CoIs substantially direct current, so CoSeen as a short circuit. Neglecting the leakage inductance of the transformer, replacing the transformer with a controlled voltage/current source, and simultaneously, for a convenient analysis model, equating the distributed capacitance of the transformer to two capacitors CaeAnd Cbe. In order to avoid a pure voltage source loop in the circuit, Q is connected1、DR1And DR2Respectively replaced by current sources of the same current waveform as the respective ones. In this way, a common mode interference equivalent circuit of the half bridge LLC resonant converter is obtained, as shown in fig. 7.
Referring to FIG. 8, the voltage source v is first applied considering only the current source effect using the superposition theoremQ2And vresShort circuit of current source iQ1、iDR1And iDR2Are shorted out so that the current source does not affect the common mode conducted interference. Then, the current source iQ1、 iDR1And iDR2Open circuit, taking into account the action of voltage source onlyThe situation is described. By simplifying the circuit, the expression of the equivalent interference source is obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0002705924880000051
when the switching frequency approaches the resonance frequency, the impedance of the series branch of the resonance inductor and the resonance capacitor is much smaller than the impedance of the excitation inductor, so that the voltage v on the series resonance branchresAnd vQ2V is negligible in comparisonQ2And vabApproximately equal. When this is the case, the formula (4) can be expressed as
vENS_LLC＝kLLCvab (5)
In the formula:
Figure GDA0002705924880000052
two capacitors CaeAnd CbeAre respectively:
Cae＝[λa+n(1-2λc)]C0 (7a)
Cbe＝[1-λa-n(1-2λc)]C0 (7b)
wherein λ isaAnd λcThe parameters of the winding structure of the transformer are determined by the winding structure of the transformer. C0The capacitance is the structural capacitance of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the transformer, and can be measured through experiments: and respectively short-circuiting the end points of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the transformer, and then measuring the capacitance value between the two short-circuit points by using an LCR meter.
Substituting formula (7) for formula (6) to obtain:
Figure GDA0002705924880000053
according to the formula (8), the numbers of turns of the common mode inductance windings AB and CD are both kLLCNab。
Structural parameter lambda of transformer windingaAnd λcThe calculation of (2):
referring to the winding structure of the transformer shown in fig. 9 and 10 as an example, the winding structure parameter λ is calculatedaAnd λc. The calculation idea is similar for the transformers with other winding structures.
Let C be the parasitic capacitance between the primary winding Pri1 and the secondary winding Sec1-11The parasitic capacitance between Pri2 and Sec2-2 is C2Since the same insulating materials with the same thickness are adopted between Pri1 and Sec1-1 and between Pri2 and Sec2-2, C is1And C2Approximately equal.
The displacement currents flowing through Pri1 to Sec1-1 and Pri2 to Sec2-2 are:
Figure GDA0002705924880000061
wherein λ is1Is expressed as
Figure GDA0002705924880000062
Wherein r is1Is the inner diameter of the primary winding, r2Its outer diameter, NPThe number of turns of the primary winding.
Since the same insulating materials with the same thickness are adopted for Pri1 to Sec1-1 and Pri2 to Sec2-2, C is1＝C2＝0.5C0Then the sum of the displacement currents flowing through the two layers of windings is
Figure GDA0002705924880000063
The general expression of the total displacement current flowing through the distributed capacitance of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer is as follows:
Figure GDA0002705924880000064
combine the formulas (11) and (12) to seeThe winding structure parameter lambda of the transformer is obtainedaAnd λcAre all 0.5.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A common mode voltage cancellation method for inhibiting LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cancellation method comprises the following steps: common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter is suppressed by offsetting common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter;
the common-mode voltage of the LLC resonant converter is counteracted by adding two windings to an input power line;
the two windings are coupled with a transformer;
each winding is connected in series with one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply and one end of the resonant converter circuit.
2. The common-mode voltage cancellation method for suppressing the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two windings are respectively connected to the anode of the input power supply and the anode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input, and the cathode of the input power supply and the cathode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input.
3. The common-mode voltage cancellation method for suppressing the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the relationship between the two windings and the homonymous terminal of the primary winding of the transformer is as follows: and the end points connected with the anode and the cathode of the input power supply respectively and the end point connected with the power ground in the primary winding of the transformer are different name ends.
4. The common-mode voltage cancellation method for suppressing the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of turns of the two windings is equal, and the number of turns of the two windings is determined by the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding of the transformer to the parasitic capacitance to the safety ground in the LLC resonant converter circuit.
5. A common mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing LLC resonant converter common mode conducted interference is characterized in that: the LLC resonant converter comprises an LLC resonant converter circuit and two windings; the two windings are arranged on an input power line of the LLC resonant converter circuit and are coupled with a transformer of the LLC resonant converter circuit;
each winding is connected in series with one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply and one end of the resonant converter circuit.
6. The common-mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter according to claim 5, wherein: the two windings are respectively connected to the anode of the input power supply and the anode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input, and the cathode of the input power supply and the cathode of the LLC resonant converter circuit input.
7. The common-mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter according to claim 5, wherein: the relationship between the two windings and the homonymous terminal of the primary winding of the transformer is as follows: and the end points connected with the anode and the cathode of the input power supply respectively and the end point connected with the power ground in the primary winding of the transformer are different name ends.
8. The common-mode voltage cancellation circuit for suppressing the common-mode conducted interference of the LLC resonant converter according to claim 5, wherein: the number of turns of the two windings is equal, and the number of turns of the two windings is determined by the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding of the transformer to the parasitic capacitance to the safety ground in the LLC resonant converter circuit.
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